این صفحه به زبان شما

English

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

B1 noun #1,800 پرکاربردترین 13 دقیقه مطالعه

締め切り

shimekiri رتبه 1,800

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 締め切り در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 締め切り in your Level:

When you are just starting to learn Japanese at the A1 level, understanding the concept of a deadline is very important for your daily life, school, and work. The word for deadline in Japanese is 締め切り (shimekiri). It is a noun that you will hear very often in many different situations. For example, when your Japanese teacher gives you homework, they will tell you the shimekiri. If you want to say 'The deadline is tomorrow', you can use very simple grammar and say 'shimekiri wa ashita desu' (締め切りは明日です). This is a very simple, polite, and useful sentence that you can use immediately. You can also ask questions about the deadline. If you don't know when your homework is due, you can ask your teacher, 'shimekiri wa itsu desu ka?' (締め切りはいつですか？), which means 'When is the deadline?'. The word is made of two parts, but at this level, you just need to remember the whole word 'shimekiri'. It is useful to write this word down in your calendar or notebook when you have important things to do. You might also see this word written on forms or posters, sometimes just as 締切. Learning this word early will help you stay organized and be a good student or worker in Japan. Practice saying it clearly: shi-me-ki-ri. It has four syllables and is easy to pronounce. Remember, in Japan, being on time is very important, so knowing your shimekiri is the first step to success.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the A2 level, you can start using 締め切り (shimekiri) with more descriptive verbs and adjectives to express more complex situations. You already know that it means 'deadline', but now you can talk about how close the deadline is or what you need to do before it arrives. For example, if you have a lot of work and the deadline is very near, you can say 'shimekiri ga chikai desu' (締め切りが近いです), meaning 'The deadline is near'. If you want to say that a deadline has passed, you can use the past tense of the verb 'sugiru' (to pass) and say 'shimekiri ga sugimashita' (締め切りが過ぎました). This is very useful if you made a mistake and missed a date. Also, you need to learn the very important particle 'made ni' (までに), which means 'by' a certain time. If you want to say 'Please submit it by the deadline', you say 'shimekiri made ni teishutsu shite kudasai' (締め切りまでに提出してください). This is a phrase you will hear constantly from teachers and bosses. You can also combine shimekiri with other words, like 'shimekiribi' (締め切り日), which means 'deadline date'. At this level, you should practice listening for this word in announcements and reading it on simple notices. Understanding when something is due and being able to communicate about it effectively will make your life in Japan much smoother and help you build trust with the people around you.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

Reaching the B1 level means you are ready to use 締め切り (shimekiri) in more natural, native-like collocations, especially in professional or academic environments. At this stage, you must master the verbs that pair specifically with this noun. The most important pair is 'shimekiri o mamoru' (締め切りを守る), which means 'to keep/meet a deadline'. This phrase highlights the Japanese cultural emphasis on punctuality as a form of protecting a promise. Conversely, 'shimekiri o yaburu' (締め切りを破る) means 'to miss/break a deadline', which carries a heavy negative nuance. You will also frequently encounter the passive expression 'shimekiri ni owareru' (締め切りに追われる), translating to 'being chased by a deadline'. This perfectly describes the stressful feeling of having an impending due date and is a very common way Japanese people express being busy. Furthermore, you should be able to negotiate deadlines. If you need more time, you can ask to extend it using the verb 'nobasu' (延ばす): 'shimekiri o nobashite moraemasen ka?' (締め切りを延ばしてもらえませんか？). You will also start distinguishing between shimekiri and similar words like 'kigen' (期限 - time limit). While they are often interchangeable, shimekiri has a stronger nuance of 'closing the door' on applications or submissions. By mastering these intermediate collocations and nuances, you will sound much more natural and be able to navigate standard business and academic situations with confidence and cultural appropriateness.

