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A2 verb #2,500 پرکاربردترین 13 دقیقه مطالعه

distribuer

At the A1 beginner level, the introduction to the verb distribuer is kept extremely simple, highly practical, and immediately applicable to the learner's immediate environment. Beginners encounter this word primarily in the context of basic classroom instructions and highly visible daily actions. The focus is strictly on the physical act of handing things out. For instance, a French teacher might say 'Je vais distribuer les cahiers' (I am going to hand out the notebooks) or 'Distribuez les stylos, s'il vous plaît' (Please hand out the pens). At this stage, learners are not burdened with complex logistical or abstract economic meanings. They learn to associate the verb with the visual cue of a person giving objects to multiple people in a group. The conjugation taught is limited to the present tense (je distribue, tu distribues, il/elle distribue, nous distribuons, vous distribuez, ils/elles distribuent) and perhaps the very basic imperative form for simple commands. Vocabulary associated with distribuer at the A1 level includes common classroom objects (le papier, le livre, le stylo) and basic recipients (les élèves, les enfants). The goal is for the learner to comprehend simple instructions and describe basic actions happening right in front of them. The preposition 'à' is introduced gently, as in 'distribuer à la classe', establishing the foundational grammatical structure without overwhelming the student with complex syntactic rules. Overall, at A1, distribuer is a highly concrete, action-oriented verb essential for navigating a French-speaking educational or group setting.
Progressing to the A2 elementary level, the scope of the verb distribuer expands significantly beyond the confines of the classroom, entering the broader context of everyday civic and social life. Learners at this stage begin to encounter the word in scenarios involving community services, basic logistics, and common leisure activities. A primary and highly relatable context introduced at A2 is the postal service. Learners understand sentences like 'Le facteur distribue le courrier tous les matins' (The postman delivers the mail every morning). This introduces the concept of systematic dissemination across a neighborhood. Additionally, the context of street marketing is introduced, where people 'distribuer des prospectus' (hand out flyers) or 'distribuer des échantillons gratuits' (hand out free samples) in public spaces. Leisure activities also provide a practical application; learners are taught the phrase 'distribuer les cartes' (to deal the cards) for playing games, which is a very common social interaction in French culture. Grammatically, A2 learners are expected to master the passé composé (j'ai distribué) and the futur proche (je vais distribuer), allowing them to narrate past events and describe future intentions related to handing things out. The emphasis on the preposition 'à' becomes stronger, ensuring learners correctly identify the recipients of the distribution. The vocabulary network expands to include words like le courrier, les lettres, les cartes, les tracts, and le quartier. At A2, distribuer transitions from a purely instructional classroom word to a functional tool for describing routine daily occurrences in a French-speaking environment.
At the B1 intermediate level, the understanding and application of distribuer undergo a crucial shift from describing simple physical actions to encompassing broader logistical, organizational, and professional concepts. Learners are now expected to engage with texts and conversations about business, commerce, and societal organization. In this context, distribuer refers to the supply chain and the commercial distribution of goods. Sentences like 'Cette entreprise distribue ses produits dans toute l'Europe' (This company distributes its products throughout Europe) become standard. This requires an understanding of distribution networks and commercial strategies. Furthermore, the verb begins to be used in more abstract organizational contexts, such as 'distribuer les tâches' (to distribute tasks) or 'distribuer les rôles' (to distribute roles) within a team or a project. Grammatically, B1 learners must comfortably navigate various tenses, including the imparfait for habitual past actions (il distribuait le journal quand il était jeune) and the conditionnel for hypothetical situations (je distribuerais les bénéfices différemment). The pronominal form 'se distribuer' is introduced to express passive concepts, such as 'Ce journal se distribue gratuitement à la gare' (This newspaper is distributed for free at the station). Learners also begin to differentiate distribuer from its synonyms like partager and répartir, understanding the nuanced differences in meaning. The vocabulary expands to include terms like les marchandises, les produits, le réseau, les tâches, and gratuitement. At B1, distribuer becomes a vital lexical asset for discussing professional environments, business operations, and structured organizational activities.
Reaching the B2 upper-intermediate level, learners are expected to wield the verb distribuer with a high degree of precision, nuance, and grammatical sophistication, applying it to complex, abstract, and highly formal contexts. The usage expands deeply into the realms of economics, sociology, politics, and the arts. In economic and political discourse, learners encounter phrases concerning the distribution of wealth or resources, such as 'L'État doit mieux distribuer les richesses' (The state must better distribute wealth) or discussions about 'la distribution de l'eau potable' (the distribution of drinking water) in developing regions. In the arts, particularly cinema and theater, the concept of 'distribuer les rôles' (casting) is explored in depth, referring to the director's artistic choices. Grammatically, B2 learners must master the passive voice, frequently used in formal writing and journalism: 'Les aides financières ont été distribuées par le gouvernement' (Financial aids were distributed by the government). The subjunctive mood is also applied: 'Il est essentiel que nous distribuions ces informations rapidement' (It is essential that we distribute this information quickly). Furthermore, learners are expected to flawlessly navigate complex sentence structures involving relative pronouns and sophisticated prepositional phrases. The distinction between distribuer, répartir, diffuser, and dispenser must be sharp and intuitive. Vocabulary at this level includes abstract nouns like les richesses, les ressources, les subventions, les rôles principaux, and l'équité. At B2, distribuer is no longer just about handing things out; it is a powerful tool for analyzing societal structures, economic systems, and artistic processes in fluent, sophisticated French.
At the C1 advanced level, the mastery of distribuer is characterized by an effortless, native-like ability to employ the verb across the most complex, abstract, and specialized domains, including advanced mathematics, highly technical logistics, profound sociological theory, and nuanced literary analysis. Learners at this stage encounter the word in dense academic texts, high-level professional reports, and sophisticated intellectual debates. In mathematics and physics, the concept of distribution is precise; learners might discuss how a load is distributed across a structure ('distribuer la charge') or the distributive property in algebra. In advanced economics, discussions revolve around systemic distribution mechanisms, such as 'les circuits de distribution' (distribution channels) or 'la distribution des revenus' (income distribution) and its impact on social inequality. The verb is used to articulate complex systemic behaviors rather than individual actions. Grammatically, C1 learners manipulate the verb with absolute freedom, employing rare tenses like the passé simple in literary contexts ('Le roi distribua ses terres') and complex conditional structures to discuss theoretical economic models. The usage of the pronominal passive ('se distribuer') is frequent and natural in academic writing. Furthermore, learners are adept at using nominalizations (la distribution, le distributeur) to create dense, information-rich sentences. They understand the subtle idiomatic and register-specific uses of the word, seamlessly adapting their vocabulary to suit highly formal or specialized environments. At C1, distribuer is an integral part of a sophisticated intellectual vocabulary, used to dissect and articulate the complex distribution of power, resources, and abstract concepts in the modern world.
At the C2 mastery level, the learner's command of distribuer is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. The verb is utilized with absolute precision, elegance, and a profound awareness of its historical, cultural, and etymological resonance. C2 users employ distribuer not just to convey information, but to craft compelling arguments, produce sophisticated literary texts, and engage in the highest levels of academic and philosophical discourse. They intuitively grasp the most subtle metaphorical extensions of the word. For instance, they might discuss how an author 'distribue les indices' (distributes clues) throughout a complex mystery novel to manipulate the reader's perception, or how a political system 'distribue le pouvoir' (distributes power) among various institutions to maintain a delicate equilibrium. The verb is used effortlessly in the most complex syntactic structures, including inverted sentences, absolute participial phrases ('Les cartes ayant été distribuées, le jeu commença'), and highly stylized rhetorical devices. C2 learners are acutely aware of the exact semantic boundaries separating distribuer from every conceivable synonym, choosing the perfect word to achieve a specific stylistic or intellectual effect. They can effortlessly deconstruct texts that analyze the 'maldistribution' of global resources or the intricate 'distribution spatiale' of populations in urban geography. At this pinnacle of language acquisition, distribuer is wielded as a precise instrument of thought, allowing the user to articulate the most profound and complex systemic realities of human society, art, and science with unparalleled clarity and rhetorical power.
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

