B1 · 중급 챕터 4

Sharing Concerns, Fears, and Pity

7 총 규칙
71 예문
6 분
이 챕터의 규칙 빠른 연습

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of empathy by sharing fears, worries, and pity using the Spanish Subjunctive.

  • Express personal fears and worries with verbs like temer and preocupar.
  • Use impersonal expressions to show sadness and regret about situations.
  • Convey annoyance and pity naturally in everyday Spanish conversations.
Connect deeper by sharing what's on your heart.

배울 내용

Hey there, friend! This chapter is going to be a huge leap forward in your Spanish conversations. You'll learn how to express your deepest emotions, like when you’re worried about a friend or scared of something happening. I know the word “Subjunctive” might sound a bit intimidating, but don't worry! In this chapter, you’ll learn step-by-step how to use this form easily when you're talking about your fears, expressing concern about something, or even when you feel pity for someone. For instance, you’ll be able to say, “I'm scared they’ll do that,” “I’m worried that this will happen,” or “It’s a shame that turned out this way.” You’ll get familiar with phrases like me da miedo que (it scares me that), me preocupa que (it worries me that), es triste que (it's sad that), and me da pena que (I feel bad that), and see how easily you can show your annoyance or disappointment with others' actions. These aren't just fancy words; they're going to turn you into a real Spanish speaker who can empathize with others, talk about their joys and sorrows, and actually use these expressions in daily life. Imagine telling a friend who has an exam, “I’m worried you won’t do well,” or expressing sympathy if someone has a problem, saying, “I’m sorry that happened.” By the end of this chapter, you’ll be able to express your more complex emotions in Spanish more easily than ever before and build deeper connections with Spanish speakers. Ready? Let's go!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Express personal fears using the verb 'temer' and the subjunctive.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'gustar-like' verbs to express worry and fear (preocupar/dar miedo).
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: React to bad news using impersonal expressions of sadness and pity.
  4. 4
    By the end you will be able to: Politely express annoyance or frustration about the actions of others.

챕터 가이드

Overview

Welcome to a pivotal chapter in your journey to mastering Spanish grammar at the B1 Spanish level! This guide is designed to empower you to express a range of deep emotions, moving beyond basic statements to truly connect with others. We’re talking about sharing your concerns in Spanish, articulating your fears in Spanish, and conveying genuine pity in Spanish.
While the word Subjunctive might sound like a complex beast, don't worry! We’ll break down exactly how and when to use it with these emotional expressions, making it feel natural and intuitive.
By learning phrases like me da miedo que (it scares me that), me preocupa que (it worries me that), and es una lástima que (it's a shame that), you’ll unlock a new level of conversational fluency. This isn't just about memorizing rules; it's about gaining the tools to empathize, support, and communicate your feelings effectively, whether you're worried about a friend's exam or disappointed by a situation. Get ready to transform your Spanish into a vibrant, expressive language that truly reflects your personality and allows for deeper, more meaningful interactions.

