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A2 noun #2,500 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

同情

t2ng q2ng
At the A1 level, you can think of **同情 (tóngqíng)** as the basic way to say 'I feel sorry' for someone. It is a very useful word for being polite and showing you care about other people's feelings. Even though it is a big word, you can use it in very simple sentences. For example, if a friend says they are sick, you can say '我很同情你' (I sympathize with you). At this level, don't worry too much about the deep grammar. Just remember that '同' means 'same' and '情' means 'feeling.' So you are saying you have the same feeling as them. You will mostly see it used as a verb (to sympathize) or in the phrase '同情心' (a heart of sympathy/compassion). It is a good word to use to show you are a kind person when you are learning basic Chinese conversations. Try to use it when someone tells you something sad or bad that happened to them.
At the A2 level, you should start using **同情 (tóngqíng)** in more complete sentences. You will learn that it can be a noun and a verb. A common pattern at this level is '对...表示同情' (to express sympathy towards...). For example, '我对他的病表示同情' (I express sympathy for his illness). You should also know the word '同情心' (compassion). We often say someone '很有同情心' (has a lot of compassion) or '没有同情心' (has no compassion). This is a common way to describe people's personalities. You might also hear it in simple stories or news about people who need help. At this stage, you should be able to distinguish between '同情' (feeling sorry for someone) and '喜欢' (liking someone). Even if you don't like someone, you can still '同情' them if they are in trouble. This shows a higher level of social understanding in your Chinese studies.
At the B1 level, you are expected to use **同情 (tóngqíng)** in more nuanced social contexts. You will encounter it in discussions about social issues, charity, and literature. You should understand the difference between '同情' and '可怜' (kělián). While '可怜' can mean 'pitiful,' it can sometimes sound a bit rude or condescending, as if you are looking down on someone. '同情' is generally more respectful and supportive. You will also start to see collocations like '赢得同情' (to win sympathy) or '博取同情' (to try to get sympathy, often in a manipulative way). Understanding these nuances is key for B1 learners. You should be able to use '同情' to discuss why a character in a movie is popular or why a certain news story is getting a lot of attention. You might also use it in writing to express your views on helping the poor or victims of natural disasters, using more formal structures like '寄予同情' (to accord sympathy).
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using **同情 (tóngqíng)** in abstract and formal discussions. You will recognize that '同情' is not just a personal feeling but can be a collective social force. For instance, you might analyze how 'public sympathy' (社会同情) influences legal outcomes or government policies. You should be able to use the word in complex sentence structures, such as '出于同情' (out of sympathy). Example: '他出于同情，给了那个乞丐一些钱' (Out of sympathy, he gave the beggar some money). You will also encounter the word in more sophisticated literature where it might be contrasted with '共情' (empathy) or '冷漠' (indifference). At this level, you should also be aware of the potential negative connotations of '博取同情' in social media debates, where people are accused of 'selling their misery' to gain followers or support. Your ability to use '同情' in these socio-cultural debates marks your progress toward upper-intermediate proficiency.
At the C1 level, your understanding of **同情 (tóngqíng)** should reach a philosophical and literary depth. You will explore how '同情' functions as a core ethical concept in Chinese thought, particularly in relation to Confucian 'Ren' (benevolence) and the 'heart that cannot bear the suffering of others' (不忍人之心). You should be able to discuss the word in the context of 'literary sympathy'—how authors evoke sympathy for tragic heroes or even villains. You will use advanced collocations like '深表同情' (deeply express sympathy) in formal diplomatic or professional correspondence. Furthermore, you should be able to distinguish between '同情' and related high-level terms like '怜悯' (mercy/pity) and '慈悲' (compassion/mercy in a Buddhist sense). You might analyze texts that critique the limitations of sympathy, such as whether '同情' is a sufficient basis for social justice. Your usage should be precise, reflecting an awareness of the power dynamics and emotional subtleties inherent in the word.
At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of **同情 (tóngqíng)** and can use it with total native-like precision in any context, from high-level academic discourse to subtle interpersonal communication. You understand the historical evolution of the term and its role in the development of modern Chinese humanitarian thought. You can use the word to engage in complex critiques of 'sympathy fatigue' (同情疲劳) in the digital age or the 'politics of sympathy' in international relations. You are adept at using the word in highly formal, stylized writing, such as official state condolences or profound philosophical essays. You also understand the most subtle linguistic cues—how the placement of '同情' in a sentence can change the tone from genuine warmth to cold formality. At this level, '同情' is not just a vocabulary item but a tool for sophisticated emotional and intellectual expression, allowing you to navigate the most delicate social and moral landscapes in the Chinese-speaking world.
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