distribuer در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Handing out physical items to a group of people (like papers or cards).
  • Delivering mail or packages to various addresses (like a postman).
  • Supplying commercial goods to retail stores (logistics and business).
  • Allocating abstract concepts like roles in a play or wealth in society.
The French verb distribuer is a highly versatile and essential lexical item that primarily translates to the English verbs to distribute, to hand out, to deal, or to supply. Understanding the profound nuances of this word is absolutely critical for learners aiming to achieve fluency, as it permeates various facets of daily life, commerce, and abstract reasoning. At its core, distribuer involves the systematic and organized allocation or dissemination of items, resources, or information to a specific group of recipients or across a designated geographical area. When you analyze the morphological structure of the word, you can see its Latin roots, which emphasize the act of dividing and sharing among many. In everyday conversational French, you will frequently encounter this verb in contexts such as a teacher handing out educational materials to students in a classroom, a postal worker delivering the daily mail to residential neighborhoods, or a group of friends dealing a deck of playing cards before beginning a game. Furthermore, in the expansive realm of business and economics, distribuer takes on a more macroscopic significance, referring to the complex logistical processes involved in supplying manufactured goods, retail products, or essential services to various stores, markets, or direct consumers. This commercial application is vital for understanding supply chain terminology in French. To fully grasp the multifaceted nature of this verb, it is highly beneficial to examine its usage across different registers and contexts. For instance, in a theatrical or cinematic context, distribuer les rôles means to cast actors in specific parts, highlighting an abstract form of distribution.
Logistics
The process of moving goods from a central warehouse to various retail locations.

