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B1 noun #2,000 پرکاربردترین 8 دقیقه مطالعه

履歴

rireki
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 履歴 در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح 履歴 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn Japanese. The word 履歴 (rireki) might seem a bit difficult, but you will see it often if you use a Japanese smartphone or computer. At this stage, you only need to know that 履歴 means 'history' or 'record' in a digital sense. For example, when you open your web browser, you might see the word 履歴 for your browsing history. When you look at your phone calls, you will see 履歴 for your call log. You don't need to write this kanji yet, but recognizing the shape of the characters will help you navigate Japanese menus. A very common phrase to remember is 履歴を消す (rireki o kesu), which means 'to delete history.' You might also hear about a 履歴書 (rirekisho), which is a resume. If you want to get a part-time job (アルバイト) in Japan, you will need to buy a 履歴書 at a convenience store and fill it out. Focus on recognizing the word in daily life rather than using it in complex sentences. Just knowing that it means 'a list of things you did in the past' is enough for now.
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At the A2 level, you are becoming more comfortable with everyday Japanese. You should now be able to use 履歴 (rireki) in simple sentences, especially regarding technology and daily tasks. You know that 履歴 means a log or record. You can start combining it with common verbs. For example, 履歴を見る (rireki o miru - to look at the history) or 履歴が残る (rireki ga nokoru - history remains). You will frequently see compound words like 着信履歴 (chakushin rireki - incoming call history) and 発信履歴 (hasshin rireki - outgoing call history) on your phone. If you shop online, you will use 注文履歴 (chuumon rireki - order history) to check what you bought. You should also understand the importance of 履歴書 (rirekisho - resume) when applying for jobs. At this level, try to distinguish 履歴 from 歴史 (rekishi). Remember that 歴史 is for the history of a country or the world, while 履歴 is for your personal log or computer data. Practice saying sentences like 'ブラウザの履歴を消しました' (I deleted the browser history) or '履歴書を書きます' (I will write a resume).
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At the B1 level, 履歴 (rireki) becomes an active part of your vocabulary, especially as you might be considering working or studying in Japan. You should be fully comfortable with 履歴書 (rirekisho - resume) and the culture surrounding it. You need to know how to talk about submitting a resume: 履歴書を提出する (rirekisho o teishutsu suru). You should also be familiar with more specific digital terms like 閲覧履歴 (etsuran rireki - browsing history) and 検索履歴 (kensaku rireki - search history). At this stage, you can express more complex ideas, such as '検索履歴に基づいて広告が表示される' (Ads are displayed based on search history). You should also understand the difference between 履歴 (the record itself) and 経歴 (keireki - the actual career or experience). When talking about someone's professional background in a conversation, use 経歴. When referring to the document or the data log, use 履歴. You will also encounter 履歴 in administrative contexts, such as checking a bank account's transaction history (取引履歴 - torihiki rireki). Mastery at B1 means using these compound nouns accurately in context.
At the B2 level, your use of 履歴 (rireki) should be precise and natural in both professional and technical contexts. You are expected to understand and use a wide variety of compound words involving 履歴. In an IT or office environment, you will use terms like 変更履歴 (henkou rireki - change log/history), 更新履歴 (koushin rireki - update history), and アクセス履歴 (akusesu rireki - access log). You should be able to discuss the implications of these records, such as privacy concerns regarding 位置情報履歴 (ichijouhou rireki - location history). In a business setting, you might need to say '過去の対応履歴を確認してください' (Please check the past correspondence history). You also understand the nuances of formal job applications, including the difference between a standard 履歴書 (resume) and a 職務経歴書 (shokumu keirekisho - detailed work history document). Your grammar should support complex sentences, such as 'システムの不具合を調査するために、サーバーの稼働履歴を解析する必要がある' (In order to investigate the system malfunction, it is necessary to analyze the server's operation history). At this level, 履歴 is a tool for professional communication.
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At the C1 level, you possess an advanced, nuanced understanding of 履歴 (rireki). You can effortlessly navigate highly technical, legal, and formal discussions where this word appears. You understand its implications in data privacy laws, auditing, and compliance. Terms like 監査履歴 (kansa rireki - audit trail), 信用情報履歴 (shinyou jouhou rireki - credit information history), and 既往歴 (kioureki - past medical history, a related specialized term) are part of your passive, if not active, vocabulary. You can debate the ethics of companies tracking 購買履歴 (koubai rireki - purchasing history) to manipulate consumer behavior. You are also adept at using idiomatic or highly formal expressions involving records. You understand that 履歴 represents an immutable trail of actions, and you can use it metaphorically in literature or formal speeches to refer to the inescapable nature of one's past actions recorded in society. Your Japanese sounds native-like when you effortlessly switch between 履歴 for data logs, 経歴 for professional narratives, and 歴史 for grand timelines, never confusing their distinct semantic boundaries.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of 履歴 (rireki) is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You can engage in academic, legal, and highly specialized IT discourse involving the tracking, preservation, and legal ramifications of digital and physical records. You understand the deep etymological roots of the kanji 履 (to step/perform) and 歴 (passage of time), appreciating how they combine to mean the 'footprints left over time.' You can draft legal documents or technical specifications detailing how 履歴データ (historical data) must be archived or purged according to compliance standards. You can read and comprehend complex literature where 履歴 might be used in a slightly abstract sense to denote the provenance of an antique or the chain of custody in a legal case. You are perfectly comfortable with the most obscure compound words and can invent grammatically and semantically correct compounds on the fly if a new technology emerges that requires tracking. Your use of the word is flawless, contextually perfect, and delivered with the appropriate register for any given situation.
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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

