Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'face up to' when someone finally stops avoiding a difficult truth and accepts it with courage.
- Always use 'up' and 'to' together; never say 'face to' or 'face up'.
- It is inseparable: the object must come after 'to' (e.g., 'face up to it').
- Follow 'to' with a noun or a gerund (-ing form), never a base verb.
Overview
face up to(직면하다) 하지는 않습니다.face up to 하는 것이죠. 이것은 책임의 무게를 담고 있는 '무거운' 동사입니다. '더 이상의 변명은 없다'는 의미의 동사라고 생각하세요.facing up to(직면하고 있는) 중인 것입니다. 자기계발서, 비즈니스 회의, 친구들과의 심야 대화에서 흔히 사용됩니다.face up to 할 수 없다면 성장할 수 없습니다. 또한 원어민처럼 들릴 수 있는 좋은 방법이기도 합니다.내 재정 상황에 face up to 해야 해라고 말해 보세요. 더 자연스럽고 정서적으로 울림이 있습니다. 다만 기쁜 일에는 사용하지 마세요.How This Grammar Works
face up to는 타동사이며 분리 불가능한 3단어 구동사입니다. 좀 더 자세히 살펴봅시다. '타동사'는 목적어가 필요하다는 뜻입니다.I faced up이라고만 말할 수는 없습니다. 반드시 무언가에 face up to 해야 합니다. '분리 불가능'은 파티의 단짝 친구들처럼 세 단어(face, up, to)가 항상 붙어 있어야 함을 의미합니다.I faced the truth up to라고 말할 수 없으며, 이는 마치 새로운 언어를 발명하려는 것처럼 들립니다. 항상
face + up + to + [명사/동명사]의 순서를 따릅니다.to)로 끝나기 때문에 그 뒤에 오는 동사는 반드시 -ing 형태(동명사)여야 합니다. 예를 들어, 듀오링고 연속 학습 기록을 깨뜨린 사실에 face up to 해야 해와 같습니다. 활용 면에서는 일반 동사처럼 작동합니다.faces, faced, is facing, has faced 등을 사용할 수 있습니다. up과 to는 절대 변하지 않으며 이 문구의 든든한 기둥입니다. 이 동사는 must, should, need to와 같은 조동사 뒤의 부정사로 자주 쓰입니다.Face up to it!)에서 보는 경우는 드문데, 상당히 공격적으로 들리기 때문입니다. 보통은 성찰이나 조언의 의미로 쓰입니다.
Formation Pattern
face를 추가합니다 (예: face, faces, faced).
up과 전치사 to를 붙입니다.
-ing)가 올 수 있습니다.
When To Use It
정부는 환경 위기에 face up to 해야 한다. 자기 성장을 위해 사용하세요. 나는 마침내 내가 요리를 정말 못한다는 사실에 faced up to 했다. 기술에 관해 사용하세요. 우리는 소셜 미디어에 얼마나 많은 시간을 낭비하는지 face up to 해야 한다. 인간관계에도 좋습니다.그는 관계가 끝났다는 사실에 face up to 하려 하지 않았다. 기본적으로 '현실 직시'가 포함된다면 바로 이 동사를 사용하면 됩니다. 스포츠 중계에서도 흔히 볼 수 있습니다. 팀이 챔피언십에서 패했을 때 코치는 우리는 오늘 우리의 경기력에 face up to 해야 한다라고 말할 수 있습니다.facing up to 하는 것은 사실 꽤 강력한 개념입니다. 이것은 '노 필터' 사진의 언어 버전입니다.