同情 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • 同情 means sympathy or compassion for others' misfortunes.
  • It functions as both a noun and a transitive verb in Chinese.
  • Commonly used in the pattern '对...表示同情' (express sympathy for...).
  • It is a key social value in Chinese culture, linked to kindness.

The Chinese word 同情 (tóngqíng) is a profound linguistic construct that captures the essence of shared human suffering and emotional resonance. Etymologically, it is composed of two characters: 同 (tóng), meaning 'same,' 'together,' or 'shared,' and 情 (qíng), which encompasses 'feeling,' 'emotion,' or 'sentiment.' Together, they literally translate to 'sharing the same feeling.' In a practical sense, it refers to the capacity to feel sorrow or pity for the misfortunes of others, acting as a social lubricant that fosters communal bonds and ethical behavior.

The Emotional Core
At its heart, 同情 is an involuntary response to witnessing distress. It differs from empathy (共情) in that it often maintains a slight distance between the observer and the sufferer, focusing on the recognition of pain rather than the total internal simulation of it.
Social Utility
In Chinese society, expressing 同情 is seen as a mark of high moral character (素养). It is the basis for charity, mutual aid, and the maintenance of 'Ren' (仁 - benevolence) in the Confucian tradition.

“我们对他不幸的遭遇深表同情。” (We express our deep sympathy for his unfortunate encounter.)

— Common formal expression of sympathy

To understand 同情, one must look at its weight in various contexts. In a personal relationship, it is the soft landing for a friend's failure. In a political context, it is the public sentiment that drives policy change for the underprivileged. However, it is important to note that 同情 can sometimes carry a hierarchical nuance; if used carelessly, it can sound patronizing, implying that the speaker is in a superior position looking down on the 'pitiful' subject. This is why learners must master the tone and accompanying vocabulary to ensure their compassion is received as intended.

“赢得同情” (To win sympathy) is a common phrase used in media to describe how a victim or a political figure gains public support through their struggles.

Grammatical Function
While often translated as a noun (sympathy), 同情 functions frequently as a verb (to sympathize). For example: '我同情你' (I sympathize with you). As a noun, it often follows verbs like '表示' (express), '给予' (give), or '充满' (be full of).

Ultimately, 同情 is more than just a word; it is a cultural expectation. To lack 同情 is to be '冷酷无情' (cold and heartless), a severe social criticism in Chinese culture. By mastering this word, you unlock a deeper understanding of how Chinese speakers navigate the complex waters of human suffering and social solidarity.

Using 同情 correctly requires understanding its dual role as both a noun and a verb, as well as the specific collocations that make it sound natural. In its noun form, it is most commonly the object of a verb that describes an outward expression of emotion. For instance, in formal settings, you will often hear 表示同情 (biǎoshì tóngqíng), which means 'to express sympathy.'

Structure: 对 + [Person/Situation] + 表示 + 同情

Example: 我们对灾区人民表示深切的同情。(We express deep sympathy for the people in the disaster area.)

When used as a verb, 同情 is transitive, meaning it can directly take an object. You can say “我同情他的遭遇” (I sympathize with his situation). Unlike English, where we often say 'sympathize with,' in Chinese, the 'with' is often built into the verb itself, or handled by the preposition '对' (towards).