Le facteur va distribuer le courrier ce matin.

The concept of distribution is deeply ingrained in societal structures, from the equitable sharing of wealth to the dissemination of public information via flyers and brochures.
Entertainment
Dealing cards in a game of poker or belote.

C'est à toi de distribuer les cartes maintenant.

When discussing mathematics, the distributive property is a fundamental concept, further showcasing the word's academic utility.
Academia
Handing out exams or worksheets to a class of eager students.

Le professeur commence à distribuer les examens finaux.

The verb is a regular -er verb, making its conjugation highly predictable and accessible for learners at the A2 level.

L'entreprise cherche à distribuer ses nouveaux produits en Europe.

By mastering the diverse applications of distribuer, you significantly enrich your vocabulary and enhance your ability to articulate complex logistical, social, and everyday scenarios with precision and native-like fluency.

Il est important de bien distribuer son temps pendant l'examen.

Ultimately, whether you are talking about handing out promotional flyers on a busy street corner, dealing a winning hand in a high-stakes card game, or managing the international supply chain of a multinational corporation, the verb distribuer remains an indispensable tool in your French linguistic arsenal, bridging the gap between simple physical actions and complex systemic operations.
Mastering the practical usage of the verb distribuer requires a comprehensive understanding of its grammatical structure, syntactic behavior, and contextual nuances. As a fundamentally regular verb ending in -er, distribuer follows the standard conjugation patterns that learners typically acquire early in their French studies, making it highly accessible yet profoundly useful. The most common syntactic structure involves using distribuer as a transitive verb, which means it directly takes an object. The core pattern is 'distribuer quelque chose à quelqu'un' (to distribute something to someone). This structure is absolutely pivotal for constructing clear and accurate sentences. For example, when you say 'Je distribue les cahiers aux élèves' (I am handing out the notebooks to the students), 'les cahiers' serves as the direct object, while 'aux élèves' functions as the indirect object, seamlessly linked by the preposition 'à' which contracts with 'les' to form 'aux'. Furthermore, distribuer can be utilized in the pronominal form, 'se distribuer', which introduces a passive or reciprocal nuance. This form is particularly prevalent in business and economic contexts. For instance, 'Ce journal se distribue gratuitement' translates to 'This newspaper is distributed for free', highlighting the action happening to the subject without explicitly naming the agent performing the distribution.
Transitive Usage
Directly acting upon an object, such as handing out flyers.

Nous devons distribuer ces prospectus avant midi.

In professional environments, the usage extends to abstract concepts, such as distributing tasks or responsibilities among team members.
Pronominal Usage
Using the reflexive pronoun to indicate a passive distribution process.

Les rôles se vont distribuer demain matin.

It is also crucial to understand the passive voice applications, which are frequently employed in journalistic and formal writing. 'Les vivres ont été distribués par la Croix-Rouge' (The provisions were distributed by the Red Cross) demonstrates how the focus shifts from the distributor to the items being distributed.
Passive Voice
Emphasizing the object receiving the action rather than the subject performing it.

Les prix seront distribués à la fin de la cérémonie.

Additionally, in the imperative mood, distribuer is used to give direct commands or instructions, such as 'Distribuez ces documents, s'il vous plaît' (Please hand out these documents). This is incredibly common in classroom settings or workplace meetings.

Distribuez les cartes, le jeu va commencer.

By meticulously practicing these various grammatical structures—transitive, pronominal, passive, and imperative—you will develop a robust and intuitive command of the verb distribuer, allowing you to navigate a wide array of conversational and professional scenarios with confidence and grammatical precision.

Elle a fini de distribuer le courrier dans tout le quartier.

