Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use this to talk about what you intend to do if a specific real-life condition is met.
- Use 'Present Simple' after 'if' (e.g., If I win...)
- Use 'be going to' for the result (e.g., ...I'm going to travel).
- This shows a pre-existing plan, not a spontaneous decision.
Overview
be going to を使った first conditional の役割なんだ。普通の will 版は未来について話す「定番」の方法だけど、結果の節（result clause）で be going to を使うと、個人的なニュアンスが加わるよ。すでに心の中で計画や強い意志があることを示せるんだ。単なる適当な予測というより、その if の条件が起きたら実際に何をするつもりか、ってことに重点がある。「それを実現させる」ための文法だと思っていいよ。「たぶん行くだろう（I'll probably go）」と「絶対に行くつもり（I'm totally going）」の違いみたいなもの。次の休暇の計画を立ててるときや、今夜Netflixで何を観るか決めてるときなら、このパターンが必要になるはず。ただ、ピザを食べる代わりにTikTokを3時間スクロールして終わっちゃったとしても、文法のせいにしないでね。How This Grammar Works
if の部分）と結果（be going to の部分）。if 節（clause）では present simple を使う。なぜなら、今、または近い未来にある現実的な可能性について話しているから。結果の節では be going to + base verb を使って、その結果が計画された意図であることを示すんだ。will よりも個人的で差し迫った感じがするから、話し言葉の英語ではすごく一般的だよ。基本的には、「もしXが起きたら、私の計画はYだ」と言ってることになる。スマホのアラームをセットするようなものかな。もしアラームが鳴ったら、起きるつもりだよね（起きれるといいけど）。これは可能性と具体的な計画との間のギャップを埋めるものなんだ。もしそのピザ屋のメニューをすでにチェック済みなら、間違いなく be going to を使う状況だね。たとえそのビジョンがただのペパロニ一切れだったとしても、ビジョンを持った人のための文法なんだ。
Formation Pattern
if 節から始める: if + 主語 + present simple の動詞を使う。例えば、If I save enough money。
if 節から始めた場合は、次のパートの前に必ずコンマを入れよう。もし文の順序を逆にしたら、コンマは必要ないよ！
am/is/are + going to + base verb を使う。例えば、I am going to buy a new laptop。
Conjugation Table
| Subject | Be Form | Going To | Base Verb | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | going to | travel | If I get a holiday, I'm going to travel. |
| You | are | going to | pass | If you study, you're going to pass. |
| He/She/It | is | going to | rain | If the clouds stay, it's going to rain. |
| We | are | going to | eat | If we finish, we're going to eat. |
| They | are | going to | call | If they arrive, they're going to call. |
When To Use It
If I graduate this year, I’m going to move to London.ロンドンのことはすでに考えていて、卒業がそのゴーサインってわけ。predictions based on current evidence（現在の証拠に基づく予測）にも最適だよ。重い箱を持って滑りやすい床で苦戦している友達を見たら、"If you don't put that down, you're going to drop it!" と言うかもしれないね。
will を使うよりも緊急性があって確実な感じがする。テキストメッセージや友達へのメール、あるいはInstagramで最高の人生をマニフェスト（宣言）するときに使ってみて。「もしフォロワーが1000人に達したら、プレゼント企画をするつもり（If I reach 1k followers, I'm going to do a giveaway）」みたいな投稿には完璧だね。要するに、頭の中に計画があるなら、be going to は君の親友ってこと。
Common Mistakes
if 節の中で will を使っちゃうこと。よく ✗ If I will go to the store...と言っちゃう人がいるけど、常に ✓
If I go to the store...であるべきなんだ。覚えておいて：
will と going to は result（結果）の部分に属するもので、絶対に if の部分には来ないよ。もう一つの間違いは、going to の前の am/is/are を忘れちゃうこと。I going to とは言えないよ。"I'm going to が正解。これはピザのチーズを忘れるようなもの――厳密には食べ物だけど、それって本当にピザ？ あと、going to の後の動詞の形にも気をつけて。base form（原形）じゃなきゃダメ。✗ I'm going to buying« はアウト。✓ »I'm going to buy" が正解だね。シンプルに、きれいに保てば、文法警察（grammar police）に捕まることもないよ。Contrast With Similar Patterns
will じゃダメなの？」って。まあ、will は話している瞬間に決めた spontaneous decisions（突発的な決断）によく使われるんだ。電話が鳴ったら、"I'll get it!"（私が出るよ！）と言うよね（First Conditional: If the phone rings, I'll get it）。でも be going to は pre-decided plans（前もって決めた計画）のためのもの。もし一日中電話を待っていたなら、"If the phone rings, I'm going to answer it immediately." と言うだろうね。違いがわかる？ 片方は反射的で、もう片方は意図があるんだ。second conditional（If I won the lottery, I would buy a car）と比べると、first conditional は実際に起こる可能性が高いことについて話している。ここでは夢を見ているわけじゃなくて、計画を立てているんだ。be going to を使うと、英語がより自然に聞こえて、マニュアルを読んでいるロボットみたいにはならない。自分事（skin in the game）として捉えていることが伝わるよ。Quick FAQ
gonna を使ってもいい？
カジュアルなテキストや友達と話すときは、全然OK！ただ、大学のエッセイや就職の応募書類では going to のままにしておいてね。
節（clause）を入れ替えたら意味は変わる？
ううん、変わらないよ！ "I'm going to stay home if it rains« は »If it rains, I'm going to stay home." と同じ意味。ただ、最初の例ではコンマをなくしてね。
