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B1 noun #500 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

〜ていく

رتبه 500

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 〜ていく در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 〜ていく in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn how to combine verbs. You might know 'iku' means 'to go.' In this simple stage, 〜ていく is usually taught as a sequence of two actions: 'do something and then go.' For example, 'katte iku' means 'buy and go.' You use it when you stop at a store on your way to a friend's house. You don't need to worry about the complex 'future change' meanings yet. Just remember: Verb (Te-form) + iku = 'Do [Verb] and then go away.' It is a very useful way to describe your daily routine or simple movements. For instance, 'Aruite ikimasu' means 'I will go by walking.' Focus on the physical movement of going from point A to point B after doing something else. This helps you build longer sentences and describe more complex actions than just 'I go' or 'I eat.'

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At the A2 level, you begin to see 〜ていく used for more than just a sequence of events. You start using it to describe physical things moving away from you. If you see a car driving away, you can say 'kuruma ga hashitte iku.' You also start to use it with 'motsu' (to hold) to say 'motte iku' (to take something with you). This is a key distinction from 'motte kuru' (to bring something). At this level, you should also recognize it in simple descriptions of change, like 'atsuku natte iku' (it's getting hotter). You are moving from literal 'going' to a more abstract sense of 'progression.' It's important to practice the difference between 'te-iku' and 'te-kuru' in basic spatial contexts, as this forms the foundation for more advanced Japanese grammar later on.

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At the B1 level, 〜ていく becomes a vital tool for expressing temporal continuation and gradual change. This is the level where you move beyond physical movement and start using it to talk about the future. You use it to describe trends, like 'the number of students is decreasing' (gakusei ga hette iku), or your own personal goals, like 'I will keep studying' (benkyou shite iku). You understand that 'te-iku' frames the present as a starting point for a journey into the future. You also learn to use it with a wider variety of verbs, including abstract ones like 'kawaru' (change) or 'shinu' (die/fade away). This level requires you to distinguish between 'doing something continuously' (tsuzukeru) and 'doing something that progresses into the future' (te-iku). It adds a layer of 'flow' to your Japanese that makes you sound much more natural and fluent.

At the B2 level, you master the subtle nuances of 〜ていく in professional and academic contexts. You use it to describe complex societal shifts, scientific processes, and historical developments. You are comfortable using it in the passive voice or with causative forms, such as 'kaete iku' (to go on changing something). You also recognize the psychological distance it can create; by using 'te-iku,' a speaker can imply that they are observing a process from the outside as it moves away from them. You can accurately choose between 'te-iku' and 'te-kuru' even in highly abstract situations, such as 'traditions being passed down' (tsutaete kuru) versus 'traditions being carried into the future' (tsutaete iku). Your use of this grammar point reflects a deep understanding of the Japanese 'viewpoint' system, where the speaker's position in time and space dictates the choice of auxiliary verbs.

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At the C1 level, you use 〜ていく with stylistic precision. You understand its role in literature to create atmosphere and pace. You might use the more formal or poetic 'yuku' variant in appropriate settings. You are aware of how 'te-iku' can function as a 'fading out' device in narrative, signaling the end of a scene or the departure of a concept from the story's focus. You can also use it to describe extremely slow or subtle changes that are almost imperceptible, where the 'iku' adds a sense of inevitable, unstoppable progression. Your mastery allows you to use 'te-iku' to convey complex emotional states, such as a sense of loss as something 'disappears away' (kiete iku). You can engage in deep discussions about linguistics or philosophy using this grammar to describe the 'vector of existence' and the flow of time.

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At the C2 level, your understanding of 〜ていく is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You recognize its historical roots and how it has evolved from a literal verb of motion into a multifaceted aspectual marker. You can analyze its use in classical texts and understand how the spatial-temporal metaphors in Japanese differ from those in other languages. You use 'te-iku' effortlessly in high-level rhetoric, legal documents, or complex technical specifications to denote future-facing processes and obligations. You are sensitive to the rhythmic and prosodic qualities of the phrase, using it to balance sentences and create a specific 'feel' in your writing. For you, 'te-iku' is not just a grammar rule, but a fundamental way of conceptualizing reality and the progression of the universe.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

〜ていく در ۳۰ ثانیه

Indicates movement or change moving away from the speaker's current position or time.
Used for actions that start now and continue into the future (temporal continuation).
Essential for describing gradual changes like getting hotter, colder, or population shifts.
Contrasts directly with 'te-kuru,' which shows movement or change toward the speaker.

