When something is 短的 (duǎn de), it means it's short in length. Think of a short pencil or a short story. This adjective helps describe the physical length of things.
For example, if you say “我的头发很短的” (Wǒ de tóufà hěn duǎn de), it means “My hair is very short.” Or, “这条裤子太短的” (Zhè tiáo kùzi tài duǎn de) means “These pants are too short.”
When we describe something that is short in length, like a short pencil or a short street, we use
短的 (duǎn de)
. For example, if you say“这条路很短的” (Zhè tiáo lù hěn duǎn de)
, it means “This road is very short.”You can also use it to describe something that is not long in duration, such as
“短的会” (duǎn de huì)
for “a short meeting.” It’s a straightforward adjective, much like “short” in English.知っておくべき文法
短的 (duǎn de) is an adjective, often followed by a noun. It describes something as being short in length.
这条裙子太短了。(Zhè tiáo qúnzi tài duǎn le.) This skirt is too short.
It can be used in comparison with other adjectives to indicate 'shorter' or 'the shortest.'
我的头发比你的短。(Wǒ de tóufa bǐ nǐ de duǎn.) My hair is shorter than yours.
短的 can be used with degree adverbs like 很 (hěn - very), 太 (tài - too), 非常 (fēicháng - extremely) to express different levels of shortness.
这支铅笔很短。(Zhè zhī qiānbǐ hěn duǎn.) This pencil is very short.
It can be used to describe time, meaning 'short' or 'brief.'
这段时间很短。(Zhè duàn shíjiān hěn duǎn.) This period of time is very short.
When 短 is used alone as a predicate, the particle 的 is often omitted, especially in informal speech.
这件衣服短。(Zhè jiàn yīfu duǎn.) This piece of clothing is short.
レベル別の例文
我的头发很短的。
My hair is very short.
这条裙子太短了。
This skirt is too short.
我喜欢短的铅笔。
I like short pencils.
他有一条短的狗。
He has a short dog.
这件衣服袖子有点短的。
The sleeves of this shirt are a bit short.
我们的假期很短的。
Our vacation is very short.
这条路很短的。
This road is very short.
我需要一个短的休息。
I need a short break.
我喜欢穿短裤。
I like wearing shorts.
这条河很短。
This river is very short.
他的头发短了。
His hair got short.
我们只有很短的时间完成任务。
We only have a very short time to complete the task.
她写了一封短信。
She wrote a short letter.
这部电影很短，一个小时就看完了。
This movie is very short, finished in an hour.
那个故事的结局太短了。
The ending of that story is too short.
这双鞋子的尺码有点短。
The size of these shoes is a bit short.
这本书太长了，我需要一本短的。
This book is too long; I need a short one.
我喜欢短发的女孩。
I like girls with short hair.
这条裙子有点短，我想换一件长的。
This skirt is a bit short; I want to change to a longer one.
他只说了几句短的话，就离开了。
He only said a few short words and then left.
这个周末我们有一个短途旅行的计划。
We have a plan for a short trip this weekend.
虽然时间很短，但我们玩得很开心。
Although the time was short, we had a great time.
这篇短文只有200字。
This short essay only has 200 words.
人生苦短，及时行乐。
Life is short, enjoy it while you can.
使い方
Usage Notes for 短的 (duǎnde):
- Basic Meaning: 短的 (duǎnde) means "short" in terms of length or duration.
- Adjective Form: It's an adjective and can be used directly before a noun, often with 的 (de), or after a linking verb like 是 (shì).
- Opposite: The opposite of 短的 (duǎnde) is 长的 (chángde) which means "long".
Examples:
- 这条裤子太短了。(Zhè tiáo kùzi tài duǎn le.) - These pants are too short.
- 他头发很短。(Tā tóufa hěn duǎn.) - His hair is very short.
- 这是一个短的故事。(Zhè shì yī ge duǎnde gùshi.) - This is a short story.
- 这次旅行时间很短。(Zhè cì lǚxíng shíjiān hěn duǎn.) - The travel time this trip is very short.
