Advanced Actions and Impersonal Forms
Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of expressing actions without needing to name the doer.
- Navigate passive constructions using 'on' and reflexive structures.
- Describe services performed for you using 'se faire' and 'se voir'.
- Formulate formal rules and general statements with impersonal expressions.
O que você vai aprender
Ready to unlock a new level of French fluency? You know how in English we often use passive constructions like it was done or
the decision was made? French has its own elegant and super common ways to express these ideas – and they're often more natural and less formal than a direct passive translation! In this chapter, we're diving deep into expressing actions where the
doer isn't the star, or when you want to talk about something that generally happens. You'll discover why some common English passive sentences don't directly translate into French, and how to avoid those pitfalls. We'll introduce you to the versatile magic of on – an incredibly useful pronoun that effortlessly replaces many passive structures. Then, you'll learn how to express things that happen to you or are done for youusing constructions like
se faire + infinitive and se voir + infinitive. Finally, you'll master how to make general statements and rules, like it is said or it is forbidden, with the elegant se + verb (pronominal passive) and il est + participle forms.
Imagine effortlessly saying my car got fixedwithout specifying who fixed it, or
these cookies are made with chocolatewhen describing a recipe. Picture yourself reading a museum sign that says
it is forbidden to touch the artand instantly understanding the impersonal rule. These skills will make your French sound significantly more authentic and native. This chapter isn't just about grammar; it's about giving you the tools to express yourself more naturally and confidently. By the end, you'll be able to describe things that
are done or happen with ease, making your conversations smoother and your comprehension sharper. Don't worry, it's easier and more rewarding than you think! Let's go!
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Voz Passiva Impossível com Verbos de Objeto Indireto (Passif impossible avec COI)Em francês, você não pode ser 'falado' no passivo; use
Onou a voz ativa para se expressar de forma natural. -
O 'On' Mágico: A Alternativa Fácil à Voz PassivaTroque a voz passiva por
on+ verbo ativo para soar mais natural e evitar a gramática complexa. -
Fazer com que algo lhe aconteça (se faire + infinitif)Use
se faire+ infinitivo para descrever coisas que acontecem com você, e nunca mude a grafia defait. -
A passiva pronominal: Expressar que algo lhe acontece (se voir + infinitivo)Use
se voir+ infinitivo para descrever naturalmente ações que acontecem com você, sem precisar da voz passiva formal. É seu atalho para soar mais nativo! -
Verbos reflexivos com sentido passivo: Como dizer 'se faz'Use
se + verbopara dizer que algo 'é feito' de forma natural, focando no objeto, não em quem faz. É o seu atalho para a voz passiva no dia a dia! -
Diz-se: A passiva impessoal no francês (La forme passive impersonnelle)Use
Il est+ particípio para lançar fatos gerais ou regras sem precisar de um sujeito real. É o seu passe livre para a formalidade comIl est dit,Il est écriteIl est interdit.
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Use the pronoun 'on' to replace passive constructions in daily conversation.
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2
By the end you will be able to: Explain that a service was performed for you using 'se faire'.
Guia do capítulo
Overview
doer isn't specified, or when describing general truths.it was done or things are said. You'll discover why a literal translation of the English passive often sounds clunky or even incorrect in French, especially with certain verbs. By understanding these nuances, you'll avoid common pitfalls and unlock a more fluid communication style. This isn't just about learning rules; it's about gaining the tools to express yourself confidently and sound more like a native speaker.How This Grammar Works
one, we, they, or simply an impersonal people. It frequently replaces the passive voice. For instance, instead of *La porte a été ouverte* (The door was opened), you'd more naturally hear On a ouvert la porte (The door was opened / One opened the door).getting things done to you,French uses se faire + infinitif. This construction implies that someone else performs the action for you, or that you experience something passively. For example, Je me suis fait couper les cheveux (I had my hair cut).
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: *Le professeur a été obéi par les élèves.*
- 1✗ Wrong: *La décision a été prise par eux.*
- 1✗ Wrong: *Il s'est fait refuser l'entrée.*
Real Conversations
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B
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B
Quick FAQ
How does on differ from nous in B2 French grammar?
On is more informal and versatile, often meaning we, one, or people in general, and can replace the passive. Nous strictly means we and is more formal or specific.
Can all reflexive verbs be used in the pronominal passive sense?
No, only certain reflexive verbs naturally take on a passive meaning, typically when describing a process or a general truth, like se vendre (to be sold) or se dire (to be said).
When should I use se faire + infinitif versus se voir + infinitif?