At the B2 level, your use of 締め切り (shimekiri) should be sophisticated enough to handle complex business negotiations, formal emails, and nuanced professional situations. You are expected to understand and use this term within polite business Japanese (keigo). For instance, when gently reminding a client or colleague about an approaching deadline without sounding demanding, you might write, 'shimekiri ga chikazuite orimasu node, go kakunin no hodo yoroshiku onegai itashimasu' (締め切りが近づいておりますので、ご確認のほどよろしくお願いいたします). You also need to understand the administrative nuances of the word. For example, in application processes, you must distinguish between 'keshiin yukou' (消印有効 - valid if postmarked by the deadline) and 'hitchaku' (必着 - must arrive by the deadline). These are critical distinctions in Japanese bureaucracy. Furthermore, you should be comfortable using compound terms like 'saishuu shimekiri' (最終締め切り - final deadline) or 'genkou shimekiri' (原稿締め切り - manuscript deadline). At this level, you also understand the cultural weight of the word: missing a deadline in a Japanese corporate setting is not just a scheduling error; it is a breach of trust that requires a formal apology (shimatsusho) in severe cases. You should be able to articulate the reasons for a delay professionally and propose alternative solutions. Your vocabulary around time management should be robust, allowing you to discuss project timelines, bottlenecks, and deadline management (shimekiri kanri) fluently in meetings.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C1 advanced level, your comprehension of 締め切り (shimekiri) extends beyond practical usage into abstract, psychological, and idiomatic realms. You understand the profound cultural anxiety and narrative tropes associated with deadlines in Japan. You can comfortably read and discuss literature or articles where the 'shimekiri' acts almost as a character itself—a relentless force that drives the plot, especially in contexts concerning writers, manga artists, and the publishing industry. You are familiar with expressions like 'shimekiri gishiki' (the ritual of the deadline) or the intense 'kanzume' (canning) process where authors are locked in hotels by editors until they meet their shimekiri. In high-level business contexts, you can debate the efficacy of strict deadlines versus flexible agile methodologies, using terms like 'shimekiri no keigai-ka' (the hollowing out/loss of meaning of deadlines when constantly extended). You can flawlessly navigate the subtle differences between shimekiri, kigen, nouki, and kijitsu, knowing exactly which term applies to legal contracts, manufacturing logistics, or creative submissions. Your command of the language allows you to use humor and irony regarding deadlines, perhaps quoting famous authors who notoriously missed theirs. You can write persuasive proposals arguing for the adjustment of project timelines, using sophisticated grammar to soften the blow of a delayed shimekiri while maintaining absolute professionalism and authority.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C2 mastery level, your grasp of 締め切り (shimekiri) is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You possess a deep etymological understanding of the word, recognizing how the physical acts of 'tightening' (締める) and 'cutting' (切る) historically evolved into the abstract concept of a temporal boundary. You can analyze the sociological impact of deadline culture on Japanese society, discussing phenomena like 'karoushi' (death by overwork) in relation to the extreme pressure of meeting corporate shimekiri. You are capable of reading complex legal documents, historical texts, and bureaucratic regulations where deadlines are stipulated in archaic or highly formalized language. You can seamlessly translate the cultural weight of a Japanese shimekiri into other languages, recognizing that a deadline in Japan often carries a heavier moral obligation than in some Western cultures. In professional discourse, you can lead high-stakes negotiations regarding contract terminations, penalty clauses for missed deadlines (chitai shoukin), and the strategic setting of artificial deadlines to drive organizational efficiency. You appreciate the aesthetic and literary expressions of time running out, and can engage in philosophical discussions about how the rigid structure of the shimekiri shapes the Japanese perception of time, duty, and professional identity. Your usage is flawless, contextually perfect, and culturally profound.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

締め切り در ۳۰ ثانیه

Means 'deadline' or 'cutoff date'.
Used for homework, projects, and applications.
Combine with 'mamoru' to say 'keep a deadline'.
Use particle 'made ni' to say 'by the deadline'.

The Japanese word 締め切り (shimekiri) is a fundamental vocabulary item that translates directly to 'deadline' in English. Understanding the deep nuances of this word is absolutely essential for anyone looking to navigate the Japanese business world, academic environment, or even daily administrative tasks. The word itself is a compound noun, derived from the verb 締める (shimeru), which means to tie, to fasten, or to tighten, and the verb 切る (kiru), which means to cut. When you combine these two distinct concepts, you get a vivid, almost physical image of tying something off and cutting it, symbolizing a definitive end, a hard stop, or a final boundary. This is exactly what a deadline represents in Japanese culture: a strict point in time after which no further additions, changes, or submissions are accepted under normal circumstances.

Etymology: The combination of tightening and cutting perfectly encapsulates the finality of a deadline in Japanese society, where punctuality is highly revered.

In professional settings across Japan, adhering to a 締め切り is not just a matter of good personal time management; it is a fundamental reflection of your reliability, trustworthiness, and respect for other people's time and efforts. Missing a deadline can severely damage your professional reputation and cause a massive ripple effect of delays for your team, your managers, and your clients.

明日の午後五時がレポートの締め切りです。

Therefore, you will frequently hear this word in important meetings, read it in urgent emails, and see it highlighted in red on project management tools and calendars. Beyond the corporate world, this word is equally ubiquitous in educational settings. Students from elementary school to university are constantly reminded of the 締め切り for their homework, research papers, and scholarship applications.