Common Verb-Noun Pairings:
1. 博取同情 (bóqǔ tóngqíng): To play for sympathy / to try to get sympathy (often used with a slightly negative connotation of manipulation).
2. 充满同情 (chōngmǎn tóngqíng): To be full of sympathy.
3. 赢得同情 (yíngdé tóngqíng): To win or gain sympathy from others.

In terms of intensity, you can modify 同情 with adverbs like 深切 (shēnqiè - deep), 极大 (jídà - immense), or 一点儿也不 (yìdiǎnr yě bù - not at all). For example: “他一点儿也不同情那些懒惰的人” (He doesn't sympathize with those lazy people at all).

“同情心” (tóngqíng xīn) is the noun form for 'compassion' or 'the heart of sympathy.' It is often used to describe someone's personality. “他是一个有同情心的人” (He is a compassionate person).

Finally, consider the register. In spoken Chinese, 同情 is very common and versatile. In written or formal Chinese, it is often paired with more complex verbs like '寄予' (jìyǔ - to give/accord) to create a more solemn tone. Mastering these variations allows you to navigate everything from a casual chat with a friend to a formal eulogy or news report.

You will encounter 同情 in a wide variety of social and media contexts in China. It is a high-frequency word because it touches on the fundamental human experience of suffering and social response. Here are the primary domains where you will hear it used:

1. News and Media Reports

Whenever there is a natural disaster, a tragic accident, or a social injustice, news anchors and journalists will use 同情 to describe the public's reaction. You will hear phrases like “引起了社会的广泛同情” (aroused widespread public sympathy). This is a standard way to frame the emotional narrative of a news story.

“国际社会对该国遭受的地震灾害表示深切同情。”

(The international community expresses deep sympathy for the earthquake disaster suffered by the country.)

2. Daily Conversations and Gossip

In casual settings, people use 同情 to react to a friend's bad luck, such as failing an exam, breaking up, or having a bad day at work. It’s a way of saying 'I feel for you.' However, it can also be used sarcastically in gossip: “我真同情他，找了那么一个女朋友” (I really pity him for finding such a girlfriend).

3. Literature and Cinema

In Chinese dramas (C-dramas) and novels, the concept of 同情 is often a plot driver. A character might do something wrong but 'win the audience's sympathy' (赢得观众的同情) because of their tragic backstory. Writers use this word to discuss the moral complexity of their characters.

4. Legal and Professional Settings

In a courtroom, a lawyer might ask for the judge's 同情 for a defendant with a difficult background. In a workplace, a manager might show 同情 to an employee dealing with family issues by giving them extra leave. In these contexts, the word is tied to the concept of 'mercy' or 'leniency.'

Whether you are watching the evening news, scrolling through Weibo, or chatting over tea, 同情 is the word that bridges the gap between individual experience and collective emotion.

While 同情 is a common word, learners often trip over its nuances, especially when translating directly from English or other languages. Here are the most frequent pitfalls to avoid:

  • ✕

    Confusing 'Sympathy' with 'Empathy' (共情 - gòngqíng)

    In modern psychology, 'empathy' is the ability to actually feel what another feels. '同情' is more about feeling for them. If you want to say you truly understand and share their pain on a deep level, 共情 or 感同身受 (gǎntóngshēnshòu) is more accurate.

  • ✕

    Using it for Intellectual Agreement

    In English, you might say 'I sympathize with your political views.' In Chinese, using 同情 here sounds like you feel sorry for their views because they are bad. Use 赞同 (zàntóng) or 认同 (rèntóng) for agreement.

  • ✕

    The 'Patronizing' Trap

    Telling someone directly “我很同情你” (I really pity you) can sometimes hurt their pride (面子). It can imply that they are in a miserable state. Sometimes it is better to use 理解 (lǐjiě - understand) to show support without the hierarchical weight of pity.

Mistake Example: “我同情你的建议。” (I sympathize with your suggestion.)
Correction: “我赞成你的建议。” (I agree with your suggestion.)

Another common error is the misuse of the preposition. Learners often try to use '和' (with) because of the English 'sympathize with.' While '和...产生共鸣' (resonate with) works, for 同情, the standard structure is 对...表示同情 or simply 同情 + [Object].