The Japanese auxiliary verb structure 〜ていく (te-iku) is a cornerstone of Japanese grammar, serving as a directional and aspectual marker that indicates movement or change away from a specific point of reference, usually the speaker's current location or the present moment. While the literal translation of the verb 'iku' is 'to go,' when attached to the te-form of another verb, it transforms into a sophisticated tool for describing how actions and states evolve over time or space. In its most basic spatial sense, it describes an action performed while moving away from the speaker. For example, if you see someone running away from you, you would use 'hashitte iku.' However, for B1 level learners, the temporal and state-change meanings are far more frequent and nuanced. Temporally, it signifies that an action or state will continue from the present into the future, or that a change is gradually occurring. This is often contrasted with '〜てくる' (te-kuru), which indicates change coming toward the present or the speaker. People use 〜ていく when discussing long-term trends, personal growth, or the natural progression of events. It carries an inherent sense of 'onward' or 'forward.'

Spatial Direction: Movement of an object or person away from the speaker's current location (e.g., a bird flying away).

Temporal Continuation: An action that starts now and continues into the future (e.g., 'I will keep living here').

State Change: A gradual transformation where the subject moves further away from its original state (e.g., 'It is getting colder').

これから寒くなっていくでしょう。 (It will probably get colder from now on.)

彼は駅の方へ歩いていった。 (He walked off toward the station.)

日本の人口は減っていくと言われている。 (It is said that Japan's population will continue to decrease.)

この伝統を守っていきたい。 (I want to keep protecting this tradition.)

飛行機が小さくなっていった。 (The airplane became smaller and smaller [as it flew away].)

Understanding 〜ていく requires a shift in perspective from static actions to dynamic flows. It is the grammar of progress, departure, and the unfolding future.

To construct a sentence using 〜ていく, you must first conjugate the primary verb into its 'te-form' and then append the auxiliary verb 'iku.' The auxiliary 'iku' then functions as the main verb for further conjugations, meaning it can become 'ikimasu' (polite), 'itta' (past), 'ikanai' (negative), or 'ikitai' (desire). The choice of conjugation for 'iku' determines the tense and politeness of the entire phrase. When used with intransitive verbs of change like 'naru' (to become) or 'fueru' (to increase), it emphasizes the process of that change moving forward from the present. When used with transitive verbs like 'motsu' (to hold/carry), it often implies taking something with you as you go ('motte iku').

Formation Rule: [Verb Te-form] + いく (e.g., Tabete + iku = Tabete-iku)

Future Change: Used to describe a change that will happen gradually. Example: 'Kore kara dandan atsuku natte iku' (It will get hotter and hotter from now on).

Sequence of Action: Doing something and then leaving. Example: 'Bentou o katte iku' (I will buy a lunch box and then go [to work/school]).

子供たちはどんどん成長していく。 (Children continue to grow up rapidly.)

この町も変わっていくだろう。 (This town will likely change over time, too.)

荷物を運んでいきました。 (I carried the luggage away.)

これからも日本語を勉強していくつもりです。 (I intend to keep studying Japanese from now on.)

技術は進歩していくものです。 (Technology is something that continues to progress.)

The versatility of 〜ていく allows it to be used with almost any verb that describes an action or a state capable of progression. It is particularly common with verbs like 'naru' (become), 'fueru' (increase), 'heru' (decrease), 'kawaru' (change), and 'tsuzukeru' (continue).

