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A1 verb 10分で読める

ذاب

thaba

練習する例文メモとヒント ذاب 30秒で

解説 ذاب in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'dhāba' (ذاب) is a simple verb used to describe everyday physical changes. You will use it to talk about ice (thalj) melting in the sun or sugar (sukkar) dissolving in your tea. At this stage, you only need to know the basic past tense 'dhāba' (he/it melted) and the present tense 'yadhūbu' (it melts). It is an essential word for talking about weather and food. You should focus on the fact that it is an 'it' verb—usually describing a thing, not a person. For example, 'The ice melted' is a perfect A1 sentence. You don't need to worry about complex metaphors yet; just focus on the physical world around you. Remember the pronunciation: the 'dh' sound is like the 'th' in 'this'.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'dhāba' in slightly more complex sentences, including those involving different times of the year or cooking. You will learn to use the feminine form 'dhābat' because many things that melt (like 'shukūlātah' - chocolate, or 'sham'ah' - candle) are feminine nouns in Arabic. You also start to see the word in the context of simple emotions, like a heart melting from a nice gesture. You should be able to conjugate it for 'I' (dhubtu) and 'we' (dhubnā), noticing how the long 'a' disappears. This is your introduction to 'hollow verbs.' You will also learn the verbal noun 'dhawabān' (melting), which you might see on food packaging or in simple science lessons.

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By B1, you are expected to use 'dhāba' in metaphorical contexts and understand its role in more abstract discussions. You will hear it in songs and read it in stories to describe deep love, shyness, or sadness. You should also be comfortable with the transitive versions of the verb: 'adhāba' and 'dhawwaba.' For example, instead of just saying 'The ice melted,' you can now say 'The sun melted the ice.' You will also encounter the word in social contexts, like 'the ice melting' between people who just met. You should understand the difference between 'dhāba' (to melt) and 'sāha' (to flow/melt colloquially) and know when to use each. Your vocabulary is expanding to include related terms like 'mudhīb' (solvent).

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At the B2 level, 'dhāba' is used in academic and professional contexts. You will see it in news reports about the environment (the melting of polar ice) and in scientific texts about chemistry and physics. You should be able to discuss the rate of dissolution (sur'at al-dhawabān) and use the word in the passive or with complex modal verbs (e.g., 'it might have melted'). You will also encounter more sophisticated metaphors in literature, where 'melting' describes the blending of identities or the fading of memories. You should be able to distinguish 'dhāba' from the more technical 'insahara' (to fuse/melt metals) and explain why one is used over the other in a given text.

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At the C1 level, you explore the poetic and archaic nuances of 'dhāba.' You will find it in classical Arabic poetry where it describes the physical wasting away of a lover due to passion. You should be able to appreciate the subtle differences between 'dhāba' and its synonyms in high literature. You will also use the word in sociopolitical discussions, such as the 'melting pot' theory of cultural integration (dhawabān al-thaqāfāt). You should be able to use the word with precision in various registers, from a scientific paper on metallurgy to a philosophical essay on the fluidity of time. Your understanding of its root (dh-w-b) and its various derivations (Form I to Form X) should be comprehensive.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of 'dhāba' and its entire word family. You can use it to express the most subtle shades of meaning, such as the 'melting' of a soul into the divine in mystical (Sufi) literature or the 'dissolution' of legal entities in complex legal Arabic. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its cognates in other Semitic languages. You can effortlessly switch between the literal, the technical, and the highly metaphorical uses of the word. You are also aware of rare idiomatic expressions and can use them appropriately in creative writing or formal oratory. Your mastery includes knowing the precise grammatical implications of its conjugation in all moods (indicative, subjunctive, jussive).

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練習する例文メモとヒント

ذاب 30秒で

A basic Arabic verb meaning to melt or dissolve.
Classified as a 'hollow verb' with a changing middle vowel.
Used for physical processes (ice, sugar) and emotional states (love, sorrow).
Must be distinguished from its transitive forms: 'adhāba' and 'dhawwaba'.

