Verbe en Nom: Utiliser les Gérondifs & Infinitifs (-ing / to)
précise et naturelle.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Gerunds (-ing) and Infinitives (to) turn verbs into nouns, but their usage depends entirely on the preceding verb or preposition.
- Use gerunds after prepositions and certain verbs like 'suggest' or 'enjoy'. Example: 'He suggested going.'
- Use infinitives after adjectives and verbs like 'decide' or 'hope'. Example: 'I decided to stay.'
- Some verbs change meaning entirely depending on which form follows. Example: 'Stop to smoke' vs 'Stop smoking'.
Overview
gerunds (le gérondif en -ing) et des infinitives (l'infinitif avec 'to') représente souvent l'une des dernières étapes pour atteindre une fluidité de niveau C1. Pourquoi ? Parce que si la structure SVO (Sujet-Verbe-Objet) est commune aux deux langues, la gestion de ce qu'on appelle les « formes non finies » du verbe est radicalement différente.gerund (qui agit comme un nom) et l' infinitive (qui exprime souvent le but, le futur ou l'intention).gerund anglais. Le gerund anglais est un véritable substantif.gerund est souvent associé à une expérience, une réalité vécue ou une activité établie, tandis que l' infinitive pointe vers l'avenir, le potentiel ou l'intention. C'est cette finesse qui sépare le locuteur fonctionnel du locuteur expert.gerund versus la nature « verbale/intentionnelle » de l' infinitive. En français, nous utilisons l'infinitif pour presque tout : « J'aime nager », « J'évite de nager », « Je pense à nager ». En anglais, cette uniformité disparaît.gerund (-ing) transforme le verbe en un concept, un nom. C'est pourquoi, après une préposition, on ne peut utiliser que le gerund. En français, après une préposition, on utilise l'infinitif (ex: « Il est doué pour chanter » devient He is good at singing).infinitive (to + base verbale), en revanche, conserve une charge sémantique liée à la direction, au but ou à une action non encore réalisée. Pensez à to comme une préposition de direction : il pointe vers l'action. C'est pourquoi des verbes exprimant le désir, le projet ou la décision (want, plan, decide) appellent l' infinitive.running | Doubler la consonne finale (CVC)writing | Supprimer le 'e' finalto eat | Invariablemake me laugh | Pas de 'to' après certains verbes- 1Le
gerundest obligatoire après les prépositions :I am tired of waiting(et nonto wait). C'est une erreur classique de francophone qui calque « fatigué d'attendre ». - 2Le
gerundest le sujet naturel :Reading books is essential. On pourrait direTo read books is essential, mais cela sonne très littéraire, voire archaïque. - 3L'
infinitiveexprime le but :I went to the shop to buy milk(pour acheter du lait). Ici, le français utilise « pour + infinitif », ce qui est un excellent point de repère. - 4Les verbes de perception (
see,hear) :I saw him cross the street(l'action est terminée) vsI saw him crossing the street(l'action est en cours). Cette distinction est cruciale au niveau C1 pour la précision narrative.
- 1L'infinitif après préposition : « I am interested to learn » (FAUX) →
I am interested in learning(JUSTE).
in est une préposition qui exige un nom, donc un gerund.- 1Confusion après
stop: « I stopped to smoke » vs « I stopped smoking ».
- 1L'oubli du
bare infinitiveaprès les verbes causatifs : « She made me to go » (FAUX) →She made me go(JUSTE).
to. Or, les verbes make, let et have (causatif) rejettent le to.It is easy to do)- 1Peut-on utiliser les deux après le même verbe ?
remember ou forget. I remember locking the door (je me souviens de l'action passée) vs I remembered to lock the door (je n'ai pas oublié de le faire).- 1Est-ce que
toest toujours le signe de l'infinitif ?
I look forward to meeting you, to est une préposition. C'est le piège ultime pour les francophones car on voit to et on veut mettre l'infinitif meet.- 1Pourquoi dit-on
It is worth doinget nonto do?