Academic Usage: Teachers and professors use this term to establish clear boundaries for grading and academic progression throughout the semester.

The psychological weight of the word is significant; it often induces a sense of urgency and sometimes stress, commonly referred to as being 'chased by a deadline' (締め切りに追われる).

彼はいつも締め切りに追われていて、とても忙しそうです。

This phrase vividly paints the picture of a deadline as a relentless pursuer, a common trope in Japanese media, especially concerning manga artists and novelists who work under notoriously tight schedules.

漫画家は締め切りを守るために徹夜しました。

Furthermore, in everyday administrative life, you will encounter this word when dealing with utility bills, tax payments, event registrations, and government paperwork.

Daily Life: Missing an administrative deadline can result in late fees, cancellation of services, or missed opportunities for public benefits.

The concept is so deeply ingrained in the society that there are even specific terms for the exact moment a deadline passes, and the relief that follows.

願書の締め切りは今週の金曜日です。

Understanding 締め切り is not just about translating a vocabulary word; it is about grasping a core cultural pillar of Japanese society that values order, predictability, and mutual respect through strict time management. Whether you are a student, a professional, or a tourist filling out forms, mastering the usage and cultural weight of this word will significantly smooth your interactions and help you avoid unnecessary complications.

この仕事の締め切りを教えてください。

It is a word that commands attention and action, serving as the temporal anchor for countless projects and daily tasks across the nation.

Using the word 締め切り (shimekiri) correctly in Japanese involves understanding the specific verbs and particles that naturally collocate with it. Because a deadline is a point in time that dictates action, the grammar surrounding it is highly specific and essential for clear communication. The most common and important verb used with 締め切り is 守る (mamoru), which means to protect, keep, or observe. When you say 締め切りを守る (shimekiri o mamoru), you are stating that you will meet the deadline, submitting your work on time.

Collocation: Mamoru: Using mamoru emphasizes the duty and responsibility of keeping your promise regarding time, reflecting the high value placed on punctuality.

Conversely, if you fail to meet the deadline, you use the verb 破る (yaburu), meaning to break or tear. 締め切りを破る (shimekiri o yaburu) means to miss the deadline, which carries a strong negative connotation of breaking a promise or trust.

社会人として、締め切りを守るのは当然のことです。

Another crucial set of verbs relates to the movement of the deadline itself. If you need more time, you might ask to extend the deadline, which is 締め切りを延ばす (shimekiri o nobasu). When a deadline is getting closer, you use the verb 迫る (semaru), meaning to approach or draw near. 締め切りが迫っている (shimekiri ga sematte iru) is a very common phrase used to express the urgency of an impending due date.

プロジェクトの締め切りが迫っていて、みんな焦っています。

In terms of particles, the most critical distinction to master is between に (ni) and までに (made ni). When you want to say that something must be submitted *by* a certain deadline, you absolutely must use までに.

Particle: Made Ni: Made ni indicates a limit for an action to be completed. It means 'no later than' the specified time, which is the exact function of a deadline.

For example, 締め切りまでに提出してください (shimekiri made ni teishutsu shite kudasai) means 'Please submit it by the deadline.' Using just に or まで would be grammatically incorrect or change the nuance entirely in this context.

必ず締め切りまでに書類を提出してください。

You will also frequently see 締め切り used as a modifier for other nouns, creating compound phrases. For instance, 締め切り日 (shimekiribi) means the deadline date, and 締め切り時間 (shimekirijikan) means the deadline time. Another very common and highly expressive phrase is 締め切りに追われる (shimekiri ni owareru), which translates literally to 'being chased by a deadline.' This passive construction perfectly captures the feeling of having too much work and too little time, a sentiment understood universally but expressed uniquely in Japanese.

毎月末は締め切りに追われて残業が多くなります。

Furthermore, when a deadline has passed, you can say 締め切りが過ぎた (shimekiri ga sugita). If a submission is closed because the deadline has passed, you might see signs or website notices saying 締め切りました (shimekirimashita), meaning 'We have closed (submissions).'

Status: Closed: When an application period ends, the verb form shimekirimashita is used to clearly state that no more entries are being accepted.

Mastering these specific verbs, particles, and common phrases will elevate your Japanese from basic vocabulary recognition to natural, fluent usage in highly practical situations.

申し訳ありませんが、応募はすでに締め切りました。

Whether you are promising to deliver a report, asking for a slight extension, or expressing your stress about an upcoming due date, knowing how to manipulate the word 締め切り within a sentence is a vital skill for effective communication in Japan.