The versatility of this verb ensures that once you master its usage patterns, you will find yourself employing it constantly in your daily French interactions, significantly elevating your overall language proficiency.
The verb distribuer is ubiquitous in the French-speaking world, seamlessly integrating into a vast multitude of contexts ranging from the most mundane daily routines to highly specialized professional and academic environments. Recognizing where and how this word is employed will dramatically enhance your listening comprehension and cultural fluency. One of the most immediate and common places you will hear distribuer is within the educational system. From elementary schools to prestigious universities, teachers and professors frequently use this verb when managing classroom activities. You will hear phrases like 'Je vais distribuer les feuilles d'exercices' (I am going to hand out the exercise sheets) on a daily basis. Moving beyond the classroom, the realm of postal services and logistics is heavily reliant on this vocabulary. The primary function of a 'facteur' (postman) is to distribuer le courrier (deliver the mail).
Education
Teachers handing out assignments, tests, or informational packets to students.

Le professeur demande à un élève de distribuer les livres.

In the bustling streets of French cities, you will often encounter individuals hired to distribuer des prospectus (hand out flyers) for local businesses, political campaigns, or upcoming cultural events.
Street Marketing
Promoters giving away pamphlets or free samples to pedestrians.

Des étudiants sont payés pour distribuer des tracts à la sortie du métro.

The entertainment and leisure sectors also provide fertile ground for hearing this verb. Whether you are gathered around a table for a friendly game of Tarot or Belote, the instruction to distribuer les cartes (deal the cards) is a fundamental part of the experience.
Corporate Logistics
The massive operations of supplying goods to supermarkets and retail chains.

Amazon a optimisé sa façon de distribuer les colis à travers le monde.

In the corporate and business world, distribuer takes on a more macro-level significance. Companies discuss strategies to distribuer leurs produits (distribute their products) across national or international markets, involving complex supply chains and distribution networks.

Le réalisateur doit encore distribuer les rôles principaux de son prochain film.

Furthermore, in the arts, particularly theater and cinema, the casting process is referred to as la distribution, and the act of assigning roles is distribuer les rôles. Even in charitable contexts, organizations like Les Restos du Cœur are frequently mentioned in the news as they distribuer des repas (distribute meals) to those in need.

Les bénévoles se préparent à distribuer des couvertures aux sans-abri.

By immersing yourself in these diverse contexts—from the intimate setting of a card game to the expansive operations of global logistics—you will develop a profound appreciation for the versatility and indispensable nature of the verb distribuer in the French language.
While the verb distribuer is a regular -er verb and relatively straightforward to conjugate, learners frequently encounter specific pitfalls regarding its syntactic application, prepositional usage, and semantic boundaries. One of the most prevalent and persistent mistakes involves the incorrect selection of prepositions when indicating the recipient of the distributed items. English speakers, heavily influenced by their native syntax, often attempt to translate 'to distribute something for someone' literally, resulting in the erroneous phrase 'distribuer quelque chose pour quelqu'un'. In French, the correct and universally accepted structure requires the preposition 'à', forming the pattern 'distribuer quelque chose à quelqu'un'. Another significant area of confusion lies in the semantic distinction between distribuer and its close synonyms, particularly 'partager' (to share) and 'répartir' (to allocate or spread out). Learners often use distribuer when they actually mean to share something mutually among a group.
Preposition Error
Using 'pour' instead of 'à' when indicating the receiver.

Incorrect: Je distribue les cadeaux pour les enfants. Correct: Je vais distribuer les cadeaux aux enfants.

For example, if you are dividing a pizza among friends, you would use 'partager', not distribuer. Distribuer implies a more systematic, often top-down handing out of individual items, like a teacher handing out separate test papers, rather than dividing a single whole into parts.
Semantic Confusion
Using distribuer instead of partager for sharing a single item.

Incorrect: Nous allons distribuer le gâteau. Correct: Nous allons partager le gâteau. (But: Il va distribuer les parts de gâteau).

Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with the pronominal form 'se distribuer', mistakenly using the active voice when a passive or reflexive meaning is required by the context.
Pronominal Neglect
Failing to use the reflexive pronoun for passive concepts.

Ce magazine gratuit se distribue à la gare tous les matins.

In business contexts, confusing distribuer with 'livrer' (to deliver) is also common. While a postman 'distribue' the mail (a general dissemination), a pizza guy 'livre' a pizza (a specific delivery to a single point).

Le fournisseur doit distribuer la marchandise dans tous les supermarchés de la région.

