It-has در مقابل It-have: تفاوت چیست؟
has رفیق فاب میشه.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'has' for 'it' in simple statements, but switch to 'have' when using 'does', 'don't', or modal verbs.
- Affirmative: Use 'has' with 'it' (e.g., It has a screen).
- Negative/Question: Use 'does/doesn't' + 'have' (e.g., Does it have a battery?).
- Modals: Use 'have' after words like 'will', 'might', or 'should' (e.g., It might have a bug).
مرور کلی
it has و it have قرار دارد. قانون بسیار ساده است: در زبان انگلیسی استاندارد، تنها عبارت صحیح it has است.it have عملاً در هیچ ساختار گرامری صحیح نیست. برای درک بهتر این موضوع، باید به ساختار ضمیر it در انگلیسی توجه کنید.it یک ضمیر سومشخص مفرد (Third-person singular pronoun) است که برای اشاره به اشیاء، حیوانات، مفاهیم انتزاعی یا موقعیتها به کار میرود. در گرامر انگلیسی، تمام فاعلهای سومشخص مفرد (شامل he، she و it) در زمان حال ساده، فعل را تغییر میدهند. در فارسی، ما برای تمام اشخاص از یک ریشه فعل استفاده میکنیم (مثلاً: او دارد، آن دارد، من دارم).to have برای سومشخص مفرد به has تبدیل میشود. این دقیقاً همان جایی است که زبانآموزان فارسیزبان دچار چالش میشوند، زیرا در ذهن ما، فعل «داشتن» برای همه فاعلها یکسان است. در ادامه به بررسی دقیق این ساختار میپردازیم.have به has نتیجه مستقیم قواعد زمان حال ساده (Present Simple) است. در این زمان، وقتی فاعل سومشخص مفرد است، فعل معمولاً با یک -s یا -es همراه میشود. فعل to have یک فعل بیقاعده (Irregular verb) است؛ یعنی طبق قانون معمولِ اضافه کردن -s (مثل walks یا eats) عمل نمیکند، بلکه به شکل اختصاصی has در میآید.it have را به کار ببریم.- 1مالکیت (Possession): وقتی میخواهیم بگوییم چیزی متعلق به یک شیء است. مثال:
The cafe is new. It has a great menu.(کافه جدید است. منوی عالیای دارد.) - 2ویژگیها (Characteristics): برای توصیف خصوصیات یک پدیده. مثال:
This phone is expensive. It has a high-quality camera.(این گوشی گران است. دوربین باکیفیتی دارد.) - 3زمان حال کامل (Present Perfect): وقتی
hasبه عنوان فعل کمکی در کنار اسم مفعول (Past Participle) قرار میگیرد. مثال:It has rained all day.(تمام روز باران باریده است.)
it) را ذکر کنید. پس حتماً دقت کنید که در انگلیسی، فعل بدون فاعل معنا ندارد.does استفاده میکنیم. نکته کلیدی اینجاست: وقتی does وارد جمله میشود، فعل اصلی به حالت پایه یعنی have برمیگردد. این یکی از بزرگترین اشتباهات زبانآموزان است که فکر میکنند باید بگویند it does has که غلط است.it has در محیطهای حرفهای و روزمره بسیار رایج است. در محیط کاری (مانند نوشتن ایمیلهای رسمی درباره پروژهها)، هنگام توصیف ویژگیهای یک محصول در بازار، یا حتی در گفتگوهای دوستانه در کافه، این ساختار کاربرد دارد.- در محیط کار:
The report is complete; it has all the data we need.(گزارش کامل است؛ تمام دادههای مورد نیاز ما را دارد.) - در توصیف محصول:
Does this laptop have a backlit keyboard? Yes, it has one.(آیا این لپتاپ کیبورد نورانی دارد؟ بله، دارد.) - در توصیف وضعیت:
It has been a long week.(هفته طولانیای بوده است.)
- 1تعمیم اشتباه: فارسیزبانان به دلیل اینکه در فارسی فعل «داشتن» برای همه فاعلها یکسان است، فکر میکنند
haveبرای همه ضمایر استفاده میشود.