The word 締め切り (shimekiri) is ubiquitous in Japanese society, echoing through the halls of corporate offices, academic institutions, and even in the quiet corners of daily domestic life. Its prevalence is a testament to the structured, schedule-oriented nature of modern Japan. In the workplace, 締め切り is arguably one of the most frequently spoken and written words. It dictates the rhythm of project management, client deliverables, and internal reporting.

Corporate Environment: In business, deadlines are sacred. Missing one without prior consultation is considered a severe breach of professional etiquette and trust.

You will see it in the subject lines of urgent emails, hear it in morning stand-up meetings (chourei), and find it bolded in project specification documents.

企画書の締め切りは明日の午前中です。

Beyond the standard office environment, the publishing and creative industries in Japan have a particularly intense relationship with this word. Manga artists (mangaka), novelists, and freelance writers are famously known for their grueling battles with the 締め切り. In these fields, the deadline is an absolute law dictated by printing schedules and magazine release dates. The stress of the impending shimekiri is a common theme in behind-the-scenes documentaries and even in the stories themselves.

編集者が締め切りの催促の電話をかけてきた。

Moving to the academic sphere, students are introduced to the concept of 締め切り early in their educational journey. From elementary school book reports to university graduation theses, the educational system uses deadlines to teach discipline and time management.

Educational Sphere: Professors strictly enforce deadlines, and late submissions often result in significant grade penalties or outright rejection of the work.

You will hear students anxiously discussing their progress as the deadline approaches, often organizing study groups to ensure everyone finishes on time.

卒論の締め切りに間に合わせるために徹夜した。

In everyday personal life, 締め切り appears on countless forms and notices. When you apply for a credit card, register for a language proficiency test like the JLPT, or enter a lottery for concert tickets, there is always a strict application deadline (応募締め切り - oubo shimekiri). Even mundane tasks like paying utility bills or municipal taxes have strict deadlines that, if missed, result in warning letters and late fees.

税金の支払いの締め切りを忘れないでください。

Furthermore, during seasonal events like the end-of-year tax adjustments (nenmatsu chousei) or the sending of New Year's cards (nengajou), the entire country operates on shared, national deadlines.

National Events: The post office sets a specific deadline in late December to guarantee that New Year's cards are delivered exactly on January 1st.

In short, 締め切り is not a word confined to a specific niche; it is a universal concept that structures the flow of time and responsibility across all facets of life in Japan.

年賀状を元旦に届けるための締め切りは25日です。

Recognizing where and how this word appears will greatly enhance your ability to function smoothly and responsibly within Japanese society.

When learning and using the word 締め切り (shimekiri), Japanese learners frequently encounter a few specific pitfalls that can lead to misunderstandings or grammatical errors. The most common and arguably the most critical mistake involves the incorrect use of particles, specifically confusing に (ni) with までに (made ni). Because a deadline is a point in time, learners often instinctively use the time particle に. However, when expressing that an action must be completed *by* a deadline, you must use までに.

Particle Error: Saying 'shimekiri ni teishutsu suru' sounds like you are aiming to submit it exactly at the moment of the deadline, which is unnatural. 'Made ni' correctly sets the limit.

Therefore, the correct phrasing is 締め切りまでに提出する (shimekiri made ni teishutsu suru).

✖ 締め切りに提出する。 / 〇締め切りまでに提出する。

Another frequent mistake is confusing 締め切り with similar but distinct concepts like 期間 (kikan - period) or 期限 (kigen - time limit). While 期限 is very close in meaning and often interchangeable, 期間 refers to a duration of time (e.g., from Monday to Friday), not the final endpoint. A learner might mistakenly say 'This project's shimekiri is three weeks,' which is incorrect. You should say the *kikan* is three weeks, or the *shimekiri* is in three weeks.

このキャンペーンの締め切りは明日です。（期間ではありません）

Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with the correct verbs to pair with 締め切り. Direct translations from English can lead to awkward phrasing. For example, in English, we say 'meet a deadline.' A direct translation might lead a learner to say 締め切りに会う (shimekiri ni au), which makes no sense in Japanese.

Verb Collocation: The correct verb for 'meeting' or 'keeping' a deadline is 守る (mamoru - to protect), and for 'missing' it is 破る (yaburu - to break) or 遅れる (okureru - to be late).

You must learn these specific collocations as set phrases.

彼は決して締め切りを破りません。

Additionally, there is a spelling and writing nuance. The word can be written as 締め切り, 締切り, or simply 締切. While all are technically correct and read the same way, learners sometimes mix them up within the same document, which looks unprofessional. Finally, a subtle cultural mistake is treating a 締め切り as a flexible suggestion rather than a hard rule. In some cultures, deadlines are negotiable; in Japan, especially in business, they are generally absolute unless negotiated well in advance.

