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波斯语命令与请求：这样做！（祈使句）

1 波斯语如何提问与否定（是非题与否定句） 2 波斯语疑问词：谁、什么、哪里 (Ki, Chi, Koja) 3 如何在波斯语中询问“如何” (Chetor) 4 波斯语现在时否定句：如何说“不” (ne-mī-) 5 波斯语命令与请求：这样做！（祈使句）

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A2 Imperatives 12 min read 简单

波斯语命令与请求：这样做！（祈使句）

只要掌握了“现在时词干”，加上 be- 就能发号施令，换上 -id 就能秒变“礼貌达人”。

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

To command in Persian, add the prefix 'be-' to the present stem and use the second-person ending.

Affirmative: Add 'be-' to the present stem (e.g., 'be-ro' for go).
Negative: Replace 'be-' with 'na-' (e.g., 'na-ro' for don't go).
Politeness: Use the plural ending '-id' for formal or plural commands (e.g., 'beravid').

be- + [Present Stem] + (id) = Command!

Overview

Mastering Persian imperatives is fundamental for expressing commands, making requests, and extending invitations. Unlike English, which often relies on intonation to distinguish a command from a statement, Persian employs distinct grammatical structures, primarily involving a unique present verb stem (بن مضارع, *bon-e mozâre’*) and a mandatory prefix. This grammatical feature is central to direct interaction and is a cornerstone of A2-level conversational fluency.

At its core, the Persian imperative builds upon the present stem, which serves as the base for all present tense conjugations. This stem is frequently irregular and requires memorization, forming the bedrock for conveying immediate or directed actions. It combines with the distinctive imperative prefix بـِـ (*be-*) to explicitly mark the verb as a command.

Furthermore, Persian imperatives differentiate between an informal singular form, used within intimate social circles, and a formal or plural form, essential for politeness with strangers, elders, or in professional settings. Understanding these distinctions is not merely about grammatical accuracy; it is vital for navigating the intricate social etiquette of تعارف (*ta’ârof*), where subtle linguistic choices convey respect and social standing.

How This Grammar Works

Persian imperatives function by modifying the present stem (بن مضارع) of a verb. Every Persian verb possesses two primary stems: the infinitive stem (or past stem) and the present stem. The infinitive (مصدر, *masdar*) consistently ends in -دن (*-dan*) or -تن (*-tan*), indicating the verb's base form.

However, the present stem is often derived irregularly, meaning its form cannot be consistently predicted from the infinitive and must be learned individually for each verb. This irregularity is a primary challenge for learners, yet it is unavoidable as the present stem is the foundational element for all present tense forms, including the present indicative, subjunctive, and crucially, the imperative. For example, the infinitive رفتن (*raftan*, to go) has the present stem رو (*rav*), not رفت (*raft*).

Similarly, خوردن (*khordan*, to eat) has the present stem خور (*khor*). The present stem acts as the semantic core, representing the verb's action in its non-past, aspect-neutral form.

To transform a present stem into an imperative, most verbs necessitate the addition of the imperative prefix بـِـ (*be-*). This prefix is rarely optional; its function is to explicitly signal the verb's imperative mood, directing or intensifying the action. Historically, this prefix, sometimes referred to as the subjunctive prefix, evolved from Old and Middle Persian forms that served to emphasize or mandate the verb's action.

Its presence makes a command grammatically complete and naturally flowing in spoken Persian. Consider the distinction between بُرُو (*boru*, go!) and the bare stem رَو (*rav*). While رَو conveys the action of going, بُرُو actively commands it, rendering رَو as an incomplete or dictionary-like entry rather than a functional directive.

The prefix thus serves as a critical grammatical marker that activates the imperative function of the verb.

Persian imperatives are exclusively formed in the second person, addressing either a single person informally (تو, *to*, you singular) or multiple people, or a single person formally (شما, *shomâ*, you plural/formal). The specific form you choose directly reflects your social relationship with the addressee and the required level of politeness. The informal singular form typically consists solely of the بـِـ prefix attached to the present stem (e.g., بُخور, *bokhor*, eat!

(to one friend)). The formal/plural form extends this by adding the suffix -ید (*-id*) to the prefixed stem (e.g., بِخورید, *bokhorid*, eat! (to multiple people or an elder)).