履歴 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Refers to a log or record of past events.
  • Commonly used for digital history (browsers, apps).
  • Essential for job hunting in the word 履歴書 (resume).
  • Different from 歴史 (world history) and 経歴 (career).

The Japanese word 履歴 (rireki) is a highly versatile and essential noun that fundamentally refers to a record of past events, experiences, or accomplishments. To truly grasp its meaning, we must break down its constituent kanji. The first character, 履, means 'footwear' or 'to step on/walk a path,' and is also used in words like 履修 (taking a class) or 履く (to wear shoes). The second character, 歴, means 'passage of time,' 'curriculum,' or 'continuation,' as seen in 歴史 (history) or 経歴 (career). Together, 履歴 literally translates to 'the path one has walked over time.' This concept applies broadly across both personal and mechanical contexts. In personal contexts, it most commonly refers to one's academic and occupational background, famously encapsulated in the word 履歴書 (rirekisho), which means 'resume' or 'curriculum vitae.' In mechanical or digital contexts, it refers to a log or history of actions taken by a user or system. For instance, your web browser's history is your 閲覧履歴 (etsuran rireki), and your phone's call log is your 着信履歴 (chakushin rireki). Understanding this dual nature—personal background and digital/mechanical log—is crucial for mastering the word.

Personal History
Refers to a person's educational and professional background, typically documented when applying for jobs or formal positions.
Digital Log
Refers to the automated tracking of user actions, such as search history, browsing history, or purchase history on e-commerce sites.
System Record
Refers to update logs, change histories in documents, or server access logs in IT environments.

彼の履歴を調べたところ、素晴らしい実績があった。

Upon checking his background, he had a wonderful track record.

ブラウザの履歴をすべて削除しました。

I deleted all the browser history.

着信履歴に知らない番号が残っていた。

There was an unknown number left in the call history.

このファイルの変更履歴を確認してください。

Please check the change history of this file.

ネットショッピングの購入履歴を見る。

I look at the purchase history of online shopping.