Cultural Nuance: Assuming you can submit something late without prior apology and permission is a major faux pas that can damage professional relationships.

Understanding these grammatical rules, vocabulary distinctions, and cultural expectations will help you use 締め切り accurately and professionally.

締め切りに遅れる場合は、必ず事前に連絡してください。

By avoiding these common pitfalls, you demonstrate not only linguistic competence but also a deep respect for Japanese business and social etiquette.

While 締め切り (shimekiri) is the most common and versatile word for 'deadline' in Japanese, there are several other words that convey similar concepts of time limits, due dates, and endings. Understanding the subtle differences between these synonyms is crucial for achieving advanced fluency and choosing the exact right word for the context. The closest and most frequently confused synonym is 期限 (kigen).

Kigen vs Shimekiri: While shimekiri implies a specific point in time when a door closes on submissions, kigen often implies the absolute limit of a valid period, such as an expiration date.

For example, you use 期限 for the expiration date of a passport, a visa, or a coupon (有効期限 - yuukou kigen). You would not use 締め切り in these cases.

パスポートの有効期限が切れています。（締め切りは使えません）

However, for a project due date, 提出期限 (teishutsu kigen - submission time limit) and 提出締め切り (teishutsu shimekiri) are virtually interchangeable, though 期限 sounds slightly more formal and bureaucratic. Another highly specific business term is 納期 (nouki). If you are ordering custom parts from a factory, the date they must arrive is the 納期. While it acts as a deadline for the factory, you would not call your homework due date a 納期.

お客様に商品の納期を確認します。

Then there is 期日 (kijitsu), which translates to 'appointed day' or 'due date.' This word is very formal and is often used in legal, financial, or strict contractual contexts.

Kijitsu: Kijitsu refers to a specifically agreed-upon date for a transaction, payment, or legal proceeding to take place.

For instance, the due date for a promissory note or a court appearance is a 期日. It lacks the 'closing' nuance of 締め切り and focuses purely on the agreed-upon date.

支払いの期日を厳守してください。

We also have 終期 (shuuki), meaning the end of a period, which is the direct antonym of 始期 (shiki - beginning of a period). This is highly academic or legal and rarely used in daily conversation. Finally, the word リミット (rimitto), borrowed from the English 'limit,' is sometimes used in casual or modern business contexts to mean a time limit or deadline (e.g., タイムリミット - time limit).

Loanwords: While rimitto is understood, it sounds more dramatic or casual and lacks the traditional, formal weight of shimekiri or kigen.

By distinguishing between 締め切り (general deadline/closing), 期限 (validity time limit), 納期 (delivery date), and 期日 (appointed formal date), you can navigate complex Japanese professional and administrative environments with precision and confidence.

それぞれの言葉のニュアンスを理解して、締め切りと使い分けましょう。

Each word has its specific domain, and mastering them is a hallmark of an advanced Japanese speaker.

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

までに (by a certain time)

〜に間に合う (to be in time for)

〜に遅れる (to be late for)

〜てしまう (completion/regret - e.g., 締め切りが過ぎてしまった)

使役受身 (Causative-passive - e.g., 締め切りに追われる)

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

締め切りは明日です。

The deadline is tomorrow.

Noun + は + Noun + です

宿題の締め切りはいつですか？

When is the homework deadline?

Noun + の + Noun

締め切りは金曜日です。

The deadline is Friday.

Simple copula sentence.

これは締め切りです。

This is the deadline.

Demonstrative pronoun + は

締め切りがありません。

There is no deadline.

Noun + が + ありません (existence)

今日の締め切りは終わりました。

Today's deadline has finished.

Past tense of verb.

締め切りは12時です。

The deadline is 12 o'clock.

Time expression.

私の締め切りは今日です。

My deadline is today.

Possessive particle の.

締め切りが近いです。

The deadline is near.

Noun + が + Adjective

締め切りまでに提出してください。

Please submit it by the deadline.

までに (by the time limit) + てください (request)

締め切りを忘れました。

I forgot the deadline.

Noun + を + Transitive Verb (past)

レポートの締め切りは来週の月曜日です。

The report's deadline is next Monday.

Multiple の particles linking nouns.

締め切りが過ぎました。

The deadline has passed.

Intransitive verb 過ぎる.

締め切りはもうすぐです。

The deadline is very soon.

Adverb もうすぐ.

新しい締め切りを教えてください。

Please tell me the new deadline.

Adjective + Noun + を + Verb.

締め切りに間に合いました。

I made it in time for the deadline.

Noun + に + 間に合う (to be in time).

社会人として締め切りを守るのは当然です。

As a working adult, keeping deadlines is a matter of course.

