词典 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- A dictionary (词典) is an essential tool for looking up word meanings and usage.
- It differs from a character dictionary (字典) by focusing on multi-character words.
- Commonly used with the measure word '本' and the verb '查' (to check).
- Available in paper, electronic, and mobile app formats for modern learners.
The term 词典 (cídiǎn) is a fundamental noun in the Chinese language, primarily referring to a reference book or digital resource that lists the words of a language, typically in alphabetical or stroke-order, and provides their meanings, pronunciations, and usage. While often used interchangeably with 字典 (zìdiǎn), there is a technical distinction: a 字典 focuses on individual characters (字), whereas a 词典 focuses on multi-character words and phrases (词). In the modern era, this term encompasses physical books, electronic handheld devices, and sophisticated mobile applications.
- Core Concept
- A comprehensive repository of lexical knowledge, serving as the bridge between unknown symbols and functional understanding.
- Lexical Scope
- Includes definitions, part-of-speech labels, example sentences, and often etymological roots.
- Format Variety
- Ranges from pocket-sized learners' guides to multi-volume academic compendiums like the Hanyu Da Cidian.
“这本词典是我学习汉语最好的伙伴。”
— (This dictionary is my best partner for learning Chinese.)
Modern learners often use 电子词典 (diànzǐ cídiǎn) or apps like Pleco, which combine the functions of both character and word dictionaries.
The measure word for 词典 is 本 (běn), the same as for books.
When you look something up, use the verb 查 (chá), as in 查词典.
A bilingual dictionary is called a 双语词典 (shuāngyǔ cídiǎn).
Using the word 词典 correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a countable noun and its association with specific verbs. In a sentence, it usually functions as the object of an action related to searching or consulting. For example, 'I am looking at the dictionary' is translated as '我在看词典', but 'I am looking up a word in the dictionary' is '我在词典里查词'.
- Action Verbs: Use 查 (chá - to check/search), 翻 (fān - to flip through), 买 (mǎi - to buy), or 用 (yòng - to use).
- Modifiers: You can describe it by language (汉英词典 - Chinese-English Dictionary), medium (电子词典 - Electronic Dictionary), or size (大词典 - Large Dictionary).
- Location: When saying 'in the dictionary', use the structure '在词典里' (zài cídiǎn lǐ).
Common Collocations
- 一本词典 (One dictionary)
- 查词典 (Check the dictionary)
- 在线词典 (Online dictionary)
- 专业词典 (Specialized dictionary)
Sentence Structure
[Subject] + [Verb] + [Measure Word] + 词典
Example: 我买了一本词典。
In academic settings, you might hear the term 辞书 (císhū), which is a more formal, collective noun for dictionaries and reference books. However, in daily life, 词典 remains the standard term. When talking about digital versions, 词典软件 (cídiǎn ruǎnjiàn) or 词典App are frequently used.
The word 词典 is ubiquitous in educational and professional environments. You will encounter it most frequently in the following contexts:
- Classrooms: Teachers often tell students, "如果你不认识这个词，就去查词典" (If you don't know this word, go check the dictionary).
- Libraries and Bookstores: You will see signs for the "工具书" (Reference Books) section where rows of 词典 are kept.
- Translation Work: Translators frequently discuss which 词典 is the most authoritative for specific technical fields.
- Language Learning Apps: Many apps include the word in their title or settings (e.g., "下载词典包" - Download dictionary pack).
Avoid these frequent pitfalls when using 词典:
1. Confusing 词典 (Cídiǎn) with 字典 (Zìdiǎn)
This is the most common error. Remember: 字 (Zì) means character. 词 (Cí) means word. If you are looking up a compound word like '电脑' (computer), you need a 词典. If you are looking up the single character '电', a 字典 is sufficient.
2. Wrong Measure Word
Do not use '个' (gè). Always use '本' (běn). Saying '一个词典' sounds unnatural; '一本词典' is correct.
3. Verb Misuse
Don't say '看词典' (kàn cídiǎn) if you mean you are searching for a specific word. Use '查词典' (chá cídiǎn). '看' implies reading it like a novel from cover to cover.
To expand your vocabulary, understand these words related to 词典:
- 字典 (zìdiǎn)
- Character dictionary. Focuses on individual characters, their strokes, and meanings.
- 辞书 (císhū)
- A formal, collective term for dictionaries and encyclopedias.
- 百科全书 (bǎikē quánshū)
- Encyclopedia. Provides detailed information on various subjects, not just word definitions.
- 词库 (cíkù)
- Thesaurus or word bank. Often used in computer science to refer to a database of words.
- 术语表 (shùyǔbiǎo)
- Glossary. A list of technical terms in a specific field.
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
Measure words for books
Directional complements with '查'
Locative '里'
Possessive '的'
Comparison '比'
مثالها بر اساس سطح
我有一本词典。
I have a dictionary.
Uses measure word '本'.
这是你的词典吗？
Is this your dictionary?
