المبني للمجهول في الأزمنة المركبة (Ter + Sido)
sido بعد فعل ter المصرّف، وتأكد إن اسم المفعول بيتبع المبتدأ في النوع والعدد. الكلمات المفتاحية: ter، sido، «التوافق».
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'ter + sido + past participle' to describe actions that have been completed by someone over a period of time.
- Use 'ter' (conjugated) + 'sido' + 'past participle' to express a passive action that occurred repeatedly or continuously.
- The past participle must agree in gender and number with the subject of the sentence.
- This structure is common in formal writing and reporting to emphasize the action rather than the agent.
نظرة عامة
ter (يملك/لديه) + اسم المفعول (مثل *tenho feito*). لجعله مبنيًا للمجهول، نُدخل الفعل ser في المنتصف تمامًا. ولكن بما أنه زمن مركب، يتحول ser نفسه إلى صيغة اسم المفعول: sido.- 1المبتدأ (Subject): متلقي الفعل.
- 2المساعد (
Ter): يحمل الزمن (مضارع، ماضي، مستقبل). - 3علامة المبني للمجهول (
Sido): دائمًاsido. لا تتغير أبدًا. تخبرنا أن «هذا مبني للمجهول». - 4الفعل الرئيسي (
Participle): الحدث نفسه. هام: على عكس المبني للمعلوم، يجب أن يتطابق اسم المفعول هذا في الجنس والعدد مع المبتدأ.
sido كالجسر الذي يربط الخط الزمني (ter) بالحدث (الفعل الرئيسي).- تأكيد العواقب: عندما تكون النتيجة أهم من الفاعل.
- التقارير الرسمية: الصحافة والكتابة الأكاديمية تحب هذا الهيكل.
- الجداول الزمنية والمواعيد النهائية: خاصة مع المستقبل التام.
- فخ المطابقة: نسيان مطابقة اسم المفعول مع المبتدأ في المبني للمجهول.
- نسيان
Sido: بدونه، تصبح الجملة مبنية للمعلوم. - استخدام
Estarبدلاً منTer: لا تخلط بين الهياكل.
- المركب المبني للمعلوم: التركيز على ما يفعله الفاعل.
- المركب المبني للمجهول (هذه القاعدة): التركيز على ما يحدث للمبتدأ.
- الحالة الناتجة (
Estar): التركيز على الوضع الحالي.
Sido ثابت.Formation of Compound Passive
| Subject | Auxiliary (Ter) | Participle (Ser) | Main Verb |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Eu
|
tenho
|
sido
|
feito(a)
|
|
Você/Ele/Ela
|
tem
|
sido
|
feito(a)
|
|
Nós
|
temos
|
sido
|
feitos(as)
|
|
Vocês/Eles/Elas
|
têm
|
sido
|
feitos(as)
|
Meanings
This construction forms the passive voice for compound tenses, indicating an action that has been performed by an agent over a duration.
Continuous Passive
Actions that have been happening repeatedly up to the present.
“As leis têm sido discutidas no congresso.”
“Muitos erros têm sido cometidos recentemente.”
Reference Table
| الزمن | التركيبة (Ter + Sido + ...) | مثال (الرسائل...) | الترجمة |
|---|---|---|---|
|
الماضي التام القريب
|
têm sido + اسم المفعول
|
As cartas têm sido escritas.
|
الرسائل كُتبت (وما زالت تُكتب).
|
|
الماضي الأبعد
|
tinham sido + اسم المفعول
|
As cartas tinham sido escritas.
|
الرسائل كانت قد كُتبت.
|
|
المستقبل التام
|
terão sido + اسم المفعول
|
As cartas terão sido escritas.
|
الرسائل ستكون قد كُتبت.
|
|
المستقبل الشرطي التام
|
teriam sido + اسم المفعول
|
As cartas teriam sido escritas.
|
الرسائل كانت ستكون قد كُتبت.
|
طيف الرسمية
Os relatórios têm sido verificados pela auditoria. (Workplace)
Os relatórios têm sido verificados. (Workplace)
A gente tem verificado os relatórios. (Workplace)
Os relatórios tão sendo vistos. (Workplace)
تشريح جملة المبني للمجهول المركبة
المكونات
- Auxiliar (Ter) يحدد الزمن
- Sido جسر المجهول
- Particípio يطابق المبتدأ
المبني للمعلوم ضد المجهول في الأزمنة المركبة
خطوات بناء الجملة
هل الزمن مركب؟
هل المبتدأ جمع؟
هل المبتدأ مؤنث؟
الأزمنة الشائعة للمبني للمجهول
الماضي التام القريب
- • Tem sido feito
- • عادة مستمرة
الماضي الأبعد
- • Tinha sido feito
- • ماضي قبل ماضي
المستقبل التام
- • Terá sido feito
- • سينتهي في المستقبل
أمثلة حسب المستوى
Os livros têm sido lidos.