Worth est un adjectif qui se comporte comme une préposition dans cette structure. C'est une exception idiomatique très courante.- 1Le
gerundest-il identique au participe présent ?
gerund est un nom, le participe présent est une forme verbale ou adjectivale (The crying baby).Gerund vs. Infinitive Structures
| Form | Gerund (-ing) | Infinitive (to + V) |
|---|---|---|
|
Simple
|
Doing
|
To do
|
|
Negative
|
Not doing
|
Not to do
|
|
Passive
|
Being done
|
To be done
|
|
Perfect
|
Having done
|
To have done
|
|
Perfect Passive
|
Having been done
|
To have been done
|
|
Continuous
|
N/A
|
To be doing
|
Meanings
The use of gerunds (the -ing form) and infinitives (to + base form) as objects or subjects in a sentence to represent an action as a concept or thing.
Gerund as Subject/Object
Using the -ing form to talk about an activity in general.
“Skiing is my favorite winter sport.”
“I really enjoy hiking in the mountains.”
Infinitive of Purpose
Using 'to + verb' to explain why someone does something.
“I went to the store to buy milk.”
“She studied hard to pass the exam.”
Meaning-Change Verbs
Verbs like 'remember', 'forget', and 'stop' that change meaning based on the complement.
“I stopped to smoke (I paused my walk to have a cigarette).”
“I stopped smoking (I quit the habit).”
Gerunds after Prepositions
English strictly requires the -ing form after any preposition.
“I am interested in learning more.”
“She is good at drawing.”
Reference Table
| Contexte d'utilisation | Forme | Exemple de verbe | Exemple de phrase |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Sujet de la phrase
|
Gerund
|
Swimming
|
Swimming is great exercise.
|
|
Après les prépositions
|
Gerund
|
of learning
|
She dreams of learning German.
|
|
Après certains verbes
|
Gerund
|
enjoy watching
|
I enjoy watching documentaries.
|
|
Après certains verbes
|
Infinitive
|
decide to go
|
They decided to go home.
|
|
Verbe + Objet + Infinitif
|
Infinitive
|
told him to wait
|
I told him to wait for me.
|
|
Adjectifs + Infinitif
|
Infinitive
|
easy to understand
|
This rule is easy to understand.
|
|
Verbes à sens changeant (stop)
|
Gerund
|
stop eating
|
You should stop eating sugar.
|
|
Verbes à sens changeant (stop)
|
Infinitive
|
stop to eat
|
We stopped to eat lunch.
|
|
Verbes à sens changeant (try)
|
Gerund
|
try calling
|
Try calling her number again.
|
|
Verbes à sens changeant (try)
|
Infinitive
|
try to call
|
I will try to call her later.
|
Spectre de formalité
I would suggest implementing a new strategy. (Business meeting)
I suggest trying a new strategy. (Business meeting)
How about trying something else? (Business meeting)
Let's just wing it. (Business meeting)
Gérondifs et Infinitifs : Transformations verbales
Gérondifs (-ing)
- Sujet Reading is fun.
- Après Préposition Good at drawing.
- Après Verbes Enjoy playing.
Infinitifs (to + Verbe)
- Objet Decide to go.
- Après Adjectifs Easy to learn.
- But Stopped to eat.
Les deux (Changement de sens)
- Stop Stop smoking / Stop to smoke.
- Remember Remember locking / Remember to lock.
Gérondifs vs. Infinitifs : Guide rapide
Choisir Gérondif ou Infinitif : Un organigramme décisionnel
Le verbe est-il précédé d'une préposition (par ex. in, on, about, for, without) ?
Le verbe est-il le sujet de la phrase ?
Le verbe principal est-il un de ceux qui prennent habituellement un INFINITIF (par ex. want, need, decide, hope) ?