Lastly, watch out for the phrase “博取同情”. If you say someone is doing this, you are accusing them of being fake or manipulative. Don't use it if you genuinely want to say someone is getting the support they deserve.

To truly master 同情, you need to know its neighbors in the emotional landscape of the Chinese language. Here are the most relevant synonyms and related terms, each with its own specific flavor:

1. 怜悯 (liánmǐn)

Meaning: Pity; mercy.

Difference: 怜悯 is more intense and often implies a power imbalance. It is frequently used in religious or literary contexts (e.g., God's mercy). In daily life, it can feel a bit 'heavy' or even condescending.

2. 共情 (gòngqíng)

Meaning: Empathy.

Difference: This is a more modern, psychological term. While 同情 is feeling *for* someone, 共情 is feeling *with* someone—actually stepping into their shoes.

3. 怜惜 (liánxī)

Meaning: To take pity on and cherish.

Difference: This word adds an element of 'care' or 'love.' You might 怜惜 a stray kitten or a fragile person you want to protect. It is more tender than 同情.

4. 感同身受 (gǎntóngshēnshòu)

Meaning: To feel as if it happened to oneself (idiom).

Difference: This is the ultimate expression of sympathy/empathy. It suggests that the speaker's feelings are identical to the sufferer's.

Synonym Comparison:
• 同情: General sympathy (Standard)
• 怜悯: Deep pity/mercy (Strong/Hierarchical)
• 怜惜: Pity + Affection (Tender)
• 共情: Empathy (Psychological/Deep)

When choosing which word to use, consider your relationship with the person and the intensity of the emotion. For 90% of daily situations involving sorrow for others, 同情 is your safest and most natural choice.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

我很同情你。

I sympathize with you.

Simple Subject + Adverb + Verb + Object structure.

2

他是一个有同情心的人。

He is a person with a heart of sympathy (compassionate).

Using '同情心' as a noun to describe personality.

3

你不应该不同情他。

You should not not-sympathize with him (You should sympathize with him).

Double negative for emphasis.

4

小猫很可怜，我很同情它。

The kitten is pitiful, I sympathize with it.

Using '同情' as a verb for an animal.

5

老师同情我的情况。

The teacher sympathizes with my situation.

Verb usage in a school context.

6

我们都同情他。

We all sympathize with him.

Use of '都' (all) before the verb.

7

她没有同情心。

She has no sympathy (compassion).

Negative form '没有' + noun.

8

同情别人很重要。

Sympathizing with others is very important.

Using the verb phrase as a subject.

1

我对你的遭遇表示同情。

I express sympathy for your experience/misfortune.

Standard pattern: 对...表示同情.

2

他因为同情，给了那个孩子一些钱。

Because of sympathy, he gave that child some money.

Using '因为' to show cause.

3

大家都很同情这位老人。

Everyone sympathizes with this elderly person.

Common social context.

4

你为什么不同情他呢？

Why don't you sympathize with him?

Question form with '为什么'.

5

这个故事赢得了读者的同情。

This story won the sympathy of the readers.

Verb '赢得' (to win) + noun '同情'.

6

虽然他做错了，但我还是同情他。

Although he did wrong, I still sympathize with him.

Contrastive structure: 虽然...但是...

7

我们需要更多的同情心。

We need more compassion.

Noun '同情心' as an object.

8

听到这个消息，我充满了同情。

Hearing this news, I was filled with sympathy.

Verb '充满' (to be full of) + noun.

1

他试图通过哭泣来博取大家的同情。

He tried to gain everyone's sympathy by crying.

Phrase '博取同情' (to play for sympathy).

2

这种同情并不能解决实际问题。

This kind of sympathy cannot solve practical problems.

Using '同情' as a noun subject with a modifier.

3

我对他的处境深表同情。

I deeply express sympathy for his situation.

Adverb '深表' (deeply express).

4

他的话引起了听众的广泛同情。

His words aroused widespread sympathy from the audience.

Phrase '引起...的广泛同情'.