Common Mistakes with 短的 (duǎnde):
- Confusing with 矮的 (ǎide): While both mean "short", 短的 (duǎnde) is for length or duration, whereas 矮的 (ǎide) is for height (e.g., a short person, a short building).
- Incorrect omission of 的 (de): While 的 (de) can sometimes be omitted with common adjectives, it's generally safer and more natural to include it when describing a noun, especially for learners.
Examples of Mistakes & Corrections:
- Mistake: 这个人很短。(Zhège rén hěn duǎn.) - This person is very short (in length).
- Correction: 这个人很矮。(Zhège rén hěn ǎi.) - This person is very short (in height).
- Mistake: 我喜欢短裙子。(Wǒ xǐhuan duǎn qúnzi.) - I like short skirt (grammatically a bit clunky for a learner).
- Correction: 我喜欢短的裙子。(Wǒ xǐhuan duǎnde qúnzi.) - I like short skirts. (More natural for learners)
自分をテスト 24 問
This sentence means 'These pants are very short'. The correct order is '这条 (this) 裤子 (pants) 很 (very) 短 (short)'.
This sentence means 'Her hair is very short'. The correct order is '她的 (her) 头发 (hair) 很 (very) 短 (short)'.
This sentence means 'This skirt is not short'. The correct order is '这条 (this) 裙子 (skirt) 不 (not) 短 (short)'.
Choose the best translation for: '这条裙子有点短。'
The sentence means 'This dress is a bit short.' '裙子' means dress or skirt. '有点' means a bit or somewhat. '短的' means short.
Which sentence correctly uses '短的'?
When describing hair, it's more natural to say '短发' (short hair) as a compound noun, or '他的头发很短' (his hair is very short). '一头' is a measure word for hair. While '短的头发' is grammatically understandable, '短发' is more idiomatic.
What is the opposite of '短的'?
'长的' (cháng de) means long, which is the direct opposite of '短的' (short).
A '短裤' (duǎnkù) means long pants.
'短裤' (duǎnkù) literally means 'short pants' or 'shorts'. '短' means short and '裤' means pants.
You can use '短的' to describe a short person.
While '短的' means short in length, it is not used to describe a person's height. For a person's height, you would use '矮的' (ǎi de).
If something is '短的', it means it doesn't take much time.
Besides physical length, '短的' can also refer to a short duration of time. For example, '短时间' (duǎn shíjiān) means a short time.
Listen for '这条裤子太短了，我不喜欢。' (This pair of pants is too short, I don't like it.)
Listen for '他的头发剪得很短。' (His hair is cut very short.)
Listen for '夏天我喜欢穿短袖衬衫。' (In summer, I like to wear short-sleeved shirts.)
Read this aloud:
那条裙子有点短。
Focus: 短 (duǎn)
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
我觉得这个故事太短了，可以再长一点吗？
Focus: 短 (duǎn), 可以 (kěyǐ)
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
我的假期很短，只有三天。
Focus: 短 (duǎn), 只有 (zhǐyǒu)
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
这位作家的文笔向来以简洁凝练著称，从不写那些冗长而___的句子。
这里的“短的”是反语，指冗长而没有实质内容。整个句子强调作家文笔的简洁有力，与冗长形成对比。
面对如此复杂的问题，如果只是用几句___的话敷衍了事，恐怕难以服众。
“短的”在此处指简短、肤浅的言辞，与“敷衍了事”和“难以服众”相呼应。
她的人生虽然___，却充满了传奇色彩，留下了许多令人津津乐道的故事。
“短的”在这里表示人生的长度，与“传奇色彩”形成对比，强调其虽然生命短暂却内容丰富。
这部电影的剧本太过单薄，人物塑造也___，很难引起观众的共鸣。
“短的”此处引申为单薄、不丰满，形容人物塑造缺乏深度和细节。
历史的进程往往不是一蹴而就的，___的辉煌背后，是无数次的尝试与失败。
“短的”此处表示短暂、瞬间的，与“无数次的尝试与失败”形成对比，强调辉煌的来之不易。
在追求艺术的道路上，他从未停歇，即使面临着资金___的困境，也依然坚持创作。
“短的”在这里表示资金的短缺、不足，与“困境”和“坚持创作”相呼应。
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