Finally, pronunciation errors can occur, particularly with the nasal vowel in the first syllable 'dis-tri-buer', though this is less common than the grammatical and semantic issues. By consciously addressing these common mistakes—mastering the 'à' preposition, distinguishing it from partager and livrer, and correctly employing the pronominal form—learners can significantly refine their French output and communicate with much greater precision and authenticity.

Faites attention à bien distribuer votre poids sur les deux jambes.

Continuous practice and mindful attention to these specific nuances will ensure that distribuer becomes a reliable and accurately used component of your active vocabulary.
The French lexicon is incredibly rich, offering a variety of verbs that share semantic territory with distribuer, yet each possesses distinct nuances and specific contextual applications. To achieve true fluency and precision in your communication, it is imperative to understand the subtle differences between distribuer and its closest synonyms, such as répartir, partager, diffuser, dispenser, and livrer. While distribuer broadly refers to the systematic handing out or supplying of items, 'répartir' focuses specifically on the calculated allocation or spreading out of resources, tasks, or quantities to ensure balance or fairness. For instance, you 'distribuez' flyers on the street, but you 'répartissez' the workload among your employees.
Répartir
To allocate, spread out, or distribute with a focus on balance or calculation.

Le manager doit répartir les tâches, puis distribuer le matériel nécessaire.

'Partager', as previously noted, means to share, implying a mutual division of a single entity or a shared experience, contrasting with the top-down dissemination implied by distribuer.
Partager
To share a single item or an experience mutually among a group.

Au lieu de distribuer des copies individuelles, nous allons partager ce livre.

Another crucial synonym is 'diffuser', which translates to broadcast, disseminate, or diffuse. Unlike distribuer, which typically involves physical objects (like cards or mail), diffuser is used for intangible elements such as information, news, radio signals, or even a scent in the air.
Diffuser
To broadcast or disseminate intangible things like information or media.

La radio va diffuser l'information, et nous allons distribuer des tracts pour confirmer.

'Dispenser' is a more formal verb meaning to dispense or provide, often used in the context of education (dispenser un cours) or formal advice. Finally, 'livrer' means to deliver, focusing on the transportation of a specific item to a specific destination (like a package or a pizza), whereas distribuer implies a wider, multi-point dissemination process.

Le camion va livrer la palette au supermarché, qui va ensuite distribuer les produits en rayon.

By carefully studying these distinctions, you can elevate your vocabulary from basic comprehension to advanced, nuanced expression. Choosing the exact right word—whether it be distribuer, répartir, partager, diffuser, dispenser, or livrer—demonstrates a sophisticated mastery of the French language and ensures your intended meaning is conveyed with absolute clarity and elegance.

Il est essentiel de savoir quand distribuer et quand répartir les ressources de l'entreprise.

This level of lexical precision is a hallmark of advanced language proficiency.

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

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غیر رسمی

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عامیانه

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سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

Je vais distribuer les cahiers.

I am going to hand out the notebooks.

Futur proche with a direct object.

2

Le professeur distribue les stylos.

The teacher is handing out the pens.

Present tense, third person singular.

3

Tu peux distribuer le papier ?

Can you hand out the paper?

Modal verb 'pouvoir' + infinitive.

4

Il distribue les livres à la classe.

He hands out the books to the class.

Introduction of the preposition 'à' for the recipient.

5

Nous distribuons les bonbons.

We are handing out the candies.

Present tense, first person plural.

6

Distribuez les tests, s'il vous plaît.

Hand out the tests, please.

Imperative form for giving a polite command.

7

Elle distribue les cadeaux.

She is handing out the gifts.

Present tense with a plural direct object.

8

Ils distribuent les feuilles.

They are handing out the sheets of paper.

Present tense, third person plural.

1

Le facteur distribue le courrier tous les matins.

The postman delivers the mail every morning.

Vocabulary related to daily routines and professions.

2

J'ai distribué des prospectus dans la rue.

I handed out flyers in the street.

Passé composé with auxiliary 'avoir'.

3

C'est à toi de distribuer les cartes.

It's your turn to deal the cards.

Expression 'C'est à toi de' + infinitive.

4

Nous allons distribuer des repas chauds.

We are going to distribute hot meals.

Futur proche used for planned actions.

5

Elle a distribué les invitations hier.

She handed out the invitations yesterday.

Passé composé with a specific time marker.

6

Il faut distribuer ces documents rapidement.

We must distribute these documents quickly.

Impersonal expression 'Il faut' + infinitive.

7

Les enfants aiment distribuer les journaux.