Common Mistakes
to를 빼먹는 것입니다. 학습자들은 종종 I need to face up the truth라고 말하는데, 이는 틀린 표현입니다. to가 없으면 의미가 사라져 버립니다. 또 다른 실수는 단순한 face와 혼동하는 것입니다. face the truth는 문법적으로 맞지만, face up to the truth는 내면의 갈등이라는 층위를 더해줍니다.
face는 주로 외부적인 것(도전에 맞서다)인 반면, face up to는 더 내면적인 것(보고 싶지 않았던 진실을 받아들이다)입니다. 긍정적인 일에는 사용하지 마세요. 내가 아름답다는 사실에 face up to 해야 해라고 말하면 아름다운 것이 끔찍한 짐이라고 생각하는 것처럼 들려 약간 가식적으로 보일 수 있습니다. 또한 동명사 규칙을 기억하세요. She faced up to lose her job이라고 하지 마세요. She faced up to losing her job이어야 합니다. 여기서 to는 전치사이지 부정사의 일부가 아닙니다. 부정사처럼 취급하면 초보자처럼 들릴 수 있고, C1 수준에서는 그럴 수 없죠!Contrast With Similar Patterns
Face up tovs.Accept:Accept는 일반적인 용어입니다.Face up to는 이전에 부인이나 회피가 있었음을 암시합니다. 선물은accept(받아들이다)하고, 실수는face up to(직면하다)합니다.Face up tovs.Deal with:Face up to는 정신적인 수용입니다.Deal with는 그것을 해결하기 위한 물리적인 행동입니다. 차가 고장 났다는 사실에face up to하고, 그 후 정비사와deal with(대처하다)합니다.Face up tovs.Confront:Confront는 더 공격적이며 종종 두 사람이 관련됩니다. 거짓말쟁이에게confront(맞서다)하고, 자신의 거짓말에face up to(직면하다)합니다.Face up tovs.Own up to:Own up to는 특히 자신이 잘못한 것을 인정할 때(자백하다) 사용됩니다.Face up to는 자신이 원인이든 아니든 상황의 현실을 받아들이는 것입니다.
Quick FAQ
face up to는 격식 있는 표현인가요?
중립적이거나 반격식적입니다. 에세이나 상사와의 대화에서 사용할 수 있습니다.
남동생에게
Face up to it!(현실을 직시해!)이라고 말해도 되나요?
네, 하지만 꾸짖는 것처럼 들립니다. 상당히 직설적입니다.
항상 부정적인 일에만 써야 하나요?
거의 그렇습니다. 인정하기 어려운 일에 사용됩니다.
face up to와 face up의 차이점은 무엇인가요?
현대 영어에서 face up은 주로 카드 놀이에서 카드가 앞면을 향하고 있을 때 쓰입니다. '현실을 받아들이다'라는 의미를 위해서는 반드시 to를 포함해야 합니다.
Conjugating 'Face up to'
| Tense | Subject | Form | Object Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Present Simple
|
I / You / We / They
|
face up to
|
the truth
|
|
Present Simple
|
He / She / It
|
faces up to
|
the truth
|
|
Past Simple
|
All subjects
|
faced up to
|
the reality
|
|
Present Continuous
|
I
|
am facing up to
|
the facts
|
|
Present Continuous
|
He / She / It
|
is facing up to
|
the facts
|
|
Present Perfect
|
I / You / We / They
|
have faced up to
|
my mistakes
|
|
Future (Will)
|
All subjects
|
will face up to
|
the challenge
|
|
Gerund Form
|
N/A
|
facing up to
|
the situation
|
Contractions with 'Face up to'
| Type | Full Form | Contracted Form |
|---|---|---|
|
Negative Present
|
I do not face up to
|
I don't face up to
|
|
Negative Past
|
She did not face up to
|
She didn't face up to
|
|
Future Negative
|
They will not face up to
|
They won't face up to
|
|
Modal Negative
|
We cannot face up to
|
We can't face up to
|
Meanings
To accept that a difficult or unpleasant situation exists, especially when you have been avoiding it or pretending it isn't true.
Accepting Truth
Acknowledging a reality that is painful or inconvenient.
“You need to face up to the truth about your health.”
“She couldn't face up to the reality of the situation.”
Taking Responsibility
Accepting the consequences of one's actions or duties.
“It's time you faced up to your responsibilities as a parent.”
“The company must face up to its role in the environmental crisis.”
Confronting Challenges
Preparing oneself to deal with a looming difficulty.
“We must face up to the challenges of climate change.”
“The team is facing up to a difficult season ahead.”