The Arabic verb ذاب (dhāba) is a foundational term used to describe the physical transformation of a substance from a solid state to a liquid state, typically due to heat or immersion in a solvent. At its most basic level, it is the word you would use to describe ice melting in the sun or sugar disappearing into a hot cup of tea. However, in the rich tapestry of the Arabic language, dhāba extends far beyond the laboratory or the kitchen. It is a deeply evocative verb used to describe emotional states, the blending of cultures, and the fading of physical presence. Understanding this word requires a grasp of both its literal physical properties and its metaphorical weight in literature and daily speech.

Literal Melting: This refers to the phase change of solids like ice, wax, or metals when exposed to heat. For example, 'The snow melted' is 'dhāba al-thalju'. It is an intransitive verb in this form, meaning the subject itself is the thing undergoing the change.

ذاب الجليد بسبب حرارة الشمس القوية في فصل الصيف.
(The ice melted because of the strong heat of the sun in the summer season.)

Chemical Dissolving: In chemistry and cooking, dhāba describes solutes like salt or sugar becoming part of a liquid solution. While English distinguishes between 'melting' (heat) and 'dissolving' (solubility), Arabic often uses dhāba for both, though context clarifies the mechanism.

ذاب السكر في القهوة الساخنة تماماً.
(The sugar dissolved in the hot coffee completely.)

Metaphorical/Emotional Usage: This is where the word gains its poetic beauty. To 'melt' in Arabic can mean to be overcome with love, compassion, or sorrow. A person might 'melt' from shyness (dhāba khajalan) or 'melt' in the love of another. It signifies a loss of rigidity or a complete merging of one's essence with an emotion or another person.

ذاب قلبه شوقاً لرؤية عائلته بعد سنوات من الغربة.
(His heart melted with longing to see his family after years of estrangement.)

ذابت الفوارق الطبقية في هذا المجتمع الجديد.
(Class differences dissolved in this new society.)

Whether you are discussing the climate crisis and the 'melting' of the polar caps, or writing a romantic letter about how your heart 'melts' at a smile, dhāba is the essential verb. It conveys a transition from a state of separation and hardness to a state of unity and fluidity. In social contexts, it describes integration, such as when immigrants 'melt' into a new culture, losing their distinct edges to become part of a larger whole.

Using ذاب (dhāba) correctly requires an understanding of its conjugation as a 'hollow verb' (Fi'l Ajwaf). Because the middle letter is a long vowel (Alif), it undergoes changes when conjugated in different tenses and with different pronouns. In the past tense, the Alif often remains, but in the present tense, it transforms into a 'Waw' (yadhūbu), indicating that the root origin of the middle letter is indeed a Waw.

Past Tense Conjugation: For 'he', it is 'dhāba'. For 'she', it is 'dhābat'. However, when you move to 'I' or 'you', the long vowel disappears: 'dhubtu' (I melted), 'dhubta' (you masc. melted). This shortening is a key feature of hollow verbs to avoid the meeting of two consonants.

ذابت الشمعة بالكامل خلال الحفلة.
(The candle melted completely during the party.)

Present Tense Conjugation: The present tense stem is 'yadhūbu'. Note the transition from Alif to Waw. 'The snow melts' is 'yadhūbu al-thalju'. 'I melt' is 'adhūbu'. This form is used for habitual actions or things happening right now.

تذوب الثلوج في الجبال عندما يحل الربيع.
(Snows melt in the mountains when spring arrives.)

Imperative and Masdar: The command form (imperative) is 'dhub' (melt!). The verbal noun (Masdar) is 'dhawabān' (melting/dissolution). This noun is frequently used in scientific texts to discuss solubility rates.

سرعة ذوبان الملح في الماء تعتمد على درجة الحرارة.
(The speed of salt's dissolution in water depends on the temperature.)

كاد قلبي أن يذوب من شدة الحزن.
(My heart almost melted from the intensity of the sadness.)

In summary, always remember that dhāba is primarily for the subject that is undergoing the change. If you want to say 'I melted the butter,' you would say 'adhubtu al-zubdah' (using Form IV) or 'dhawwabtu al-zubdah' (using Form II). Using the simple 'dhāba' for an object you are acting upon is a common beginner mistake.