The children like to deliver the newspapers.

Verb expressing preference + infinitive.

8

Qui va distribuer les boissons ce soir ?

Who is going to hand out the drinks tonight?

Interrogative pronoun 'Qui' as the subject.

1

L'entreprise distribue ses produits dans toute la France.

The company distributes its products throughout France.

Business vocabulary and geographical context.

2

Il est important de bien distribuer les tâches dans l'équipe.

It is important to distribute the tasks well within the team.

Abstract usage: distributing tasks/workload.

3

Ce magazine gratuit se distribue à la sortie du métro.

This free magazine is distributed at the subway exit.

Pronominal passive form 'se distribuer'.

4

Les bénévoles distribuaient des vêtements quand il a commencé à pleuvoir.

The volunteers were distributing clothes when it started to rain.

Imparfait used for an ongoing past action interrupted by another.

5

Nous avons un nouveau réseau pour distribuer nos marchandises.

We have a new network to distribute our goods.

Commercial vocabulary: réseau, marchandises.

6

Le réalisateur n'a pas encore fini de distribuer les rôles.

The director hasn't finished casting the roles yet.

Idiomatic usage in the arts: distribuer les rôles (casting).

7

Si j'étais le chef, je distribuerais les primes différemment.

If I were the boss, I would distribute the bonuses differently.

Conditionnel présent in a hypothetical 'si' clause.

8

Ils ont été embauchés pour distribuer des échantillons de parfum.

They were hired to hand out perfume samples.

Passive voice 'ont été embauchés' + pour + infinitive.

1

Le gouvernement cherche à mieux distribuer les richesses nationales.

The government is seeking to better distribute national wealth.

Abstract economic concept: distributing wealth.

2

Les aides financières ont été distribuées aux familles les plus touchées.

Financial aid was distributed to the most affected families.

Passive voice in the passé composé with agreement.

3

Il est essentiel que nous distribuions ces informations avant la conférence.

It is essential that we distribute this information before the conference.

Subjunctive mood triggered by 'Il est essentiel que'.

4

La Croix-Rouge a mis en place un système pour distribuer l'eau potable.

The Red Cross set up a system to distribute drinking water.

Complex sentence structure with advanced vocabulary.

5

Le poids du bâtiment doit être distribué uniformément sur les fondations.

The weight of the building must be distributed evenly on the foundations.

Technical/architectural usage of the verb.

6

Bien qu'ils aient distribué des milliers de tracts, la salle était vide.

Although they distributed thousands of flyers, the room was empty.

Concession clause with 'Bien que' + subjunctive past.

7

C'est une entreprise spécialisée dans la façon de distribuer l'énergie solaire.

It's a company specialized in how to distribute solar energy.

Use of a nominal phrase 'la façon de' + infinitive.

8

Le professeur a distribué la parole de manière équitable pendant le débat.

The teacher distributed speaking time fairly during the debate.

Metaphorical usage: distributing the right to speak.

1

La logistique moderne permet de distribuer des denrées périssables à l'échelle mondiale.

Modern logistics allows for the distribution of perishable goods on a global scale.

Advanced vocabulary and complex sentence structure.

2

L'enjeu politique majeur réside dans la capacité à distribuer équitablement les ressources fiscales.

The major political challenge lies in the ability to equitably distribute tax resources.

Formal political and economic discourse.

3

L'auteur distribue habilement les indices tout au long du roman policier.

The author skillfully distributes clues throughout the detective novel.

Literary analysis context.

4

Il s'agit d'un algorithme complexe conçu pour distribuer la charge de calcul sur plusieurs serveurs.

It is a complex algorithm designed to distribute the computational load across multiple servers.

Highly technical IT vocabulary.

5

La richesse mondiale se distribue de manière de plus en plus asymétrique.

Global wealth is being distributed in an increasingly asymmetrical manner.

Pronominal passive used to describe a systemic trend.

6

Le roi, dans sa grande mansuétude, distribua des terres à ses vassaux les plus fidèles.

The king, in his great leniency, distributed lands to his most loyal vassals.

Passé simple used in a historical/literary narrative.

7

C'est en distribuant le pouvoir que les institutions démocratiques évitent la tyrannie.

It is by distributing power that democratic institutions avoid tyranny.

Gérondif (en distribuant) expressing means or method.

8

La stratégie marketing visait à distribuer le produit via des canaux exclusifs.

The marketing strategy aimed to distribute the product via exclusive channels.

Advanced business strategy terminology.