Reference Table
| 구조 | 의미 | 예시 (영어) | 예시 (한국어) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Verb + up to + Noun
|
Accept unpleasant truth/consequence
|
You must face up to your mistakes.
|
당신은 당신의 실수를 직시해야 합니다.
|
|
Verb + up to + Gerund
|
Accept an unpleasant action/situation
|
They faced up to losing the game.
|
그들은 경기에 진 것을 받아들여야 했습니다.
|
|
Verb + up to + Pronoun
|
Accept it/them (unpleasant)
|
It's hard, but I'll face up to it.
|
어렵지만, 저는 그것을 받아들일 거예요.
|
|
Common: `face up to the fact that...`
|
Acknowledge a specific difficult fact
|
She faced up to the fact that she was wrong.
|
그녀는 자신이 틀렸다는 사실을 인정했습니다.
|
|
Don't separate (inseparable)
|
Maintain word order
|
She faced up to the challenge.
|
그녀는 도전에 정면으로 맞섰습니다.
|
|
Used for difficult/negative things
|
Not for positives or trivialities
|
He faced up to bankruptcy.
|
그는 파산에 직면했습니다.
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
The department must face up to the fact that the initiative has not met its objectives. (Workplace)
We need to face up to the project's failure. (Workplace)
We've gotta face up to it—the project's a bust. (Workplace)
Time to face up, guys; this thing is dead in the water. (Workplace)
'Face Up To'의 세계
핵심 의미
- Acknowledge 존재를 인지하다
- Accept 진실하거나 유효하다고 받아들이다
- Confront 어려운 것을 다루다
- Responsibility 무언가를 처리할 의무
일반적인 목적어
- Truth 불쾌한 사실
- Consequences 행동의 결과
- Mistakes 판단/행동의 오류
- Reality 실제로 존재하는 세상
- Problems 어려운 도전
- Fact 정보 조각
주요 특징
- Inseparable 단어들이 항상 함께 유지됨
- Transitive 목적어가 필요함
- Figurative 문자 그대로의 '직면'이 아님
- C1 Level 고급 사용
'Face Up To' vs. 유사 구문
'Face Up To'를 사용해야 할까?
당신이 이야기하는 현실이 불쾌하거나, 어렵거나, 도전적인가요?
이 현실을 (단순히 관리하는 것이 아니라) 인지하고 *수용*하는 행위를 강조하고 있나요?
문장이 '주어 + face(s) up to + 명사/동명사/대명사' 구조인가요?
'Face Up To'해야 할 것들
개인적인 도전
- • 당신의 실수
- • 당신의 두려움
- • 개인적인 결점
- • 나쁜 습관
- • 자신에 대한 어려운 진실
외부 현실
- • 경제 침체
- • 나쁜 평가
- • 사랑하는 사람을 잃는 것
- • 지구 온난화
- • 취업 거절
책임과 결과
- • 프로젝트 실패
- • 재정적 부채
- • 법적 결과
- • 부모의 의무
- • 인기 없는 결정
수준별 예문
I face up to the problem.
I accept the problem.
She faces up to her mistakes.
She accepts her mistakes.
Do you face up to the truth?
Do you accept the truth?
He does not face up to it.
He does not accept it.
You must face up to your homework.
You must accept you have homework.
They faced up to the loss.
They accepted the loss.
We are facing up to the news.
We are accepting the news.
She didn't face up to the bill.
She didn't accept the bill.
It's time to face up to your responsibilities.
It's time to accept your duties.
He is finally facing up to his drinking problem.
He is finally admitting he has a problem.
I can't face up to going back to work.
I can't accept the idea of going back.
Have you faced up to the fact that she's gone?
Have you accepted that she left?
The government needs to face up to the housing crisis.
The government must acknowledge the crisis.
Facing up to failure is part of the learning process.
Accepting failure helps you learn.
She had to face up to being wrong in front of everyone.
She had to accept being wrong publicly.
They haven't yet faced up to the consequences of their actions.
They haven't accepted the results of what they did.
We must face up to the harsh reality of the economic downturn.
We must accept the difficult economic situation.