Using 履歴 correctly involves understanding its role as a noun that frequently combines with other nouns to form compound words. It is rarely used as a standalone verb, though you might see it combined with verbs like 残る (to remain), 残す (to leave), 消す (to erase), or 確認する (to check). For example, 履歴が残る means 'a record remains,' which is often used as a warning that digital actions are being tracked. When you want to say 'to check the history,' you would say 履歴を確認する. In the context of job hunting, the most critical compound is 履歴書 (rirekisho - resume). You will often hear phrases like 履歴書を送る (to send a resume) or 履歴書を書く (to write a resume). In the digital realm, 履歴 is heavily utilized as a suffix or prefix. Common examples include 検索履歴 (kensaku rireki - search history), 閲覧履歴 (etsuran rireki - browsing history), 購入履歴 (kounyuu rireki - purchase history), and 通話履歴 (tsuuwa rireki - call history). It is important to note that 履歴 focuses on the *record* of the events, not the events themselves. Therefore, you wouldn't say 'I had a good rireki yesterday' to mean you had a good time; you would use it to say 'My browser rireki from yesterday is saved.'

With Verbs of Deletion
履歴を消す (to erase history), 履歴を削除する (to delete history), 履歴をクリアする (to clear history).
With Verbs of Checking
履歴を見る (to look at history), 履歴を確認する (to check history), 履歴を調べる (to investigate history).
With Verbs of Creation/Retention
履歴が残る (history remains), 履歴を残す (to leave a history), 履歴をつくる (to create a record).

検索履歴に基づいておすすめの商品が表示されます。

Recommended products are displayed based on your search history.

面接の前に、必ず履歴書を提出してください。

Please be sure to submit your resume before the interview.

誰かが私のパソコンを使った履歴がある。

There is a record of someone using my computer.

アプリのアップデート履歴を読むのが好きです。

I like reading the update history of apps.

過去の取引履歴をシステムから抽出する。

Extract past transaction history from the system.

You will encounter the word 履歴 in several distinct environments in Japan, making it a highly practical word for daily life. The most prominent environment is the workplace and job-hunting scene (就職活動 - shuushokukatsudou). Here, 履歴書 (resume) is a word you will hear constantly. Convenience stores sell blank 履歴書 forms, and universities hold seminars on how to write them perfectly. Another major area where 履歴 is ubiquitous is in technology and digital interfaces. Every web browser, smartphone, and application uses the word 履歴 to denote logs. If you use a Japanese smartphone, your phone app will have a tab labeled 履歴 for your call log. If you shop on Amazon Japan or Rakuten, you will navigate to 注文履歴 (chuumon rireki) to see your past orders. You will also hear it in administrative and legal contexts. For example, when renting an apartment or applying for a loan, institutions might check your 信用履歴 (shinyou rireki - credit history). In gaming, you might check your 対戦履歴 (taisen rireki - match history) to see your win/loss record. Because it applies to any chronological record of events, its usage spans from casual daily technology use to the most formal corporate and legal procedures.

Job Hunting (就活)
Writing, submitting, and discussing resumes (履歴書) and personal backgrounds.
Smartphones & IT
Navigating settings, clearing browser caches, checking call logs, and viewing app usage data.
E-commerce & Retail
Reviewing past purchases, tracking orders, and managing customer accounts.

コンビニで履歴書とペンを買ってきました。

I bought a resume and a pen at the convenience store.

Amazonの注文履歴から領収書を印刷する。

Print a receipt from the Amazon order history.

LINEのトーク履歴をバックアップしましたか？

Did you back up your LINE chat history?

ゲームの対戦履歴を見ると、最近負けてばかりだ。

Looking at my game match history, I've only been losing lately.

図書館で本の貸出履歴を確認する。

Check the book lending history at the library.

A very common mistake among Japanese learners is confusing 履歴 with other words that translate to 'history' in English, specifically 歴史 (rekishi) and 経歴 (keireki). English uses the single word 'history' for the history of the world, the history of a patient, and the history of a web browser. Japanese uses different words for these. 歴史 (rekishi) is used for the academic subject of history, the history of a nation, or the long-standing tradition of something. You cannot say 'ブラウザの歴史' (the browser's history) unless you are writing a documentary about how web browsers evolved over decades. For the list of websites you visited yesterday, you must use 閲覧履歴. Another point of confusion is 経歴 (keireki). While 履歴書 is the physical resume document, 経歴 refers to the actual career path or professional background of a person. You would say '彼の経歴は素晴らしい' (His career background is wonderful), not '彼の履歴は素晴らしい' (which sounds like his browser history or system log is wonderful, though it can sometimes be understood in context). Furthermore, learners sometimes try to use 履歴 as a verb by adding する (履歴する), which is incorrect. You must use it with an accompanying verb like 履歴を残す (to leave a record) or 履歴を取る (to keep a record).