You will encounter 〜ていく in a wide variety of contexts, ranging from scientific reports to emotional anime monologues. In news broadcasts, it is the standard way to describe economic trends, climate change, or social shifts. For instance, a news anchor might say, 'Bukka ga agatte iku mikomi desu' (Prices are expected to continue rising). In weather forecasts, it is used to describe how conditions will evolve throughout the day: 'Gogo kara harete iku deshou' (It will likely clear up starting from the afternoon). In the realm of literature and storytelling, 〜ていく is used to create a sense of time passing or a character moving away from their origins. It adds a cinematic quality to the narrative, allowing the reader to visualize the movement. In daily life, you'll hear it when people talk about their plans: 'Kaimono o shite iku' (I'll do some shopping [on my way] there). It's also common in motivational contexts, where someone expresses their resolve to keep working hard: 'Ganbatte ikimasu!' (I will keep doing my best!).

News & Media: Used for reporting trends, statistics, and future projections. It sounds objective and analytical.

Daily Errands: Used to describe a sequence of actions where the speaker does something before arriving at a destination.

Personal Resolve: Expressing a commitment to continue a behavior or state into the future.

これから世界はどうなっていくのでしょうか。 (I wonder how the world will change from now on.)

友達を誘っていきましょう。 (Let's invite a friend and go [together].)

だんだん日が短くなっていきます。 (The days will gradually get shorter.)

新しい生活に慣れていった。 (I gradually got used to my new life.)

思い出が消えていく。 (Memories are fading away.)

Whether you are reading a manga or listening to a podcast, 〜ていく is the primary way Japanese speakers frame the concept of 'onward' movement in all its forms.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 〜ていく with its counterpart 〜てくる. The distinction is entirely based on the direction of the action relative to the speaker. If something is moving toward you or a change has been happening up until now, use 'te-kuru.' If something is moving away or will happen from now on, use 'te-iku.' For example, saying 'Ame ga futte itta' when you mean 'It started raining [and is still raining here]' is incorrect; you should use 'Ame ga futte kita.' Another common error is using 'te-iku' for simple actions that don't involve movement or continuation. For instance, 'Tabete iku' doesn't just mean 'to eat'; it means 'to eat and then leave' or 'to continue eating into the future.' Learners also sometimes forget to use the te-form, trying to attach 'iku' directly to the verb stem, which is grammatically impossible. Additionally, there is a nuance in state changes: 'samuku naru' simply means 'it will become cold,' whereas 'samuku natte iku' emphasizes the *process* of it getting colder and colder.

Directional Confusion: Using 'te-iku' for things coming toward the speaker. Correct: 'Kocchi ni hashitte kuru' (Running toward me). Incorrect: 'Kocchi ni hashitte iku'.

Temporal Confusion: Using 'te-iku' for past actions that led to the present. Correct: 'Zutto ganbatte kita' (I've been working hard until now). Incorrect: 'Zutto ganbatte itta' (unless referring to a past point moving further into the past).

Over-literalness: Thinking 'te-iku' always means physical walking. It often just means 'onward' in time.

❌ 彼はここへ走っていった。
✅ 彼はここへ走ってきた。 (He came running here.)

❌ 勉強しいく。
✅ 勉強していく。 (I will study and then go / I will keep studying.)

❌ 10年前から日本語を勉強していった。
✅ 10年前から日本語を勉強してきた。 (I have been studying Japanese since 10 years ago.)

❌ お金を忘れいった。
✅ お金を忘れていった。 (I left [the house] forgetting my money.)

❌ だんだん分かってきた (when talking about future understanding).
✅ だんだん分かっていくはずだ。 (You should gradually come to understand it [from now on].)

Avoiding these mistakes requires constant attention to the 'speaker's perspective' and the 'timeline' of the action. Practice by visualizing the direction of the verb's energy.

While 〜ていく is unique in its directional focus, several other grammar points share overlapping meanings depending on the context. The most obvious is 〜つづける (tsuzukeru), which means 'to continue doing.' The difference is that 'tsuzukeru' focuses purely on the duration and the lack of interruption, whereas 'te-iku' focuses on the direction and the future-facing aspect. For example, 'benkyou-shi-tsuzukeru' means you don't stop studying, while 'benkyou-shite-iku' implies you will carry your studies forward into your future life. Another alternative is 〜てくる (te-kuru), which is the direct opposite, used for actions moving toward the speaker or changes leading up to the present. For state changes, you can simply use 〜になる (ni naru), but this lacks the 'process' nuance of 'te-iku.' In formal writing, 〜ゆく (yuku) is sometimes used instead of 'iku' to provide a more poetic or classical tone, especially in songs and literature.