5

我们不应该仅仅停留在同情的层面上。

We should not just stay at the level of sympathy.

Abstract noun usage in a 'level' (层面) context.

6

他出于同情，决定帮她这个忙。

Out of sympathy, he decided to do her this favor.

Phrase '出于同情' (out of sympathy).

7

这种廉价的同情对他没有意义。

This kind of cheap sympathy is meaningless to him.

Using '廉价' (cheap) to modify '同情'.

8

电影通过细节描写，成功地唤起了观众的同情。

Through detailed description, the movie successfully evoked the audience's sympathy.

Verb '唤起' (to evoke/arouse).

1

同情心是人类文明进步的重要标志。

Compassion is an important sign of the progress of human civilization.

Abstract philosophical statement.

2

他拒绝接受任何形式的同情。

He refused to accept any form of sympathy.

Phrase '任何形式的' (any form of).

3

在法律面前，同情不能代替正义。

Before the law, sympathy cannot replace justice.

Legal/Formal context.

4

这种同情往往带有某种优越感。

This kind of sympathy often carries a certain sense of superiority.

Nuanced social critique.

5

媒体的报道往往会左右公众的同情方向。

Media reports often influence the direction of public sympathy.

Verb '左右' (to influence/control).

6

尽管他很可怜，但法律并不因此而同情他。

Although he is pitiful, the law does not sympathize with him because of it.

Complex logical structure '并不因此而...'.

7

她对弱势群体充满了深厚的同情。

She is full of deep sympathy for vulnerable groups.

Phrase '弱势群体' (vulnerable groups).

8

有时候，过度的同情反而会伤害对方的自尊。

Sometimes, excessive sympathy can instead hurt the other person's self-esteem.

Adverb '反而' (instead/on the contrary).

1

作者在作品中寄予了对底层人民的深切同情。

The author accorded deep sympathy to the people at the bottom of society in the work.

Formal literary verb '寄予'.

2

这种同情并非源于理智，而是源于本能。

This sympathy does not stem from reason, but from instinct.

Structure '并非...而是...' (is not... but rather...).

3

我们必须警惕那种虚伪的、政治化的同情。

We must be wary of that hypocritical, politicized sympathy.

Advanced adjectives '虚伪' and '政治化'.

4

同情心在某些情况下可能会模糊道德的界限。

Compassion may blur the boundaries of morality in certain situations.

Verb '模糊' (to blur) + '界限' (boundary).

5

他那种冷酷的性格使他无法对他人产生同情。

His cold personality makes it impossible for him to feel sympathy for others.

Phrase '产生同情' (to generate/feel sympathy).

6

这种广泛的社会同情最终促成了法律的修改。

This widespread social sympathy eventually led to the amendment of the law.

Verb '促成' (to facilitate/bring about).

7

在文学批评中，‘同情’往往被视为一种审美体验。

In literary criticism, 'sympathy' is often regarded as an aesthetic experience.

Academic context '被视为' (is regarded as).

8

他试图在公众面前塑造一个值得同情的形象。

He tried to shape an image worthy of sympathy in front of the public.

Phrase '值得同情的' (worthy of sympathy).

1

同情之泪往往掩盖了对苦难根源的深刻反思。

Tears of sympathy often mask profound reflection on the roots of suffering.

Highly metaphorical and critical usage.

2

他在文章中对那种居高临下的同情进行了辛辣的讽刺。

In his article, he bitingly satirized that condescending sympathy.

Idiom '居高临下' (condescending/looking down from a height).

3

这种同情是建立在共同的文化认同之上的。

This sympathy is built upon a shared cultural identity.

Structure '建立在...之上'.

4

当同情沦为一种表演，它便失去了道德的纯粹性。

When sympathy degenerates into a performance, it loses its moral purity.

Verb '沦为' (to degenerate into).

5

他以一种近乎冷漠的客观性，审视着这种泛滥的同情。

With a near-indifferent objectivity, he examined this overflowing sympathy.

Complex adverbial phrase '以一种...的客观性'.