This suffix directly parallels the second person plural ending found in the present indicative and subjunctive, reinforcing the grammatical consistency within the verbal system. This morphological distinction is a fundamental aspect of تعارف, allowing speakers to adjust their level of deference and respect purely through verb conjugation.

Furthermore, the بـِـ prefix frequently undergoes phonetic assimilation, modifying its pronunciation and sometimes its spelling to integrate smoothly with the initial sound of the present stem. This is not an arbitrary exception but a predictable phonological process for smoother articulation. For instance, if the present stem begins with a vowel sound like و (*v/u*) or اُ (*o*), the prefix بـِـ often shifts to بُـ (*bo-*).

Similarly, if the stem begins with آ (*â*), بـِـ typically transforms into بیـ (*bi-*). These sound changes are crucial for achieving natural pronunciation and are integral to sounding like a native speaker, rather than being simple irregularities. For example, the infinitive آمدن (*âmadan*, to come) has the present stem آ (*â*), which results in بیــا (*biâ*, come!), avoiding the less fluid *be-â*.

Formation Pattern

Forming Persian imperatives involves a systematic process that heavily depends on identifying the correct present stem of the verb. While the present stem's irregularity can initially appear complex, consistent practice and the application of clear rules will make it intuitive. You must prioritize memorizing common irregular present stems.

General Formula for Imperative Formation:

Identify the Infinitive (مصدر, *masdar*): This is the base form of any verb, ending in -دن (*-dan*) or -تن (*-tan*). For example, نوشتن (*neveshtan*, to write).

Derive or Recall the Present Stem (بن مضارع, *bon-e mozâre’*): This is the most critical step and often requires memorization. The present stem for نوشتن is نویس (*nevis*). For گفتن (*goftan*, to say/speak), it's گو (*gu*). Use a reliable Persian dictionary or a verb conjugator as an essential resource if you are unsure.

Add the Imperative Prefix بـِـ (*be-*): For the vast majority of verbs, this prefix is mandatory to explicitly mark the command. Thus, نویس becomes بِنویس (*benevis*).

Form the Singular Informal Imperative (تو, *to*): The prefixed present stem, potentially with phonetic assimilation, constitutes the informal singular command. For instance, بِنویس! (*benevis!*, Write! (to one friend)). This form is appropriate for close relationships, children, or pets.

Form the Plural/Formal Imperative (شما, *shomâ*): To the prefixed present stem, add the suffix -ید (*-id*). For بِنویس, this becomes بِنویسید! (*benevisid!*, Write! (to multiple people or formally to one person)). This form is the default for politeness, respect, and when addressing more than one individual.

Common Verbs and Their Imperatives:

| :------------------- | :-------------------------- | :-------------------------- | :-------------------------------- | :-------- |

Phonetic Variations of the Prefix بـِـ (*be-*)

The prefix بـِـ is not always pronounced as *be-*; its form adapts to the initial sound of the present stem for natural speech flow. These are not true irregularities but consistent phonological rules:

بـِـ -> بُـ (*bo-*): This occurs when the present stem begins with sounds like رو (*rav*) from رفتن (to go), خو (*khor*) from خوردن (to eat), or شو (*shav*) from شدن (to become). Examples include بُرُو (*boru*), بُخور (*bokhor*), and بُشُو (*bosho*). This prevents awkward initial consonant clusters.

بـِـ -> بیـ (*bi-*): This shift is typically observed when the present stem begins with آ (*â*). For instance, آمدن (*âmadan*) has the present stem آ (*â*), which forms بیــا (*biâ*, come!). This vocalic assimilation simplifies pronunciation.

Verbs Without the بـِـ (*be-*) Prefix:

A small but significant category of verbs do not take the بـِـ prefix in their imperative forms. The most prominent examples are داشتن (*dâshtan*, to have) and دانستن (*dânestan*, to know). Their present stems are دار (*dâr*) and دان (*dân*) respectively. You generally do not say *بِدار or *بِدان. For داشتن, possession in an imperative context is usually expressed through compound structures like داشته باش (*dâshte bâsh*, literally 'have it so that you exist,' meaning 'keep' or 'have'). For دانستن, direct imperatives are rare; instead, one might use phrases like آگاه باش (*âgâh bâsh*, be aware) or other phrasings to convey similar directives. This omission is rooted in semantic properties, as these verbs describe states rather than active commands in the typical sense.