〜つづける (tsuzukeru): Focuses on the persistence of an action. 'Ame ga furi-tsuzukeru' (It keeps raining without stopping).

〜てくる (te-kuru): The opposite direction. 'Futte kita' (It started raining [here]). 'Futte itta' (The rain moved away from here).

〜になる (ni naru): Simple change of state. 'Atsuku naru' (It will become hot). 'Atsuku natte iku' (It will gradually get hotter and hotter).

彼は走りつづけた。 (He kept on running [no stop].)
彼は走っていった。 (He ran away [directional].)

春がやってくる。 (Spring is coming [toward us].)
冬が去っていく。 (Winter is going away.)

だんだん上手になっていく。 (You will gradually get better [process].)
上手になった。 (You got better [result].)

時は過ぎゆく。 (Time passes away [poetic].)

Choosing the right alternative depends on whether you want to emphasize the 'how long' (tsuzukeru), the 'which way' (te-iku/te-kuru), or the 'what happened' (ni naru).

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In ancient Japanese, 'yuku' and 'kuru' were already used to describe the flow of time, showing that the Japanese spatial-temporal metaphor is over a thousand years old.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /teɪ iːkuː/

US /teɪ iːkuː/

The stress is generally flat, but a slight emphasis can be placed on the first syllable of the main verb's te-form.

هم‌قافیه با

kiku (to hear) hiku (to pull) fuku (to blow) tsuku (to arrive) maku (to sow) saku (to bloom) oku (to put) yaku (to burn)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'iku' too strongly as a separate word.
Failing to devoice the final 'u' in 'ikimasu'.
Mispronouncing the 'te' as 'tay' with a heavy English diphthong.
Pausing too long between the te-form and 'iku'.
Incorrectly stressing the 'i' in 'iku'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Easy to recognize, but nuances in literature can be subtle.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires correct te-form conjugation and choosing between iku/kuru.

صحبت کردن 4/5

Natural use requires a shift in how you visualize time and direction.

گوش دادن 3/5

Commonly heard, though contractions can sometimes be tricky.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

行く (iku) 来る (kuru) 〜ている (te-iru) 〜て (te-form) なる (naru)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

〜てくる (te-kuru) 〜ておく (te-oku) 〜てしまう (te-shimau) 〜つづける (tsuzukeru) 〜はじめる (hajimeru)

پیشرفته

Aspectual verbs Deixis in Japanese Classical 'yuku' usage Transitive/Intransitive pairs with te-iku

گرامر لازم

Te-form conjugation

Taberu -> Tabete

Directional Auxiliaries

Te-iku vs Te-kuru

State Change with Naru

Samuku naru

Compound Verbs

Tsurete-iku

Volitional Form of Auxiliaries

Ganbatte-ikou

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

パンを買っていきます。

I will buy bread and then go.

Verb (te-form) + ikimasu (polite form of iku).

歩いていきましょう。

Let's go by walking.

Aruite (te-form of aruku) + ikimashou (let's go).

友達を連れていく。

I will take my friend with me.

Tsurete (te-form of tsureru) + iku (dictionary form).

傘を持っていく。

I will take an umbrella with me.

Motte (te-form of motsu) + iku.

走っていきました。

He went running away.

Hashitte (te-form of hashiru) + ikimashita (past polite).

食べていく？

Will you eat and then go?

Tabete (te-form of taberu) + iku (casual question).

バスに乗っていく。

I will go by getting on the bus.

Notte (te-form of noru) + iku.

お土産を買っていった。

I bought a souvenir and went.

Katte (te-form of kau) + itta (past casual).

鳥が飛んでいきました。

The bird flew away.

Tonde (te-form of tobu) + ikimashita (past polite).