The word ذاب (dhāba) is ubiquitous across various registers of Arabic, from the highly formal to the everyday street slang. Its versatility makes it a favorite in media, art, and science. You will encounter it in news reports about the environment, in the lyrics of the most famous Arabic pop songs, and in the kitchen while following a recipe. Because it bridges the gap between the physical and the emotional, it is a word that carries significant weight in the Arab consciousness.

In News and Environment: With the global focus on climate change, you will hear dhawabān al-jalīd (melting of the ice) constantly on Al Jazeera or BBC Arabic. It is the standard term for the receding glaciers and polar ice caps.

يؤدي ذوبان الثلوج في القطب الشمالي إلى ارتفاع منسوب البحار.
(The melting of snow in the North Pole leads to a rise in sea levels.)

In Music and Poetry: Arabic music is famous for its emotional depth. Singers like Umm Kulthum or Abdel Halim Hafez frequently use 'dhāba' to describe the effect of a lover's gaze or the pain of separation. 'Dhāba qalbi' (My heart melted) is perhaps one of the most common romantic clichés in the language.

أنا أذوب في حبك كل يوم أكثر.
(I melt in your love more every day.)

In Everyday Conversation: In the kitchen, a mother might tell her child, 'The chocolate melted' (dhābat al-shukulātah). In a social setting, someone might say 'The ice has melted' (dhāba al-jalīd) metaphorically to mean that a tense situation has finally become comfortable and friendly.

بعد الضحكة الأولى، ذاب الجليد بين الزملاء الجدد.
(After the first laugh, the ice melted between the new colleagues.)

ذابت قطعة الزبدة في المقلاة الساخنة.
(The piece of butter melted in the hot pan.)

Whether you are reading a high-brow literary novel or watching a simple cooking tutorial on YouTube, dhāba is a word that will appear frequently. It is essential for describing both the physical world and the internal world of feelings, making it a high-frequency verb for any learner of Arabic.

Learning the verb ذاب (dhāba) presents several challenges for English speakers, primarily due to the differences in transitivity and the specific conjugation patterns of hollow verbs. Avoiding these common pitfalls will help you sound more like a native speaker and ensure your meaning is clear in both written and spoken Arabic.

Confusing Transitive and Intransitive: In English, 'melt' can be both intransitive ('The ice melted') and transitive ('I melted the ice'). In Arabic, dhāba is strictly intransitive. If you say 'dhubtu al-thalja', you are literally saying 'I melted the ice' in a way that sounds like you physically became liquid. To say you melted something, you must use Form II (dhawwaba) or Form IV (adhāba).

خطأ: ذبت السكر في الشاي. (I melted the sugar in the tea - Incorrect conjugation/form)
صح: ذوّبتُ السكر في الشاي. (I dissolved the sugar in the tea - Correct)

Conjugation of the Hollow Verb: Many students forget to drop the Alif in the past tense when attaching suffixes starting with a consonant. They might say 'dhābtu' instead of 'dhubtu'. Remember: when the suffix starts with a consonant (t, na), the long vowel in the middle of the root disappears.

خطأ: الثلج ذابوا. (The snow they melted - Incorrect plural agreement)
صح: الثلوج ذابت. (The snows melted - Correct feminine singular agreement for non-human plurals)

Overusing 'Dhāba' for 'Dissolve': While dhāba is fine for sugar and salt, for more complex chemical processes or the 'dissolving' of a parliament or a contract, Arabic uses different verbs like 'halla' (حلّ) or 'fakka' (فكّ). Using 'dhāba' for a legal contract would sound very strange.

خطأ: ذاب البرلمان. (The parliament melted - Incorrect)
صح: تم حل البرلمان. (The parliament was dissolved - Correct)

By keeping these distinctions in mind—especially the intransitive nature of the basic verb and the specific conjugation rules for hollow verbs—you will avoid the most frequent errors and communicate with greater precision.

While ذاب (dhāba) is the general term for melting, Arabic offers a variety of synonyms and related terms that provide more specific nuances depending on the context, whether technical, poetic, or colloquial. Understanding these alternatives will help you choose the right word for the right situation.