- غلط:
The car have a flat tire. - صحیح:
The car has a flat tire.
- 1فراموش کردن تغییر فعل در سوالی: چون در فارسی فعل اصلی تغییر نمیکند، زبانآموزان گاهی در سوالی کردن فراموش میکنند که
doesرا به کار ببرند یا فعل را بهhaveبرگردانند.
- غلط:
Does it has a screen? - صحیح:
Does it have a screen?
- 1اشتباه گرفتن It's با It has: عبارت
It'sمیتواند مخففIt isیاIt hasباشد. اگر بعد از آن صفت بیاید،isاست؛ اگر اسم مفعول بیاید،hasاست.
- مثال:
It's (It has) been raining.(باران باریده است.)
- 1آیا هرگز عبارت
it haveدرست است؟ در انگلیسی روزمره خیر. تنها در ساختارهای بسیار رسمی یا گرامر پیشرفته (Subjunctive) ممکن است دیده شود که برای سطح B1 نیاز نیست.
- 1چرا وقتی
doesمیآوریم،hasبهhaveتبدیل میشود؟ چونdoesخودش بارِ سومشخص بودن را به دوش میکشد و فعل اصلی باید به شکل ساده (Base form) باقی بماند.
- 1آیا میتوانم همیشه از
it'sبه جایit hasاستفاده کنم؟ در گفتار بله، اما در نوشتار رسمی بهتر است از شکل کاملit hasاستفاده کنید تا وضوح بیشتری داشته باشد.
Present Simple Conjugation of 'To Have'
| Subject | Affirmative | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
have
|
don't have
|
Do I have?
|
|
You
|
have
|
don't have
|
Do you have?
|
|
He / She
|
has
|
doesn't have
|
Does he/she have?
|
|
It
|
has
|
doesn't have
|
Does it have?
|
|
We
|
have
|
don't have
|
Do we have?
|
|
They
|
have
|
don't have
|
Do they have?
|
Common Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage Note |
|---|---|---|
|
It has (Perfect)
|
It's
|
Only for 'It has been/done'
|
|
It has (Possession)
|
None
|
Cannot contract possession
|
|
It does not
|
It doesn't
|
Very common in speech
|
|
It will have
|
It'll have
|
Future tense
|
Meanings
The verb 'to have' changes to 'has' when the subject is 'it' (third-person singular) in the present simple tense to show possession, characteristics, or states.
Possession or Ownership
To indicate that an inanimate object or animal owns or contains something.
“The house has three bedrooms.”
“It has a beautiful garden in the back.”
Present Perfect Auxiliary
Using 'has' as a helping verb to form the present perfect tense for actions that started in the past.
“It has been raining all morning.”
“It has already started.”
Necessity (Have to)
Expressing that something is required or mandatory.
“It has to be finished by Friday.”
“Does it have to be this expensive?”
Reference Table
| فاعل (Subject) | فعل درست | مثال درست (Correct) | مثال غلط (Incorrect) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
It
|
has
|
It `has` a blue light.
|
It `have` a blue light.
|
|
He
|
has
|
He `has` a good idea.
|
He `have` a good idea.
|
|
She
|
has
|
She `has` a new job.
|
She `have` a new job.
|
|
I
|
have
|
I `have` a ticket.
|
I `has` a ticket.
|
|
You
|
have
|
You `have` time.
|
You `has` time.
|
|
We
|
have
|
We `have` a plan.
|
We `has` a plan.
|
|
They
|
have
|
They `have` the same car.
|
They `has` the same car.
|
طیف رسمیت
The mobile device possesses a high-resolution camera. (Tech description)
The phone has a camera. (Tech description)
It's got a camera. (Tech description)
It packs a sick cam. (Tech description)
تطابق نهاد و فعل: HAVE در مقابل HAS
استفاده از HAVE با...
- I I have an idea.
- You You have a car.
- We We have a dog.
- They They have class.