だんだん暑くなっていく。

It will gradually get hotter.

Natte (te-form of naru) + iku (dictionary form).

子供はすぐ大きくなっていく。

Children grow up quickly.

Natte (te-form of naru) + iku.

彼は駅の方へ歩いていった。

He walked off toward the station.

Aruite (te-form of aruku) + itta (past casual).

この道を行けば、公園に着いていく。

If you go down this road, you will arrive at the park.

Tsuite (te-form of tsuku) + iku.

猫が走っていった。

The cat ran away.

Hashitte (te-form of hashiru) + itta.

荷物を送っていきます。

I will send the luggage (away).

Okutte (te-form of okuru) + ikimasu.

風船が飛んでいった。

The balloon flew away.

Tonde (te-form of tobu) + itta.

これからも日本語を勉強していく。

I will keep studying Japanese from now on.

Benkyou shite (te-form) + iku (future continuation).

日本の人口は減っていくでしょう。

Japan's population will likely continue to decrease.

Hette (te-form of heru) + iku (gradual change).

この伝統を守っていきたい。

I want to keep protecting this tradition.

Mamotte (te-form of mamoru) + ikitai (want to).

技術はどんどん進歩していく。

Technology continues to progress rapidly.

Shinpo shite (te-form) + iku (ongoing process).

彼は自分の道を生きていった。

He went on living his own way.

Ikite (te-form of ikiru) + itta (past continuation).

だんだん寒くなっていく時期です。

It's the season where it gradually gets colder.

Natte (te-form of naru) + iku (seasonal change).

新しい環境に慣れていきました。

I gradually got used to the new environment.

Narete (te-form of nareru) + ikimashita (past process).

この町も変わっていくはずだ。

This town is bound to change over time.

Kawatte (te-form of kawaru) + iku (expectation of change).

社会の仕組みが変化していく。

The structure of society is undergoing change.

Henka shite (te-form) + iku (systemic change).

この問題は複雑化していく一方だ。

This problem is only becoming more complex.

Fukuzatsuka shite (te-form) + iku (negative progression).

彼は次第に孤立していった。

He gradually became isolated.

Koritsu shite (te-form) + itta (psychological process).

平和な世界を築いていこう。

Let's go on building a peaceful world.

Kizuite (te-form of kizuku) + ikou (volitional form).

古い建物が取り壊されていく。

Old buildings are being torn down one after another.

Torikowasarete (passive te-form) + iku (ongoing destruction).

彼女の才能が開花していった。

Her talent gradually blossomed.

Kaika shite (te-form) + itta (metaphorical growth).

物価は上昇していく傾向にある。

Prices are in a trend of continuing to rise.

Joushou shite (te-form) + iku (economic trend).

記憶が薄れていくのを感じた。

I felt my memories fading away.

Usurete (te-form of usureru) + iku (gradual loss).

文明は衰退の道を辿っていく。

Civilization follows a path of decline.

Tadotte (te-form of tadoru) + iku (inevitable progression).

宇宙は膨張し続けていく。

The universe will continue to expand.

Boujou shi (stem) + tsuzukete (te-form) + iku (compounded aspect).

魂は永遠に受け継がれていく。

The soul will be passed down for eternity.

Uketsugarete (passive te-form) + iku (abstract continuation).

真実は闇に葬り去られていった。

The truth was buried away in the darkness.

Houmuri-sararete (passive te-form) + itta (literary expression).

芸術は時代と共に変容していく。

Art undergoes transformation along with the times.

Henyou shite (te-form) + iku (philosophical change).

彼は静かに息を引き取っていった。

He quietly drew his last breath and passed away.

Hiki-totte (te-form) + itta (euphemistic and directional).

絶望が彼を支配していった。

Despair gradually took control of him.

Shihai shite (te-form) + itta (psychological progression).

歴史の波に飲み込まれていく。

Being swallowed up by the waves of history.

Nomikomarete (passive te-form) + iku (metaphorical movement).

万物は流転し、消滅へと向かっていく。

All things are in flux, heading toward extinction.