How This Grammar Works

At the heart of expressing fear, worry, sadness, and pity in Spanish lies the subjunctive mood. These emotional expressions typically trigger the subjunctive in the subordinate clause when the subject feeling the emotion is different from the subject performing the action in the that clause. Let's break down the key phrases and see them in action.
Expressing Fear in Spanish (Subjunctive): When you say me da miedo que (it scares me that), you're indicating a fear about a separate action or state. For example, Me da miedo que no apruebes el examen (It scares me that you won't pass the exam).
Expressing Worry: It Worries Me That... (Preocupar): Similar to fear, me preocupa que (it worries me that) uses the subjunctive. You might say, Me preocupa que lleguen tarde (It worries me that they will arrive late).
Expressing Sadness with Subjunctive (Es triste que): To convey general sadness about a situation, use es triste que. For instance, Es triste que no haya más oportunidades (It's sad that there aren't more opportunities).
Expressing Pity: I'm sorry that... (Dar pena que): This phrase, me da pena que, expresses sorrow or pity. You could say, Me da pena que no puedas venir (I feel bad that you can't come).
Expressing Pity: 'It's a Shame' (Ser Una Lástima): For situations that are truly regrettable, es una lástima que is perfect. Example: Es una lástima que hayan cancelado el concierto (It's a shame that they canceled the concert).
Expressing Annoyance: Me molesta que... (+ Subjunctive): When something bothers you, use me molesta que. For example, Me molesta que siempre llegues tarde (It annoys me that you always arrive late).
Notice how the subjunctive is consistently used for the action that is feared, worried about, regretted, or annoying.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Me da miedo que no apruebas el examen.
✓ Correct:
Me da miedo que no apruebes el examen.
*Explanation:* After expressions of fear like me da miedo que, the verb in the dependent clause must be in the subjunctive mood, not the indicative. Apruebes is the correct subjunctive form of aprobar for «tú.»
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Es una lástima no puedas venir.
✓ Correct:
Es una lástima que no puedas venir.
*Explanation:* It's crucial to include the conjunction que between the main emotional expression (e.g., es una lástima) and the subordinate clause that follows. Forgetting que is a common oversight.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Me molesta que él es tan ruidoso.
✓ Correct:
Me molesta que él sea tan ruidoso.
*Explanation:* When expressing annoyance with me molesta que, the following verb must be in the subjunctive. Sea is the correct present subjunctive form of ser for él/ella/usted.

Real Conversations

A

A

Me preocupa que Laura no haya llegado todavía. (It worries me that Laura hasn't arrived yet.)
B

B

Sí, a mí también me da miedo que le haya pasado algo. (Yes, it also scares me that something might have happened to her.)
A

A

Es una lástima que no tengamos vacaciones este año. (It's a shame that we don't have a vacation this year.)
B

B

Lo sé, me da pena que no podamos ir a la playa. (I know, I feel bad that we can't go to the beach.)
A

A

Me molesta que la gente tire basura en la calle. (It annoys me that people throw trash in the street.)
B

B

Es triste que no piensen en el medio ambiente. (It's sad that they don't think about the environment.)

Quick FAQ

Q

When do I use the subjunctive with expressions of emotion in Spanish?

You use the subjunctive when the main clause expresses an emotion (fear, worry, pity, annoyance, sadness) and the subordinate clause refers to an action or state performed by a *different* subject.

Q

What's the difference between me da pena and es triste?

Me da pena que often implies personal sorrow, pity, or regret felt by the speaker about a specific situation or person. Es triste que is more general, expressing that a situation itself is sad or unfortunate.

Q

Can I use these expressions without que?

Yes, if the subject of the emotional expression and the action are the same, you'd typically use an infinitive without que. For example, Me da miedo volar (It scares me to fly), not Me da miedo que yo vuele.

Q

Are there other ways to express fear in Spanish besides dar miedo?

Absolutely! You can also use tener miedo de que (+ subjunctive), like Tengo miedo de que no llegue a tiempo (I'm afraid that he won't arrive on time), or simply temer que (+ subjunctive).

Cultural Context

In Spanish-speaking cultures, expressing emotions like concern, fear, and pity is very common and often seen as a sign of empathy and genuine connection. These phrases are not just grammatical structures; they are tools for building rapport and showing you care. Using expressions like me preocupa que or me da pena que allows you to navigate social interactions with greater sensitivity and authenticity, making your B1 Spanish sound much more natural and heartfelt.
Don't shy away from using them; they're an integral part of daily communication.

주요 예문 (4)

1

Me preocupa que no estudies para el examen.

It worries me that you aren't studying for the exam.

걱정 표현하기: ~해서 걱정돼요 (Preocupar)
2

A mi madre le preocupa que yo no coma bien.

It worries my mother that I don't eat well.

걱정 표현하기: ~해서 걱정돼요 (Preocupar)
3

Es triste que no estés aquí.

네가 여기 없어서 슬퍼.

접속법으로 슬픔 표현하기 (Es triste que)
4

Me pone triste que pierdas tu tiempo.

네가 시간을 낭비하는 게 나를 슬프게 해.

접속법으로 슬픔 표현하기 (Es triste que)

팁과 요령 (4)

⚠️

'De'를 잊지 마세요!