Se faire + infinitif implies having something done *by someone else* (e.g., se faire couper les cheveux - to have one's hair cut). Se voir + infinitif implies *experiencing* an action or being subjected to something, often an official decision or an unwelcome event (e.g., se voir refuser - to be refused).
Cultural Context
magic onis ubiquitous in everyday conversation, often replacing both
we and the passive voice, contributing to a more fluid and less formal tone. The pronominal passive and impersonal forms are particularly common in public notices, official announcements, and general statements, providing an elegant way to convey information without specifying an agent.Exemplos-chave (8)
On m'a téléphoné ce matin.
Me telefonaram esta manhã (Alguém me ligou).
Voz Passiva Impossível com Verbos de Objeto Indireto (Passif impossible avec COI)On m'a dit que tu partais en vacances.
Me disseram que você ia viajar.
Voz Passiva Impossível com Verbos de Objeto Indireto (Passif impossible avec COI)On dit que la pizza ici est incroyable.
Dizem que a pizza aqui é incrível.
O 'On' Mágico: A Alternativa Fácil à Voz PassivaOn m'a envoyé un message sur WhatsApp.
Me mandaram uma mensagem no WhatsApp.
O 'On' Mágico: A Alternativa Fácil à Voz PassivaJe me fais couper les cheveux à midi.
Vou cortar o cabelo ao meio-dia.
Fazer com que algo lhe aconteça (se faire + infinitif)Elle s'est fait voler son sac dans le métro.
Ela teve a bolsa roubada no metrô.
Fazer com que algo lhe aconteça (se faire + infinitif)Je me vois offrir un nouveau smartphone.
Estou sendo presenteado com um novo smartphone.
A passiva pronominal: Expressar que algo lhe acontece (se voir + infinitivo)Tu te vois refuser l'accès.
Você está tendo o acesso recusado.
A passiva pronominal: Expressar que algo lhe acontece (se voir + infinitivo)Dicas e truques (4)
A Armadilha da Tradução do Inglês
A Regra do 'Alguém'
A Armadilha da Concordância
faite ou faits nesta estrutura. É um erro comum até para nativos em textos, mas gramaticalmente incorreto. "Elle s'est fait arrêter e não Elle s'est faite arrêter".O Truque do 'Visto'
Je me vois travailler dur.
Vocabulário-chave (5)
Real-World Preview
At the Mechanic
Review Summary
- S + V + à + O
- On + V (3rd pers sing)
- S + se faire + inf
- S + se voir + inf
- S + se + V
- Il est + participe passé
Erros comuns
You cannot passivize 'parler à'. Avoid direct English translations.
Missing the reflexive pronoun changes the meaning.
Do not mix impersonal structures; pick one.
Regras neste capítulo (6)
Next Steps
You've successfully unlocked a huge piece of native-level French! Keep practicing these structures in your daily writing and you'll soon use them without even thinking.
Listen to a French news broadcast and count how many times 'on' is used.
Prática rápida (10)
Find and fix the mistake:
Je suis téléphoné par ma sœur.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Voz Passiva Impossível com Verbos de Objeto Indireto (Passif impossible avec COI)
Find and fix the mistake:
On disent que le café est bon.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: O 'On' Mágico: A Alternativa Fácil à Voz Passiva
Elle s'est ___ voler son téléphone.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Fazer com que algo lhe aconteça (se faire + infinitif)
Find and fix the mistake:
Les pommes mange avec la peau.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbos reflexivos com sentido passivo: Como dizer 'se faz'
Le vin rouge ___ frais. (se boire)
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbos reflexivos com sentido passivo: Como dizer 'se faz'
Find and fix the mistake:
Il fait arrêter par la police.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Fazer com que algo lhe aconteça (se faire + infinitif)
Il ___ dit que le concert est annulé.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Diz-se: A passiva impessoal no francês (La forme passive impersonnelle)
Find and fix the mistake:
Il est interdite de manger ici.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Diz-se: A passiva impessoal no francês (La forme passive impersonnelle)
Find and fix the mistake:
Nous nous voyons invité à la fête.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: A passiva pronominal: Expressar que algo lhe acontece (se voir + infinitivo)
___ a souri dans la rue.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Voz Passiva Impossível com Verbos de Objeto Indireto (Passif impossible avec COI)
Score: /10
Perguntas comuns (6)
On va au cinéma?(A gente vai ao cinema?)
On est fatigués.
Je suis coupé par le coiffeur) soa muito robótica e estranha. 'Se faire' é a forma natural e cotidiana de expressar que outra pessoa está fazendo algo por você.
Je me fais couper les cheveuxé muito mais natural que
Mes cheveux sont coupés par le coiffeur.
Elles se sont fait voler. Nunca
faites ou faits.