Le verbe principal est-il un de ceux qui prennent habituellement un GÉRONDIF (par ex. enjoy, finish, avoid, suggest) ?
Le verbe change-t-il de sens avec une forme différente (par ex. stop, remember, try) ?
Groupes de verbes courants
Verbes + Gérondif
- • Enjoy
- • Finish
- • Avoid
- • Mind
- • Suggest
- • Consider
- • Deny
- • Admit
Verbes + Infinitif
- • Decide
- • Agree
- • Hope
- • Plan
- • Promise
- • Want
- • Learn
- • Refuse
Verbes + Objet + Infinitif
- • Ask
- • Tell
- • Advise
- • Allow
- • Force
- • Remind
- • Encourage
- • Persuade
Verbes + Gérondif OU Infinitif (Même sens)
- • Start
- • Begin
- • Continue
- • Like
- • Love
- • Hate
- • Prefer
Verbes + Gérondif OU Infinitif (Sens différent)
- • Stop
- • Remember
- • Forget
- • Try
- • Regret
- • Need
Exemples par niveau
I like reading books.
I want to go home.
Swimming is fun.
He needs to sleep.
She finished doing her homework.
They decided to buy a car.
I am interested in learning English.
We went to the cafe to meet friends.
You should avoid eating too much sugar.
I hope to see you soon.
He kept talking even though I was busy.
It is difficult to understand him.
I remember visiting Paris when I was ten.
Please remember to lock the door.
I tried to open the window, but it was stuck.
Try adding some salt to the soup.
I resent being treated like a child.
He is reported to have escaped from prison.
I object to being spoken to in that tone.
The company anticipates making a profit this year.
I don't much care for his interfering in our affairs.
To have lived through such a crisis is a miracle.
I watched the sun set over the horizon.
The suspect confessed to having forged the documents.
Facile à confondre
Learners often use 'stop to do' when they mean they quit a habit.
Mixing up past memories with future tasks.
Used incorrectly in academic or biographical contexts.
Erreurs courantes
I like swim.
I like swimming.
I want going.
I want to go.
He is good in play.
He is good at playing.
To reading is fun.
Reading is fun.
I am thinking to go.
I am thinking of going.
She finished to eat.
She finished eating.
I went for buy milk.
I went to buy milk.
I suggest to wait.
I suggest waiting.
I don't mind to help.
I don't mind helping.
I am used to get up early.
I am used to getting up early.
I regret to tell him the news.
I regret telling him the news.
He was seen cross the road.
He was seen crossing the road.
I look forward to meet you.
I look forward to meeting you.
They denied to have stolen it.
They denied having stolen it.
Structures de phrases
I am looking forward to ___.
It's no use ___.
I would rather ___ than ___.
I resent ___.
Real World Usage
I am skilled at managing large teams.
Stop bugging me!
Thanks for following!
I'd like to check in, please.
Your order is being prepared.
Understanding the data is crucial.
Écoute les modèles
juste naturellement. Par exemple : I love dancing.Mémorise les paires de verbes
enjoy + -ing ou decide + to-infinitive. Les fiches de révision sont tes meilleures amies, surtout pour les plus délicats. Par exemple : He decided to leave.
Les prépositions sont reines !
Nuances formelles vs informelles
Reading books is relaxing.
Utilise un bon dictionnaire
I admit stealing the cookie.
Smart Tips
Never use 'to'. Always use -ing or a 'that' clause.
Use 'to + verb' instead of 'for + -ing'.
Check if the action happened in the past (use -ing) or needs to happen in the future (use to).
Always add -ing to the following verb.
Prononciation
The -ing suffix
In casual speech, the 'g' is often dropped (e.g., 'runnin'), but in formal English, the full 'ng' sound is expected.
The 'to' particle
In the infinitive, 'to' is usually unstressed and sounds like 'tuh'.
Emphasis on the Gerund
I LOVE ↗swimming.
Emphasizes the activity itself.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Prepositions are 'ing'-clined to take the gerund.