going to を悪いことに使ってもいいの？
もちろん！ "If you keep acting like that, you're going to get blocked"（そんな態度を取り続けたら、ブロックするよ）なんていうのは、現代的な警告の定番だね。
天気のことに使える？
間違いないね。"If the wind picks up, it's going to be a cold night."（風が強まったら、寒い夜になりそうだ）。アマチュア気象予報士みたいな響きだけど、それもまたいい雰囲気（vibe）だよね。
Structure of First Conditional (Intentions)
| Clause | Subject | Verb Form | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
If-Clause
|
I / You / We / They
|
Present Simple
|
If I study,
|
|
If-Clause
|
He / She / It
|
Present Simple (+s/es)
|
If she studies,
|
|
Result-Clause
|
I
|
am going to + verb
|
I am going to pass.
|
|
Result-Clause
|
He / She / It
|
is going to + verb
|
she is going to pass.
|
|
Result-Clause
|
You / We / They
|
are going to + verb
|
we are going to pass.
|
Common Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Informal/Spoken |
|---|---|---|
|
I am going to
|
I'm going to
|
I'm gonna
|
|
You are going to
|
You're going to
|
You're gonna
|
|
He is going to
|
He's going to
|
He's gonna
|
|
We are not going to
|
We aren't going to
|
We're not gonna
|
Meanings
A variation of the first conditional used specifically to express a prior intention or a plan that depends on a possible future condition.
Conditional Intentions
Expressing a plan you have already made, provided the condition is met.
“If we have enough money, we are going to visit Japan next year.”
“If she passes the exam, she's going to apply for a master's degree.”
Conditional Predictions based on Evidence
Predicting a future outcome based on current signs if a condition occurs.
“If you don't slow down, you're going to have an accident.”
“If it keeps raining like this, the river is going to flood.”
Negative Intentions
Expressing what you plan NOT to do if a condition is met.
“If they don't offer a discount, I'm not going to buy it.”
“If it's too crowded, we aren't going to stay long.”
Reference Table
| 種類 | 構造 | 例文 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
First Conditional
|
If + Present Simple, be going to + Base Verb
|
If it rains, I'm going to stay home.
|
現実的な可能性が確定した計画につながる。
|
|
条件が先
|
If + Condition (Simple Present), Intention (be going to)
|
If I get a bonus, I'm going to buy a new laptop.
|
計画が条件に直接依存している。
|
|
意図が先
|
Intention (be going to) if + Condition (Simple Present)
|
She's going to study abroad if she gets the scholarship.
|
語順は意味を変えない、コンマは不要。
|
|
否定の条件
|
If + don't/doesn't + Verb, be going to + Verb
|
If you don't call him, he's going to be upset.
|
条件が満たされない結果。
|
|
疑問形
|
What are you going to do if...?
|
What are you going to do if the train is delayed?
|
誰かの条件付きの計画について尋ねる。
|
|
対比 (Will)
|
If + Present Simple, will + Base Verb
|
If it rains, I'll probably stay home.
|
予測やその場での決定であり、確固たる計画ではない。
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
If a salary increase is not granted, I am going to submit my resignation. (Workplace)
If I don't get a raise, I'm going to quit my job. (Workplace)
If they don't give me more cash, I'm gonna quit. (Workplace)
If no raise hits, I'm outtie. (Workplace)
First Conditional: 意図と計画 (be going to)
If節 (条件)
- If it rains... 現在形
- If she studies... 現実的な可能性
主節 (意図)
- ...I'm going to stay home. Be Going To + 動詞の原型
- ...she's going to pass. 明確な計画/意図
重要な考え
- 条件付き計画 条件に基づく未来の計画
- if節では'will'なし よくある間違い
First ConditionalにおけるWill vs. Be Going To
Be Going To を使ったFirst Conditionalの作り方
その条件は現実的な未来の可能性ですか？
結果について明確な計画や意図を表現していますか？
「if」節の動詞の時制は何ですか？
主節の動詞の形は何ですか？
Be Going To を使ったFirst Conditionalの用途
毎日の計画
- • If I wake up early, I'm going to hit the gym.