Mukatte (te-form of mukau) + iku (metaphysical direction).

言葉は生き物のように進化していく。

Language evolves like a living thing.

Shinka shite (te-form) + iku (linguistic aspect).

国家の威信は失墜していった。

The nation's prestige fell into decline.

Shittsui shite (te-form) + itta (formal/historical).

個の意識は全体へと統合されていく。

Individual consciousness is integrated into the whole.

Tougou sarete (passive te-form) + iku (philosophical).

その思想は国境を越えて波及していった。

That ideology spread across borders.

Hakyuu shite (te-form) + itta (geopolitical spread).

無窮の彼方へと消え去っていく星々。

Stars disappearing into the infinite distance.

Kie-satte (te-form) + iku (poetic/astronomical).

生命の連鎖は未来永劫続いていく。

The chain of life will continue for all eternity.

Tsuzuite (te-form of tsuzuku) + iku (eternal aspect).

真理の探究は果てしなく続いていく。

The quest for truth continues without end.

Tsuzuite (te-form) + iku (abstract progression).

ترکیب‌های رایج

変化していく

成長していく

進歩していく

消えていく

生きていく

歩いていく

増えていく

減っていく

忘れていく

続いていく

عبارات رایج

持っていく

— To take something with you. Very common in daily life.

お弁当を持っていく。

連れていく

— To take someone (or a pet) with you.

犬を散歩に連れていく。

買っていく

— To buy something and then go to your destination.

飲み物を買っていこう。

寄っていく

— To stop by somewhere on your way.

コンビニに寄っていく。

送っていく

— To see someone off or drive them somewhere.

駅まで送っていくよ。

やっていく

— To get by or manage to do something.

なんとかやっていく。

進んでいく

— To move forward or progress.

計画が進んでいく。

離れていく

— To move away or become distant.

船が岸から離れていく。

流れていく

— To flow away (like a river or time).

雲が流れていく。

受け継いでいく

— To carry on a legacy or tradition.

文化を受け継いでいく。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

〜ていく vs 〜てくる

The most common confusion. Remember: iku = away/future, kuru = toward/past.

〜ていく vs 〜つづける

Tsuzukeru is about 'not stopping,' while te-iku is about 'moving forward.'

〜ていく vs 〜ておく

Beginners sometimes confuse the sounds, but te-oku means 'in advance.'

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"生きていく糧"

— The bread of life; something that gives one the strength to keep living.

音楽が私の生きていく糧だ。

Literary

"消えていく運命"

— Destined to fade away or disappear.

それは消えていく運命にある。

Dramatic

"時代を築いていく"

— To build or define an era.

若者が新しい時代を築いていく。

Formal

"語り継いでいく"

— To pass down stories or legends to future generations.

この物語を語り継いでいこう。

Literary

"自分を磨いていく"

— To continue improving oneself.

これからも自分を磨いていきたい。

Motivational

"波に乗っていく"

— To ride the wave (of a trend or success).

流行の波に乗っていく。

Metaphorical

"突き進んでいく"

— To push forward blindly or with great force.

目標に向かって突き進んでいく。

Strong

"溶け込んでいく"

— To blend in or melt into (a new environment).

新しいクラスに溶け込んでいった。

Neutral

"吸い込まれていく"

— To be sucked into or absorbed by something.

闇に吸い込まれていく。

Descriptive

"道が分かれていく"

— The paths diverge (often used for people's lives).

卒業後、二人の道は分かれていった。

Poetic

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

〜ていく vs 〜てくる

Both describe aspect and direction.

Te-iku is away from the speaker/into the future. Te-kuru is toward the speaker/from the past.

太っていく (will get fatter) vs 太ってきた (have gotten fatter).

〜ていく vs 〜つづける

Both imply continuation.

Tsuzukeru focuses on the lack of interruption. Te-iku focuses on the direction/progression.

読みつづける (keep reading) vs 読んでいく (read onward).

〜ていく vs 〜はじめる

Both relate to the start of a process.

Hajimeru is just the start. Te-iku is the whole process moving forward.