Verb dictionary form + のは (nominalization)

締め切りに追われていて、休む暇がありません。

I'm pressed by deadlines and have no time to rest.

Passive form 追われる + ていて (ongoing state)

申し訳ありませんが、締め切りを一日延ばしていただけませんか。

I apologize, but could you extend the deadline by one day?

Causative-passive request 延ばしていただけませんか

応募の締め切りは、今月末日の消印有効です。

The application deadline is valid if postmarked by the last day of this month.

Specific administrative vocabulary (消印有効)

締め切りを破ると、信用を失いますよ。

If you miss the deadline, you will lose trust.

Conditional と (natural consequence)

最終締め切りが迫っているので、急いでください。

The final deadline is approaching, so please hurry.

Verb ている (continuous state) + ので (reason)

なんとか締め切りに間に合わせることができました。

I somehow managed to make it in time for the deadline.

Causative form 間に合わせる + ことができる (ability)

この仕事は締め切りが厳しいです。

The deadline for this job is strict.

Adjective 厳しい describing the noun.

締め切りが近づいておりますので、進捗状況をご報告ください。

As the deadline is approaching, please report on your progress.

Keigo (humble/polite forms: おります, ご報告)

万が一締め切りに遅れる場合は、必ず事前にご連絡をお願いいたします。

In the unlikely event that you will be late for the deadline, please be sure to contact us in advance.

Conditional 場合は + Formal request

度重なる仕様変更により、当初の締め切りを守ることが困難な状況です。

Due to repeated specification changes, it is difficult to meet the original deadline.

Formal cause/reason により

本日の17時をもちまして、エントリーの受け付けを締め切らせていただきました。

As of 17:00 today, we have closed the acceptance of entries.

Causative-passive humble form 締め切らせていただきました

原稿の締め切りを巡って、作家と編集者の間で激しいやり取りがあった。

There was a fierce exchange between the author and the editor over the manuscript deadline.

を巡って (concerning/over)

締め切り直前になって慌てないように、計画的に作業を進めましょう。

Let's proceed with the work systematically so we don't panic right before the deadline.

ように (so that) + Negative verb

クライアントから締め切りの前倒しを要求され、現場は混乱している。

The client requested the deadline be moved forward, causing confusion on the ground.

Passive voice 要求される + 前倒し (moving forward)

このプロジェクトは、絶対に締め切りを厳守しなければならない。

For this project, the deadline must absolutely be strictly observed.

Strong obligation なければならない + 厳守 (strict observance)

締め切りという絶対的な制約があるからこそ、クリエイティブな発想が生まれることもある。

It is precisely because of the absolute constraint of a deadline that creative ideas are sometimes born.

からこそ (precisely because) + 抽象名詞 (abstract nouns)

彼は締め切りが過ぎてから本気を出すという、困った悪癖を持っている。

He has a troublesome bad habit of only getting serious after the deadline has passed.

という (apposition defining the habit)

度重なる締め切りの延長は、プロジェクト全体の士気低下を招きかねない。

Repeated extensions of the deadline could potentially lead to a decline in morale for the entire project.

かねない (potential for a negative outcome)

編集者は、作家が締め切りから逃亡しないようにホテルに缶詰にした。

The editor locked the author in a hotel (canned them) so they wouldn't escape from the deadline.

Idiomatic expression 缶詰にする (to can/confine)

法的な手続きにおいては、一日でも締め切りを徒過すれば取り返しのつかない事態になる。

In legal procedures, missing the deadline by even one day will result in an irreversible situation.

Formal vocabulary 徒過する (to pass/miss) + ば (conditional)

締め切りに追われるプレッシャーをモチベーションに変換できるかどうかが、プロの条件だ。

Whether or not one can convert the pressure of being chased by a deadline into motivation is a condition of being a professional.

かどうか (whether or not) + に変換する (convert into)

あの雑誌は締め切りが異常に早いことで業界内でも有名だ。

That magazine is famous within the industry for having an abnormally early deadline.

ことで有名だ (famous for the fact that)

締め切りを形骸化させないためには、ペナルティの明確化が必要不可欠である。

In order to prevent deadlines from becoming a mere formality, clarifying penalties is absolutely essential.

形骸化させる (to make something a dead letter/hollow) + ためには

契約書に明記された締め切りを遵守することは、企業間の取引において最も根源的な信義則である。

Observing the deadline stipulated in the contract is the most fundamental principle of good faith in business-to-business transactions.

Highly formal legal/business terminology (遵守する, 信義則)

かつての文豪たちは、締め切りという魔物と対峙しながら数々の名作を世に送り出してきた。

The great literary masters of the past sent numerous masterpieces into the world while confronting the demon known as the deadline.