원어민들도 자주 틀리지만,
Tener miedo de que
는 'de'가 꼭 필요해요. 반면 Temer que는 바로 'que'가 오니까 헷갈리지 마세요! Temo que llueva.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어로 공포 표현하기 (접속법)
💡

Gustar 동사처럼 생각하기

이 문법은 'me gusta'와 완전히 똑같아요. 커피가 좋으면
Me gusta el café
, 어둠이 무서우면
Me da miedo la oscuridad
라고 하면 돼요.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 두려움 표현하기: '~가 무서워요' (Dar miedo que)
💡

Check the subject

Always check if the subject of the first and second verb is the same. If it is, use the infinitive!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 걱정 표현하기: ~해서 걱정돼요 (Preocupar)
💡

연결 다리 'que'

슬픈 감정과 뒤에 오는 행동을 연결할 때 'que'는 절대 빼먹으면 안 되는 필수 다리예요.
Es triste que no estés aquí.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 접속법으로 슬픔 표현하기 (Es triste que)

핵심 어휘 (7)

el miedo fear la preocupación worry/concern la pena pity/sorrow la lástima shame/pity molesto/a annoying/bothersome temer to fear triste sad

Real-World Preview

plane

The Missed Flight

heart-pulse

Supporting a Sick Friend

Review Summary

  • Temo que + [Subjunctive]
  • Me da miedo que + [Subjunctive]
  • Me preocupa que + [Subjunctive]
  • Me molesta que + [Subjunctive]

자주 하는 실수

Learners often use the indicative (está) instead of the subjunctive (esté). Emotional triggers always require subjunctive.

Wrong: Me preocupa que él está enfermo.
정답: Me preocupa que él esté enfermo.

In English, we can omit 'that', but in Spanish, the 'que' is mandatory to connect the emotion to the action.

Wrong: Es triste tú no vengas.
정답: Es triste QUE tú no vengas.

Using 'lo' instead of 'le'. Verbs like 'dar pena' or 'preocupar' use indirect object pronouns (me, te, le, nos, os, les).

Wrong: Lo da pena que él llore.
정답: Le da pena que él llore.

이 챕터의 규칙 (7)

1

스페인어로 공포 표현하기 (접속법)

B1
다른 사람의 행동이나 상황이 걱정될 때는 que 다음에 꼭 Subjuntivo(접속법)를 써주세요!
tener miedo de que
, temer que 같은 표현들이 핵심 도구예요.
Tengo miedo de que mi madre vea mis notas.
10 예문
2

두려움 표현하기: '~가 무서워요' (Dar miedo que)

B1
누군가의 행동이 나를 무섭게 할 땐 me da miedo 뒤에 que와 «접속법»을 연결해서 마음을 표현해 보세요.
Me da miedo que mi móvil se quede sin batería.
11 예문
3

걱정 표현하기: ~해서 걱정돼요 (Preocupar)

B1
Express concern by using an indirect pronoun + preocupa que followed by a verb in the Subjunctive mood.
Me preocupa que no estudies para el examen.
10 예문
4

접속법으로 슬픔 표현하기 (Es triste que)

B1
다른 사람이나 상황 때문에 슬플 때는 que 뒤에 꼭 접속법을 써야 해요. Es triste que나
Me da pena que
같은 표현이 보이면 접속법을 준비하세요!
Es triste que no estés aquí.
10 예문
5

안타까움 표현하기: ~해서 아쉬워요 (Dar pena que)

B1
상대방의 상황에 공감하며
me da pena que
뒤에 «접속법»을 붙여서 따뜻한 마음을 전해보세요.
Me da pena que no puedas venir a la fiesta.
10 예문
6

유감 표현하기: '~라니 아쉽다' (Ser Una Lástima)

B1
아쉬움을 표현할 땐
Es una lástima que
뒤에 «접속법»을 사용하는 것만 기억하면 완벽해요!
Es una lástima que no puedas venir a la fiesta est...
10 예문
7

짜증 표현하기: Me molesta que... (+ 접속법)

B1
내 감정(Me molesta)이 다른 사람의 행동(«que...»)에 반응할 때, 뒤에 오는 동사의 모음을 바꿔서 접속법으로 만들어주세요.
Me molesta que leas mis mensajes y no contestes.
10 예문

Next Steps

You've just unlocked a huge part of your personality in Spanish. Being able to share your fears and pity makes you a much more empathetic and real communicator. Keep practicing these heart-centered expressions!