Association visuelle
Imagine a 'To' bridge leading to a future goal (Infinitive) and an '-ing' circle representing a continuous cycle or a past memory (Gerund).
Rhyme
After 'suggest' and 'avoid', the -ing form is employed. After 'hope' and 'decide', the 'to' form will be your guide.
Story
I was 'walking' (gerund) in the park when I 'stopped to look' (infinitive of purpose) at a bird. I 'remembered seeing' (gerund for memory) that bird before. I 'decided to take' (infinitive for decision) a photo.
Word Web
Défi
Write 5 sentences about your career goals using at least 3 gerunds and 3 infinitives.
Notes culturelles
BrE often uses 'like + gerund' (I like swimming), whereas AmE is more likely to use 'like + infinitive' (I like to swim), though both are understood.
Gerunds are preferred for naming fields of study or complex processes in formal papers.
Sometimes uses 'a-' prefixing with gerunds in folk speech, though this is non-standard.
The English gerund evolved from the Old English suffix '-ung', while the infinitive comes from the Germanic 'to' + dative case of the verbal noun.
Amorces de conversation
What is something you really enjoy doing on weekends?
What do you hope to achieve in the next five years?
Is there anything you regret doing in your past?
What would you suggest doing to improve the local economy?
Sujets d'écriture
Erreurs courantes
Test Yourself
She finished ___ her essay just before the deadline.
Find and fix the mistake:
I'm looking forward to go on vacation next month.
Choose the correct sentence:
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Translate into English: 'Ella se detuvo para estirar las piernas.'
Answer starts with: ["S...
Score: /5
Exercices pratiques
8 exercisesI suggest ___ to the museum instead.
I'll never forget ___ (see) the Eiffel Tower for the first time.
Find and fix the mistake:
I am looking forward to meet you next week.
It is not worth trying to fix this. (USE)
1. Avoid, 2. Decide, 3. Stop (quit)
He stopped to talk to her.
She is interested in ___ (apply) for the job.
Choose the grammatically perfect sentence.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesHave you considered ___ for that advanced course?
I regret telling you this, but we need to postpone the meeting.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Ella me sugirió ir a la playa.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the verbs with the correct form:
I can't imagine ___ without my phone for a day.
He offered taking us to the airport.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Recuerdo haber cerrado la puerta.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the verbs with the phrase that correctly completes them:
Score: /12
FAQ (8)
In this phrase, 'to' is a preposition, not part of the infinitive. Just as you say 'I'm going to London' (noun), you must use a gerund (verbal noun) after 'to' here.
'Try to do' means you are making an effort to achieve something difficult. 'Try doing' means you are experimenting with an action to see if it solves a problem.
Yes, usually. 'I like swimming' and 'I like to swim' are both correct. However, 'I like to swim' often implies a habit or something you think is a good idea, while 'I like swimming' focuses on the enjoyment of the activity.
Common ones include: avoid, enjoy, finish, mind, suggest, recommend, and keep.
No. After modal verbs (can, should, must) and verbs like 'make' and 'let', we use the 'bare infinitive' without 'to'.
Absolutely! 'Smoking is prohibited' or 'Learning is fun' are perfect examples.
It's the form 'being + past participle'. For example: 'I don't like being told what to do.'
Try putting a noun after it. If it makes sense (e.g., 'I'm used to *the noise*'), then 'to' is a preposition and needs a gerund.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Infinitivo
Spanish never uses the -ando/-iendo form as a noun.
Infinitif
French uses the gerundive (en + participe présent) only for simultaneous actions.
Infinitiv mit zu
German has no direct equivalent to the English -ing gerund.
Koto / No (Nominalizers)
Japanese doesn't have a 'to-infinitive' vs 'gerund' distinction; it depends on the following particle.
Masdar
The Masdar is a distinct morphological form, not just a suffix like -ing.
No change
There are no morphological markers like -ing or 'to'.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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