The books have been read.
As cartas têm sido enviadas.
The letters have been sent.
Os testes têm sido feitos.
The tests have been done.
As portas têm sido abertas.
The doors have been opened.
Os projetos têm sido finalizados.
The projects have been finished.
As reuniões têm sido canceladas.
The meetings have been cancelled.
Os preços têm sido aumentados.
The prices have been increased.
As luzes têm sido desligadas.
The lights have been turned off.
Muitas leis têm sido alteradas recentemente.
Many laws have been changed recently.
Os relatórios têm sido revisados com cuidado.
The reports have been reviewed carefully.
As estratégias têm sido discutidas pela diretoria.
The strategies have been discussed by the board.
Os problemas têm sido ignorados por muito tempo.
The problems have been ignored for a long time.
As políticas de segurança têm sido implementadas em todo o país.
Security policies have been implemented nationwide.
Os dados têm sido analisados por especialistas.
The data has been analyzed by experts.
As metas têm sido alcançadas com sucesso.
The goals have been reached successfully.
Os recursos têm sido alocados de forma eficiente.
Resources have been allocated efficiently.
As falhas no sistema têm sido reportadas recorrentemente pelos usuários.
System failures have been reported recurrently by users.
As mudanças climáticas têm sido estudadas exaustivamente pela comunidade científica.
Climate change has been studied exhaustively by the scientific community.
As decisões têm sido tomadas sem a devida consulta pública.
Decisions have been made without proper public consultation.
Os direitos humanos têm sido defendidos por diversas organizações internacionais.
Human rights have been defended by various international organizations.
As estruturas arcaicas têm sido desmanteladas em prol de uma modernização institucional.
Archaic structures have been dismantled in favor of institutional modernization.
As nuances do discurso têm sido interpretadas de formas divergentes pelos críticos.
The nuances of the discourse have been interpreted in divergent ways by critics.
As evidências têm sido corroboradas por múltiplos estudos independentes.
The evidence has been corroborated by multiple independent studies.
As tensões diplomáticas têm sido mitigadas através de negociações bilaterais.
Diplomatic tensions have been mitigated through bilateral negotiations.
سهل الخلط
Learners confuse 'são feitos' (are done) with 'têm sido feitos' (have been being done).
Learners confuse active voice with passive voice.
Learners aren't sure when to use 'haver' as an auxiliary.
أخطاء شائعة
Os livros tem sido lido.
Os livros têm sido lidos.
Eles tem sido feito.
Eles têm sido feitos.
Tem sido feito os testes.
Os testes têm sido feitos.
Tem sido lida os livros.
Os livros têm sido lidos.
As cartas tem sido enviado.
As cartas têm sido enviadas.
Não tem sido feito nada.
Nada tem sido feito.
Têm sido feito muitas coisas.
Muitas coisas têm sido feitas.
Os relatórios têm sido revisando.
Os relatórios têm sido revisados.
Têm sido discutido os problemas.
Os problemas têm sido discutidos.
Eles têm sido visto.
Eles têm sido vistos.
As decisões têm sido tomado.
As decisões têm sido tomadas.
Têm sido sendo feito.
Têm sido feito.
Os dados têm sido analisado.
Os dados têm sido analisados.
A gente tem sido feito.
Nós temos sido feitos.
أنماط الجُمل
Os ___ têm sido ___ pelo(a) ___.
___ têm sido ___ recentemente.
Têm ___ sido ___?
Não têm sido ___ os ___.
Real World Usage
Os resultados têm sido analisados mensalmente.
As medidas têm sido criticadas pela oposição.
As amostras têm sido coletadas em diferentes locais.
Os preços têm sido um absurdo!
Meus projetos têm sido bem-sucedidos.
As rotas têm sido alteradas devido ao clima.