Write 3 things that annoy you about modern technology using 'Me molesta que'.

Call a friend and practice saying 'Es una lástima que...' about a recent news event.

Continue to: Doubt, Denial, and Uncertainty

빠른 연습 (10)

틀린 부분을 찾아 바르게 고쳐보세요.

Temo que el examen es difícil.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Temo que el examen sea difícil.
'Temer' 동사는 'de' 없이 'que'를 바로 쓰고, 뒤에는 접속법 'sea'를 사용합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어로 공포 표현하기 (접속법)

Find the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Me preocupa que ellos no tienen dinero.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: d
Should be 'tengan'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 걱정 표현하기: ~해서 걱정돼요 (Preocupar)

문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고쳐보세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Es una pena que nosotros no trabajamos hoy.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Es una pena que nosotros no trabajemos hoy.
직설법 'trabajamos'를 접속법 'trabajemos'로 바꿔야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 접속법으로 슬픔 표현하기 (Es triste que)

'comer'의 알맞은 접속법 형태를 빈칸에 채워보세요.

Es triste que Juan no ___ saludable.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: coma
'Es triste que' 뒤에는 접속법을 써야 해요. 주어가 'Juan'이므로 'coma'가 정답입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 접속법으로 슬픔 표현하기 (Es triste que)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Subjunctive is required.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 걱정 표현하기: ~해서 걱정돼요 (Preocupar)

빈칸에 알맞은 접속법 형태를 채워보세요.

Me molesta que tú ___ (hablar) durante la película.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: hables
'molesta que'가 접속법을 부르고, 주어가 'tú'이므로 -ar를 -es로 바꿉니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 짜증 표현하기: Me molesta que... (+ 접속법)

Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb.

Me preocupa que tú ___ (llegar) tarde.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Subjunctive required after 'Me preocupa que'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 걱정 표현하기: ~해서 걱정돼요 (Preocupar)

다음 중 문법적으로 올바른 문장을 고르세요.

어떤 문장이 맞을까요?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Tengo miedo de que el perro muerda.
'Tener miedo'는 'de que'와 함께 쓰이며, 뒤에는 접속법 'muerda'가 와야 자연스러워요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 스페인어로 공포 표현하기 (접속법)

이 문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고쳐보세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Me molesta que vives tan lejos.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Change 'vives' to 'vivas'
'Me molesta que' 뒤에는 'vivir'의 접속법 형태인 'vivas'가 와야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 짜증 표현하기: Me molesta que... (+ 접속법)

문법적으로 올바른 문장을 고르세요.

슬픔을 표현하는 올바른 문장은?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Me pone triste que tú vengas.
'venir' 동사의 'tú'에 대한 접속법 형태는 'vengas'입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 접속법으로 슬픔 표현하기 (Es triste que)

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

네! 스페인어에서는 두려움, 기쁨, 슬픔 같은 감정을 말할 때 주어가 바뀌면 접속법을 써요.
Me alegra que estés aquí
처럼 기쁨을 말할 때도 똑같답니다.
원어민들이 이해는 하겠지만, 문장이 약간 덜 끝난 느낌을 줄 수 있어요. 자연스럽게 들리려면
Tengo miedo de que...
라고 꼭 넣어주세요.
네, 당연하죠!
Me da miedo el perro
나
Me dan miedo los payasos
처럼 쓸 수 있어요. 명사만 올 때는 접속법이 필요 없답니다.
무서운 대상이 '행동'이고 주어가 바뀔 때만 써요. 내가 직접 운전하는 게 무섭다면 동사원형을 써서
Me da miedo conducir
라고 하면 돼요.
Because the thing that worries you is the subject. 'It worries me' = 'Me preocupa'.
No, when expressing emotion, the subjunctive is mandatory.
이전 챕터
Expressing Feelings and Reactions
다음 챕터
Doubt, Denial, and Uncertainty
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