B1 adjective ニュートラル 3分で読める

不利的

buli de pú lì de
練習する

Overview

The Chinese adjective '不利的' (bú lì de) is a versatile term used to describe situations, conditions, or outcomes that are not advantageous, are detrimental, or pose a disadvantage. It's often used to express a sense of negativity or difficulty associated with a particular circumstance.

Breaking down the characters, '不' (bù) means 'no' or 'not,' and '利' (lì) can mean 'benefit,' 'advantage,' or 'profit.' Therefore, '不利' directly translates to 'not beneficial' or 'not advantageous.' The suffix '的' (de) functions to turn the phrase into an adjective, similar to '-able' or '-ous' in English.

'不利的' can be applied in various contexts:

  1. 1Unfavorable Conditions/Situations: This is perhaps its most common usage. For example, '不利的天气' (bú lì de tiān qì) means 'unfavorable weather,' referring to conditions like storms, heavy rain, or extreme cold that hinder activities. Similarly, '不利的局面' (bú lì de jú miàn) describes an 'unfavorable situation' or 'disadvantageous state of affairs,' implying that circumstances are not working in one's favor.
  1. 1Disadvantageous for a Person/Group: It can describe something that puts someone at a disadvantage. '这对我们非常不利' (zhè duì wǒ men fēi cháng bú lì) means 'This is very disadvantageous for us,' indicating that the situation or decision will negatively impact them. In a competitive setting, '处于不利地位' (chǔ yú bú lì dì wèi) means 'to be in a disadvantageous position.'
  1. 1Harmful or Detrimental Effects: While not always as strong as words like '有害' (yǒu hài - harmful), '不利的' can convey a sense of harm or detriment, especially when referring to long-term consequences. For instance, '这种做法对健康不利' (zhè zhǒng zuò fǎ duì jiàn kāng bú lì) means 'This practice is detrimental to health.' It suggests that the action will have negative health outcomes.
  1. 1Negative Impact on Progress/Development: '不利的因素' (bú lì de yīn sù) refers to 'unfavorable factors' or 'negative influences' that impede progress or development. This could be anything from economic downturns to political instability.

Usage Notes:

  • It often appears with prepositions like '对' (duì - to/for) or '于' (yú - at/in/to) to specify who or what is affected. For example, '对…不利' (duì… bú lì).
  • It can be used to describe both abstract concepts (e.g., reputation, development) and concrete situations (e.g., weather, battlefield conditions).
  • It conveys a sense of difficulty or impediment, suggesting that success or positive outcomes will be harder to achieve due to the described conditions.

Understanding '不利的' is crucial for grasping nuances in Chinese communication, especially when discussing challenges, risks, and negative implications in various fields.

例文

1

我们需要扭转 不利的 局面。

Context example with '不利的' meaning 'unfavorable'.

We need to reverse this unfavorable situation.

2

这对我们的竞争对手来说是 不利的。

Context example with '不利的' meaning 'disadvantageous'.

This is disadvantageous for our competitors.

3

吸烟对健康是 不利的。

Context example with '不利的' meaning 'harmful'.

Smoking is harmful to health.

4

在 不利的 条件下，他仍然取得了成功。

Context example showing resilience in 'unfavorable' conditions.

Despite the unfavorable conditions, he still succeeded.

5

这条政策对小企业有 不利的 影响。

Context example with '不利的' describing a negative impact.

This policy has a disadvantageous impact on small businesses.

よく使う組み合わせ

不利的条件
不利的局面
不利的因素
处于不利地位

よく混同される語

不利的 vs 不利

The word '不利' means unfavorable or disadvantageous. Adding '的' at the end ('不利的') turns it into an adjective, meaning 'unfavorable' or 'disadvantageous'. So, '不利' is the base form, and '不利的' is the adjectival form.

文法パターン

不利的 + noun (e.g., 不利的情况 - unfavorable situation) 对...不利的 (e.g., 对他不利的证据 - evidence disadvantageous to him) 处于不利的地位 (to be in a disadvantageous position)

使い方

When using '不利的,' it's important to understand the nuance of its application. It can describe a situation, a condition, an outcome, or an action. For instance, '不利的条件' (bù lì de tiáo jiàn) means 'unfavorable conditions,' while '不利的局面' (bù lì de jú miàn) refers to a 'disadvantageous situation.' It can also be used to describe something harmful, as in '对健康不利' (duì jiàn kāng bù lì) meaning 'harmful to health.' The term is often used in formal and semi-formal contexts, such as news reports, business discussions, or academic papers, but can also appear in everyday conversation when discussing potential downsides or risks. It's generally a more direct and objective term compared to expressions that might imply bad luck or superstition, although the underlying cultural sensitivity to negative outcomes is still present. It's a versatile adjective that can modify various nouns to convey a sense of negativity or disadvantage.

よくある間違い

A common mistake might be to confuse '不利的' with words that mean 'difficult' or 'bad' in a general sense, without the specific connotation of being disadvantageous or harmful to a situation or person. For example, '困难的' (kùnnande) means 'difficult', and while an unfavorable situation can be difficult, '不利的' specifically points to the lack of advantage or presence of harm. Another mistake could be to use it when a more direct negative adjective like '坏的' (huàide - bad) would be more appropriate if the context is simply about something being of poor quality rather than being disadvantageous.

ヒント

💡

Usage in Context

不利的 (bù lì de) is an adjective used to describe something that is unfavorable, disadvantageous, or harmful. It can modify nouns to indicate a negative quality or outcome.

💡

Common Mistakes

Avoid confusing 不利的 with 没用的 (méi yòng de), which means 'useless.' While something unfavorable might be useless in a specific situation, the two words have distinct meanings. 不利的 focuses on the negative impact or disadvantage, whereas 没用的 focuses on the lack of utility.