降りはじめる (start raining) vs 降っていく (keep raining away).

〜ていく vs 〜てしまう

Both can describe something disappearing.

Te-shimau adds a nuance of completion or regret. Te-iku is purely directional.

消えてしまった (completely gone) vs 消えていく (fading away).

〜ていく vs 〜ゆく

Sounds similar and has the same meaning.

Yuku is the poetic/classical version of iku. Use it only in songs or literature.

去りゆく夏 (the passing summer).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Verb Te-form] + いきます

パンを買っていきます。

[Motion Verb Te-form] + いった

鳥が飛んでいった。

[Change Verb Te-form] + いく

だんだん寒くなっていく。

[Action Verb Te-form] + いきたい

これからも勉強していきたい。

[Passive Verb Te-form] + いく

町が壊されていく。

[Verb Te-form] + いく一方だ

物価は上がる一方だ（上がっていく一方だ）。

[Verb Te-form] + ゆく (Poetic)

時は過ぎゆく。

[Complex Verb Te-form] + いく

真理が解明されていく。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

行き先 (destination)

行き方 (way of going)

فعل‌ها

行く (to go)

向かう (to head toward)

進む (to progress)

مرتبط

〜てくる (opposite)

〜ておく (preparation)

〜てしまう (completion)

〜ている (state/ongoing)

〜てみる (trying)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Japanese.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 'te-iku' for someone coming toward you. → 〜てくる (te-kuru)
If a friend is walking toward you, you must say 'aruite kuru.' 'Aruite iku' means they are walking away from you.
Using 'te-iku' for a change that happened in the past up to now. → 〜てきた (te-kita)
To say 'I have been studying for 3 years,' use 'benkyou shite kita.' 'Benkyou shite itta' would mean you started 3 years ago and continued further into the past.
Forgetting the 'te' in 'te-iku'. → Verb (te-form) + iku
You cannot say 'tabe-iku.' It must be 'tabete-iku.' The te-form is the essential bridge between the two verbs.
Using 'te-iku' for an instantaneous action with no continuation. → Simple verb form
If you just 'go' once, just use 'iku.' 'Te-iku' implies a process or a sequence (do and go).
Confusing 'motte iku' and 'motte kuru'. → Depends on direction.
This is a classic mistake. 'Motte iku' is taking something away. 'Motte kuru' is bringing something here. Think of your current location as the center.

نکات

Master the Te-form First

Since 'te-iku' relies on the te-form, make sure you are 100% confident in your te-form conjugations for all verb groups (Group 1, 2, and 3).

Think in Vectors

Always visualize an arrow pointing away from you. If the action fits that arrow, 'te-iku' is likely the correct choice.

Use for Future Resolve

When someone thanks you or encourages you, 'ganbatte ikimasu' sounds much more committed than a simple 'ganbarimasu.'

Listen for the 'U'

In fast speech, 'te-iku' can sound like 'teku.' Being aware of this contraction will help your listening comprehension in casual settings.

Use Hiragana

Stick to hiragana 'いく' when using it as an auxiliary. It's the standard for modern Japanese and makes your writing look more natural.

Contrast with Te-kuru

Whenever you learn a 'te-iku' phrase, try to think of its 'te-kuru' equivalent. This double-sided practice solidifies your understanding of deictic direction.

Learn Common Collocations

Phrases like 'naru' + 'te-iku' are so common they should be learned as single units. 'Natte iku' is the bread and butter of describing change.

Watch the Weather

Weather forecasts are the best place to hear 'te-iku' in action. They constantly describe how the sky will 'clear up' (harete iku) or 'cloud over' (kumotte iku).

The 'Go-ing' Future

Associate 'iku' (to go) with the 'going' future in English. 'It is going to get cold' maps well to 'samuku natte iku.'

Poetic 'Yuku'

If you are writing a poem or a song, try using 'te-yuku.' It adds an instant layer of beauty and classicism to your Japanese.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'te-iku' as 'Take it away.' The 'te' is like 'take' and 'iku' is 'go.' You are taking the action and going into the future with it.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine an arrow pointing away from you. The verb is written on the arrow, and the arrow is flying toward the horizon.