انصهر (Insahara): This is the technical and scientific term for melting, specifically used for metals and minerals that require high heat. While you could say 'dhāba al-hadīd' (the iron melted), 'insahara al-hadīd' is more precise and common in industrial or academic contexts. It also carries a metaphorical meaning of 'merging' or 'fusing' together, like two companies or cultures.

ينصهر الذهب عند درجة حرارة عالية جداً.
(Gold melts [fuses] at a very high temperature.)

ساح (Sāha): In many dialects (like Egyptian or Levantine), 'sāha' is the preferred word for melting in a messy or flowing way. Think of ice cream melting down a cone or butter spreading in a pan. It implies a loss of shape and a spreading out. In Modern Standard Arabic, it can also mean to travel or wander (hence 'siyāha' for tourism), but its colloquial use for melting is very frequent.

ساحت المثلجات في يد الطفل.
(The ice cream melted [ran/flowed] in the child's hand.)

تلاشى (Talāshā): This means 'to vanish' or 'to fade away.' While not a direct synonym for 'melt,' it is often used in the same metaphorical contexts. For example, 'His hopes melted away' could be translated using 'dhāba' or 'talāshā.' 'Talāshā' emphasizes the disappearance more than the change of state.

تلاشت الغيوم وظهرت الشمس.
(The clouds vanished [faded away] and the sun appeared.)

ماع (Mā'a): A more obscure or dialect-specific word for 'to become liquid' or 'to soften.' It is sometimes used to describe someone becoming 'soft' or 'effeminate' in a derogatory way, or simply describing a solid becoming mushy.

Choosing between these words depends on your desired level of formality and the specific physical process you are describing. For most learners, mastering dhāba is the first and most important step, as it is the most versatile and universally understood.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The root is also related to the word for 'fly' (dhubāb) in some theories, suggesting the buzzing or 'flowing' movement of the insect, though this is debated.

発音ガイド

UK /ðɑːb/

US /ðɑːb/

Stress is on the only syllable (monosyllabic in the past tense 3rd person).

韻が合う語

طاب (tāba) غاب (ghāba) شاب (shāba) تاب (tāba) أجاب (ajāba) كتاب (kitāb) سحاب (sahāb) عذاب (adhāb)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'dh' (ذ) as 'z' (ز).
Pronouncing 'dh' (ذ) as 'd' (د).
Shortening the long 'a' in the past tense 'he' form.
Keeping the long 'a' in the 'I' form (saying dhābtu instead of dhubtu).
Confusing it with 'dāba' (to crawl).

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize but watch for hollow verb changes.

ライティング 3/5

Requires knowledge of hollow verb conjugation (dropping the Alif).

スピーキング 2/5

Common word, but 'dh' sound needs practice.

リスニング 2/5

Easily heard in songs and weather reports.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

ثلج سكر نار قلب ماء

次に学ぶ

انصهر تجمد حلّ غلى تبخر

上級

بوتقة استحالة تلاشي اضمحلال سائل

知っておくべき文法

Hollow Verb Conjugation

ذاب (He melted) vs ذبتُ (I melted) - Alif drops.

Transitivity (Form II/IV)

ذاب (Intransitive) vs أذاب (Transitive).

Non-human Plural Agreement

الثلوج ذابت (Feminine singular verb for plural subject).

The Masdar (Verbal Noun)

ذوبان (Dhawabān) functions as a noun.

Subjunctive with 'an'

أريد أن يذوب (I want it to melt).

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レベル別の例文

ذاب الثلج.

The ice melted.

Basic past tense (3rd person masculine singular).

يذوب السكر في الشاي.

The sugar melts in the tea.

Present tense verb 'yadhūbu'.

هل ذاب الملح؟

Did the salt melt (dissolve)?

Question form using the particle 'hal'.

الزبدة تذوب.

The butter is melting.

Present tense feminine singular 'tadhūbu'.

ذاب الآيس كريم.

The ice cream melted.

Subject-verb agreement (masculine).

الشمعة تذوب الآن.

The candle is melting now.

Use of 'al-ān' (now) with the present tense.

لم يذب الثلج بعد.

The ice hasn't melted yet.

Negation using 'lam' + jussive (note the shortening to 'yadhib').

أريد أن يذوب الجبن.

I want the cheese to melt.

Subjunctive mood after 'an'.

ذبتُ من الحرارة.

I melted from the heat.

Past tense 'I' form (dhubtu) - note the dropped Alif.

ذابت الشوكولاتة في حقيبتي.

The chocolate melted in my bag.

Past tense feminine singular.

نحن ذبنا من التعب.

We melted (collapsed) from tiredness.

Metaphorical use for exhaustion, 'we' form (dhubnā).

هل تذوب هذه الحلوى في الفم؟

Does this candy melt in the mouth?

Present tense question.

ذابت الثلوج في الربيع.

The snows melted in the spring.

Non-human plural (thulūj) takes feminine singular verb (dhābat).

لا تدع المثلجات تذوب.

Don't let the ice cream melt.

Prohibitive 'lā' + jussive.

ذاب قلبي عندما رأيت القطة.

My heart melted when I saw the cat.

Common metaphorical emotional use.

السكر يذوب بسرعة في الماء الساخن.

Sugar dissolves quickly in hot water.

Adverbial use of 'bi-sur'ah' (quickly).

ذاب الجليد بين الجارين بعد اعتذار طويل.

The ice melted between the two neighbors after a long apology.

Idiomatic use for social reconciliation.

أذاب الطباخ الزبدة في المقلاة.

The chef melted the butter in the pan.

Form IV (adhāba) - transitive usage.

ذابت ملامحها من كثرة البكاء.

Her features 'melted' (blurred) from too much crying.

Literary metaphorical usage.

تذوب الفوارق في هذا المهرجان الثقافي.

Differences melt away in this cultural festival.

Abstract subject (differences).

ذوّبتُ الملح في لتر من الماء.

I dissolved the salt in a liter of water.

Form II (dhawwaba) - transitive usage.

ذاب كالملح في الماء واختفى.

He melted like salt in water and disappeared.

Simile (tashbīh) using 'ka-' (like).

يجب أن تذوب هذه المادة قبل خلطها.

This substance must melt before being mixed.

Passive-like construction with 'an'.

ذاب صوتها في ضجيج المدينة.

Her voice melted (was lost) in the city's noise.

Metaphorical use for sound.

تتسارع معدلات ذوبان الأنهار الجليدية.

The rates of glacier melting are accelerating.

Use of the verbal noun 'dhawabān' in an idafa structure.

ذاب الكيان الصهيوني في وعي الشعوب.

The [concept of the] entity melted in the consciousness of the people.

Political/rhetorical usage.

تذوب الحدود السياسية في عصر العولمة.

Political borders melt away in the age of globalization.

Abstract sociological usage.

أدت الحرارة العالية إلى ذوبان الأسلاك الكهربائية.

The high heat led to the melting of the electrical wires.

Cause and effect structure.

ذاب المستثمرون في السوق بعد الأزمة.

The investors 'melted' (vanished) from the market after the crisis.

Financial metaphor.

تعتمد قابلية الذوبان على الضغط الجوي.

Solubility depends on atmospheric pressure.

Technical scientific terminology.

ذابت أحلامه أمام الواقع المر.

His dreams melted before the bitter reality.

Literary metaphor for disappointment.

يذوب الرصاص عند درجة حرارة 327 مئوية.

Lead melts at 327 degrees Celsius.

Factual scientific statement.

ذاب في ملكوت الله وتفكر في خلقه.

He melted into the kingdom of God and contemplated His creation.

Spiritual/Mystical usage.

ذابت العصور واندثرت الحضارات وبقي الأثر.

Ages melted away, civilizations perished, but the trace remained.

Historical/Philosophical register.

كأنما ذابت روحه في ثنايا القصيدة.

It was as if his soul melted into the folds of the poem.

High literary metaphor.

تذوب الهوية الفردية في بوتقة الجماعة.

Individual identity melts in the crucible of the group.

Sociological 'melting pot' metaphor.

ذاب الشوق في قلبه حتى أنحله.

Longing melted in his heart until it made him thin/weak.

Classical poetic trope (physical wasting).

تذوب الكلمات خجلاً أمام كرمك.

Words melt in shyness before your generosity.

Formal rhetorical praise.

ذاب الجمود الفكري بعد النهضة الأدبية.

Intellectual stagnation melted after the literary renaissance.

Metaphor for intellectual change.

يذوب الثلج ويظهر المرج.

The snow melts and the meadow appears (Proverb).

Proverbial usage meaning 'the truth will come out'.

ذاب الوجد في حنايا الروح فاستحالت دمعاً.

Passion melted within the recesses of the soul and turned into tears.

Archaic/Highly poetic vocabulary ('wajd', 'hanāyā').

تذوب الذات في الفناء الصوفي المطلق.

The self melts into absolute Sufi annihilation (Fana).

Specialized theological terminology.

ذابت الفوارق الأنطولوجية بين الحلم واليقظة.

Ontological differences between dream and wakefulness melted away.

Philosophical/Academic register.

يذوب النص في سياقاته التاريخية المتعددة.

The text melts into its multiple historical contexts.

Post-structuralist literary criticism.

ذاب صقيع العلاقات الدبلوماسية بعد القمة.

The frost of diplomatic relations melted after the summit.

High-level political journalism.

تذوب المادة في الطاقة وفقاً للفيزياء الحديثة.

Matter melts (converts) into energy according to modern physics.

Scientific/Theoretical usage.

ذاب سحر البيان في بلاغة منطقه.

The magic of eloquence melted into the rhetoric of his logic.

Classical rhetorical analysis.

ذابت المسافات بفضل التكنولوجيا الرقمية.

Distances melted away thanks to digital technology.

Modern sociological metaphor.

よく使う組み合わせ

ذوبان الثلوج

ذاب خجلاً

قابل للذوبان

ذاب في الحب

نقطة الذوبان

ذاب الجليد

سرعة الذوبان

ذاب في الفم

ذاب من الألم

ذاب شوقاً

よく使うフレーズ

ذاب الثلج وبان المرج

— Literally 'The snow melted and the meadow appeared.' It means the truth has come out.

انتظر قليلاً، سيذوب الثلج ويبان المرج.

يذوب في اليد

— Something very soft or fragile.

هذا القماش ناعم جداً، يذوب في اليد.

ذاب قلبه

— He felt great sympathy or love.

ذاب قلبه لحال الفقير.

ذاب كالسراب

— Vanished like a mirage.

ذابت وعوده كالسراب.

ذاب في الزحام

— Lost in the crowd.

ذاب الرجل في زحام المدينة.

ذاب من الحياء

— Extremely embarrassed or shy.

ذابت خجلاً وحياءً.

ذاب في التفكير

— Deeply lost in thought.

كان يذوب في التفكير لساعات.

ذاب الحديد

— The iron melted (often used for extreme heat).

من شدة النار، ذاب الحديد.

ذاب في البوتقة

— Melted in the crucible (integrated).

ذابت الثقافات في بوتقة واحدة.

لا يذوب ولا يتجمد

— Stagnant; neither progressing nor regressing.

هذا المشروع لا يذوب ولا يتجمد.

よく混同される語

ذاب vs ذابّ (Dhābb)

Means 'repelling' or 'defending' (different root).

ذاب vs داب (Dāb)

Means 'to crawl' or 'to persist' (starts with Dal, not Thal).

ذاب vs طاب (Tāb)

Means 'to be good/pleasant'.

慣用句と表現

"ذاب في هواه"

— To be deeply in love with someone to the point of losing oneself.

ذاب في هواها ولم يعد يرى غيرها.

Poetic

"ذاب بين أصابعه"

— To lose something easily or for it to slip away.

ذابت الثروة بين أصابعه.

Metaphorical

"ذاب كالملح"

— To disappear completely and quickly without a trace.

اختفى وذاب كالملح في الماء.

General

"ذاب من الشوق"

— To suffer physically from the intensity of longing.

ذاب من الشوق لولده الغائب.

Literary

"ذاب في ملكوت الله"

— To be lost in spiritual contemplation of the divine.

كان الصوفي يذوب في ملكوت الله.

Religious/Mystical

"ذاب الثلج"

— The tension between two parties has ended.

أخيراً ذاب الثلج بينهما بعد الخصام.

Diplomatic/Social

"ذاب في صمته"

— To be consumed by one's own silence or isolation.

ذاب في صمته ولم يتحدث لأحد.

Literary

"ذاب قلبه كمداً"

— His heart melted/wasted away from suppressed grief.

ذاب قلبه كمداً على خسارته.

Archaic/Formal

"ذاب في عينيها"

— To be captivated by someone's eyes.

ذاب في سحر عينيها.

Romantic

"ذاب الجليد السياسي"

— The beginning of a thaw in cold political relations.

بدأ يذوب الجليد السياسي بين الشرق والغرب.

Journalistic

間違えやすい

ذاب vs انصهر

Both mean melt.

Insahara is for high heat/metals; Dhāba is general/dissolving.

انصهر النحاس.

ذاب vs ساح

Both mean melt.

Sāha is more colloquial or implies flowing/spreading.

ساحت الزبدة.

ذاب vs حلّ

Both can mean dissolve.

Halla is used for solutions or dissolving groups/contracts.

حلّ البرلمان.

ذاب vs تلاشى

Both imply disappearing.

Talāshā means fading/vanishing; Dhāba is a change of state.

تلاشت الغيوم.

ذاب vs أذاب

Same root.

Adhāba is transitive (I melt it); Dhāba is intransitive (it melts).

أذبتُ الثلج.

文型パターン

[Subject] ذاب

الثلج ذاب.

[Subject] يذوب في [Liquid]

السكر يذوب في الماء.

ذاب قلبي من [Emotion]

ذاب قلبي من الحزن.

أدى [Cause] إلى ذوبان [Subject]

أدت الحرارة إلى ذوبان الجليد.

ذابت [Abstract Noun] في [Context]

ذابت الهوية في المجتمع.

كأنما [Subject] يذوب في [Deep Metaphor]

كأنما الروح تذوب في الأبدية.

Formal

تعتبر [Subject] مادة قابلة للذوبان

تعتبر الأملاح مادة قابلة للذوبان.

Proverb

يذوب [Subject] ويظهر [Result]

يذوب الثلج ويظهر المرج.

語族

名詞

ذوبان (melting)

مذيب (solvent)

مذاب (solute)

ذائبية (solubility)

動詞

أذاب (to melt something - Form IV)

ذوّب (to dissolve something - Form II)

تذوّب (to be dissolved - Form V)

形容詞

ذائب (melted/dissolved)

ذؤوب (constant/persistent - related root nuance)

مذاب (melted/dissolved)

使い方

frequency

Very high in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

よくある間違い

Using 'dhābtu' for 'I melted'. → dhubtu (ذُبْتُ)
In hollow verbs, the long vowel is dropped before a consonant suffix.
Saying 'dhāba al-sukkar al-walad' for 'The boy dissolved the sugar'. → dhawwaba al-walad al-sukkar.
'Dhāba' is intransitive; you need Form II or IV for transitive actions.
Using 'dhāba' for a car's metal melting in a crash. → insahara (انصهر)
'Insahara' is more appropriate for industrial/high-heat melting of metals.
Confusing 'dhāba' with 'dāba' (crawled). → dhāba (ذاب)
The first letter must be Thal (ذ), not Dal (د).
Using 'dhāba' for a contract ending. → fuskha (فُسخ) or halla (حلّ)
'Dhāba' is for physical or emotional melting, not legal dissolution.

ヒント

Hollow Verb Rule

Always remember to drop the middle Alif when conjugating for 'I', 'You', or 'We' in the past tense. It becomes 'dhub-' instead of 'dhāb-'.

Transitive vs Intransitive

Use 'dhāba' when the object is melting by itself. Use 'adhāba' when you are the one melting something.

Metaphor Usage

Don't be afraid to use 'dhāba' for emotions. It's very natural in Arabic to say your heart 'melted' from a story or a sight.

The 'Dh' Sound

Ensure you are making the 'dh' sound (ذ) and not a 'z' or 'd'. It makes a big difference in clarity.

Solubility

In science, use 'qābiliyyat al-dhawabān' to talk about how well something dissolves.

Recipe Reading

In recipes, you will often see 'dhawwib' (melt/dissolve - imperative) rather than 'dhub'.

