辞める means to voluntarily end a job, role, or ongoing activity.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Used when quitting a job or resigning from a position.
- Indicates voluntarily ending a habit or a membership.
- Commonly used in both professional and casual daily life.
概要:辞めるは、ある状態や活動、役割を自発的に終了させる際によく使われる動詞です。主にビジネスや学校、趣味の活動など、一定期間継続していたことを断ち切るというニュアンスが強いです。
- 1使用パターン:基本的には「〜を辞める」という形で、目的語を伴います。対象となるのは、職務(仕事、会社)、所属(部活、サークル)、あるいは習慣(たばこ、お酒)など多岐にわたります。意志を持って「終わらせる」という点が重要です。
- 1一般的な文脈:最も一般的なのは「会社を辞める」という表現です。これは退職や転職の文脈で使われます。また、学校を卒業するのではなく、何らかの理由で途中で退学する場合も「学校を辞める」と言います。日常会話では、ダイエットや禁煙など、今まで続けていた習慣を断つときにも使用されます。
- 1類似語との比較:「やめる(止める・辞める)」は漢字によって意味が分かれます。「止める」は動作の一時停止や中止(例:雨がやむ、機械を止める)を指すのに対し、「辞める」は職や役割からの離脱に特化しています。「退職する」は「辞める」よりも硬い表現で、履歴書や公式な場では「退職」が好まれます。
Examples
来月、会社を辞める予定です。
everydayI plan to quit my job next month.
一身上の都合により退職いたします。
formalI am resigning due to personal reasons.
もうこの部活、辞めたいんだ。
informalI want to quit this club already.
彼は研究を辞める決意をした。
academicHe decided to quit his research.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
辞める覚悟
prepared to resign
辞める理由
reason for quitting
Often Confused With
Used for stopping a physical action or a machine. It does not carry the meaning of resigning from a position.
Means to give up on a goal or hope. It is a psychological state rather than leaving a position.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The verb 辞める is neutral but can sound blunt in professional settings. Always use 退職(taishoku) when speaking to superiors or writing formal documents. Hiragana 'やめる' is safer for general activities like sports or habits.
Common Mistakes
Beginners often use 止める instead of 辞める for jobs. Remember that 辞める is strictly for roles and jobs. Also, ensure you use the correct verb conjugation depending on the sentence tense.
Tips
Use Kanji for Jobs and Roles
Use the kanji 辞める specifically when talking about quitting a job or resigning from a position. For habits like smoking, hiragana is preferred.
Formal Situations Require Caution
While 辞める is correct, in formal business settings, use the word 退職(taishoku) to sound more professional when informing your employer.
Resignation in Japanese Culture
Resigning is often a sensitive topic. It is customary to provide notice well in advance to maintain good relations with your employer.
Word Origin
The kanji 辞 originates from a character representing speech and a tool, implying 'to decline or refuse via words'. Over time, it evolved to mean leaving a position.
Cultural Context
Resigning from a company in Japan is a significant life event. It involves strict etiquette, such as writing a formal letter and ensuring a smooth transition of tasks.
Memory Tip
Think of '辭' (the kanji origin) as a person leaving a speech or role. It sounds like 'yameru', which implies 'you are moving' away from your current desk.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions「辞める」は主に仕事や役割を離れる際に使います。一方、「止める」は動作や機械の停止、あるいは禁止の意味で使われることが多いです。
日常会話では問題ありませんが、上司に伝える際は「退職いたします」という謙譲表現を使うのが丁寧です。
「辞める」以外の「中止する」や「習慣を断つ」という意味では、ひらがなで書くのが一般的です。文脈に応じて使い分けましょう。
はい、その通りです。卒業するのではなく、自分の意志で途中で退学することを指します。
Test Yourself
来月、今の会社を___ことになりました。
職業や所属から離れる場合は「辞める」の漢字を使います。
Score: /1
Summary
辞める means to voluntarily end a job, role, or ongoing activity.
- Used when quitting a job or resigning from a position.
- Indicates voluntarily ending a habit or a membership.
- Commonly used in both professional and casual daily life.
Use Kanji for Jobs and Roles
Use the kanji 辞める specifically when talking about quitting a job or resigning from a position. For habits like smoking, hiragana is preferred.
Formal Situations Require Caution
While 辞める is correct, in formal business settings, use the word 退職(taishoku) to sound more professional when informing your employer.
Resignation in Japanese Culture
Resigning is often a sensitive topic. It is customary to provide notice well in advance to maintain good relations with your employer.
Examples
4 of 4来月、会社を辞める予定です。
I plan to quit my job next month.
一身上の都合により退職いたします。
I am resigning due to personal reasons.
もうこの部活、辞めたいんだ。
I want to quit this club already.
彼は研究を辞める決意をした。
He decided to quit his research.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Grammar Rules
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Related Vocabulary
More work words
調整
A1The act of making small changes to something to achieve a desired fit, function, or balance. In a work context, it specifically refers to coordinating schedules or aligning different opinions to reach an agreement.
有利な
B1Advantageous or favorable.
承知する
B1To acknowledge, agree; to be aware of and consent to something.
年収
B1Annual income; yearly salary.
応募
B1To apply for a position, a competition, a prize, or a public offer. It indicates a proactive step to participate in something.
応募する
B1To apply for a job or position.
勤怠
B1Attendance record; presence or absence from work.
係員
A2Person in charge; attendant.
~と同時に
B1At the same time as, simultaneously with.
ぎんこういん
A2Bank employee.