اختصار 'Tem Sido'
O sistema tem sido testado.
تنبيه التوافق
As cartas tinham sido escritas.
الرسمي ضد العامي
O crime terá sido cometido ontem.
Smart Tips
Use 'têm sido' to sound more objective.
Use 'têm sido' to emphasize the duration.
Check the participle ending immediately.
Use 'têm sido' for safety in formal contexts.
النطق
Têm
The nasal sound in 'têm' is crucial to distinguish it from 'tem' (singular).
Sido
The 's' is soft, and the 'o' at the end is often reduced to a 'u' sound in Brazilian Portuguese.
Declarative
Os relatórios têm sido lidos. ↘
Falling intonation indicates a completed statement of fact.
Interrogative
Têm os relatórios sido lidos? ↗
Rising intonation indicates a question.
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Think of 'Ter' as the 'Time-keeper' and 'Sido' as the 'Bridge' to the action.
ربط بصري
Imagine a conveyor belt (the 'ter' time) moving items (the subject) that are being stamped (the 'sido' + participle) one by one.
Rhyme
Com 'ter' e 'sido' a ação se repete, o particípio concorda, ninguém se compromete.
Story
Maria is a quality inspector. Every day, she watches the factory line. She says, 'Os produtos têm sido verificados' (The products have been checked). She repeats this every hour, emphasizing the ongoing nature of the work.
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Write 5 sentences about your daily work or study routine using 'têm sido' in 5 minutes.
ملاحظات ثقافية
In Brazil, 'ter' is almost exclusively used for this construction, even in formal contexts.
In Portugal, 'haver' is sometimes preferred in very formal or literary contexts, though 'ter' is common.
This construction is highly valued in academic writing to maintain an objective tone.
Derived from the Latin 'habere' (to have) and 'esse' (to be).
بدايات محادثة
Quais projetos têm sido desenvolvidos na sua empresa?
Como as regras têm sido aplicadas ultimamente?
Você acha que os problemas têm sido resolvidos?
Quais mudanças têm sido notadas na cidade?
مواضيع للكتابة اليومية
أخطاء شائعة
Test Yourself
As janelas tinham sido ___ (fechar) antes da chuva.
أي جملة تستخدم المبني للمجهول في الماضي الأبعد بشكل صحيح؟
Os relatórios têm sido escrito à mão.
Score: /3
تمارين تطبيقية
8 exercisesOs relatórios ___ (ser) revisados pela equipe.
Find and fix the mistake:
As cartas tem sido enviado.
Which sentence is correct?
sido / os / têm / feitos / testes
Eles (ter + sido + feito)
As casas...
Use: metas, têm, sido, alcançadas.
The participle must agree with the subject.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesA decisão ___ (ter/ser) tomada ontem à noite.
sido / projeto / O / finalizado / tinha / já
طابق الجمل.
The rules had been broken.
As cartas terão sido entregue amanhã.
بحلول عام 2030، المدينة ___ (ستكون قد أُعيد بناؤها).
Se eu soubesse, o carro não ___ (would have) sido vendido.
sido / avisados / Nós / tínhamos / não
طابق المصطلحات القواعدية.
Muitas mentiras têm sido contadas.
O projeto haviam sido cancelado.
Elas ___ sido convidadas para a festa, mas não foram.
اختر الجملة اللي معناها 'يتم اختبار النظام حالياً وبشكل متكرر'.
Score: /13
الأسئلة الشائعة (8)
In Brazil, 'ter' is standard. In Portugal, 'haver' is used in very formal writing.
Yes, it must agree in gender and number with the subject.
It is more common in writing, but used in formal speech.
Place 'não' before 'têm': 'Não têm sido feitos'.
Use 'tenho': 'Eu tenho sido elogiado'.
Yes, 'têm' is plural, 'tem' is singular.
No, this is for actions that have been happening up to now.
It requires mastery of agreement and register.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
han sido + participio
Spanish uses 'haber', Portuguese uses 'ter'.
ont été + participe
French uses 'être' for passive, not 'avoir'.
sind ... worden
German uses 'werden', Portuguese uses 'ter + sido'.
passive form + te iru
Japanese is agglutinative; Portuguese is analytic.
passive voice + verb
Arabic uses morphology, not auxiliary verbs.
bei + agent + verb
Chinese does not conjugate verbs.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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