Mistake: Using 履歴 for World History
Incorrect: 日本の履歴を勉強する。 Correct: 日本の歴史を勉強する。 (Study Japanese history).
Mistake: Using 履歴 for Career Background
Incorrect: 私の履歴はエンジニアです。 Correct: 私の経歴はエンジニアです。 (My background is as an engineer).
Mistake: Making it a Verb
Incorrect: データを履歴する。 Correct: データの履歴を残す。 (Keep a history of the data).

❌ パソコンの歴史を消した。
⭕ パソコンの履歴を消した。

I deleted the computer's history.

❌ 彼女の履歴はとても長い。
⭕ 彼女の経歴はとても長い。

Her career history is very long.

❌ 私は日本の履歴に興味がある。
⭕ 私は日本の歴史に興味がある。

I am interested in Japanese history.

❌ 電話を履歴した。
⭕ 電話の履歴を残した。

I kept a record of the phone call.

❌ この会社の履歴は100年です。
⭕ この会社の歴史は100年です。

This company has a history of 100 years.

Several words in Japanese share overlapping meanings with 履歴, and understanding their nuances will greatly enrich your vocabulary. The closest synonym in a professional context is 経歴 (keireki), which translates to 'career,' 'background,' or 'personal history.' While 履歴 is the objective record (like the piece of paper), 経歴 is the actual lived experience and professional journey. Another related word is 過去 (kako), which simply means 'the past.' You might say 過去のデータ (past data), which is similar to 履歴データ (historical data), but 過去 is broader and more abstract. In the IT world, the English loanword ログ (rogu - log) is frequently used as a direct synonym for digital 履歴. You will hear engineers say ログを確認する (check the logs) just as often as 履歴を確認する. For personal upbringing, the word 生い立ち (oitachi) is used to describe one's childhood and background, focusing on personal development rather than a bulleted list of achievements. Finally, 前歴 (zenreki) refers specifically to one's previous record, often used in a negative context, such as a criminal record (前科 - zenka) or previous infractions. Knowing when to use 履歴 versus these alternatives demonstrates a high level of Japanese proficiency.

経歴 (Keireki)
Career or professional background. Focuses on the experience itself rather than the log of it.
ログ (Rogu)
IT log. A direct English loanword used interchangeably with digital 履歴 in technical contexts.
過去 (Kako)
The past. A general term for time that has gone by, not specifically a recorded list.

彼の経歴は非常にユニークだ。

His career background is very unique.

サーバーのログを解析してエラーの原因を探る。

Analyze the server logs to find the cause of the error.

過去の失敗から学ぶことが大切です。

It is important to learn from past failures.

彼女の生い立ちを映画化する。

Make a movie about her upbringing.

警察は容疑者の前歴を調べた。

The police investigated the suspect's previous record.

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

Noun + の + Noun (e.g., ブラウザの履歴)

Verb (Dictionary Form) + 履歴 (e.g., 閲覧する履歴 - though compound nouns are more common)

Passive Voice (e.g., 履歴が削除される - history is deleted)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

スマホの履歴を見ます。

I look at my smartphone's history.

履歴 (noun) + を (object particle) + 見ます (verb).

2

履歴を消します。

I delete the history.

消します is the polite form of 消す (to erase).

3

これは私の履歴書です。

This is my resume.

履歴書 (rirekisho) means resume.

4

電話の履歴があります。

There is a phone history.

あります indicates existence for inanimate objects.

5

履歴がありません。

There is no history.

ありません is the negative form of あります.

6

パソコンの履歴です。

It is the computer's history.

Noun + の + Noun to show possession/association.