Literary metaphor (魔物と対峙する) + ながら (while)

行政手続きにおける不服申し立ての締め切りは、法律によって厳格に規定されており、例外は認められない。

The deadline for filing an appeal in administrative procedures is strictly prescribed by law, and no exceptions are permitted.

Passive voice in legal context (規定されており, 認められない)

締め切り効果による一時的な生産性の向上は、長期的な視点で見れば燃尽症候群を引き起こす諸刃の剣である。

The temporary increase in productivity due to the 'deadline effect' is a double-edged sword that, from a long-term perspective, causes burnout syndrome.

Academic/Psychological terminology (締め切り効果, 燃尽症候群, 諸刃の剣)

彼は締め切りという概念そのものを解体し、独自のタイムマネジメント理論を提唱した。

He deconstructed the very concept of a deadline and advocated his own unique time management theory.

Philosophical/Abstract phrasing (概念そのものを解体し)

システム障害に起因する締め切りの遅延については、不可抗力条項が適用される余地がある。

Regarding the delay of the deadline caused by the system failure, there is room for the force majeure clause to be applied.

Legal/Technical terminology (起因する, 不可抗力条項, 余地がある)

出版不況の煽りを受け、かつては絶対的であった締め切りの概念も、今や柔軟な運用を余儀なくされている。

Suffering the effects of the publishing slump, the concept of the deadline, which was once absolute, is now forced to be applied flexibly.

Idiomatic expression (煽りを受け) + 余儀なくされる (forced to)

納期と締め切りは似て非なる概念であり、前者が物理的な納品を伴うのに対し、後者は情報や権利の確定を意味することが多い。

Delivery date and deadline are similar but distinct concepts; while the former involves physical delivery, the latter often means the finalization of information or rights.

Analytical comparison (似て非なる, 前者が〜のに対し、後者は〜)

مترادف‌ها

期限締切日期日

متضادها

開始日延長

ترکیب‌های رایج

締め切りを守る

締め切りを破る

締め切りに遅れる

締め切りを延ばす

締め切りが迫る

締め切りに追われる

締め切りに間に合う

締め切りを過ぎる

締め切りを設定する

最終締め切り

عبارات رایج

締め切りはいつですか

締め切りまでに提出してください

締め切りが近いです

締め切りに間に合わせる

締め切り厳守

応募締め切り

原稿締め切り

締め切り日

締め切り時間

締め切りを過ぎたご応募

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

締め切り vs 期限 (kigen - time limit/expiration)

締め切り vs 期間 (kikan - period/duration)

締め切り vs 納期 (nouki - delivery date)

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"締め切りに追われる"

"締め切り効果"

"ホテルに缶詰になる（締め切りのため）"

"お尻に火がつく（締め切りが迫って）"

"泥縄（締め切り直前に慌てること）"

"駆け込み提出"

"ギリギリセーフ"

"背水の陣（締め切り前の状態）"

"火事場の馬鹿力（締め切り前の集中力）"

"タイムオーバー"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

締め切り vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

formality

The word itself is neutral and can be used in both casual and highly formal situations. The formality of the sentence depends entirely on the surrounding verbs and copulas (e.g., だ vs です vs でございます).

written vs spoken

Common in both. In written forms, especially on forms or UI buttons, it is often abbreviated to 締切.

اشتباهات رایج

Using に instead of までに: Saying 締め切りに提出する instead of 締め切りまでに提出する.
Confusing with 期間: Saying the 締め切り is '3 weeks' instead of saying the 期間 is 3 weeks.
Direct translation of verbs: Saying 締め切りに会う (meet a deadline) instead of 締め切りを守る.
Using for expiration dates: Saying 牛乳の締め切り (milk's deadline) instead of 賞味期限.
Ignoring the cultural weight: Treating a Japanese business deadline as a soft suggestion rather than a hard rule.

نکات

Always use 'made ni'

When expressing that an action must be completed before the deadline hits, always pair 締め切り with までに (made ni). Using just に (ni) is unnatural and grammatically incorrect for this context.

Learn the Verb Pairs

Don't translate 'meet' or 'miss' directly from English. Memorize the specific Japanese collocations: 守る (mamoru) for keeping a deadline, and 破る (yaburu) for missing it.

Punctuality is Trust

In Japan, meeting your shimekiri is the foundation of professional trust. Consistently submitting work slightly before the deadline will greatly enhance your reputation among Japanese colleagues.

Spelling Variations

You will see 締め切り, 締切り, and 締切. All are read 'shimekiri'. Use the longer form for general writing and the shorter form for charts, tables, or concise business emails.