6

同情心的匮乏是现代社会原子化的一种表现。

The lack of compassion is a manifestation of the atomization of modern society.

Sociological terminology '原子化' (atomization).

7

他在处理这桩案件时，在法律的严谨与人性的同情之间寻找平衡。

In handling this case, he sought a balance between legal rigor and human sympathy.

Balanced sentence structure.

8

这种跨越国界的同情体现了普世的人道主义精神。

This cross-border sympathy embodies the spirit of universal humanitarianism.

Advanced vocabulary '普世' (universal) and '人道主义' (humanitarianism).

ترکیب‌های رایج

表示同情
赢得同情
博取同情
充满同情
深切同情
广泛同情
同情心
出于同情
值得同情
给予同情

عبارات رایج

同情弱者

博取同情心

深表同情

富有同情心

一点也不同情

引起同情

缺乏同情

相互同情

同情之泪

虚伪的同情

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

同情 vs 可怜

同情 vs 共情

同情 vs 赞同

اصطلاحات و عبارات

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به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

同情 vs

同情 vs

同情 vs

同情 vs

同情 vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

خانواده کلمه

مرتبط

نحوه استفاده

Verb vs Noun

Can be used interchangeably in many contexts but '表示' requires the noun.

Negative usage

Often used with '不值得' (not worth) or '虚伪' (hypocritical).

اشتباهات رایج
  • Using '和' instead of '对'.
  • Confusing with '赞同' (agreement).
  • Using '可怜' as a synonym in respectful contexts.
  • Overusing '我很同情你' in situations that require empathy (共情).
  • Using it as an adjective (it's a noun/verb).

نکات

Face Saving

Be careful when expressing sympathy to someone very proud; they might find it insulting to their 'face'.

Preposition Use

Always use '对' (towards) when expressing sympathy for a specific situation or person.

Character Breakdown

Remember '同' (same) + '情' (feeling) = Sympathy.

Softening

Add '真' (really) or '很' (very) to make your sympathy sound more genuine.

Formal Context

In letters of condolence, '深表同情' is the gold standard.

Media Cues

When you hear '引起广泛同情', expect a story about a victim or a disaster.

Sympathy vs Pity

Use '同情' for support; avoid '可怜' unless the person is truly in a miserable state.

Empathy

If you want to say 'I feel your pain exactly,' use '感同身受'.

Personality

Calling someone '富有同情心' is a very high compliment in China.

Agreement

Don't use '同情' to mean 'I agree with your idea.' Use '赞同'.

حفظ کنید

ریشه کلمه

Classical Chinese roots implying shared sentiment.

بافت فرهنگی

Linked to the 'Heart of Compassion' (恻隐之心).

Judges often consider 'human sympathy' (人情) alongside the law.

The term '卖惨' (selling misery) is a modern cynical take on seeking sympathy.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"你觉得他值得同情吗？"

"我对他的遭遇感到很同情。"

"你是一个有同情心的人吗？"

"我们该如何表达我们的同情？"

"你同情那个电影里的反派吗？"

موضوعات نگارش

写一次你对别人产生同情的经历。

你认为同情心在现代社会重要吗？为什么？

讨论‘博取同情’这种现象。

如果有人过度同情你，你会有什么感觉？

同情和帮助之间有什么区别？

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Generally yes, but it can be used sarcastically or to imply someone is in a weak, 'pitiful' position.

It's risky. It might sound like you are looking down on them. Better to use '理解' (understand).

怜悯 is stronger, more hierarchical, and often used in religious or tragic literary contexts.

你可以说 '我一点儿也不同情他' (Wǒ yìdiǎnr yě bù tóngqíng tā).

It means 'compassion' or 'the capacity for sympathy.' It's a trait.

Yes, it is very common to show sympathy for stray or suffering animals.

No. You can sympathize with someone's pain without agreeing with their actions or opinions.

It means to deliberately act in a way to make others feel sorry for you, often for gain.

Yes, it usually appears around HSK 4 (old) or HSK 3/4 (new).

Use '最深切的同情' (zuì shēnqiè de tóngqíng).

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