7

履歴書を買います。

I buy a resume (form).

買います is the polite form of 買う (to buy).

8

履歴を残します。

I leave a history/record.

残します is the polite form of 残す (to leave behind).

1

ブラウザの履歴を全部消しました。

I deleted all the browser history.

全部 (zenbu) means 'all' or 'entirely'.

2

履歴書に写真を貼ります。

I attach a photo to the resume.

に indicates the target location for the action 貼る (to paste).

3

着信履歴に知らない番号がありました。

There was an unknown number in the incoming call history.

知らない番号 (shiranai bangou) means unknown number.

4

Amazonの注文履歴を確認してください。

Please check your Amazon order history.

〜てください is a polite request.

5

履歴書をボールペンで書きます。

I write the resume with a ballpoint pen.

で indicates the tool or means used.

6

チャットの履歴が消えてしまいました。

The chat history has disappeared.

〜てしまう indicates regret or an unintended action.

7

面接に履歴書を持って行きます。

I will take my resume to the interview.

持って行く (motte iku) means 'to take (something) to a place'.

8

古い履歴は自動的に削除されます。

Old history is automatically deleted.

削除されます is the passive form of 削除する (to delete).

1

検索履歴に基づいて、おすすめの動画が表示されます。

Recommended videos are displayed based on your search history.

〜に基づいて (ni motozuite) means 'based on'.

2

アルバイトに応募するため、履歴書を作成した。

I created a resume to apply for a part-time job.

〜ため (tame) indicates purpose.

3

ファイルの変更履歴をたどれば、誰がミスをしたか分かる。

If you trace the file's change history, you can tell who made the mistake.

〜ば is a conditional form meaning 'if'.

4

個人情報保護のため、閲覧履歴は定期的にクリアすべきだ。

For the protection of personal information, browsing history should be cleared regularly.

〜べきだ (beki da) means 'should' or 'ought to'.

5

彼の履歴書には、素晴らしい経歴が書かれていた。

A wonderful career background was written on his resume.

書かれていた is the passive past form of 書く.

6

アプリを再インストールしても、購入履歴は復元できます。

Even if you reinstall the app, your purchase history can be restored.

〜ても (temo) means 'even if'.

7

顧客との過去の対応履歴をデータベースで検索する。

Search the database for the history of past interactions with the customer.

対応履歴 (taiou rireki) means interaction/support history.

8

GPSの位置情報履歴から、彼がどこにいたかが判明した。

From the GPS location history, it became clear where he was.

〜から (kara) indicates the source of the information.

1

システム障害の原因を特定するため、サーバーのアクセス履歴を詳細に解析した。

In order to identify the cause of the system failure, we analyzed the server access history in detail.

詳細に (shousai ni) means 'in detail'.

2

転職活動では、履歴書だけでなく職務経歴書も提出することが求められる。

In job hunting, you are required to submit not only a resume but also a detailed work history document.

〜だけでなく〜も (dake de naku ~ mo) means 'not only... but also'.

3

このソフトウェアは、ユーザーの操作履歴を匿名化して収集しています。

This software collects users' operation history anonymously.

匿名化して (tokumeika shite) means 'anonymizing and...'.

4

契約を解除すると、これまでの視聴履歴や設定はすべて無効になります。

If you cancel the contract, all your viewing history and settings up to now will become invalid.

〜と indicates a natural consequence ('if/when... then').

5

ブラウザのキャッシュとCookie、および閲覧履歴を消去することで問題が解決する場合があります。

Clearing the browser cache, cookies, and browsing history may resolve the issue.

〜することで (suru koto de) means 'by doing...'.

6

過去の取引履歴を参照し、顧客の購買傾向を分析するプロジェクトを立ち上げた。

We launched a project to analyze customer purchasing trends by referring to past transaction histories.

参照し (sanshou shi) is the formal stem form of 参照する (to refer to).

7

電子カルテの導入により、患者の受診履歴を複数の病院で共有できるようになった。

With the introduction of electronic medical records, it has become possible to share patients' consultation histories across multiple hospitals.