استفاده از HAS با...
- He He has a bike.
- She She has a cat.
- It It has a problem.
It Has در مقابل It Have
انتخاب بین 'Has' و 'Have'
آیا فاعل تو He، She یا It هست؟
آیا فاعل تو I، You، We یا They هست؟
چه زمانی از 'It has' استفاده کنیم؟
اشیاء
- • The phone `has` a big screen.
حیوانات
- • The cat `has` soft fur.
ایدهها / مفاهیم
- • The plan `has` one problem.
مکانها
- • The building `has` a gym.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
It has a big window.
It has a big window.
Does it have a name?
Does it have a name?
It has four legs.
It has four legs.
It doesn't have a tail.
It doesn't have a tail.
The phone has a very long battery life.
The phone has a very long battery life.
It has been a very cold winter.
It has been a very cold winter.
Does your car have air conditioning?
Does your car have air conditioning?
It has to be ready by 5 PM.
It has to be ready by 5 PM.
It has already been decided by the board.
It has already been decided by the board.
The software has several features you might like.
The software has several features you might like.
It doesn't have much impact on the final result.
It doesn't have much impact on the final result.
It might have a loose connection inside.
It might have a loose connection inside.
It has been argued that technology isolates us.
It has been argued that technology isolates us.
The project has yet to receive full funding.
The project has yet to receive full funding.
It has a tendency to overheat during heavy use.
It has a tendency to overheat during heavy use.
Does it have any bearing on our current situation?
Does it have any bearing on our current situation?
It has long been a mystery why the civilization collapsed.
It has long been a mystery why the civilization collapsed.
The theory has its roots in 19th-century philosophy.
The theory has its roots in 19th-century philosophy.
It has a certain 'je ne sais quoi' that makes it unique.
It has a certain 'je ne sais quoi' that makes it unique.
Should it have been necessary, we would have intervened.
Should it have been necessary, we would have intervened.
It has been posited that the universe is a hologram.
It has been posited that the universe is a hologram.
The manuscript has survived despite centuries of neglect.
The manuscript has survived despite centuries of neglect.
It has a profound resonance within the local community.
It has a profound resonance within the local community.
It has but one purpose: to ensure total compliance.
It has but one purpose: to ensure total compliance.
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Learners mix up 'it is/has' (it's) with the possessive 'its'.
Both mean possession, but 'have got' is more informal and common in the UK.
Learners use 'It has' to say something exists in a place.
اشتباهات رایج
It have a red color.
It has a red color.
Does it has a battery?
Does it have a battery?
It don't has time.
It doesn't have time.
The dog have a bone.
The dog has a bone.
It's has been raining.
It has been raining.
It might has a problem.
It might have a problem.
The company have many employees.
The company has many employees.
If it have enough power, it will work.
If it has enough power, it will work.
It has to having a reason.
It has to have a reason.
The data have shown a trend.
The data has shown a trend.
It is important that it has a backup.
It is important that it have a backup.
الگوهای جملهسازی
It has a ___ and a ___.
Does it have ___?
It has been ___ since ___.
It doesn't have to be ___.
Real World Usage
My new phone has such a good camera!
This role has many responsibilities that I am excited about.
Does it have any dairy in it?
It has a blue light flashing on the front.
Does the room have a view of the ocean?
It has been raining for three days straight.
'It' رو با 'He' و 'She' ست کن
It has a scratch.
حواست به سوالی و منفی باشه
Does it have a battery?
برای نیتیو شدن بگو 'It's got'
اشتباهی که همه میکنن
It has a lot of potential.
Smart Tips
Think of 'doesn't' as a magnet that pulls the 's' away from 'has', leaving only 'have'.
Treat the company as a single 'it'.
Always use 'have'. Modals are 'conjugation killers'—they stop any other verb from changing.
Check if it's followed by a verb (like 'been' or 'done'). If it is, it means 'It has'.
تلفظ
The 'z' sound in 'has'
The 's' in 'has' is pronounced like a 'z'.