Colloquial Shortenings:

In spoken Persian, especially informal contexts, the formal/plural imperative suffix -ید (*-id*) is frequently shortened. It can become simply -ید (*-id*) or even -ید if the stem already ends in a vowel. For instance, بِرَوید (*beravid*) is commonly pronounced بِرید (*berid*), and بِگویید (*begu-yid*) often becomes بِگید (*begid*). While these shortenings are pervasive in everyday conversation, it is generally advisable to use the full, written forms in formal contexts or until you have developed a nuanced understanding of their appropriate colloquial usage. The written standard generally retains the full forms.

When To Use It

Persian imperatives are highly versatile, serving a broad spectrum of communicative functions from direct instructions to nuanced requests and invitations. Their appropriate application is heavily influenced by the context, your relationship with the person you are addressing, and the desired level of formality or politeness.

1. Direct Commands:

The most straightforward application of the imperative is to issue a direct order or instruction. These are typically concise and unambiguous. For instance, کتاب را بِخوان. (*Ketâb râ bekhân.* - Read the book.) or سَریع بیــا اینجا. (*Sari’ biâ injâ.* - Come here quickly.) The informal singular (تو) form is commonly used with children, close friends, or in situations where urgency overrides strict politeness.

Using the formal/plural (شما) form for a direct command softens it, transforming it into a strong, polite request.

2. Requests and Invitations:

Imperatives are frequently used to make requests or extend invitations, often softened by adverbs like لطفاً (*lotfan*, please) or through culturally ingrained politeness markers. An example is لطفاً دَر را بِبَندید. (*Lotfan dar râ bebandid.* - Please close the door.) (Formal/polite request). A quintessential Persian invitation is بِفَرمایید تو. (*Befarmâid tu.* - Please come in.), which is the imperative of فرمودن (*farmudan*, to order/command respectfully).

Its use in invitations embodies تعارف, politely placing the guest in a position of authority by inviting them to 'command' their own entry. This demonstrates how imperatives can convey extreme politeness rather than just direct orders.

3. Instructions and Directions:

Whether guiding someone physically or outlining a procedure, imperatives provide clear, actionable steps. For example, مُستَقیم بِرَوید، بَعد به چَپ بِپیچید. (*Mostaghim beravid, ba'd be chap bepichid.* - Go straight, then turn left.) or اِبتِدا بَرنامه را باز کُن، سِپس اِطّلاعات را وارد کُن. (*Ebtedâ barnâme râ bâz kon, sepas etelâ’ât râ vâred kon.* - First, open the program, then enter the information.) In instructional settings, the choice between the تو and شما forms depends on the assumed relationship with the audience or user, often defaulting to شما for a general or respectful audience.

4. Prohibitions (Negative Imperatives):

To instruct someone *not* to perform an action, you form a negative imperative. This is achieved by replacing the positive imperative's بـِـ (*be-*) prefix with نَـ (*na-*). For example, نَرَو! (*Naro!* - Don't go!) or به مَن نَگو! (*Be man nagu!* - Don't tell me!).

For a formal or plural prohibition: با تِلِفُن صُحبَت نَکُنید. (*Bâ telefon sohbat nakonid.* - Don't speak on the phone.) It is crucial to remember that نَـ and بـِـ never appear together; نَـ always takes precedence for negation, overriding any بـِـ prefix that would otherwise be present.

5. Warnings and Advice:

Imperatives are naturally suited for conveying warnings or offering advice, frequently appearing in conjunction with adverbs or specific warning phrases. Common examples include خِیلی مُواظِب باش. (*Kheyli movâzeb bâsh.* - Be very careful.) or دِقَّت کُن. (*Deghghat kon.* - Pay attention.) Another typical piece of advice would be اَوَّل خوب فِکر کُن، بَعد تَصمیم بِگیر. (*Avval khub fekr kon, ba'd tasmim begir.* - First think well, then decide.) These uses emphasize caution or recommended actions.

6. Social Media and Modern Contexts:

In contemporary Persian communication, particularly online and in digital media, imperatives are ubiquitous and highly functional. English loanwords are often integrated by combining them with the light verb کردن (*kardan*, to do) to form compound verbs, which then readily become imperatives. For example, این پُست را لایک کُن! (*In post râ lâik kon!* - Like this post!) or کامِنت بِگُذارید. (*Komment begozârid.* - Leave a comment.) (using the formal for a general audience).