〜により (ni yori) means 'due to' or 'by means of'.

8

バージョン管理システムを使えば、ソースコードの変更履歴を簡単に管理できる。

If you use a version control system, you can easily manage the change history of the source code.

使えば (tsukaeba) is the conditional form of 使う.

1

監査法人は、企業の財務状況を把握するため、過去5年間の取引履歴を徹底的に精査した。

The auditing firm thoroughly scrutinized the transaction history of the past five years to grasp the company's financial situation.

徹底的に (tetteiteki ni) means 'thoroughly'.

2

ブロックチェーン技術の最大の利点は、改ざん不可能な取引履歴を分散型ネットワーク上で保持できる点にある。

The greatest advantage of blockchain technology lies in its ability to maintain an unalterable transaction history on a decentralized network.

改ざん不可能 (kaizan fukanou) means 'unalterable' or 'tamper-proof'.

3

個人情報保護法の改正に伴い、企業はユーザーの行動履歴の取り扱いについて、より厳格な同意を取得することが義務付けられた。

With the revision of the Personal Information Protection Law, companies are now obligated to obtain stricter consent regarding the handling of users' behavioral histories.

〜に伴い (ni tomonai) means 'along with' or 'in accordance with'.

4

彼の輝かしい履歴の裏には、数え切れないほどの挫折と苦悩が隠されていることを忘れてはならない。

We must not forget that behind his brilliant track record lie hidden countless setbacks and agonies.

〜裏には (ura ni wa) means 'behind...' or 'on the reverse side of...'.

5

AIの学習データとして利用される検索履歴には、人間の無意識の偏見が反映されている危険性が指摘されている。

It has been pointed out that there is a danger that search histories used as AI training data reflect human unconscious biases.

指摘されている (shiteki sarete iru) means 'it is being pointed out'.

6

そのアンティーク時計の価値は、単なる古さだけでなく、誰が所有してきたかという履歴（プロビナンス）によって大きく左右される。

The value of that antique watch is greatly influenced not just by its age, but by its history (provenance) of who has owned it.

〜によって大きく左右される means 'is greatly influenced by...'.

7

サイバー攻撃を受けた際、侵入経路を特定するためには、ネットワーク機器のログ履歴の保全が最優先課題となる。

When a cyberattack occurs, preserving the log history of network devices becomes the top priority in order to identify the intrusion route.

最優先課題 (saiyuusen kadai) means 'top priority issue'.

8

採用面接において、履歴書の空白期間について合理的な説明ができるかどうかが、評価の分かれ目となることが多い。

In job interviews, whether or not one can provide a rational explanation for blank periods in their resume is often the dividing line in evaluation.

〜かどうかが (ka dou ka ga) means 'whether or not...'.

1

デジタルフォレンジック調査において、削除されたと思われていたファイルの復元履歴が、事件解決の決定的な証拠となった。

In the digital forensic investigation, the restoration history of files thought to be deleted became the decisive evidence for solving the case.

決定的な証拠 (ketteiteki na shouko) means 'decisive evidence'.

2

国家の公文書管理のあり方が問われる中、政策決定過程の履歴をいかに透明性をもって後世に残すかが喫緊の課題である。

As the state's management of official documents is called into question, how to leave the history of the policy-making process to future generations with transparency is an urgent issue.

喫緊の課題 (kikkin no kadai) means 'urgent/pressing issue'.

3

その企業の信用情報履歴には微細な瑕疵も見当たらず、それが巨額の融資を引き出す最大の要因として作用した。

Not a single minor flaw could be found in the company's credit information history, which acted as the biggest factor in securing the massive loan.

微細な瑕疵 (bisai na kashi) means 'minor flaw/defect'.

4

アルゴリズムが個人の購買履歴や閲覧履歴を過度にプロファイリングすることは、フィルターバブルを生み出し、社会の分断を助長する。

Algorithms excessively profiling individuals' purchasing and browsing histories creates filter bubbles and promotes social division.

助長する (jochou suru) means 'to promote/encourage (often something negative)'.