1

L'architecture du réseau électrique a été repensée pour distribuer l'énergie de façon décentralisée.

The architecture of the electrical grid was redesigned to distribute energy in a decentralized manner.

Highly specialized technical phrasing.

2

Dans cette tragédie classique, le dramaturge distribue les fatalités avec une ironie mordante.

In this classical tragedy, the playwright distributes fatalities with biting irony.

Deep literary criticism and metaphorical usage.

3

La mondialisation a profondément altéré la manière dont les chaînes de valeur se distribuent géographiquement.

Globalization has profoundly altered the way value chains are distributed geographically.

Advanced macroeconomic analysis.

4

Il est impératif d'analyser comment les subventions étatiques ont été distribuées au cours de la dernière décennie.

It is imperative to analyze how state subsidies have been distributed over the last decade.

Formal bureaucratic and analytical language.

5

La phylogéographie étudie comment les lignées génétiques se sont distribuées à travers les continents.

Phylogeography studies how genetic lineages have been distributed across continents.

Highly specialized scientific terminology.

6

L'orateur a su distribuer ses effets oratoires avec une maestria qui a captivé l'auditoire.

The speaker knew how to distribute his oratorical effects with a mastery that captivated the audience.

Abstract usage referring to rhetorical pacing.

7

Toute la difficulté réside dans l'art de distribuer les nuances chromatiques sur la toile.

The whole difficulty lies in the art of distributing chromatic nuances on the canvas.

Artistic and aesthetic terminology.

8

Les cartes ayant été distribuées par le destin, il ne lui restait plus qu'à jouer sa main avec panache.

The cards having been dealt by fate, he had nothing left to do but play his hand with panache.

Absolute participial phrase used for dramatic literary effect.

ترکیب‌های رایج

distribuer le courrier
distribuer des prospectus
distribuer les cartes
distribuer des tracts
distribuer les rôles
distribuer des repas
distribuer des cadeaux
distribuer des dividendes
se distribuer gratuitement
facile à distribuer

عبارات رایج

distribuer à tout va

distribuer les bons points

distribuer des coups

se faire distribuer

distribuer la parole

distribuer le jeu

machine à distribuer

réseau pour distribuer

prêt à distribuer

finir de distribuer

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

distribuer vs partager (to share)

distribuer vs répartir (to allocate)

distribuer vs livrer (to deliver a specific item to a specific place)

اصطلاحات و عبارات

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به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

distribuer vs

distribuer vs

distribuer vs

distribuer vs

distribuer vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

نحوه استفاده

spatial

Frequently paired with locations indicating the scope of distribution (dans la rue, en Europe, à travers le pays).

temporal

Often used with time markers indicating a routine (tous les matins) or a specific event (avant la réunion).

quantitative

Often used with plural nouns or collective nouns representing large quantities (des milliers de tracts, les richesses).

اشتباهات رایج
  • Using 'pour' instead of 'à' to indicate the recipient (e.g., saying 'distribuer pour les enfants' instead of 'distribuer aux enfants').
  • Confusing 'distribuer' with 'partager' when talking about sharing a single item among a group.
  • Using 'distribuer' instead of 'livrer' when talking about delivering a specific order like a pizza or a single package to a house.
  • Forgetting to use the reflexive pronoun in passive constructions (e.g., saying 'le journal distribue' instead of 'le journal se distribue').
  • Mispronouncing the final 'er' in the infinitive as a hard 'R' sound instead of the correct 'é' sound.

نکات

Always use 'à' for the recipient

When you want to say you are distributing something TO someone, always use the preposition 'à'. Do not use 'pour'. Example: 'Je distribue les livres aux (à + les) enfants.' This is a very common mistake for English speakers.

Card Games Context

If you enjoy playing cards, memorize the phrase 'distribuer les cartes'. It translates directly to 'to deal the cards'. You will hear this constantly in social settings in France.

Distribuer vs Partager

Remember the pizza rule. If you have one pizza and you cut it up to eat with friends, you 'partager' (share) it. If you have 10 separate mini-pizzas and you hand one to each person, you 'distribuer' them.

Corporate Logistics

In a business context, 'distribuer' is the go-to verb for supply chain logistics. It means getting products from the factory to the stores. The noun 'la grande distribution' refers to the supermarket industry.

Silent 'R'

Like all regular -er verbs, the final 'r' in the infinitive 'distribuer' is silent. It is pronounced exactly like the past participle 'distribué'. Keep this in mind to sound more native.