Basic question with '吗'.
词典在桌子上。
The dictionary is on the table.
Location structure '在...上'.
老师，我要查词典。
Teacher, I need to check the dictionary.
Verb '查' (to check).
这本词典很大。
This dictionary is very big.
Adjective '大' with '很'.
我不认识这个词，请给我词典。
I don't know this word, please give me the dictionary.
Imperative '请'.
你的词典是什么颜色的？
What color is your dictionary?
Asking about color.
他在买词典。
He is buying a dictionary.
Present continuous with '在'.
我买了一本汉英词典。
I bought a Chinese-English dictionary.
Specific type of dictionary.
你可以用电子词典查这个词。
You can use an electronic dictionary to look up this word.
Auxiliary verb '可以'.
这本词典里有很多例子。
There are many examples in this dictionary.
Location '里' (inside).
我忘了带词典，可以借你的吗？
I forgot to bring my dictionary, can I borrow yours?
Verb '借' (to borrow).
在线词典非常方便。
Online dictionaries are very convenient.
Adjective '方便'.
这本词典比那本贵。
This dictionary is more expensive than that one.
Comparison with '比'.
我每天都翻词典。
I flip through the dictionary every day.
Verb '翻' (to flip).
这本词典太重了，我不喜欢。
This dictionary is too heavy, I don't like it.
Structure '太...了'.
如果你想提高汉语水平，你应该多查词典。
If you want to improve your Chinese level, you should check the dictionary more.
Conditional '如果...就'.
这本词典的解释非常详细。
The explanations in this dictionary are very detailed.
Adjective '详细'.
虽然有了手机，但我还是喜欢用纸质词典。
Although I have a phone, I still like using paper dictionaries.
Conjunction '虽然...但是'.
这本词典是专门为留学生准备的。
This dictionary is specially prepared for international students.
Passive-like structure '为...准备的'.
查词典可以帮助你记住生词。
Checking the dictionary can help you remember new words.
Verb '帮助' (to help).
我正在下载一个新的词典App。
I am downloading a new dictionary app.
Progressive aspect '正在'.
这本词典包含了最新的流行语。
This dictionary includes the latest slang.
Verb '包含' (to include).
老师建议我们买一本成语词典。
The teacher suggested that we buy an idiom dictionary.
Verb '建议' (to suggest).
这本词典是汉语学习者的必备工具。
This dictionary is an essential tool for Chinese learners.
Noun '必备工具'.
他在词典编纂方面有很深的造诣。
He has deep accomplishments in dictionary compilation.
Structure '在...方面'.
这部词典经过了多次修订。
This dictionary has undergone many revisions.
Verb '经过' (to undergo).
由于词典太厚，携带起来很不方便。
Because the dictionary is too thick, it is very inconvenient to carry.
Cause and effect '由于'.
这本词典不仅有定义，还有例句和反义词。
This dictionary not only has definitions but also example sentences and antonyms.
Correlative '不仅...还'.
随着技术的发展，纸质词典正逐渐被电子词典取代。
With the development of technology, paper dictionaries are gradually being replaced by electronic ones.
Passive '被' and '随着'.
这本词典收录了超过十万个词条。
This dictionary contains over 100,000 entries.
Verb '收录' (to include/collect).
他在查词典时发现了一个印刷错误。
He found a printing error while checking the dictionary.
Time clause '...时'.
词典的权威性对于学术研究至关重要。
The authority of a dictionary is crucial for academic research.
Abstract noun '权威性'.
这部词典反映了当代汉语的词汇变迁。
This dictionary reflects the lexical changes in contemporary Chinese.
Verb '反映' (to reflect).
编纂一本高质量的词典需要耗费数年的心血。
Compiling a high-quality dictionary requires years of painstaking effort.
Verb '耗费' (to consume/spend).
该词典采用了先进的语料库技术。
The dictionary utilizes advanced corpus technology.
Noun '语料库' (corpus).
词典中的释义应当力求准确、简洁。
The definitions in the dictionary should strive to be accurate and concise.
Verb '力求' (to strive for).
这本词典对古汉语词汇的解释尤为精辟。
The explanations of ancient Chinese vocabulary in this dictionary are particularly insightful.
Adverb '尤为' (especially).
我们需要一部能够涵盖所有方言词汇的词典。
We need a dictionary that can cover all dialectal vocabulary.
Relative clause structure.
词典不仅仅是工具，更是文化的载体。
A dictionary is not just a tool, but a carrier of culture.
Metaphorical use of '载体'.
词典学作为一门独立的学科，探讨辞书编纂的理论与实践。
Lexicography, as an independent discipline, explores the theory and practice of dictionary compilation.
Formal academic language.
这部词典的出版标志着我国辞书事业迈上了新台阶。
The publication of this dictionary marks a new stage in our country's lexicographical industry.
Idiomatic '迈上新台阶'.