5

医療過誤の訴訟では、電子カルテのアクセス履歴および改変履歴の有無が、過失の認定において極めて重要な争点となる。

In medical malpractice lawsuits, the presence or absence of access and alteration histories in electronic medical records becomes an extremely important point of contention in determining negligence.

極めて重要な争点 (kiwamete juuyou na souten) means 'extremely important point of contention'.

6

自己のインターネット上の履歴を完全に抹消する「忘れられる権利」の行使は、表現の自由や知る権利との間で複雑な法的ジレンマを引き起こしている。

The exercise of the 'right to be forgotten'—to completely erase one's internet history—causes a complex legal dilemma with freedom of expression and the right to know.

法的ジレンマ (houteki jirenma) means 'legal dilemma'.

7

歴史的建造物の修復においては、過去の修繕履歴を綿密に調査し、創建当時の素材と工法を忠実に再現することが求められる。

In the restoration of historical buildings, it is required to meticulously investigate past repair histories and faithfully reproduce the materials and construction methods of the time of its founding.

綿密に (menmitsu ni) means 'meticulously' or 'closely'.

8

企業のコンプライアンス体制を評価する際、単なる規程の有無ではなく、実際の運用履歴に基づく実効性の検証が不可欠である。

When evaluating a company's compliance system, it is essential to verify its effectiveness based on actual operational history, rather than merely the presence or absence of regulations.

実効性の検証 (jikkousei no kenshou) means 'verification of effectiveness'.

مترادف‌ها

経歴 来歴 足跡 キャリア 記録

متضادها

未来 白紙

ترکیب‌های رایج

履歴を消す (delete history)
履歴が残る (history remains)
履歴を確認する (check history)
履歴書を書く (write a resume)
閲覧履歴 (browsing history)
検索履歴 (search history)
着信履歴 (incoming call history)
購入履歴 (purchase history)
変更履歴 (change history)
履歴をたどる (trace the history)

عبارات رایج

履歴書を送る (Send a resume)
履歴から削除する (Remove from history)
履歴に残る (Remain in the history)
履歴をクリアする (Clear the history)
履歴を参照する (Refer to the history)
履歴を調べる (Investigate the history)
履歴を管理する (Manage the history)
履歴を保存する (Save the history)
履歴を復元する (Restore the history)
履歴を更新する (Update the history)

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

履歴 vs 歴史 (rekishi - world/academic history)

履歴 vs 経歴 (keireki - personal career/background)

履歴 vs 過去 (kako - the past)

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"履歴に傷がつく (To have a blemish on one's record)"
"履歴を洗う (To thoroughly investigate someone's background)"
"履歴を飾る (To embellish one's resume)"
"履歴を汚す (To sully one's record)"
"履歴を重ねる (To build up a track record)"
"履歴を偽る (To falsify one's history)"
"履歴がものを言う (One's track record speaks for itself)"
"履歴を問わない (No experience/background required)"
"履歴を白紙に戻す (To wipe the slate clean)"
"履歴に泥を塗る (To drag one's record through the mud)"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

履歴 vs

履歴 vs

履歴 vs

履歴 vs

履歴 vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

note

While 履歴 means history, it is strictly quantitative or chronological data. For qualitative history (the story of a nation, the evolution of art), always use 歴史 (rekishi).

اشتباهات رایج
  • Saying 日本の履歴 (Japan's history) instead of 日本の歴史.
  • Using 履歴 as a verb: 履歴する (to history) instead of 履歴を残す.
  • Confusing 履歴書 (the resume document) with 経歴 (the actual career experience).
  • Using 履歴 to mean 'the past' in a general sense (e.g., 履歴のトラウマ instead of 過去のトラウマ).
  • Mispronouncing the pitch accent by stressing the first syllable (RI-re-ki).

نکات

Noun Combinations

履歴 loves to attach to other nouns. Learn it as a suffix: [Noun] + 履歴. Example: 検索 (search) + 履歴 = 検索履歴.

IT Vocabulary

If you work in IT in Japan, 履歴 is essential. You will use it for logs, version control (変更履歴), and user tracking.