💡

Advanced Usage

In more advanced contexts, 不利的 can be used to describe abstract concepts or situations. For example, 不利的局面 (bù lì de jú miàn) refers to an unfavorable situation or predicament. It can also be used in formal writing to express a critical perspective on a policy or decision.

語源

The term '不利' (bù lì) is a combination of two Chinese characters: '不' (bù), meaning 'not' or 'no', and '利' (lì), meaning 'benefit', 'advantage', 'profit', or 'sharp'. When combined, '不利' literally translates to 'not beneficial' or 'not advantageous'. The suffix '的' (de) is a common structural particle in Chinese that modifies nouns, creating an adjectival phrase. Therefore, '不利的' means 'of not beneficial' or 'that is not beneficial', effectively conveying the meaning of unfavorable, disadvantageous, or harmful. The character '不' (bù) is an ancient and fundamental negative particle in Chinese, dating back to oracle bone script. Its original form depicted a bird flying upwards and away, symbolizing cessation or negation. '利' (lì) also has a long history, appearing in ancient inscriptions. Its early forms often depicted a sharp tool or a grain cutting tool, signifying sharpness, cutting, and by extension, advantage or profit gained from such actions. Over time, both characters have retained their core meanings and are frequently used in various compounds to express negation and benefit/advantage, respectively. The combination '不利' has been in use for centuries, reflecting situations where circumstances are not conducive to a positive outcome. For instance, in ancient texts, one might find phrases like '处于不利之地' (chǔ yú bù lì zhī dì), meaning 'to be in a disadvantageous position', or '对…不利' (duì…bù lì), meaning 'unfavorable to…'. The adjective form '不利的' is a natural grammatical extension to describe things, situations, or conditions that possess this quality of being unfavorable or harmful.

文化的な背景

The term '不利的' (bù lì de) in Chinese carries a strong negative connotation, similar to 'unfavorable,' 'disadvantageous,' or 'harmful' in English. In Chinese culture, there is a strong emphasis on harmony, prosperity, and avoiding anything that might bring bad luck or negative outcomes. Therefore, something described as '不利的' is generally perceived as something to be avoided, mitigated, or overcome. This can apply to a wide range of situations, from business negotiations where certain conditions might be '不利的' to personal decisions that could have '不利的' consequences. The concept often intertwines with traditional beliefs about fortune and misfortune, where taking action that is 'unfavorable' might be seen as inviting bad luck or disrupting the natural order of things. It's a pragmatic term often used in decision-making processes.

覚え方のコツ

The first character '不' (bù) means 'no' or 'not', indicating a negative. The second character '利' (lì) means 'benefit' or 'advantage'. So, '不利' literally means 'no benefit' or 'not advantageous'.

よくある質問

4 問

'不利的' (bù lì de) in Chinese generally translates to 'unfavorable,' 'disadvantageous,' or 'harmful.' It describes situations, conditions, or outcomes that are not beneficial, or that actively cause detriment or difficulty. This adjective is widely used to express negativity or a lack of advantage in various contexts, from business and politics to personal health and weather conditions. Understanding its nuances is crucial for accurate comprehension of Chinese communication, as it often conveys a sense of impending difficulty or an undesirable state.

Certainly! '不利的' can be used in many ways. For instance, you might say '这种天气对农作物生长很不利' (Zhè zhǒng tiānqì duì nóngzuòwù shēngzhǎng hěn bù lì), meaning 'This kind of weather is very unfavorable for crop growth.' Another example could be '他发现自己处于一个非常不利的境地' (Tā fāxiàn zìjǐ chǔyú yīgè fēicháng bù lì de jìngdì), which translates to 'He found himself in a very disadvantageous situation.' Or, '这个决定可能对公司发展产生不利影响' (Zhège juédìng kěnéng duì gōngsī fāzhǎn chǎnshēng bù lì yǐngxiǎng), meaning 'This decision might have a harmful impact on the company's development.'

Yes, there are! For synonyms, you could consider words like '有害的' (yǒu hài de), meaning 'harmful,' or '有害无益的' (yǒu hài wú yì de), which means 'harmful and unbeneficial.' Another close term is '弊大于利的' (bì dà yú lì de), indicating that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. As for antonyms, '有利的' (yǒu lì de) is the direct opposite, meaning 'favorable' or 'advantageous.' Other antonyms include '有益的' (yǒu yì de), meaning 'beneficial,' and '有利可图的' (yǒu lì kě tú de), which implies 'profitable' or 'advantageous for gain.'

'不利的' is quite versatile and appears in various contexts. It's frequently used in discussions about business and economics, such as '不利的市场条件' (bù lì de shìchǎng tiáojiàn - unfavorable market conditions) or '不利的经济形势' (bù lì de jīngjì xíngshì - disadvantageous economic situation). In environmental or health discussions, you might hear about '不利的环境因素' (bù lì de huánjìng yīnsù - harmful environmental factors) or '对健康不利' (duì jiànkāng bù lì - harmful to health). Politically, it can describe '不利的国际局势' (bù lì de guójì júshì - unfavorable international situation). Generally, any scenario where circumstances are not conducive to a desired outcome would be a fitting context for '不利的.'

自分をテスト

fill blank

这家公司的财务状况看起来很____。

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

这种环境对植物的生长是____。

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

我们正面临一些____的挑战。

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

関連コンテンツ

この単語を他の言語で

adverse 英語 悪影響 日本語
役に立った？

コメント (0)

ログインしてコメント
まだコメントがありません。最初に考えをシェアしましょう！