B1 · 中級 チャプター 4

Sharing Concerns, Fears, and Pity

7 トータルルール
71 例文
6

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of empathy by sharing fears, worries, and pity using the Spanish Subjunctive.

  • Express personal fears and worries with verbs like temer and preocupar.
  • Use impersonal expressions to show sadness and regret about situations.
  • Convey annoyance and pity naturally in everyday Spanish conversations.
Connect deeper by sharing what's on your heart.

学べること

Hey there, friend! This chapter is going to be a huge leap forward in your Spanish conversations. You'll learn how to express your deepest emotions, like when you’re worried about a friend or scared of something happening. I know the word “Subjunctive” might sound a bit intimidating, but don't worry! In this chapter, you’ll learn step-by-step how to use this form easily when you're talking about your fears, expressing concern about something, or even when you feel pity for someone. For instance, you’ll be able to say, “I'm scared they’ll do that,” “I’m worried that this will happen,” or “It’s a shame that turned out this way.” You’ll get familiar with phrases like me da miedo que (it scares me that), me preocupa que (it worries me that), es triste que (it's sad that), and me da pena que (I feel bad that), and see how easily you can show your annoyance or disappointment with others' actions. These aren't just fancy words; they're going to turn you into a real Spanish speaker who can empathize with others, talk about their joys and sorrows, and actually use these expressions in daily life. Imagine telling a friend who has an exam, “I’m worried you won’t do well,” or expressing sympathy if someone has a problem, saying, “I’m sorry that happened.” By the end of this chapter, you’ll be able to express your more complex emotions in Spanish more easily than ever before and build deeper connections with Spanish speakers. Ready? Let's go!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Express personal fears using the verb 'temer' and the subjunctive.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'gustar-like' verbs to express worry and fear (preocupar/dar miedo).
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: React to bad news using impersonal expressions of sadness and pity.
  4. 4
    By the end you will be able to: Politely express annoyance or frustration about the actions of others.

チャプターガイド

Overview

Welcome to a pivotal chapter in your journey to mastering Spanish grammar at the B1 Spanish level! This guide is designed to empower you to express a range of deep emotions, moving beyond basic statements to truly connect with others. We’re talking about sharing your concerns in Spanish, articulating your fears in Spanish, and conveying genuine pity in Spanish.
While the word Subjunctive might sound like a complex beast, don't worry! We’ll break down exactly how and when to use it with these emotional expressions, making it feel natural and intuitive.
By learning phrases like me da miedo que (it scares me that), me preocupa que (it worries me that), and es una lástima que (it's a shame that), you’ll unlock a new level of conversational fluency. This isn't just about memorizing rules; it's about gaining the tools to empathize, support, and communicate your feelings effectively, whether you're worried about a friend's exam or disappointed by a situation. Get ready to transform your Spanish into a vibrant, expressive language that truly reflects your personality and allows for deeper, more meaningful interactions.

How This Grammar Works

At the heart of expressing fear, worry, sadness, and pity in Spanish lies the subjunctive mood. These emotional expressions typically trigger the subjunctive in the subordinate clause when the subject feeling the emotion is different from the subject performing the action in the that clause. Let's break down the key phrases and see them in action.
Expressing Fear in Spanish (Subjunctive): When you say me da miedo que (it scares me that), you're indicating a fear about a separate action or state. For example, Me da miedo que no apruebes el examen (It scares me that you won't pass the exam).
Expressing Worry: It Worries Me That... (Preocupar): Similar to fear, me preocupa que (it worries me that) uses the subjunctive. You might say, Me preocupa que lleguen tarde (It worries me that they will arrive late).
Expressing Sadness with Subjunctive (Es triste que): To convey general sadness about a situation, use es triste que. For instance, Es triste que no haya más oportunidades (It's sad that there aren't more opportunities).
Expressing Pity: I'm sorry that... (Dar pena que): This phrase, me da pena que, expresses sorrow or pity. You could say, Me da pena que no puedas venir (I feel bad that you can't come).
Expressing Pity: 'It's a Shame' (Ser Una Lástima): For situations that are truly regrettable, es una lástima que is perfect. Example: Es una lástima que hayan cancelado el concierto (It's a shame that they canceled the concert).
Expressing Annoyance: Me molesta que... (+ Subjunctive): When something bothers you, use me molesta que. For example, Me molesta que siempre llegues tarde (It annoys me that you always arrive late).
Notice how the subjunctive is consistently used for the action that is feared, worried about, regretted, or annoying.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Wrong:
    Me da miedo que no apruebas el examen.
Correct:
Me da miedo que no apruebes el examen.
*Explanation:* After expressions of fear like me da miedo que, the verb in the dependent clause must be in the subjunctive mood, not the indicative. Apruebes is the correct subjunctive form of aprobar for «tú.»
  1. 1Wrong:
    Es una lástima no puedas venir.
Correct:
Es una lástima que no puedas venir.
*Explanation:* It's crucial to include the conjunction que between the main emotional expression (e.g., es una lástima) and the subordinate clause that follows. Forgetting que is a common oversight.
  1. 1Wrong:
    Me molesta que él es tan ruidoso.
Correct:
Me molesta que él sea tan ruidoso.
*Explanation:* When expressing annoyance with me molesta que, the following verb must be in the subjunctive. Sea is the correct present subjunctive form of ser for él/ella/usted.

Real Conversations

A

A

Me preocupa que Laura no haya llegado todavía. (It worries me that Laura hasn't arrived yet.)
B

B

Sí, a mí también me da miedo que le haya pasado algo. (Yes, it also scares me that something might have happened to her.)
A

A

Es una lástima que no tengamos vacaciones este año. (It's a shame that we don't have a vacation this year.)
B

B

Lo sé, me da pena que no podamos ir a la playa. (I know, I feel bad that we can't go to the beach.)
A

A

Me molesta que la gente tire basura en la calle. (It annoys me that people throw trash in the street.)
B

B

Es triste que no piensen en el medio ambiente. (It's sad that they don't think about the environment.)

Quick FAQ

Q

When do I use the subjunctive with expressions of emotion in Spanish?

You use the subjunctive when the main clause expresses an emotion (fear, worry, pity, annoyance, sadness) and the subordinate clause refers to an action or state performed by a *different* subject.

Q

What's the difference between me da pena and es triste?

Me da pena que often implies personal sorrow, pity, or regret felt by the speaker about a specific situation or person. Es triste que is more general, expressing that a situation itself is sad or unfortunate.

Q

Can I use these expressions without que?

Yes, if the subject of the emotional expression and the action are the same, you'd typically use an infinitive without que. For example, Me da miedo volar (It scares me to fly), not Me da miedo que yo vuele.

Q

Are there other ways to express fear in Spanish besides dar miedo?

Absolutely! You can also use tener miedo de que (+ subjunctive), like Tengo miedo de que no llegue a tiempo (I'm afraid that he won't arrive on time), or simply temer que (+ subjunctive).

Cultural Context

In Spanish-speaking cultures, expressing emotions like concern, fear, and pity is very common and often seen as a sign of empathy and genuine connection. These phrases are not just grammatical structures; they are tools for building rapport and showing you care. Using expressions like me preocupa que or me da pena que allows you to navigate social interactions with greater sensitivity and authenticity, making your B1 Spanish sound much more natural and heartfelt.
Don't shy away from using them; they're an integral part of daily communication.

重要な例文 (8)

1

Tengo miedo de que mi madre vea mis notas.

お母さんに成績を見られるのが怖いな。

スペイン語で恐怖を表現する(接続法)
2

Temo que el wifi no funcione durante la reunión.

会議中にWi-Fiが動かなくなるんじゃないかと心配だ。

スペイン語で恐怖を表現する(接続法)
3

Me da miedo que mi móvil se quede sin batería.

携帯のバッテリーがなくなるのが怖いです。

恐怖の表現:「〜が怖い」(Dar miedo que + 接続法)
4

A mi madre le da miedo que yo viaje sola.

母は私が一人旅をするのを怖がっています。

恐怖の表現:「〜が怖い」(Dar miedo que + 接続法)
5

Me preocupa que no estudies para el examen.

あなたが試験勉強をしていないのが心配です。

心配を伝える:〜なのが心配だ (Preocupar)
6

A mi madre le preocupa que yo no coma bien.

母は私がちゃんと食べていないのを心配しています。

心配を伝える:〜なのが心配だ (Preocupar)
7

Es triste que no estés aquí.

あなたがここにいないのは悲しい。

接続法で悲しみを表現する (Es triste que)
8

Me pone triste que pierdas tu tiempo.

あなたが時間を無駄にしているのが悲しい。

接続法で悲しみを表現する (Es triste que)

ヒントとコツ (4)

⚠️

The 'De' Trap

「tener miedo de que」では「de」が必要ですが、「temer que」では不要です。この違いを間違える学習者が多いので気をつけてくださいね!例えば、「彼が来るのが怖い」は
Tengo miedo de que él venga.
ですが、「彼が来るのを恐れる」は
Temo que él venga.
となります。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: スペイン語で恐怖を表現する(接続法)
💡

「Gustar」と同じ感覚で使ってみよう!

文法は「Me gusta」と全く同じです。「コーヒーが好き」と言えるなら、「暗闇が怖い」も言えます。「Me da miedo la oscuridad.」
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 恐怖の表現:「〜が怖い」(Dar miedo que + 接続法)
🎯

「Gustar」と同じように考えよう

「Me gusta」の使い方が分かっていれば、もう90%は大丈夫です。動詞を入れ替えて「que」を足すだけですよ!「Me gusta el café.」と「Me preocupa el examen.」は似ていますね。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 心配を伝える:〜なのが心配だ (Preocupar)
💡

橋渡し役の「que」

悲しい気持ちと、その原因となる行動や状況を繋ぐ「que」という言葉を忘れないでくださいね。これは必須の橋渡し役です。「Es triste que no estés aquí.」
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 接続法で悲しみを表現する (Es triste que)

重要な語彙 (7)

el miedo fear la preocupación worry/concern la pena pity/sorrow la lástima shame/pity molesto/a annoying/bothersome temer to fear triste sad

Real-World Preview

plane

The Missed Flight

heart-pulse

Supporting a Sick Friend

Review Summary

  • Temo que + [Subjunctive]
  • Me da miedo que + [Subjunctive]
  • Me preocupa que + [Subjunctive]
  • Me molesta que + [Subjunctive]

よくある間違い

Learners often use the indicative (está) instead of the subjunctive (esté). Emotional triggers always require subjunctive.

Wrong: Me preocupa que él está enfermo.
正解: Me preocupa que él esté enfermo.

In English, we can omit 'that', but in Spanish, the 'que' is mandatory to connect the emotion to the action.

Wrong: Es triste tú no vengas.
正解: Es triste QUE tú no vengas.

Using 'lo' instead of 'le'. Verbs like 'dar pena' or 'preocupar' use indirect object pronouns (me, te, le, nos, os, les).

Wrong: Lo da pena que él llore.
正解: Le da pena que él llore.

このチャプターのルール (7)

Next Steps

You've just unlocked a huge part of your personality in Spanish. Being able to share your fears and pity makes you a much more empathetic and real communicator. Keep practicing these heart-centered expressions!

Write 3 things that annoy you about modern technology using 'Me molesta que'.

Call a friend and practice saying 'Es una lástima que...' about a recent news event.

クイック練習 (10)

正しい接続法形を埋めてください。

Tengo miedo de que tú no ___ (venir) a la fiesta.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: vengas
主語が「私」と「あなた」で異なるため、接続法「vengas」を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: スペイン語で恐怖を表現する(接続法)

文法的に正しい文を選んでください。

心配を表現する正しい方法を選んでください:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Me preocupa que tú estés mal.
「gustar」スタイルの構文(Me preocupa)と「que」+接続法(estés)を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 心配を伝える:〜なのが心配だ (Preocupar)

文法的に正しい文を選んでください。

悲しみを正しく表現している文を選んでください:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Me pone triste que tú vengas.
「vengas」は主語「tú」に対する「venir」の正しい接続法です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 接続法で悲しみを表現する (Es triste que)

「comer」の正しい接続法で空欄を埋めてください。

Es triste que Juan no ___ saludable.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: coma
「Es triste que」の後には接続法を使います。「Juan」が主語なので「coma」を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 接続法で悲しみを表現する (Es triste que)

正しく不満を表現している文を選んでください。

正しい選択肢を選んでください:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Me molesta que comas mi comida.
感情をつなぐために「que」が必要で、感情の影響で「comas」(接続法)を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: イライラを表現する:Me molesta que... (+ 接続法)

文中の間違いを見つけて修正してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

Me preocupa que mi hermano no trabaja.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Me preocupa que mi hermano no trabaje.
感情を表す表現の後に続くため、動詞「trabajar」は接続法(「trabaje」)でなければなりません。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 心配を伝える:〜なのが心配だ (Preocupar)

間違いを見つけて修正してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

Temo que el examen es difícil.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Temo que el examen sea difícil.
動詞「temer」は直説法「es」ではなく、接続法「sea」を伴います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: スペイン語で恐怖を表現する(接続法)

この文の間違いを見つけて修正してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

Me da pena que no hay café.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Me da pena que no haya café.
感情表現の後に続くため、動詞「hay」は接続法「haya」に変わらなければなりません。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 同情を伝える:〜なのが残念だ (Dar pena que)

残念な気持ちを正しく表している文はどれですか?

正しい文を選んでください:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Es una pena que el café esté frío.
女性名詞なので「una」が必要で、動詞は接続法の「esté」を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 残念な気持ちを伝える:「残念だ」(Ser Una Lástima)

正しい文を選んでください。

Choose the grammatically correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Me da miedo que llueva.
「llueva」は動詞「llover」(雨が降る)の正しい接続法です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 恐怖の表現:「〜が怖い」(Dar miedo que + 接続法)

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

はい、スペイン語では、主語が変わる場合、恐怖、喜び、悲しみ、驚きなど、ほとんど全ての感情を表す動詞が接続法を伴います。恐怖はその大きなルールの一部なんです。「Me alegro de que vengas.」(君が来てくれて嬉しい)のように使いますよ。
ネイティブスピーカーはそれでも理解してくれますが、少し不完全に聞こえます。自然に話すためには、ちゃんと「de」を入れるのがベストです。「Tengo miedo que llueva.」よりも「Tengo miedo de que llueva.」の方が自然です。
はい、もちろん使えますよ!「Me da miedo el perro」(犬が怖い)や「Me dan miedo los payasos」(ピエロが怖い)のように言えます。単純な名詞の場合は接続法は必要ありません。
「怖い」の後に完全な文(主語と動詞)が続く場合にのみ必要です。もし「運転する」のような単一の行動だけなら、不定詞を使います。「Me da miedo conducir.」
はい、できますよ!ただし、「que」も動詞も続かない場合です。例えば、「Me preocupa el dinero.」(お金が心配だ)という文は、接続法なしで全く問題ありません。
それは「preocupar」が感情を表す動詞だからです。スペイン語では、ある行動に対して感情を抱くとき、その行動の動詞は接続法という「ムード」に変わるんです。「Me preocupa que no vengas.」(あなたが来ないのが心配だ)のように、感情が動詞の形を変えるんですね。