Another common one is صَفحِه ما را فالُو کُنید. (*Safhe-ye mâ râ fâlo konid.* - Follow our page.) This usage highlights the dynamic adaptability of Persian grammar, seamlessly incorporating new vocabulary into established imperative structures for modern communication.

Common Mistakes

Learners frequently encounter specific pitfalls when forming and employing Persian imperatives. Recognizing these common errors and understanding their grammatical or socio-linguistic roots is critical for achieving accuracy and avoiding misunderstandings or unintentional impoliteness.

Incorrect Present Stem Identification: This is arguably the most common and significant error. The present stem (بن مضارع) is frequently irregular and cannot be reliably predicted from the infinitive (مصدر). Attempting to guess or apply an incorrect rule will lead to unintelligible or nonexistent verb forms. For instance, using *بِرف instead of بُرُو (*boru*) for 'go!' is a fundamental error derived from mistaking the past stem for the present stem. Always verify the present stem through memorization or a reliable dictionary.

Omitting the بـِـ (*be-*) Prefix: For most verbs, the بـِـ prefix is obligatory. Omitting it will make your command sound incomplete, grammatically bare, and unnatural to a native speaker. For example, saying خور (*khor*) instead of بُخور (*bokhor*) for 'eat!' sounds less like an imperative and more like a vocabulary entry. The prefix acts as a vital grammatical marker for the imperative mood.

Using بـِـ (*be-*) When Forbidden: Conversely, attempting to apply the بـِـ prefix to verbs that intrinsically omit it, such as داشتن (*dâshtan*, to have) or دانستن (*dânestan*, to know), is incorrect. Saying *بِدار or *بِدان is ungrammatical. Remember that these verbs, due to their semantic nature as states rather than active commands, require alternative phrasing or compound verb constructions (e.g., داشته باش).

Confusing Formal and Informal Forms: Inappropriate use of the تو (informal singular) versus شما (formal/plural) forms can lead to social awkwardness or even unintentional offense. Using the informal form with an elder, a stranger, or in a professional context can be perceived as disrespectful, violating the principles of تعارف. Conversely, using the formal form with a very close friend might sound overly stiff or distant. Always assess your relationship with the interlocutor and the social context before choosing.

Incorrect Negation: A common error is attempting to combine the negative prefix نَـ (*na-*) with the imperative prefix بـِـ (*be-*), resulting in forms like *نَبخور. This is incorrect. For negative imperatives, the نَـ prefix always replaces, rather than accompanies, the بـِـ prefix. The correct form is نَخور (*nakhor*, don't eat!). Do not confuse this with the subjunctive mood where نَـ can appear without بـِـ for negative forms.

Over-reliance on Literal Translation for Politeness: Learners might directly translate English polite requests (e.g.,

Imperative Conjugation Table

Person	Affirmative	Negative
Singular (Informal)	بخوان (Bekhan)	نخوان (Nakhan)
Plural/Formal	بخوانید (Bekhanid)	نخوانید (Nakhanid)

Common Irregular Imperatives

Verb	Stem	Imperative
آمدن (To come)	آ (A)	بیا (Bia)
گفتن (To say)	گو (Go)	بگو (Bego)

Meanings

The imperative mood is used to give direct orders, requests, or advice to others.

Direct Command

A strong instruction to do something.

“بخور! (Eat!)”

“بنویس! (Write!)”

Polite Request

A respectful way to ask someone to do something.

“بفرمایید! (Please, go ahead/come in!)”

“بنشینید! (Please sit down!)”

Negative Prohibition

Telling someone not to do an action.

“نرو! (Don't go!)”

“نخور! (Don't eat!)”

Reference Table

Reference table for 波斯语命令与请求：这样做！（祈使句）
不定式 (原形)	现在时词干	非正式 (单数)	正式 (礼貌/复数)
Khordan (吃)	Khor	Bokhor	Bokhorid
Raftan (去)	Rav	Boro	Berid
Âmadan (来)	Â	Biâ	Biâid
Goftan (说)	Gu	Begu	Beguid
Kardan (做)	Kon	Bokon	Bokonid
Dâshtan (有/持有)	Dâr	Dâshte bâsh	Dâshte bâshid

正式程度

正式

لطفاً تشریف بیاورید.

لطفاً تشریف بیاورید. (Inviting someone)

中性

لطفاً بیایید.

لطفاً بیایید. (Inviting someone)

非正式

بیا اینجا.

بیا اینجا. (Inviting someone)

俚语

بیا دیگه!