Contraction 'It's'
When 'it has' becomes 'it's', the 's' sounds like a 'ts' or 'z' depending on the next word.
Emphasis on 'Has'
It HAS a screen! (Rising on HAS)
Used to correct someone who thinks it doesn't have one.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
He, She, It — the 'S' must sit! (Has ends in S, just like He, She, and It need).
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a giant letter 'S' sitting on top of a car (It). The 'S' is only there when the car is parked (Affirmative). When the car starts moving (Does/Might), the 'S' flies off!
Rhyme
When it's 'it', 'has' is the fit. But with 'does', 'have' is the buzz!
Story
A robot named 'IT' lives in a house. When he is happy (Affirmative), he says 'I HAS a house'. But when his boss 'DOES' comes to visit, IT gets nervous and says 'I don't HAVE a house' because the boss takes his 'S'.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Look around your room. Pick 5 objects and say one thing each 'has' (e.g., 'The lamp has a bulb'). Then turn those into questions ('Does the lamp have a bulb?').
نکات فرهنگی
British speakers often use 'It has got' instead of just 'It has' for possession.
Americans prefer the simple 'It has' or the informal 'It's got'. In questions, 'Does it have' is standard.
In this dialect, 'It have' or 'It got' may be used in affirmative statements where standard English requires 'It has'.
The verb 'have' comes from the Old English 'habban'. The 'has' form evolved from 'haveth'.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
Does your favorite app have a dark mode?
What features does your dream house have?
Has it been difficult to learn English lately?
Does your country have a lot of natural resources?
موضوعات نگارش
اشتباهات رایج
Test Yourself
Score: /3
تمرینهای عملی
8 exercisesThe laptop ___ a very fast processor.
Does the hotel ___ a gym?
Find and fix the mistake:
It doesn't has enough memory.
It has a built-in speaker.
It ___ been a pleasure meeting you.
The package might ___ arrived by now.
1. It, 2. They, 3. Does it, 4. It might
'The committee has decided to move forward.'
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesMy computer is running slow. I think it ___ a virus.
Excuse me, ___ this sandwich contain nuts? It doesn't say on the label.
Choose the correct sentence:
The idea sound good, but it have one major flaw.
Arrange these words into a question:
The team's plan is risky. It ___ a very low chance of success.
Translate into English: 'El edificio no tiene piscina.'
Match the subjects with the correct verb phrase:
This new phone is cool, it's got a better camera and it have more storage.
Choose the correct question:
Yesterday, the system was down. It ___ a major software failure.
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Score: /12
سوالات متداول (8)
Yes, but only after an auxiliary verb like `does`, `did`, `will`, `might`, `should`, or `can`. For example: 'It might have a problem.'
No, 'it's' can also be a contraction for 'it has' in the present perfect tense (e.g., 'It's been fun'). However, it is never used for possession.
This is common in some dialects and informal speech, but in standard English and on exams, you must use 'It doesn't have'.
In modern English, 'data' is usually treated as a singular mass noun (it), so 'The data has shown' is very common and correct.
Words like 'everyone', 'someone', and 'nobody' are singular, so they also use 'has'. Example: 'Everyone has a phone.'
No, in the past tense, both 'have' and 'has' become 'had'. Example: 'It had a scratch.'
This is very old-fashioned. In modern English, we almost always say 'Does it have a battery?'
In American English, 'The team has' is standard. In British English, both are used, but 'The team have' is very common.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
tiene / ha
Spanish doesn't use auxiliary verbs like 'do' for questions, so the verb doesn't change back to a base form.
a
French doesn't have an equivalent to 'it' for objects; everything is 'he' or 'she'.
hat
German word order changes in questions, but the verb form 'hat' remains.
あります (arimasu)
There is no subject-verb agreement in Japanese.
عنده (indahu)
Arabic doesn't have a single verb 'to have' that conjugates like English.
有 (yǒu)
Learners must remember to add the 's' sound in English because it doesn't exist in Chinese grammar.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
ویدیوهای مرتبط
Related Grammar Rules
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