Few people are willing to face up to their own prejudices.
Few people admit their biases.
The industry is finally facing up to its carbon footprint.
The industry is acknowledging its environmental impact.
He struggled to face up to the inevitability of his retirement.
He found it hard to accept he had to retire.
The protagonist's failure to face up to his hubris leads to the tragedy.
His refusal to accept his pride causes the disaster.
Society must face up to the ethical implications of AI development.
Society must acknowledge the moral issues of AI.
There is a profound difference between merely facing a crisis and facing up to it.
Encountering a crisis is different from acknowledging its depth.
The administration is being forced to face up to the systemic inequities it ignored.
They are forced to admit the unfair systems.
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners use 'face up to' for simple physical directions or simple encounters.
'Faced with' is passive/situational; 'face up to' is active/psychological.
'Face up' (without 'to') usually refers to the position of an object (like a playing card).
자주 하는 실수
I face up the truth.
I face up to the truth.
He face up to it.
He faces up to it.
Face up to the truth!
Face up to the truth!
I face to the problem.
I face up to the problem.
She faced up to go.
She faced up to going.
They face up to it not.
They don't face up to it.
Face the truth up to.
Face up to the truth.
I'm facing up to the fact to be late.
I'm facing up to the fact that I'm late.
He faced up to his mistakes yesterday.
He faced up to his mistakes yesterday.
We must face up to the realitys.
We must face up to the realities.
The reality was faced up to by him.
He faced up to the reality.
He faced up to have been wrong.
He faced up to having been wrong.
She faced up to the fact of her failure.
She faced up to her failure.
They faced up to the challenge's difficulty.
They faced up to the difficulty of the challenge.
문장 패턴
It's time you faced up to ___.
He is struggling to face up to ___.
Unless we face up to ___, we will never solve the problem.
I can't face up to ___ right now.
Real World Usage
I had to face up to the fact that my previous strategy wasn't working.
We need to face up to our problems instead of ignoring them.
The nation must face up to the reality of the energy crisis.
It's time for certain influencers to face up to their problematic pasts.
You have to face up to the fact that you need surgery.
Facing up to your debt is the first step to financial freedom.
절대 떨어지지 않는 삼총사
I had to face up to my mistakes.
긍정적인 상황에는 사용 NO!
He had to face up to the consequences of his actions.
인정하는 행위 강조!
She finally faced up to the fact that her relationship was over.
업무와 개인 생활 모두 OK
The company must face up to its declining market share.
동명사의 힘!
I need to face up to studying for the exam.
Smart Tips
Try replacing 'accept' with 'face up to' to sound more like a native speaker.
Always check if the next word should be an -ing verb. 90% of the time, it should be.
Add the adjective 'harsh' before 'reality'. It's a very common collocation.
Use 'face up to the fact that' to introduce a complex idea or clause.
발음
Linking
The 'p' in 'up' often links to the 't' in 'to', sounding like 'up-tuh'.
Stress
The primary stress is on the verb 'face', but 'up' receives a secondary stress. 'To' is usually unstressed (schwa).
Falling intonation
You need to face up to the TRUTH. ↘
Conveys a sense of finality and seriousness.
암기하기
기억법
FACE the truth, stand UP tall, and go TO the reality.
시각적 연상
Imagine a person standing at the edge of a dark forest (the problem). Instead of turning around and running, they look 'UP' at the tall trees and walk 'TO' them. They are no longer hiding.
Rhyme
Don't hide or run away, face up to the truth today.
Story
John lost his job but told his wife he was still working. Every morning he went to the park. Finally, he couldn't live the lie anymore. He went home and faced up to the truth. He admitted he was unemployed, and they made a plan together.
Word Web
챌린지
Write down one thing you have been procrastinating or avoiding. Now, write a sentence: 'I need to face up to...' and finish it with that task.
문화 노트
Commonly used in political debates to demand 'stiff upper lip' accountability.
Often associated with 'self-help' culture and personal growth narratives.
Used as a 'soft' way to discuss failure without using the word 'fail'.
The verb 'face' comes from the Old French 'face' (countenance/front), which derives from Latin 'facies'.