بیا دیگه! (Inviting someone)

祈使句构成要素

祈使句

前缀

Be- 肯定的
Na- 否定的

后缀

(无) 非正式
-id 正式/复数

随性 vs. 礼貌波斯语

随性 (朋友)

Boro 去吧

Begu 说吧

Bokon 做吧

礼貌 (陌生人)

Berid 请走

Begid 请说

Bokonid 请做

如何构成波斯语指令

是“不要做”吗？

YES

使用 'Na-' 前缀

使用 'Be-' 前缀

是跟朋友说话吗？

YES

不需要结尾

NO ↓

跟长辈或群体说话？

YES

加上 '-id' 结尾

NO ↓

常见指令场景

📱

社交媒体

• Follow kon! (关注我)
• Comment bezâr! (留言吧)
• Share konid! (请分享)

☕

用餐

• Befarmâyid! (请吃/喝)
• Bokhorid! (请享用)
• Hesâb konid! (请结账)

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按水平分级的例句

برو!

Go!

بیا!

Come!

بخور!

Eat!

بنویس!

Write!

لطفاً بنشینید.

Please sit down.

نرو!

Don't go!

کتاب را بخوانید.

Read the book.

اینجا نایستید.

Don't stand here.

غذا را گرم کنید.

Heat the food.

به من زنگ بزن.

Call me.

سریع‌تر حرکت کنید.

Move faster.

درباره آن فکر کن.

Think about it.

لطفاً فرم را امضا بفرمایید.

Please sign the form.

هرگز این اشتباه را تکرار نکن.

Never repeat this mistake.

به حرف‌های من گوش دهید.

Listen to my words.

سعی کنید آرام باشید.

Try to be calm.

بگذارید حقیقت را بگویم.

Let me tell the truth.

این فرصت را غنیمت شمار.

Seize this opportunity.

به یاد داشته باشید که...

Keep in mind that...

از این کار دست بکشید.

Cease this action.

بنگر که چگونه زمان می‌گذرد.

Behold how time passes.

این بار گران را بر دوش مگیر.

Do not take this heavy burden upon your shoulders.

خویشتن را دریاب.

Find yourself.

به نیکی رفتار کنید.

Act with kindness.

容易混淆

Persian Commands & Requests: Do this! (Imperatives) 对比 Subjunctive

Both use the 'be-' prefix.

常见错误

✗

رفتن

✓

برو

Using the infinitive instead of the stem.

✗

ب-رو

✓

برو

Adding a hyphen or extra space.

✗

نروید

✓

نرو

Using formal ending for informal situations.

✗

بگویید

✓

بگویید

Over-formalizing simple requests.

句型

لطفاً ___ کنید.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

بیا خونه.

Ordering Food very common

یک چای بده.

Job Interview common

بفرمایید.

Travel common

بلیت را نشان بده.

Social Media common

لایک کن!

Delivery App common

تحویل بگیر.

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💡

神奇的 'O' 变音

如果动词词干里有 'o' 的音（比如 khor），前缀 be- 也会顺口变成 bo-。 Bokhor

⚠️

别太直白哦！

对陌生人直接用单数指令会显得有点凶，最好加上礼貌结尾。 In-o benevisid

💬

万能神词 Befarmâyid

这个词简直是波斯语里的瑞士军刀，请进、请坐、请吃、给你，通通都能用！

Befarmâyid beshinid lotfan.

Smart Tips

Always add 'lotfan' (please) before the verb.

بنشین! → لطفاً بنشینید.

Memorize the stem of the most common 10 verbs.

آمدن → بیا

Ensure 'na-' is attached directly to the stem.

نرو → نرو

Always use the plural 'id' form.

بگو → بگویید

发音

BE-ro

Stress

The stress usually falls on the 'be-' prefix.

Command

برو! ↘

Falling intonation indicates a firm command.

记住它

记忆技巧

Be- for 'Be' doing it, Na- for 'No' doing it.

视觉联想

Imagine a 'B' shaped battery (Be-) powering a machine, and a 'N' shaped stop sign (Na-) blocking it.

Rhyme

Be- to do, Na- to stop, Persian commands are at the top!

Story

Ali tells his dog 'Bia' (Come). The dog runs to him. Then he says 'Nashin' (Don't sit). The dog stands up. Ali is happy.