Resume Photos

When submitting a 履歴書, the photo (証明写真) must be formal, usually taken in a suit against a blue or white background.

Not for Time Travel

Don't use 履歴 when talking about 'going back in history'. Use 過去 (the past) or 歴史 (history) for that.

Flat Pitch

Pronounce ri-re-ki with a flat pitch (Heiban). Don't emphasize the 'ri'.

Kanji Practice

The kanji 履 is difficult. Break it down: 尸 (corpse/flag) + 彳 (step) + 復's right side. Practice writing it 10 times.

Smartphone Settings

Change your smartphone language to Japanese for a day. You will see 履歴 everywhere in your browser and phone apps.

Objective vs Subjective

履歴 is purely objective data. It doesn't contain emotions or stories. It's just a list.

Blank Spaces

In a Japanese 履歴書, leaving blank spaces is considered bad form. Try to fill every section, even if briefly.

Log vs Rireki

In casual tech talk, 'ログ' and '履歴' are the same. But in user interfaces, '履歴' is the standard Japanese term.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine RE-REading the KEY (ri-re-ki) events of your life on a resume, or re-reading the key websites you visited in your browser history.

ریشه کلمه

Sino-Japanese (On'yomi)

بافت فرهنگی

In business, keeping a strict 履歴 (log) of all emails and phone calls is considered essential for accountability.

Japanese privacy laws are strict regarding how companies handle users' 閲覧履歴 (browsing history) and 購買履歴 (purchase history).

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"履歴書を手書きで書くのは大変だと思いませんか？ (Don't you think writing a resume by hand is tough?)"

"YouTubeの視聴履歴を見ると、自分の趣味がよくわかりますね。 (Looking at your YouTube viewing history, you can really understand your own hobbies.)"

"スマホの着信履歴に知らない番号があったら、かけ直しますか？ (If there's an unknown number in your phone's call history, do you call back?)"

"ブラウザの履歴は定期的に消去していますか？ (Do you regularly clear your browser history?)"

"Amazonの購入履歴を見て、無駄遣いを反省しました。 (I looked at my Amazon purchase history and regretted wasting money.)"

موضوعات نگارش

Write about the process of creating your first 履歴書 (resume).

Look at your browser's 閲覧履歴 (browsing history) for today and describe what you did.

Discuss whether you think companies should be allowed to use your 検索履歴 (search history) for targeted advertising.

Describe a time you accidentally deleted an important 履歴 (chat log, call log, etc.).

If your life was a 履歴 (log), what would be the most important entries?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No. For the history of a country, world history, or the history of a subject, you must use 歴史 (rekishi). 履歴 is only for logs, records, and personal backgrounds.

履歴 refers to the objective record or log (like a resume document or a computer log). 経歴 refers to the actual lived experience, career, or professional background of a person.

The word for resume is 履歴書 (rirekisho). It literally translates to 'history document'.

閲覧履歴 (etsuran rireki) means 'browsing history'. It is the list of websites you have visited on your web browser.

No, 履歴 is a noun. To express an action, you must combine it with a verb, such as 履歴を残す (to leave a history) or 履歴を消す (to delete a history).

While a 履歴書 is a standard resume with basic dates and schools, a 職務経歴書 (shokumu keirekisho) is a more detailed curriculum vitae (CV) that explains your specific job duties and achievements in past roles.

Call history is usually divided into 着信履歴 (chakushin rireki - incoming calls) and 発信履歴 (hasshin rireki - outgoing calls). The general term is 通話履歴 (tsuuwa rireki).

Yes, but the more professional medical term for 'past medical history' is 既往歴 (kioureki). However, patients might casually say 病院の履歴.

The kanji 履 means 'footwear' or 'to step/walk'. Combined with 歴 (passage of time), it metaphorically means 'the path you have walked over time'.

Traditionally, yes. Many conservative companies still prefer handwritten resumes as they believe handwriting shows personality and sincerity. However, IT companies and modern startups widely accept digital resumes.

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