Breaking the Ice

Use 'idhābat al-jalīd' as a literal translation for 'breaking the ice' in social settings; it works perfectly.

Poetic Intensity

In poetry, 'dhāba' implies a higher level of intensity than just 'fading'; it suggests a total transformation.

Egyptian Slang

In Egypt, 'dāyib' (melted) is a common way to say someone is totally in love.

Root Recognition

Identify the root Dh-W-B to help you understand related words like 'mudhīb' (solvent).

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Dhāba' as 'The butter' (Dha-Ba). When you put butter in a pan, it melts. Dhāba = Melt.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant letter 'Alif' (ا) in the middle of the word 'ذاب' melting into a pool of water because it's too hot.

Word Web

Ice Sugar Heat Love Dissolve Liquid Candle Heart

チャレンジ

Try to use 'dhāba' in three different ways today: once for food, once for weather, and once for a feeling.

語源

From the Proto-Semitic root *ḏwb, which relates to flowing or melting. It is found in other Semitic languages like Hebrew (zuv - to flow).

元の意味： To flow, to become liquid, or to waste away.

Afroasiatic -> Semitic -> Central Semitic -> Arabic.

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but be careful using it for people (e.g., 'he melted') as it can imply dying or wasting away in a tragic sense.

Similar to the English 'heart-melting,' but used more frequently for intense sorrow and longing in Arabic.

The song 'Dhubnā yā Habayib' by various artists. Classical poems by Majnun Layla describing his heart melting. Scientific documentaries on Al-Arabiya about the Arctic.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

In the Kitchen

ذاب السمن
ذوّب الشوكولاتة
السكر لم يذب
تذوب الزبدة

Weather Report

ذوبان الجليد
تذوب الثلوج
ارتفاع الحرارة يذيب
موسم الذوبان

Romance/Poetry

ذاب قلبي
أذوب في حبك
ذاب شوقاً
ذابت الروح

Social Situations

ذاب الجليد بيننا
ذابت الفوارق
ذاب في الزحام
تذوب المشاكل

Science Lab

نقطة الذوبان
مادة قابلة للذوبان
مذيب عضوي
عملية الذوبان

会話のきっかけ

"هل ذاب الثلج في مدينتك هذا الشتاء؟"

"ماذا تفعل إذا ذابت الشوكولاتة في حقيبتك؟"

"هل تشعر أن الجليد قد ذاب بين الزملاء الجدد؟"

"هل تحب الحلويات التي تذوب في الفم؟"

"كيف يمكننا تقليل ذوبان الجليد في القطبين؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن موقف ذاب فيه الجليد بينك وبين شخص كنت تختلف معه.

صف شعورك عندما ترى الثلوج وهي تذوب في فصل الربيع.

ما هي الأشياء التي تجعل قلبك يذوب من الفرح أو التأثر؟

تحدث عن أهمية عملية الذوبان في الكيمياء أو الطبخ.

تخيل أنك قطعة من الجليد تذوب ببطء، ماذا تشعر؟

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, in Arabic, 'dhāba' is used for both phase changes caused by heat (melting) and those caused by a solvent (dissolving). Context usually makes the meaning clear.

You should use Form II 'dhawwabtu al-zubdah' or Form IV 'adhubtu al-zubdah'. Using 'dhubtu' would mean you yourself melted.

Yes, it is understood everywhere, though some dialects prefer 'sāha' for physical melting in everyday speech.

It is 'dhubnā'. Note that the 'a' sound is removed and replaced by a 'u' sound on the first letter.

No, you should use the verb 'halla' (حلّ) for organizations, contracts, or parliaments.

The most common opposite is 'tajammada' (تجمد), which means 'to freeze' or 'to solidify'.

Because the root of the word is Dh-W-B. The Alif in the past tense is a transformation of the original Waw.

The root appears in various forms in Islamic literature, though the specific Form I verb 'dhāba' is more common in hadith and later classical texts.

You can use the phrase 'boutaqat al-dhawabān' (the crucible of melting).

Yes, metaphorically, a sound can 'melt' into the background or into another sound, meaning it fades or blends in.

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