Word Web

بیابروبگوبخوربخوانبنویس

挑战

Give 5 commands to your pet or a plant in Persian today.

文化笔记

Persians use 'Ta'arof' (politeness). Always use the plural 'id' for strangers.

Derived from Old Persian verb forms.

对话开场白

“

بیا اینجا!

日记主题

Write 5 commands you would give to a robot.

常见错误

Incorrect

正确

Incorrect

正确

Incorrect

正确

Incorrect

正确

Test Yourself

请填入 'khordan' (吃) 的非正式祈使句形式。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:

对朋友说“吃吧”，要用 'be-' 加上词干 'khor'。

哪个是“坐下”的正确礼貌用法？

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:

加上 '-id' 结尾能让语气瞬间变得正式且礼貌。

找出这个否定指令中的错误。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:

如果你在和朋友聊天，应该用 'naro'。'Naravid' 虽然对，但太正式了。

Score: /3

练习题

8 exercises

Fill in the blank.

___ (Go) به خانه.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: برو

Imperative form of raftan.

Choose the correct form. 多项选择

Which is the formal command?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: بخوانید

Formal uses -id.

Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

نرفتن!

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: نرو

Use stem for negative.

Change to negative. Sentence Transformation

بیا -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: نیا

Negative of bia is nia.

Build a sentence. Sentence Building

لطفاً (بنشینید) اینجا.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: لطفاً اینجا بنشینید

Standard word order.

Conjugate 'گفتن'. Conjugation Drill

Formal command?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: بگویید

Formal uses -id.

Match verb to command. Match Pairs

آمدن -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: بیا

Stem of amadan is a.

True or False? True False Rule

Imperatives use the infinitive.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False

Imperatives use the stem.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

10 exercises

用正式祈使句翻译：“请写下你的名字”。填空

Please write your name.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lotfan esmetun-o benevisid

重新排列词语，表达“别开门”。填空

نکن / در / باز / را

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: در را باز نکن

将动词原形与其非正式祈使句配对。填空

Match the pairs:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Raftan - Boro

用 'goftan' 的复数祈使句完成句子。填空

حقیقت را ___ (Tell).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: begid

选出非正式的那个词：填空

Pick the casual one:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bokon

修正动词形式：'lotfan in-o bedi' (请给这个)。填空

lotfan in-o bedi

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lotfan in-o bedid

怎么随口说“关窗户”？填空

Close the window.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: panjere-ro beband

填入 'kardan' (做) 的否定祈使句。填空

این کار را ___ (Don't do).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: nakon

匹配正式与非正式的对应项。填空

Match the pairs:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Boro - Berid

选出“别担心”的正确说法：填空

Don't worry:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: negarân nabâsh

Score: /10

常见问题 (8)

No, always use the present stem.

Add the '-id' suffix.

Yes, for affirmative commands.

They have unique stems, like 'bia' for 'amadan'.

Yes, 'shoma' is often implied.

It's grammatically incorrect.

No, imperatives are for others.

Use the 'na-' prefix.

Scaffolded Practice

1

2

3

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Imperativo

Prefix vs Suffix.

French moderate

Impératif

Stem usage.

German moderate

Imperativ

Prefix usage.

Japanese low

Te-form

Word order.

Arabic high

Amr

Morphological structure.

Chinese low

Verb only

Conjugation.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Connected Grammar

Present Tense

Prerequisite

You need the stem.

波斯语现在时否定句：如何说“不” (ne-mī-)

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波斯语命令与请求：这样做！（祈使句）

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Overview

How This Grammar Works

Formation Pattern

When To Use It

Common Mistakes

Imperative Conjugation Table

Common Irregular Imperatives

Meanings

Direct Command

Polite Request

Negative Prohibition

Reference Table

正式程度

祈使句构成要素

前缀

后缀

随性 vs. 礼貌波斯语

如何构成波斯语指令

常见指令场景

社交媒体

用餐

按水平分级的例句

容易混淆

常见错误

句型

Real World Usage

神奇的 'O' 变音

别太直白哦！

万能神词 Befarmâyid

Smart Tips

发音

记住它

记忆技巧

视觉联想

Rhyme

Story

Word Web

挑战

文化笔记

你知道吗？

对话开场白

日记主题

常见错误

Test Yourself

练习题

Practice Bank

常见问题 (8)

Scaffolded Practice

1

2

3

4

Mastery Progress

In Other Languages

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Connected Grammar

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