Expressing Urgency

If you want to sound naturally busy or stressed about time, use the phrase 締め切りに追われています (I am being chased by a deadline). It is a perfect, native-sounding excuse for why you can't go out drinking.

Listen for 'Genshu'

If you hear the word 厳守 (genshu) attached to shimekiri (締め切り厳守), it means 'strict observance'. This indicates that absolutely no late submissions will be accepted under any circumstances.

Asking for Extensions

If you must extend a deadline, use the verb 延ばす (nobasu). Always use polite keigo, such as '締め切りを延ばしていただけないでしょうか' (Could I humbly ask you to extend the deadline?).

Postmark vs Arrival

When reading application guidelines, check if the shimekiri is 消印有効 (keshiin yukou - valid if postmarked by the date) or 必着 (hitchaku - must physically arrive by the date). This is a crucial distinction.

Shimekiri vs Kigen

Remember that shimekiri is for submitting things (homework, applications), while kigen is for the validity of things (visas, coupons). Don't mix them up!

The Canned Author

Understand the cultural joke of 'kanzume' (canning). If someone says they are 'kanzume' because of a shimekiri, it means they are locked in a room working frantically to finish on time.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine SHIvering (shi) MEN (me) KEEPING (ki) a REcord (ri) of the DEADLINE because they are so scared of missing it.

ریشه کلمه

بافت فرهنگی

If you anticipate missing a deadline, you must inform the relevant parties as early as possible (Hou-Ren-Sou: Report, Contact, Consult) and apologize profusely. Never wait until the deadline has passed to say you need more time.

The Japanese manga and light novel industries are famous for their brutal shimekiri schedules. The trope of an author fleeing from an editor who is demanding the manuscript is a well-known cultural joke.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"今、何か締め切りに追われている仕事はありますか？ (Are you currently pressed by any deadlines for work?)"

"学生時代、夏休みの宿題は締め切りギリギリにやるタイプでしたか？ (When you were a student, were you the type to do summer homework right at the deadline?)"

"締め切りを守るための良いコツはありますか？ (Do you have any good tips for keeping deadlines?)"

"今までで一番厳しかった締め切りは何ですか？ (What was the strictest deadline you've ever had?)"

"もし締め切りがなかったら、仕事の効率はどうなると思いますか？ (If there were no deadlines, how do you think work efficiency would change?)"

موضوعات نگارش

Write about a time you missed an important shimekiri and what happened.

Describe your feelings when a shimekiri is approaching.

Do you work better under the pressure of a shimekiri, or do you prefer to finish early?

Write a polite email in Japanese asking your boss to extend a shimekiri.

Explain the difference between shimekiri and kigen in your own words.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, this is a very common mistake. If you say 'shimekiri ni teishutsu suru', it sounds like you are trying to submit it exactly at the very second the deadline occurs. You must use 'made ni' to mean 'by' or 'before' the deadline.

There is no difference in meaning or pronunciation. 締め切り is the standard spelling with okurigana (hiragana attached to kanji). 締切 is an abbreviated spelling often used in business documents, signs, or forms to save space. Both are correct.

You can say '締め切りに遅れました' (shimekiri ni okuremashita), which means 'I was late for the deadline'. A stronger, more negative way is '締め切りを破りました' (shimekiri o yaburimashita), meaning 'I broke/missed the deadline'.

It is not inherently rude if done correctly, but it must be done well in advance. Waiting until the day of the deadline to ask for an extension is considered very unprofessional. You should apologize and provide a clear reason when asking.

It literally translates to 'being chased by a deadline'. It is a very common passive expression used to describe the stressful state of having a lot of work due soon. It implies you are busy and feeling the pressure of time.

No. For food expiration dates, you should use 賞味期限 (shoumikigen - best before date) or 消費期限 (shouhikigen - expiry date). Shimekiri is for actions you must complete, like submitting a form.

You use the verb 設ける (moukeru) or 設定する (settei suru). For example, '締め切りを設定する' (shimekiri o settei suru) means 'to set a deadline'.

You can use the adjective 厳しい (kibishii). '締め切りが厳しい' (shimekiri ga kibishii) means the deadline is strict or tight. You can also use the phrase '締め切り厳守' (shimekiri genshu), meaning 'strict observance of the deadline'.

It is the past tense of the verb form 'shimekiru'. If you see this on an application portal or event page, it means 'We have closed (applications)'. You can no longer apply.

Generally, deadlines are considered strict commitments. While they can sometimes be negotiated, doing so frequently or at the last minute damages your reputation. It is always better to under-promise and over-deliver regarding time.

برای نکات و یادداشت‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید