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B1 noun #4,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 9 دقيقة للقراءة

役目

الأكثر شيوعاً #4,000

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 役目 في 30 ثانية

الشرح 役目 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn Japanese. Think of 'yakume' as a very specific kind of 'job' or 'part.' While you might usually use 'shigoto' for work, 'yakume' is used when someone tells you, 'This is your job for today.' For example, if you are helping a friend clean their house, and they say, 'You clean the windows,' that is your 'yakume.' It is a simple word for a specific task. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet. Just remember that it means 'my task' or 'my duty.' You will mostly see it in the pattern 'Person no yakume' (Person's duty). For example, 'Watashi no yakume' (My duty). It is a good word to know for when you want to be helpful in a group. In simple stories, heroes often have a 'yakume' to help people. It is like having a special mission. Even a small child can have a 'yakume,' like putting away their toys. It is a very positive word that shows you are an important part of the group.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you can start using 'yakume' to describe roles in your daily life or at school. You might have a 'yakume' in a group project, like being the one who draws the pictures or the one who presents the ideas. You can use the sentence structure '[Action] koto ga yakume desu' (Doing [Action] is my duty). For instance, 'Ryouri o tsukuru koto ga watashi no yakume desu' (Making food is my duty). This level is about connecting the word to specific actions. You will also notice that 'yakume' is different from 'shigoto.' 'Shigoto' is what you do every day to earn money, but 'yakume' can be a one-time thing or a special responsibility. If you are a student, your 'shigoto' is studying, but your 'yakume' in the classroom might be to clean the blackboard. You can also use it for objects. A key's 'yakume' is to open a door. If the key is broken, it cannot do its 'yakume.' This helps you describe why things are useful or why they are broken.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

As a B1 learner, you should understand the nuance of 'yakume' as an assigned responsibility within a social or professional structure. It is no longer just a 'task'; it is a 'duty' that comes with your position. You should be able to use verbs like 'hatasu' (to fulfill) or 'oeru' (to finish) with 'yakume.' For example, 'Kare wa yakume o hatashita' (He fulfilled his duty). This level requires you to distinguish 'yakume' from 'yakuwari' (role). While they are similar, 'yakume' feels more like an obligation you must carry out, whereas 'yakuwari' is about how you fit into a team's division of labor. You might hear this word in an office when a manager explains what they expect from you. It is also common in discussions about social responsibilities, like the 'yakume' of a citizen or a parent. You should be comfortable using it in both formal and semi-formal contexts. It is a key word for discussing accountability and expectation in Japanese society.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'yakume' in more abstract and complex discussions. You might talk about the 'yakume' of technology in modern society or the 'yakume' of art in culture. The word becomes a tool for analyzing the function and purpose of various entities. You should also be familiar with more advanced collocations, such as 'yakume o oshitsukeru' (to force a duty onto someone) or 'yakume o nizuru' (to be assigned a duty). You can use it to express feelings of pressure or pride. For example, 'Juuyou na yakume o makasarete, kinchou shite iru' (I am nervous because I was entrusted with an important duty). At this level, you should also understand the personification of objects using 'yakume,' such as saying an old machine has 'finished its duty' (yakume o oeta) before it is retired. This shows a deeper cultural understanding of how Japanese people view the utility and 'life' of the things around them. Your usage should reflect a balance between professional obligation and social expectation.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, you are expected to understand the historical and cultural weight of 'yakume.' This involves recognizing its use in literature and historical contexts, such as the rigid duties of the samurai class or the administrative functions in the Edo period. You should be able to discuss the philosophical implications of 'yakume'—how it relates to one's identity and sense of self within the Japanese collective. You might encounter the word in academic papers discussing sociology or political science, where the 'yakume' of different branches of government is analyzed. Your ability to use synonyms like 'ninmu,' 'shokumu,' and 'sekimu' with precision is crucial. For instance, you should know that 'shokumu' is strictly professional, while 'yakume' can be personal or social. You can use 'yakume' to describe complex interpersonal dynamics, such as the unspoken duties within a family hierarchy. Your speech and writing should reflect the subtle gravity the word carries, using it to discuss the essential purposes of institutions and the moral weight of individual responsibilities.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, your mastery of 'yakume' should be indistinguishable from a native speaker's. you understand the most subtle nuances, such as when 'yakume' is used with a hint of irony, sarcasm, or profound pathos. You can appreciate its use in high-level literature where a character's 'yakume' might conflict with their personal desires, creating a central theme of the narrative. You are aware of archaic or highly specialized compounds involving 'yaku' and 'me.' You can use the word to navigate the most delicate social situations, perhaps using it to politely decline a request by explaining it falls outside your 'yakume' or to graciously accept a heavy burden. You understand how the concept of 'yakume' underpins the Japanese concept of 'giri' (social obligation) and 'on' (indebtedness). Whether you are writing a legal brief, a philosophical essay, or a screenplay, you use 'yakume' to perfectly capture the intersection of function, duty, and destiny. You recognize how the word's meaning has evolved from physical service to a broader, more abstract sense of purpose in the modern world.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

役目 في 30 ثانية

Yakume means duty or role assigned to a person or thing.
It emphasizes obligation and functional purpose within a system.
Commonly used in work, family, and functional contexts for objects.
Often paired with verbs like 'hatasu' (fulfill) and 'oeru' (finish).

The Japanese word 役目 (yakume) is a fundamental noun that translates most directly to 'duty,' 'role,' or 'function.' It is composed of two kanji: 役 (yaku), which refers to service, a role, or an office, and 目 (me), which here indicates an item, a point, or an ordinal suffix. Together, they describe a specific responsibility that has been assigned to someone or something. Unlike a general 'job' (shigoto), yakume carries the weight of an obligation or a functional necessity. It is the specific thing you are expected to achieve or the part you play in a larger system. Whether you are a parent, a student, a cog in a corporate machine, or even a piece of equipment, your yakume is the purpose for which you exist in that context.

Professional Context: In a workplace, your yakume is your specific assignment. If you are a leader, your duty is to guide the team. If you are a coder, your duty is to write clean code.
Functional Context: Objects have a yakume too. A lighthouse's duty is to warn ships. If it breaks, it can no longer fulfill its yakume.
Social Context: Social roles like being a 'best man' at a wedding or a 'mediator' in a conflict are described using this term.

親としての役目を果たすことは、時に難しい。
(Oya to shite no yakume o hatasu koto wa, toki ni muzukashii.)
Fulfilling one's duty as a parent is sometimes difficult.

古い時計がその役目を終えた。
(Furui tokei ga sono yakume o oeta.)
The old clock has finished its service (role).

The word is versatile. It can be heavy and serious, like a soldier's duty, or mundane, like a kitchen utensil's function. When you use yakume, you are highlighting the relationship between an entity and its intended purpose. It is a word about expectations and fulfillment. In Japanese culture, where social roles are clearly defined, understanding your yakume is essential for harmony (wa). If everyone performs their yakume, the society functions smoothly. Conversely, neglecting one's yakume is often seen as a significant failure of character or reliability.

Common Verbs used with Yakume: 果たす (hatasu - to fulfill), 終える (oeru - to finish), 忘れる (wasureru - to forget), 押し付ける (oshitsukeru - to force onto someone).

君の役目は、客を案内することだ。
(Kimi no yakume wa, kyaku o annai suru koto da.)
Your duty is to guide the guests.

Using 役目 (yakume) correctly requires understanding how it fits into different grammatical structures. Most commonly, it acts as a subject or an object in a sentence. It is frequently preceded by a possessive particle no to indicate who the duty belongs to, such as 'my duty' (watashi no yakume) or 'the leader's role' (riidaa no yakume). Because it is a noun, it can also be modified by adjectives or relative clauses to specify what kind of duty it is. For example, 'important duty' (juuyou na yakume) or 'the duty that was given' (ataerareta yakume).

Structure: [Person] + の + 役目: This is the most standard way to assign responsibility. 'It is your duty' becomes 'Kimi no yakume da.'
Structure: [Verb/Action] + のが + [Person] + の役目だ: This explains exactly what the duty consists of. 'Protecting the children is the parents' duty' (Kodomo o mamoru no ga oya no yakume da).

彼は自分に与えられた役目を立派に果たした。
(Kare wa jibun ni ataerareta yakume o rippa ni hatashita.)
He splendidly fulfilled the duty given to him.

When talking about inanimate objects, yakume refers to their function. If a computer is old and can no longer run modern software, you might say its yakume is over. This gives a somewhat poetic or personified feel to objects, suggesting they had a purpose for existing. In formal writing, yakume is used to define official capacities. In legal or administrative texts, it might specify the yakume of a specific government office or officer.

この道具の役目は何ですか？
(Kono dougu no yakume wa nan desu ka?)
What is the function of this tool?

You will also see yakume in compound phrases. For instance, 'yakume-bun' refers to the portion of work or responsibility assigned to one person. 'Yakume-shiki' could refer to a ceremony related to assuming a post. Understanding these patterns helps you transition from basic Japanese to more nuanced, natural-sounding sentences. In everyday conversation, it is often used when someone feels a sense of burden or, conversely, a sense of pride in their contribution to a group effort.

それは僕の役目じゃない。
(Sore wa boku no yakume janai.)
That is not my duty / That's not my job (to do).

You will encounter 役目 (yakume) in a variety of settings, ranging from the highly formal to the surprisingly casual. In the business world, managers often use this word when assigning tasks during meetings. Instead of just saying 'do this,' they might say, 'This is your yakume for this project,' which emphasizes the importance of the individual's contribution to the team's success. It creates a sense of accountability. You'll also hear it in political speeches or news reports when discussing the responsibilities of public figures or institutions.

Anime and Manga: Heroic characters often talk about their yakume. 'I must fulfill my duty to protect this village!' (Kono mura o mamoru yakume o hatasanakereba!). It adds a dramatic, noble flair to their dialogue.
News and Media: When a new policy is introduced, commentators might discuss the yakume of the government in supporting the elderly or improving the economy.

警察の役目は市民の安全を守ることだ。
(Keisatsu no yakume wa shimin no anzen o mamoru koto da.)
The duty of the police is to protect the safety of the citizens.

In family life, parents might use it when teaching children about chores. 'Setting the table is your yakume today.' This helps instill a sense of belonging and responsibility in children. Interestingly, you will also hear it in historical dramas (Jidaigeki). Samurais were defined by their yakume to their lord. In these contexts, the word is spoken with great gravity, as failing one's yakume often meant disgrace or death.

リーダーとしての役目を忘れないでください。
(Riidaa to shite no yakume o wasurenaide kudasai.)
Please do not forget your duty as a leader.

Finally, in sports, coaches use yakume to describe specific tactical roles. A 'pinch hitter' has a very specific yakume: to get a hit in a high-pressure situation. By using this word, the coach emphasizes that the player doesn't need to do everything—they just need to do their specific part perfectly. This focus on 'part-to-whole' relationships is a key aspect of Japanese social dynamics.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 役目 (yakume) with 役割 (yakuwari). While they are very similar and often used as synonyms, there is a subtle difference in nuance. Yakuwari refers to the 'role' or 'part' one plays within a division of labor or a play. It is more about the 'slot' you fill. Yakume, on the other hand, emphasizes the 'duty' or 'responsibility' attached to that role. If you say 'yakume,' you are focusing on the obligation to perform. If you say 'yakuwari,' you are focusing on how you fit into the team structure.

Confusing with 仕事 (Shigoto): Learners often use shigoto when they should use yakume. Shigoto is your job or occupation. Yakume is a specific task or moral obligation within or outside that job.
Improper Particle Usage: Using 'yakume o suru' (to do a duty) is less natural than 'yakume o hatasu' (to fulfill a duty). Always pair it with the right verb.

❌ 私は新しい役目をした。
✅ 私は新しい役目を果たした。
(I fulfilled my new duty.)

Another mistake is using yakume for personal hobbies or casual actions. You wouldn't usually say 'My duty is to play video games' unless you are a professional game tester and it is literally your assigned responsibility. Using yakume for something purely for pleasure can sound sarcastic or overly dramatic. Be careful with the gravity of the word. It implies that someone else (or society, or fate) has placed this expectation upon you.

❌ 役目として映画を見た。
✅ 趣味として映画を見た。
(I watched the movie as a hobby, not as a duty.)

Lastly, don't forget that yakume is a noun. Beginners sometimes try to use it as a verb directly. Unlike 'shigoto suru' (to work), you cannot say 'yakume suru.' You must use a supporting verb like 'hatasu' (fulfill), 'tsutomeru' (serve as), or simply 'da' (is). Keeping these distinctions in mind will help you sound much more like a native speaker and avoid confusing your listeners.

Japanese has many words for 'duty' and 'role,' and choosing the right one depends on the level of formality and the specific nature of the responsibility. 役目 (yakume) is a great all-rounder, but sometimes other words are more precise. Understanding these synonyms will elevate your Japanese vocabulary from basic to intermediate and beyond.

役割 (Yakuwari): Emphasis: Role/Part. Use this when discussing how different people contribute to a single goal. 'Everyone has a role to play.'
任務 (Ninmu): Emphasis: Mission/Task. Often used in military, police, or high-stakes business contexts. It sounds more temporary and objective-oriented than yakume.
義務 (Gimu): Emphasis: Legal or Moral Obligation. Use this for things like 'compulsory education' or 'paying taxes.' It is much stronger and less flexible than yakume.
職務 (Shokumu): Emphasis: Professional Duties. This is strictly for the tasks associated with your official job description in a company or government office.

彼は任務を遂行した。
(Kare wa ninmu o suikou shita.)
He executed the mission.

Comparing these words: Gimu is something you *must* do by law. Yakume is something you are *expected* to do because of your position. Ninmu is a specific *assignment*. For example, a soldier's gimu is to serve the country, his yakume is to be a scout, and his current ninmu is to watch the north gate tonight. Seeing how these words nest within each other provides a clear picture of Japanese social structure.

教育は親の義務である。
(Kyouiku wa oya no gimu de aru.)
Education is a parent's obligation (legal/moral).

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

In the Edo period, 'yakume' specifically referred to the official duties of a samurai in service to their daimyo. Failing these duties was a matter of life and death.

دليل النطق

UK /ˈjæk.uː.meɪ/

US /ˈjɑː.kuː.meɪ/

Japanese has pitch accent rather than stress. In 'yakume', the accent is 'Heiban' (Flat), meaning the pitch starts low and stays high.

يتقافى مع

akume (bad dream) tokumei (pseudonym) shukumei (destiny) kakumei (revolution) unmei (fate) seimei (life) taimei (royal command) shimei (mission)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'me' like the English word 'me'. It should be 'meh'.
Stressing the first syllable too hard.
Vowel lengthening (don't say 'yaakuume').
Confusing the 'u' sound with 'oo' in 'food'. It is shorter, like 'put'.
Nasalizing the 'n' if followed by a consonant (not applicable here, but common in JP).

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

The kanji are common but require knowledge of the 'yaku' reading.

الكتابة 4/5

The kanji for 'yaku' (役) has several strokes and can be tricky for beginners.

التحدث 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward with no difficult clusters.

الاستماع 2/5

The word is distinct and easy to hear in context.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

仕事 (shigoto) 人 (hito) する (suru) 何 (nani) 自分 (jibun)

تعلّم لاحقاً

役割 (yakuwari) 任務 (ninmu) 義務 (gimu) 責任 (sekinin) 果たす (hatasu)

متقدم

職務質問 (shokumushitsumon) 勧善懲悪 (kanzenchouaku) 切腹 (seppuku - historical context of duty) 奉公 (houkou) 使命感 (shimeikan)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Nominalization with 'koto'

守ることが役目です。

Possessive particle 'no'

私の役目。

Passive voice for assignment

役目を任された。

Potential form for ability to perform

役目を果たせる。

Causative form for making someone do a duty

役目を果たさせる。

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

これは私の役目です。

This is my duty.

Simple A is B structure using the particle 'no' for possession.

あなたの役目は何ですか？

What is your duty?

Question form using 'nan desu ka'.

掃除は僕の役目だ。

Cleaning is my duty.

Noun + wa + Noun + da (informal copula).

役目を忘れないで。

Don't forget your duty.

Negative imperative form 'wasurenai de'.

小さい役目でも大切です。

Even a small duty is important.

Using 'demo' to mean 'even'.

犬の役目は家を守ることです。

The dog's duty is to guard the house.

Verb nominalizer 'koto' used to define the duty.

今日の役目は終わりです。

Today's duty is finished.

Time noun + no + yakume.

みんな、自分の役目をしよう。

Everyone, let's do our duty.

Volitional form 'shiyou' (let's do).

料理を作るのが私の役目です。

Making food is my duty.

Subject marker 'ga' with the nominalized verb 'tsukuru no'.

新しい役目をもらいました。

I received a new duty.

Past tense of 'morau' (to receive).

この道具の役目を知っていますか？

Do you know the function of this tool?

Object marker 'o' with 'shitte imasu ka'.

彼はリーダーの役目をしています。

He is doing the duty of a leader.

Present progressive 'shite imasu'.

役目を果たすために頑張ります。

I will do my best to fulfill my duty.

'Tame ni' indicating purpose.

お父さんの役目は大変そうです。

A father's duty looks difficult.

Adjective + 'sou' (looks like).

それは君の役目じゃないよ。

That's not your duty, you know.

Negative 'janai' with sentence-ending particle 'yo'.

花に水をやるのが僕の役目だ。

Watering the flowers is my duty.

Verb nominalizer 'no ga' as the subject.

彼は与えられた役目を立派に果たした。

He splendidly fulfilled the duty given to him.

Passive participle 'ataerareta' modifying 'yakume'.

この古い時計も、ようやく役目を終えたようだ。

It seems this old clock has finally finished its service.

'Youyaku' (finally) and 'you da' (seems like).

親としての役目を忘れてはいけない。

You must not forget your duty as a parent.

'To shite' (as a) and 'te wa ikenai' (must not).

会議の司会という重要な役目を任された。

I was entrusted with the important duty of chairing the meeting.

Passive 'makasareta' (was entrusted).

自分の役目だけに集中してください。

Please focus only on your own duty.

'Dake' (only) and 'ni shuuchuu suru' (focus on).

警察の役目は、人々の安全を守ることにある。

The duty of the police lies in protecting people's safety.

Formal structure 'ni aru' (lies in).

彼は自分の役目を果たそうと懸命に働いた。

He worked hard, trying to fulfill his duty.

Volitional 'hatasou' + 'to' (trying to).

その役目を誰が引き受けるのか決まっていない。

It hasn't been decided who will take on that duty.

Embedded question 'dare ga... no ka'.

科学の役目は、真理を追究することである。

The role of science is to pursue the truth.

Formal copula 'de aru'.

彼は嫌な役目を他人に押し付ける傾向がある。

He tends to force unpleasant duties onto others.

'Oshitsukeru' (to force upon) and 'keikou ga aru' (tend to).

この建物は、かつては銀行としての役目を担っていた。

This building once carried out the role of a bank.

'Katsute' (once) and '担っていた' (was carrying/burdening).

役目を終えた人工衛星が大気圏で燃え尽きた。

The satellite that finished its mission burned up in the atmosphere.

Relative clause 'yakume o oeta' modifying 'jinkou eisei'.

君には、このチームをまとめる役目があるはずだ。

You should have the duty of bringing this team together.

'Hazu da' (should/is expected to).

伝統を守るという役目は、次世代に引き継がれる。

The duty of protecting tradition is passed on to the next generation.

Apposition 'to iu' and passive 'hikitsugareru'.

彼女はその困難な役目を見事にやり遂げた。

She admirably accomplished that difficult duty.

'Yaritogeru' (to accomplish/finish to the end).

役目に縛られすぎて、自分を見失ってはいけない。

Don't lose yourself by being too bound by your duties.

Passive 'shibarareru' (to be bound) + 'sugiru' (too much).

言論の自由を守ることは、メディアの不可欠な役目である。

Protecting freedom of speech is an indispensable duty of the media.

Use of 'fukaketsu na' (indispensable) for high-level nuance.

彼は、組織の調整役という極めてデリケートな役目を担っている。

He bears the extremely delicate role of being the organization's coordinator.

'Kiwamete' (extremely) and '担っている' (bearing/carrying).

文学の役目の一つは、人間の複雑な内面を映し出すことだ。

One of the roles of literature is to reflect the complex inner lives of humans.

Topic marker 'wa' with 'no hitotsu' (one of).

その歴史的建造物は、地域の象徴としての役目を存分に果たしている。

That historical building fully fulfills its role as a regional symbol.

'Zonbun ni' (to one's heart's content/fully).

彼は自分の役目に忠実であろうとするあまり、周囲との摩擦を生んだ。

In his excessive attempt to be faithful to his duty, he created friction with those around him.

'Amari' (so much that/excessively) expressing cause and effect.

社会制度がその役目を果たさなくなった時、変革が求められる。

When social systems no longer fulfill their roles, transformation is required.

Negative 'hatasanaku natta' (stopped fulfilling).

彼は長年、一家の大黒柱としての役目を黙々と果たしてきた。

For many years, he silently fulfilled his role as the main pillar of the family.

'Mokumoku to' (silently/steadily) and 'shite kita' (has been doing).

批評家の役目は、作品の真価を冷徹に見極めることにある。

The critic's role lies in coolly and objectively discerning the true value of a work.

'Reitetsu ni' (cool-headedly) and 'mikiwameru' (discern).

彼は、歴史の転換点において、望まぬ役目を演じさせられた。

He was forced to play an unwanted role at a turning point in history.

Causative-passive 'enjisaserareta' (was made to play/perform).

自己の存在意義を、与えられた役目のみに求めるのは危うい。

It is dangerous to seek the meaning of one's existence solely in the roles one is given.

'Nomi ni' (only in) and 'ayaui' (dangerous/risky).

芸術が政治の道具としての役目を強要される時、その精神は死ぬ。

When art is forced into the role of a political tool, its spirit dies.

Passive 'kyouyou sareru' (to be coerced/forced).

彼は、自らの血筋に課せられた重い役目から逃れることはできなかった。

He could not escape the heavy duty imposed upon him by his lineage.

Passive participle 'kaserareta' (imposed/levied).

その法案の本来の役目は、弱者を保護することにあったはずだが。

The original purpose of that bill should have been to protect the vulnerable, but...

Past conjecture 'atta hazu da' combined with 'ga' for contrast.

役目を全うした老兵の言葉には、抗いがたい重みがあった。

The words of the old soldier who had fully discharged his duty had an irresistible weight.

'Mattou shita' (fully completed/carried out) and 'aragaigatai' (hard to resist).

官僚機構が肥大化し、本来の役目が形骸化しているとの批判がある。

There are criticisms that the bureaucracy has become bloated and its original functions have become a mere facade.

'Keigaika' (becoming a mere shell/skeleton).

運命が彼に課した役目は、あまりにも過酷なものであった。

The role that fate imposed upon him was far too cruel.

Relative clause 'unmei ga kare ni kashita' modifying 'yakume'.

تلازمات شائعة

役目を果たす

役目を終える

役目を任せる

役目を引き受ける

役目を忘れる

役目を押し付ける

重要な役目

本来の役目

親の役目

役目に忠実な

العبارات الشائعة

役目不足

— When a role is too easy or small for someone's abilities. Similar to 'overqualified.'

彼にこの仕事は役目不足だ。

役目柄

— By virtue of one's position or role. 'Because of my duty...'

役目柄、詳しいことは言えません。

お役目ご苦労様

— A polite way to thank someone for fulfilling their duty. Often used by superiors.

お役目ご苦労様でした。

役目を全うする

— To completely and perfectly carry out one's duty to the very end.

彼は一生、その役目を全うした。

役目が回ってくる

— When it becomes one's turn to take on a specific duty.

ついに私に役目が回ってきた。

役目を解く

— To relieve someone of their duty or post.

彼は役目を解かれた。

役目を負う

— To bear or take upon oneself a duty.

重大な役目を負っている。

嫌な役目

— An unpleasant or undesirable task/duty.

嫌な役目を引き受けてくれた。

役目を見出す

— To find one's purpose or role in a situation.

彼は新しい役目を見出した。

役目を逸脱する

— To go beyond or deviate from one's assigned duty.

それは役目を逸脱した行為だ。

يُخلط عادةً مع

役目 vs 役割 (yakuwari)

Yakuwari is the part you play; Yakume is the duty you must fulfill.

役目 vs 仕事 (shigoto)

Shigoto is your job; Yakume is a specific responsibility.

役目 vs 義務 (gimu)

Gimu is a legal or moral obligation; Yakume is an assigned role.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"役目を果たす"

— To fulfill one's duty. This is the most standard idiomatic usage.

彼は最後まで役目を果たした。

Neutral

"お役目免除"

— Being excused from a duty or task.

今日は病気なので、掃除の役目は免除された。

Neutral

"役目にかこつけて"

— Using one's duty as an excuse to do something else.

役目にかこつけて、彼は遊びに行った。

Informal

"役目を全うする"

— To complete one's mission with honor and integrity.

彼は兵士としての役目を全うした。

Formal

"役目違い"

— Doing something that is not one's responsibility or is inappropriate for one's role.

それは役目違いな発言だ。

Neutral

"役目が済む"

— One's duty is finished or no longer needed.

用が済んだら、この役目も終わりだ。

Casual

"役目を担う"

— To shoulder or play a role.

彼は地域のリーダーとしての役目を担っている。

Neutral

"役目を忘れる"

— To neglect one's duty.

彼は遊びに夢中で役目を忘れていた。

Neutral

"役目を押し付ける"

— To pawn off a duty onto someone else.

彼はいつも面倒な役目を他人に押し付ける。

Informal

"役目が重い"

— To have a heavy or burdensome duty.

今回の役目は非常に重い。

Neutral

سهل الخلط

役目 vs 役割

Both translate to 'role' in English.

Yakuwari is about the division of labor. Yakume is about the responsibility itself.

私の役割は司会で、役目は時間を守ることです。

役目 vs 任務

Both mean 'duty' or 'mission.'

Ninmu is often a specific, one-time task. Yakume is more about an ongoing role.

スパイの任務を果たす。

役目 vs 職務

Both relate to work duties.

Shokumu is strictly professional/official. Yakume is broader.

公務員の職務。

役目 vs 役

They share the same kanji.

Yaku is more general and can mean a role in a play. Yakume is the duty of that role.

主役の役目を果たす。

役目 vs 義務

Both involve things you must do.

Gimu is mandatory (law/morals). Yakume is expected based on position.

納税の義務。

أنماط الجُمل

[Person] の役目です。

僕の役目です。

[Verb-Dictionary] のが役目です。

教えるのが役目です。

[Person] としての役目

親としての役目

役目を果たす

役目を果たしました。

役目を担う

重要な役目を担う。

役目を終える

役目を終えた。

役目を全うする

役目を全うした。

役目に縛られる

役目に縛られている。

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

役 (yaku - role)

役人 (yakunin - official)

役割 (yakuwari - division of roles)

役職 (yakushoku - official post)

役所 (yakusho - government office)

الأفعال

役立つ (yakudatsu - to be useful)

役立てる (yakudateru - to put to use)

الصفات

役立たずな (yakutatazu na - useless)

مرتبط

任務 (ninmu)

義務 (gimu)

責任 (sekinin)

使命 (shimei)

仕事 (shigoto)

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Common in both daily life and professional settings.

أخطاء شائعة

Using 'yakume o suru'. → 役目を果たす (yakume o hatasu).
In Japanese, duties are 'fulfilled' (hatasu) or 'carried out' (suikou), not just 'done' (suru).
Confusing 'yakume' with 'shigoto'. → Use 'yakume' for the specific responsibility.
If you say 'My job is cleaning,' use 'shigoto.' If you say 'My assigned duty today is cleaning,' use 'yakume'.
Using 'yakume' for hobbies. → 趣味 (shumi) or 楽しみ (tanoshimi).
'Yakume' implies an obligation. Using it for fun things sounds weird or sarcastic.
Confusing 'yakume' with 'yakuwari'. → Use 'yakuwari' for the division of labor.
If you are talking about how a team is split up, use 'yakuwari'. If you are talking about the duty itself, use 'yakume'.
Forgetting the 'no' particle. → 私の役目 (watashi no yakume).
Like most nouns, 'yakume' needs the 'no' particle to show who it belongs to.

نصائح

Pair with 'Hatasu'

Always remember that 'hatasu' (to fulfill) is the best partner for 'yakume.' Using 'suru' is okay but 'hatasu' sounds much more natural and proficient.

Object Personification

When an object breaks, say 'yakume o oeta.' It shows a very Japanese sense of gratitude and respect toward everyday things.

Role-play

Think of your different roles (student, child, employee) and list your 'yakume' for each in Japanese to practice the word.

Business Meetings

Use 'yakume' when clarifying who is doing what. It sounds more professional and clear than just using 'shigoto'.

Social Harmony

Understand that 'yakume' is about the group. Fulfilling your 'yakume' is how you contribute to a peaceful and efficient society.

Nominalization

Use '[Verb] koto ga yakume da' to define exactly what a duty is. For example, 'Mamoru koto ga yakume da' (Protecting is the duty).

Compound Awareness

Learn 'yakumegara' (by virtue of one's role). It's a very useful phrase when you want to explain why you are doing something official.

Anime Cues

Listen for 'yakume' in heroic speeches. It usually signals a moment of high resolve or self-sacrifice.

Formal Documents

In reports, use 'yakume' to describe the objectives of a specific department or role.

The 'Eye' of the Role

Remember the kanji for 'eye' (目) in 'yakume.' It's the 'point' or 'item' of your service (役).

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'Yaku' as 'You're Acting' and 'Me' as 'Me'. 'You're acting as me today'—that's your duty!

ربط بصري

Imagine a person wearing a 'duty' belt with 'YAKU' written on it, looking into a magnifying glass (ME) to find their task.

Word Web

Duty Role Function Responsibility Assignment Office Mission Service

تحدٍّ

Try to find three objects in your room and describe their 'yakume' in a simple Japanese sentence.

أصل الكلمة

The word 'yakume' is a native Japanese compound formed from the kanji 役 (yaku) and 目 (me).

المعنى الأصلي: Originally, 'yaku' referred to labor or service owed to a lord or the state. 'Me' acted as a classifier or point of reference.

Japonic / Sino-Japanese (Kanji-based).

السياق الثقافي

Be careful not to sound too demanding when assigning a 'yakume' to someone higher in status. Use polite language.

English speakers often translate 'yakume' as 'job,' but it lacks the moral and functional weight that 'yakume' carries in Japanese.

The Seven Samurai (Seven warriors fulfilling their yakume to protect a village). Bushido (The code of the samurai centered on yakume). Haiku often personify nature's elements fulfilling their seasonal yakume.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Workplace

役目を果たす
役目を分担する
重要な役目
役目を任せる

Family

親の役目
子供の役目
家事の役目
役目を忘れる

Objects/Tools

役目を終える
本来の役目
道具の役目
役目を果たさない

Social Groups

リーダーの役目
自分の役目
役目を引き受ける
役目が回る

Stories/Movies

勇者の役目
敵の役目
役目を全うする
悲しい役目

بدايات محادثة

"あなたのチームでの役目は何ですか？ (What is your role in the team?)"

"最近、新しい役目を任されましたか？ (Have you been entrusted with a new duty recently?)"

"子供の頃、家でどんな役目がありましたか？ (When you were a child, what duties did you have at home?)"

"このアプリの主な役目は何だと思いますか？ (What do you think is the main function of this app?)"

"リーダーとして一番大切な役目は何ですか？ (As a leader, what is the most important duty?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

今日果たした一番大切な役目について書いてください。 (Write about the most important duty you fulfilled today.)

将来、どのような役目を担いたいですか？ (What kind of role do you want to take on in the future?)

役目を果たすことと、個人の自由、どちらが大切だと思いますか？ (Which is more important: fulfilling one's duty or personal freedom?)

あなたが大切にしている道具の役目について語ってください。 (Talk about the function of a tool you cherish.)

社会におけるメディアの役目についてどう考えますか？ (What are your thoughts on the role of media in society?)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Generally, no. 'Yakume' implies an obligation or a function given by someone or something else. If you use it for a hobby, it sounds like you are being forced to do it or you are being very dramatic. For hobbies, use 'shumi' or 'tanoshimi'.

'Yakuwari' is like a 'part' in a play or a 'slot' in a team. 'Yakume' is the 'duty' or 'responsibility' that comes with that part. For example, your 'yakuwari' is 'striker' in soccer, and your 'yakume' is to score goals.

It is neutral to slightly formal. You can use it in daily conversation with friends (casual) or in a business meeting (formal). For extremely formal legal or military contexts, 'ninmu' or 'shokumu' might be preferred.

Yes! This is a common use. A pencil's 'yakume' is to write. When it becomes too short to hold, you can say its 'yakume' is over (yakume o oeta).

The most natural way is 'Yakume o hatashita' (fulfilled) or 'Yakume o oeta' (finished). 'Yakume ga owatta' is also okay but sounds a bit more passive.

Yes, it can be used for an unpleasant task, often called 'iya na yakume' (unpleasant duty). For example, being the one who has to tell someone bad news.

No, 'yakume' is only a noun. You must use it with verbs like 'hatasu' (fulfill), 'ni担う' (bear), or 'da' (is).

'Oyakume' is the polite version of 'yakume.' Adding 'o' makes it more respectful. It is often used when talking about someone else's important work.

Yes, it was a very important word for samurais. Their 'yakume' to their lord was the most important thing in their life.

'Sekinin' is a broader word for responsibility or being 'to blame.' 'Yakume' is the specific task or role you are responsible for. You have the 'sekinin' to fulfill your 'yakume'.

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