A2 verb Standard #50 最常用 2分钟阅读

来ます (来る)

To move from a distant place toward the speaker or a designated location.

/kɯ.ɾɯ/
Practice it

Kuru signifies movement towards a destination or the arrival of something.

30秒词汇

  • Means movement towards the speaker or a point.
  • Can indicate arrival of time or state.
  • Essential verb for daily communication.
来る (kuru) is an irregular verb, which means its conjugation patterns deviate from the standard Godan or Ichidan verbs. The plain form is 来る (kuru), and the polite ます form is 来ます (kimasu). Other important forms include its negative (来ない - konai), past plain (来た - kita), past polite (来ました - kimashita), and the imperative (来い - koi). Mastering these irregular forms is crucial for natural communication, as 'to come' is a frequently used verb in daily conversations. Pay close attention to its unique stem changes.
The fundamental difference between 来る (kuru - to come) and 行く (iku - to go) lies in the perspective of the speaker. 来る indicates movement towards the speaker's location or a location from the speaker's viewpoint. 行く, on the other hand, signifies movement away from the speaker's location. For instance, if you are at home and someone is traveling towards your home, you would use 来る. If you are leaving your home to go somewhere else, you would use 行く. This distinction is vital for accurate expression.
来る is used in many idiomatic expressions. For example, '～て来る' (te kuru) often indicates an action that started elsewhere and continued until the speaker's current location, or an action that is ongoing and progressing towards the present. It can also imply a gradual change. Another common use is in phrases like '来る年' (kuru toshi - next year) or '来るべき' (kuru beki - impending/should come). Understanding these fixed expressions enhances fluency.

Fun Fact

The kanji 来 is quite versatile; it can mean 'to come', 'next', or even be used as a counter for weeks or months in some contexts, showcasing its deep integration into the Japanese linguistic fabric.

例句

1

{彼|かれ}は{明日|あした}、{東京|とうきょう}に{来|き}ます。

Speaking about someone's travel plans.

He is coming to Tokyo tomorrow.

2

{誰|だれ}か{来|き}たよ！

Hearing a knock on the door.

Someone came!

3

{夏|なつ}が{来|き}たら、{海|うみ}に{行|い}きたいです。

Talking about seasonal plans.

When summer comes, I want to go to the beach.

4

{彼女|かのじょ}は{毎日|まいにち}、{会社|かいしゃ}に{歩|ある}いて{来|き}ます。

Describing someone's daily commute.

She comes to the office by walking every day.

常见搭配

{家|いえ}に{来|く}る to come home
{持|も}って{来|く}る to bring (something)
{時間|じかん}が{来|く}る time comes (up)
{〜て{来|く}る} to start to V; to continue to V

常用短语

また来てください

Please come again.

もうすぐ来ます

It will arrive soon. / I'll be there soon.

来週

next week

容易混淆的词

来ます (来る) vs 行く (iku)

'Iku' means 'to go', indicating movement away from the speaker. 'Kuru' means 'to come', indicating movement towards the speaker.

来ます (来る) vs 帰る (kaeru)

'Kaeru' specifically means 'to return' or 'to go home'. While it involves movement, it has a distinct meaning of returning to a place of origin.

语法模式

Noun + に/へ 来る (e.g., 学校に来る - Gakkou ni/e kuru) Te-form + 来る (e.g., やって来る - Yatte kuru) Noun + が 来る (e.g., 春が来る - Haru ga kuru)

How to Use It

使用说明

The verb 'kuru' is fundamental and used extensively in daily conversation. Its plain form is informal, while polite forms like 'irassharu' are essential for respectful interactions. Pay attention to the context to understand if it refers to physical movement or the arrival of an abstract concept.

常见错误

Learners often confuse 'kuru' (to come) with 'iku' (to go). Always consider the speaker's perspective: if the movement is towards the speaker, use 'kuru'. Using the plain form 'kuru' in formal situations or with superiors is a common mistake; use polite forms instead.

Tips

💡

Direction is Key

Remember 'kuru' is about movement towards the speaker or a reference point. Contrast this with 'iku' (to go).

⚠️

Polite Forms Matter

Using the plain form 'kuru' with superiors can be impolite. Learn and use 'irassharu' for respect.

🌍

Sense of Arrival

The concept of 'coming' extends beyond physical movement, encompassing the arrival of opportunities, seasons, or significant moments in life.

词源

From Old Japanese 来 (ku), which developed into the modern form. It is one of the most ancient and fundamental verbs in the Japanese language, denoting movement towards a reference point.

文化背景

In Japanese culture, the act of 'coming' (kuru) can imply hospitality and welcoming. Inviting someone to 'come' to your home or event is a common gesture of building relationships and showing consideration.

记忆技巧

Imagine a boomerang: it always comes back to you. 'Kuru' is like that boomerang – movement towards the origin point.

常见问题

4 个问题

「来る」の丁寧な形は「いらっしゃる」です。目上の人やお客様に対して使います。例：「先生がいらっしゃいました。」

「来る」は話し手の方へ移動すること、「いく」は話し手から離れていく方向への移動を表します。どちらを使うかは、話し手と聞き手の位置関係や意識する場所によって決まります。

はい、使えます。季節（例：「夏が来る」）、時間（例：「その時が来た」）、出来事（例：「チャンスが来た」）など、様々なものが「来る」と表現できます。

「来る」の過去形は「来た（きた）」です。例：「昨日、友達が来た。」

自我测试

fill blank

明日、田中さんが私 ___ 来ます。

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案： に

「～に」は、到着する場所や人を表すのに使われます。「田中さんが私に来ます」は、田中さんが話し手（私）のところへ来るという意味です。

multiple choice

「もうすぐクリスマスが来るね！」

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案： 季節やイベントが近づいていること

この文脈では、クリスマスというイベントが時間的に近づいていることを表しています。

sentence building

私、家、明日、来る、友達

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案： 友達、明日、家、私、来る

「友達が明日、私の家に来ます」という文が完成します。主語（友達）、時（明日）、場所（家）、そして動詞（来る）の順序が自然です。

得分： /3

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