Using the Pronominal Form

To sound more advanced, use 'se distribuer' for passive actions. Instead of saying 'On distribue le magazine', say 'Le magazine se distribue'. It sounds much more natural in journalistic or formal contexts.

Casting in Cinema

In the film and theater industry, 'distribuer les rôles' means to cast the actors. The cast list itself is called 'la distribution'. This is a great idiomatic use to know for cultural conversations.

Watch the 'u'

Make sure not to forget the 'u' before the 'e' in the conjugation. It's 'je distribue', not 'je distribe'. The 'u' is necessary to maintain the correct vowel sound.

When to use Répartir

If you are distributing things with a specific focus on making it fair, balanced, or calculated (like a budget or a heavy workload), use 'répartir' instead of 'distribuer'. It implies a strategic division.

The Postman's Job

Associate the word with the daily mail. 'Le facteur distribue le courrier' is one of the most common and practical sentences you can learn to remember the meaning of this verb.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine a DISTRIBUTOR truck handing out BERries (buer) to everyone in town.

ریشه کلمه

Latin

بافت فرهنگی

Appropriate in all registers, from casual card games to formal economic reports.

When used in the context of wealth or resources, it often carries political undertones related to social justice and the welfare state (l'État-providence).

Universally understood across all Francophone regions without significant variation.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Qui va distribuer les cartes pour la prochaine partie ?"

"Avez-vous vu les étudiants distribuer des tracts devant la gare ?"

"Comment l'entreprise prévoit-elle de distribuer ses nouveaux produits ?"

"Est-ce que le facteur a déjà fini de distribuer le courrier aujourd'hui ?"

"Pourquoi est-il si difficile de distribuer équitablement les richesses ?"

موضوعات نگارش

Décrivez une fois où vous avez dû distribuer quelque chose à un grand groupe de personnes.

Selon vous, comment le gouvernement devrait-il distribuer les aides financières ?

Racontez un souvenir lié à un jeu de cartes où vous deviez distribuer les cartes.

Expliquez comment les supermarchés font pour distribuer autant de produits frais tous les jours.

Si vous aviez un million d'euros à distribuer à des associations, comment feriez-vous ?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Distribuer means to hand things out systematically to multiple people, like a teacher handing out tests. Partager means to share something, often a single item divided into pieces, or a mutual experience. You distribuer flyers, but you partager a pizza. Distribuer is more top-down, while partager is more communal. Using them interchangeably is a common mistake.

The exact phrase is 'distribuer les cartes'. It is the standard term used in all card games. You can also just say 'C'est à moi de distribuer' (It's my turn to deal). The person dealing is sometimes called 'le donneur', but the action is always distribuer.

It almost always takes the preposition 'à' to indicate the recipient. For example, 'Je distribue les cahiers aux élèves' (I hand out the notebooks to the students). Using 'pour' (for) in this context is a direct translation error from English and sounds unnatural in French.

Yes, absolutely. While it is commonly used for physical items like mail or flyers, it is frequently used for abstract concepts like 'distribuer les rôles' (to cast roles in a play), 'distribuer les tâches' (to assign tasks), or 'distribuer la richesse' (to distribute wealth). This abstract usage is more common at intermediate and advanced levels.

A 'distributeur' can refer to a person who distributes things, but in everyday language, it most commonly refers to a machine. 'Un distributeur automatique' is a vending machine, and 'un distributeur de billets' is an ATM (cash machine). It can also refer to a distribution company in business.

It is a completely regular -er verb. The conjugations are: je distribue, tu distribues, il/elle/on distribue, nous distribuons, vous distribuez, ils/elles distribuent. The pronunciation of the singular forms and the third person plural is identical: /dis.tʁi.by/.

'Se distribuer' is the pronominal form of the verb. It is often used to express a passive idea where the object is the focus, not the person distributing it. For example, 'Ce journal se distribue gratuitement' means 'This newspaper is distributed for free'. It highlights the process rather than the agent.

Yes, it is used in mathematics to describe the distributive property. For example, you might hear 'distribuer la multiplication sur l'addition'. The related adjective 'distributif' (distributive) is also used in this academic context.

No, that would sound strange. For delivering a specific order like a pizza or a package to a specific address, you should use the verb 'livrer' (to deliver). Distribuer implies handing out multiple items to multiple different people or locations, like a postman with a bag of mail.

The most common noun form is 'la distribution'. It means the act of distributing, the distribution network in business, or the cast of actors in a movie or play. Another noun is 'le distributeur', which refers to the person or machine doing the distributing.

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