- • If the store is open, I'm going to buy groceries.
仕事/学業の目標
- • If I finish this report, I'm going to take a break.
- • If she gets the scholarship, she's going to study abroad.
社交イベント
- • If they invite me, I'm going to the party.
- • If it's sunny, we're going to have a BBQ.
警告/アドバイス
- • If you don't hurry, you're going to miss the bus.
- • If you touch that, you're going to regret it.
レベル別の例文
If I am hungry, I am going to eat.
If I am hungry, I am going to eat.
If it is hot, I am going to swim.
If it is hot, I am going to swim.
If I see her, I am going to say hello.
If I see her, I am going to say hello.
If we have a ball, we are going to play.
If we have a ball, we are going to play.
If I find my keys, I'm going to leave.
If I find my keys, I'm going to leave.
If it doesn't rain, we're going to walk.
If it doesn't rain, we're going to walk.
Are you going to buy it if it's cheap?
Are you going to buy it if it's cheap?
If he is late, I'm not going to wait.
If he is late, I'm not going to wait.
If I get the job, I'm going to move to London.
If I get the job, I'm going to move to London.
If the car breaks down again, I'm going to sell it.
If the car breaks down again, I'm going to sell it.
We're going to stay with my aunt if we go to Paris.
We're going to stay with my aunt if we go to Paris.
If you don't finish your homework, you aren't going to go out.
If you don't finish your homework, you aren't going to go out.
If the company expands, they're going to hire more staff.
If the company expands, they're going to hire more staff.
If you keep ignoring the symptoms, it's going to get worse.
If you keep ignoring the symptoms, it's going to get worse.
If we don't reach a compromise, we're going to lose the client.
If we don't reach a compromise, we're going to lose the client.
Is she going to quit if they don't give her a raise?
Is she going to quit if they don't give her a raise?
If the legislation passes, the government is going to face significant backlash.
If the legislation passes, the government is going to face significant backlash.
If we proceed with this strategy, we're going to be taking a massive risk.
If we proceed with this strategy, we're going to be taking a massive risk.
If he continues to underperform, management is going to have to let him go.
If he continues to underperform, management is going to have to let him go.
If the data is accurate, we're going to see a shift in consumer behavior.
If the data is accurate, we're going to see a shift in consumer behavior.
Should the negotiations fail, the union is going to initiate a nationwide strike.
Should the negotiations fail, the union is going to initiate a nationwide strike.
If the paradox holds, our understanding of physics is going to be fundamentally altered.
If the paradox holds, our understanding of physics is going to be fundamentally altered.
If she maintains this trajectory, she's going to go down in history as a pioneer.
If she maintains this trajectory, she's going to go down in history as a pioneer.
If the board remains deadlocked, the CEO is going to exercise her veto power.
If the board remains deadlocked, the CEO is going to exercise her veto power.
間違えやすい
Learners don't know when to use 'will' vs 'going to'.
Learners use 'going to' for general truths.
Using 'will' after 'when'.
よくある間違い
If I will see him, I am going to tell him.
If I see him, I am going to tell him.
If it rains, I going to stay home.
If it rains, I am going to stay home.
If I win, I am going buy a car.
If I win, I am going to buy a car.
If he go, I'm going to go.
If he goes, I'm going to go.
If I'm going to have time, I'm going to call you.
If I have time, I'm going to call you.
If it is sunny, are you go to the beach?
If it is sunny, are you going to go to the beach?
If they don't come, we not going to start.
If they don't come, we aren't going to start.
If I'll get a raise, I'm going to buy a house.
If I get a raise, I'm going to buy a house.
If I see her, I'll going to tell her.
If I see her, I'm going to tell her.
If the weather will be good, we are going to hike.
If the weather is good, we are going to hike.
If the plan will fail, we are going to lose everything.
If the plan fails, we are going to lose everything.
文型パターン
If I ___(verb)___, I am going to ___(verb)___.
If it ___(verb+s)___, we aren't going to ___(verb)___.
Are you going to ___(verb)___ if ___(subject)___ ___(verb)___?
If ___(subject)___ doesn't ___(verb)___, I'm going to have to ___(verb)___.
Real World Usage
If I finish work early, I'm gonna head to the gym.
If I am selected for this role, I am going to contribute my skills to the marketing team.
If the hotel is too expensive, we're going to look for an Airbnb.
If this video gets 500 likes, I'm going to dye my hair blue!
If you don't clean your room, I'm not going to take you to the movies.
If the pain continues, I'm going to prescribe some stronger medication.
「条件付きの計画」と考える
「If」節は現在形
明確に伝える
短縮形が主流
語順は柔軟に
Smart Tips
Use 'be going to' to sound more professional and prepared.
Check if the 'will' is inside the 'if' clause. If it is, delete it!