شبکه واژگان

Future Away Gradual Onward Trend Departure Growth Flow

چالش

Try to describe three things that will change in your life over the next year using '〜ていく'. For example: 'More friends' (fuete iku).

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the classical Japanese verb 'yuku' (to go), which has been used as an auxiliary since the Heian period. The 'te' particle acts as a conjunctive, linking the primary action to the motion of 'going.'

معنای اصلی: To physically move away from the current location after or while performing an action.

Japonic

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities, but be aware that using 'te-iku' for someone's death (shinde iku) can be very blunt or dramatic depending on the context.

English often uses 'go on' or 'keep on,' but 'te-iku' is more versatile as it also covers physical movement and gradual state changes.

The song 'Toki no Nagare ni Mi o Makase' (Give yourself to the flow of time). The phrase 'Ikite-iku' is a common title for movies and books about survival and resilience. Anime often uses 'te-iku' in final episodes to show characters moving toward their separate futures.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Weather Forecasts

晴れていく
寒くなっていく
雨が止んでいく
荒れていく

Business Projections

成長していく
拡大していく
減少していく
進歩していく

Daily Errands

買っていく
寄っていく
持っていく
送っていく

Personal Growth

頑張っていく
勉強していく
生きていく
慣れていく

Nature/Environment

消えていく
流れていく
枯れていく
変化していく

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"これから日本はどうなっていくと思いますか？ (How do you think Japan will change from now on?)"

"最近、だんだん暑くなってきましたね。これからも暑くなっていくんでしょうか。 (It's gotten hot lately. Do you think it will keep getting hotter?)"

"将来、どんな仕事をしていきたいですか？ (What kind of work do you want to keep doing in the future?)"

"日本語の勉強は、これからどうやって進めていく予定ですか？ (How do you plan to proceed with your Japanese studies from now on?)"

"この町は、これからどう変わっていくと思いますか？ (How do you think this town will change in the future?)"

موضوعات نگارش

10年後の自分は、どこで何をしていくと思いますか。 (Where and what do you think you will be doing 10 years from now?)

あなたがこれから守っていきたい伝統や習慣は何ですか。 (What traditions or habits do you want to keep protecting from now on?)

最近の技術の進歩について、これからどうなっていくか書いてください。 (Write about recent technological progress and how it will evolve.)

新しい趣味を始めた時、どのように上達していきましたか。 (When you started a new hobby, how did you gradually improve?)

今の社会で、減っていくべきものと増えていくべきものは何ですか。 (In current society, what things should decrease and what should increase?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No. While it can mean physical movement away from the speaker (like 'hashitte iku' - run away), it is very often used for temporal continuation (continuing into the future) or gradual changes in state (like 'samuku natte iku' - getting colder).

'Naru' simply states that a change will happen. 'Natte iku' emphasizes the process and the gradual nature of that change as it moves forward from the present moment.

Yes, but it describes the progression *from that past point* further into the past or toward a later point. For example, 'Kare wa soko de ikite itta' means 'He went on living there [from that point on].'

The politeness depends on how you conjugate 'iku.' 'Te-iku' is casual, 'te-ikimasu' is polite, and 'te-mairimasu' is very formal (humble).

In modern Japanese, auxiliary verbs (verbs that add meaning to a main verb) are typically written in hiragana to distinguish them from their literal meanings. Using kanji (行く) might make the reader think of literal walking.

Most verbs that describe an action or a change can be used. However, verbs that describe instantaneous states (like 'shiru' - to know) are less common unless they describe a process of coming to know something.

'Motte iku' means to take something away with you to another place. 'Motte kuru' means to bring something here to where the speaker is.

The most natural way is 'Kore kara mo ganbatte ikimasu.' This shows your resolve to continue your effort into the future.

Yes, it is extremely common in news to describe trends, such as 'bukka ga agatte iku' (prices will continue to rise).

The direct grammatical opposite is '〜てくる' (te-kuru), which indicates movement or change toward the speaker or the present.

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