대화 시작하기
What is a difficult truth that society needs to face up to?
Have you ever had to face up to a big mistake at work?
Is it harder to face up to your own flaws or the flaws of others?
When was the last time you faced up to a fear?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
He needs to ___ his financial problems before they get worse.
Find and fix the mistake:
She faced up the truth eventually.
Translate into English: 'Ella tuvo que aceptar las consecuencias de sus acciones.'
Answer starts with: ["S...
face up to the consequences로 완벽하게 표현됩니다.Which sentence is correct?
Score: /4
연습 문제
8 exercisesHe finally faced ___ ___ the truth about his health.
You need to face up to ___ more responsibility.
Find and fix the mistake:
She faced the reality up to.
He finally accepted that he was wrong.
You can use 'face up to' for positive surprises like winning the lottery.
A: I think I'm failing the class. B: Well, you need to ___ and start studying.
Select the valid object.
Face up to
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesIt took him a long time to `face up ___` his chronic procrastination.
The company faced up with their declining sales figures.
Translate into English: 'Es hora de que afrontemos nuestros miedos.'
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the sentence fragments.
It's important to `face up ___` the difficult decisions we've made.
They couldn't face the harsh facts up to.
Select the correct option:
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Translate into English: 'Tuvimos que aceptar la dolorosa verdad.'
Match the situations with their corresponding realities.
Score: /12
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
'Face' is neutral and means to encounter or look at. 'Face up to' implies you were avoiding something and now you are bravely accepting it.
Yes, if 'he' represents a difficult reality or person you've been avoiding. E.g., 'You need to face up to your boss and tell him the truth.'
It is neutral. It's perfectly fine in a business report or a casual conversation with a friend.
No. It is an inseparable phrasal verb. The particles 'up to' must stay together.
No. Use 'to' + gerund (-ing) or a noun. E.g., 'face up to losing', not 'face up to lose'.
Rarely. It almost always refers to something unpleasant, difficult, or challenging.
Synonyms include 'acknowledge', 'accept', 'confront', and 'admit'.
Technically yes ('The truth must be faced up to'), but it is much more common in the active voice.
Scaffolded Practice
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2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Hacer frente a / Enfrentarse a
English uses the particle 'up' to add psychological depth.
Faire face à / Se rendre à l'évidence
French uses a reflexive verb for the 'acceptance' nuance.
Sich einer Sache stellen
German is reflexive ('sich'), whereas English is not.
現実を直視する (Genjitsu o chokushi suru)
Japanese uses a formal Sino-Japanese compound (Kanji) for this advanced concept.
واجه الأمر (Wajaha al-amr)
Arabic relies on additional verbs rather than particles like 'up'.
面对 (Miànduì) / 正视 (Zhèngshì)
Chinese has no prepositions like 'to' or particles like 'up' in this context.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
관련 동영상
Related Grammar Rules
시간 전치사: in, on, at 완벽 가이드
Overview 오후 5시에 도착하겠다는 문자를 보낼 때 `in` 5 PM이라고 썼다가 당황한 이모티콘을 받은 적 있나요? 영어에서 작은...
구동사: Take off (벗다 & 이륙하다)
### Overview 영어 학습을 하다 보면 가장 먼저 마주치는 벽 중 하나가 바로 '구동사(Phrasal Verbs)'입니다. 한국어는 '벗다',...
잠깐만! 'Hold on' 사용하기
### Overview 영어를 배우는 한국인 학습자들에게 `hold on`은 단순히 '기다리다'라는 의미 이상의 뉘앙스를 가진 아주 매력적...
차려입기: 정장 및 의상 (Dress up)
### Overview 영어를 배우다 보면 단순히 '옷을 입다'라는 행위를 넘어서, 그 행위 뒤에 숨겨진 '의도'나 '목적'을 표현해야 할...
영어 구동사: 초보자 가이드
### Overview 영어 학습을 하면서 가장 당혹스러운 부분 중 하나가 바로 `Phrasal Verbs`(구동사)입니다. 한국어와 영어의 가장...