在数字化浪潮下，传统词典的转型已成必然趋势。
Under the wave of digitalization, the transformation of traditional dictionaries has become an inevitable trend.
Abstract phrase '必然趋势'.
该词典对词义演变的考证极具学术价值。
The research on the evolution of word meanings in this dictionary is of great academic value.
Noun '考证' (textual research).
词典编纂者必须具备严谨的治学态度。
Dictionary compilers must possess a rigorous attitude towards scholarship.
Adjective '严谨' (rigorous).
这部巨著堪称现代汉语词典的典范。
This masterpiece can be called a model for modern Chinese dictionaries.
Verb '堪称' (can be called).
词典中对虚词的用法界定仍存在争议。
The definition of the usage of function words in the dictionary remains controversial.
Noun '虚词' (function words).
通过对比不同版本的词典，我们可以窥见社会观念的变迁。
By comparing different versions of dictionaries, we can catch a glimpse of the changes in social concepts.
Verb '窥见' (to glimpse).
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Focuses on characters.
Refers to vocabulary as a concept, not the book.
Refers to specific words/phrases.
الگوهای جملهسازی
خانواده کلمه
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Use 词典 for words, 字典 for characters.
Electronic versions are often called 电子词典.
- Using '个' instead of '本'.
- Saying '字典' when you mean '词典'.
- Writing '词' without the speech radical.
- Forgetting the rising tone on 'cí'.
- Confusing '词典' with '词汇'.
نکات
Start Digital
Use apps like Pleco for quick lookups.
Measure Word
Always pair with '本'.
Context Matters
Look at the example sentences in the dictionary.
The Gold Standard
Look for the 'Commercial Press' (商务印书馆) editions.
Pinyin Search
Search by pinyin to save time.
Monolingual
Try using a Chinese-Chinese dictionary at B2 level.
Stroke Order
Dictionaries often show stroke order for the first character.
Tone Practice
Use dictionary audio to mimic pronunciation.
Word Families
Look at related words listed near your target word.
Bookmarks
Bookmark frequently used pages or words.
حفظ کنید
ریشه کلمه
Compound of '词' (words/phrases) and '典' (standard/classic book).
بافت فرهنگی
Essential for the 'Gaokao' and general literacy.
Dictionaries are viewed as authoritative and definitive.
The rise of Pleco and Baidu Hanyu has changed how people '查词典'.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你最喜欢的词典App是什么？"
"你觉得纸质词典好还是电子词典好？"
"你经常查词典吗？"
"这本词典是谁的？"
"你会用词典查成语吗？"
موضوعات نگارش
描述你拥有的第一本词典。
如果没有词典，学习外语会有多难？
写一写你查词典的一次有趣经历。
سوالات متداول
10 سوال字典 is for single characters; 词典 is for multi-character words.
Always use '本' (běn) for dictionaries.
Yes, but '查词典' is more common when looking for a word.
Yes, but they are mostly replaced by smartphone apps now.
The 'Modern Chinese Dictionary' (现代汉语词典) is highly recommended.
You can use the radical index in a paper dictionary.
It is standard. '辞书' is more formal/academic.
It's grammatically incorrect; use '本'.
Modern ones do, but traditional ones might not.
在线词典 (zàixiàn cídiǎn).
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The word 词典 (cídiǎn) is the standard Chinese term for a word dictionary, essential for any language learner to master for both daily communication and academic study.
- A dictionary (词典) is an essential tool for looking up word meanings and usage.
- It differs from a character dictionary (字典) by focusing on multi-character words.
- Commonly used with the measure word '本' and the verb '查' (to check).
- Available in paper, electronic, and mobile app formats for modern learners.
Start Digital
Use apps like Pleco for quick lookups.
Measure Word
Always pair with '本'.
Context Matters
Look at the example sentences in the dictionary.
The Gold Standard
Look for the 'Commercial Press' (商务印书馆) editions.
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر education
能力
B1توانایی یا مهارتی که برای انجام کاری لازم است.
缺勤
B1وضعیت غیبت از کار یا مدرسه زمانی که انتظار میرود فرد در آنجا باشد.
摘要
B1خلاصه ای کوتاه از نکات اصلی یک مقاله، سخنرانی یا مقاله دانشگاهی.
学术界
B1دنیای آکادمیک؛ جامعه دانشجویان و محققان درگیر در آموزش عالی و پژوهش.
教学楼
A2ساختمان آموزشی مکانی است که کلاسها در آن برگزار میشود.
学年
A2سال تحصیلی جدید از ماه سپتامبر شروع می شود. (The new academic year starts in September.)
学术
B1مربوط به آموزش و بورس تحصیلی؛ یا کار علمی. او مقالات علمی بسیاری منتشر کرده است.
积累
B1انباشتن تجربه بسیار مهم است.
习得
B1اکتساب زبان یک فرآیند طبیعی است.
录取
B1پذیرش رسمی فرد در مدرسه، دانشگاه یا شغل پس از یک فرآیند رقابتی.