Contract your 'be' verbs and use 'gonna' in speech.
Use 'be going to' to emphasize that the bad result is inevitable.
発音
Gonna Reduction
In casual speech, 'going to' almost always becomes 'gonna'.
If-Clause Comma Pause
There is usually a slight upward intonation and a brief pause at the comma after the if-clause.
Conditional Rise-Fall
If I win ↗, I'm going to travel ↘.
Signals that the first part is a condition and the second is the result.
暗記しよう
記憶術
IF it's PRESENT, the PLAN is GOING to happen.
視覚的連想
Imagine a fork in the road. One path has a sign 'If this happens'. At the end of that path, you are already holding a suitcase (your plan/intention).
Rhyme
If the first part is real and now, 'going to' shows the plan and how.
Story
You are planning a party. You tell your friend: 'If the DJ says yes, I'm going to book the hall.' You already have the hall's phone number in your hand—it's a plan, not a guess!
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write down 3 things you are going to do this weekend if the weather is good, and 3 things you are going to do if it rains.
文化メモ
Using 'gonna' is extremely common even in semi-professional settings. Not using it can sometimes sound overly stiff.
British speakers often use 'if' + 'should' for formal conditional intentions.
In negotiations, using 'be going to' sounds more firm and decided than 'will', which can sound like a promise you just thought of.
The 'be going to' construction evolved from the literal verb of movement 'to go'.
会話のきっかけ
If you win the lottery tomorrow, what are you going to buy first?
If you have a free day next week, what are you going to do?
If you move to a new country, what are you going to miss most about home?
If the world economy crashes, how are you going to change your lifestyle?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
If I ___ (pass) my exam, I'm going to celebrate all night.
Find and fix the mistake:
If it will be sunny tomorrow, we are going to the beach.
正しい文を選んでください:
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /4
練習問題
8 exercisesIf she _______ (pass) the test, she _______ (buy) a new laptop.
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
If it rains tomorrow, we going to cancel the picnic.
going / if / buy / I'm / to / it / cheap / is / it
Si tengo dinero, voy a viajar.
1. If I'm late... 2. If it's sunny... 3. If I win...
A: What are your plans for the weekend? B: Well, if the weather is good, _______.
If you're hungry, I'll make a sandwich.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesIf he ___ (work) hard, he's going to finish the project on time.
They going to cancel the picnic if it rains.
正しい文はどれですか？
英語に翻訳してください: 'Si tenemos tiempo, vamos a visitar el museo.'
これらの単語を並べ替えて文にしてください:
条件とそれに対応する計画を組み合わせてください:
If you ___ (not/feel) well, I'm going to call a doctor.
If he will travel abroad, he's going to need a visa.
これらの文のうち、正しいものはどれですか？
英語に翻訳してください: 'Si llueve, vamos a quedarnos en casa.'
単語を並べ替えてください:
「if」節と適切な「be going to」の意図を接続してください:
正しい選択肢を選んでください:
Score: /13
よくある質問 (8)
No. The 'if' clause uses the Present Simple. You can only use 'gonna' in the result part. Example: `If I win, I'm gonna buy a car.`
`I'll buy` sounds like a promise or a decision you just made. `I'm going to buy` sounds like a plan you've had for a long time.
Yes! It's very common. `If you don't stop, you're going to get in trouble.` It implies the result is a logical certainty.
Only if the `if` clause comes first. If you say `I'm going to go if it's sunny`, no comma is needed.
Technically no. The 'if' clause must be Present Simple. However, in very informal speech, people sometimes do it, but it's considered incorrect in standard English.
Yes! `Unless it rains, I'm going to go to the park.` 'Unless' works just like 'if not'.
No, you must conjugate the 'be' verb: `I am`, `He/She/It is`, `You/We/They are`.
Because it deals with 'real' or 'possible' situations in the future, unlike the second conditional which is for imaginary things.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Si + presente, voy a + infinitivo
Spanish speakers often use the present indicative for the result too, whereas English prefers 'going to'.
Si + présent, je vais + infinitif
French cannot use the future tense after 'si', just like English cannot use 'will' after 'if'.
Wenn + Präsens, [Präsens/Futur]
German doesn't have a specific 'going to' intention structure; it uses 'werden' or just the present tense.
〜たら、〜つもりです (~tara, ~tsumori desu)
Japanese grammar for 'if' is much more complex with multiple forms (to, ba, tara, nara).
إذا (Idha) + Present, [Sa/Sawfa] + Present
Arabic doesn't distinguish between 'will' and 'going to' in the same way; 'sawfa' is just more distant future.
如果 (Rúguǒ) ... 就 (jiù) ... 要 (yào)
The word 'jiù' is often required in the result clause to link the condition, which has no English equivalent.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
関連動画
Related Grammar Rules
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