Voz Passiva: A troca por 'Shodan'
kardan pela forma conjugada de shodan.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Turn active sentences into passive by using the past participle of the main verb + the conjugated verb 'shodan'.
- Take the past participle of the main verb: 'naveshtan' -> 'neveshte'.
- Add the appropriate conjugation of 'shodan' (to become): 'neveshte shod'.
- The original subject is either omitted or introduced with 'tavasot-e' (by).
Overview
Bem-vindo ao mundo dos verbos passivos em persa! Em português, a voz passiva comfoi feito
ou se fez" é comum. Em persa, é surpreendentemente lógico, quase como trocar uma bateria.Eu postei a fotoe
A foto foi postada.
How This Grammar Works
kardan (fazer) é o motor de 90% dos verbos persas? Como kār kardan (trabalhar) ou tamiz kardan (limpar)? Bem, para transformar essas ações ativas em eventos passivos, você simplesmente demite o kardan e contrata o shodan (tornar-se/ficar).shodan como o ficar ou ser. Quando você diz tamiz kardan, você limpa. Quando diz tamiz shodan, o objeto *fica* limpo ou *é* limpo. Não precisa decorar uma tabela nova. Se sabe conjugar shodan, pode fazer o passivo de quase qualquer verbo composto.Formation Pattern
da'vat de da'vat kardan).
kardan.
Shodan: Coloque shodan como novo auxiliar.
shodan para o novo sujeito.
Palavra Não-Verbal + shodan (conjugado)
man nāmeh-rā ersāl kardam (Eu enviei a carta).
nāmeh ersāl shod (A carta foi enviada).
When To Use It
- Quando o
Autoré desconhecido:Minha carteira foi roubada
(kifam dozdi shod). - Evitar culpa:
O vaso quebrou(goldān shekaste shod). - Anúncios formais:
O voo foi cancelado
(parvāz cancel shod). - Tecnologia:
Mensagem enviada(payām ersāl shod).
Common Mistakes
- Confundir Estado vs. Ação:
bāz shod= Abriu-se (Ação).bāz bud= Estava aberto (Estado).
budan (estar) se descreve o evento.- Manter o marcador de objeto
rā: - Errado:
nāmeh-rā ersāl shod. - Certo:
nāmeh ersāl shod.
rā.Contrast With Similar Patterns
1. Ativo (kardan) vs. Passivo (shodan)
paydā kardan (encontrar) → Você procura.paydā shodan (ser encontrado/aparecer) → As chaves apareceram.2. Passivo (shodan) vs. Estado (budan)
khaste shodan (cansar-se) → Processo.khaste budan (estar cansado) → Estado.Quick FAQ
por Ali)?R: Geralmente não. O persa odeia a frase «por...» (tavasot-e...). Use a voz ativa: Ali dar-rā bāz kard.
R: Só negue o shodan. anjām nashod (Não foi feito).
Conjugation of 'Shodan' (Passive Auxiliary)
| Person | Past (Simple) | Present Perfect | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1st Sing.
|
شدم
|
شدهام
|
خواهم شد
|
|
2nd Sing.
|
شدی
|
شدهای
|
خواهی شد
|
|
3rd Sing.
|
شد
|
شده است
|
خواهد شد
|
|
1st Plur.
|
شدیم
|
شدهایم
|
خواهیم شد
|
|
2nd Plur.
|
شدید
|
شدهاید
|
خواهید شد
|
|
3rd Plur.
|
شدند
|
شدهاند
|
خواهند شد
|
Meanings
The passive voice is used to emphasize the action or the object receiving the action rather than the person performing it.
Standard Passive
Focusing on the result of an action.
“غذا خورده شد”
“نامه فرستاده شد”
Formal/Academic
Used in reports or news to maintain objectivity.
“تصمیم گرفته شد”
“قانون تصویب شد”
Negative Passive
Indicating an action was not completed.
“کار انجام نشد”
“در باز نشد”
Reference Table
| Ativa (Voz Ativa) | Passiva (Voz Passiva) | Mudança de Sentido |
|---|---|---|
|
da'vat kardan (دعوُت کردن)
|
da'vat shodan (دعوُت شدن)
|
convidar → ser convidado
|
|
bāz kardan (باز کردن)
|
bāz shodan (باز شدن)
|
abrir → ser aberto / abrir-se
|
|
gom kardan (گم کردن)
|
gom shodan (گم شدن)
|
perder → perder-se / ser perdido
|
|
sākhte kardan (ساختن*)
|
sākhte shodan (ساخته شدن)
|
construir → ser construído
|
|
chāp kardan (چاپ کردن)
|
chāp shodan (چاپ شدن)
|
imprimir → ser impresso
|
|
tāyid kardan (تایید کردن)
|
tāyid shodan (تایید شدن)
|
confirmar → ser confirmado
|
Espectro de formalidade
گزارش ارسال گردید. (Work email vs text)
گزارش فرستاده شد. (Work email vs text)
گزارش رو فرستادن. (Work email vs text)
گزارش رو فرستادن دیگه. (Work email vs text)
A Troca para a Passiva
Ativa (Quem faz)
- Kardan (کردن) Fazer (Ativa)
- Ali dar-rā bāz kard Ali abriu a porta
Passiva (Quem recebe)
- Shodan (شدن) Tornar-se (Passiva)
- Dar bāz shod A porta foi aberta
Kardan vs. Shodan
É Voz Passiva?
O sujeito está realizando a ação?
A ação está acontecendo COM o sujeito?
Contextos Comuns de Passiva
Emoções/Estados
- • Āshegh shodan (Apaixonar-se)
- • Khaste shodan (Cansar-se)
- • Nārāhat shodan (Ficar chateado)
Eventos/Mudanças
- • Gom shodan (Perder-se)
- • Bāz shodan (Abrir)
- • Kharāb shodan (Quebrar/Estragar)
Exemplos por nível
غذا خورده شد
The food was eaten
نامه نوشته شد
The letter was written
در باز شد
The door was opened
کار انجام شد
The work was done
ماشین تعمیر شد
The car was repaired
پنجره شکسته شد
The window was broken
پول پرداخت نشد
The money was not paid
فیلم دیده شد
The movie was watched
جلسه لغو شد
The meeting was cancelled
تصمیم گرفته شد
The decision was made
گزارش فرستاده شد
The report was sent
قانون تصویب شد
The law was passed
این کتاب توسط نویسنده مشهور نوشته شد
This book was written by a famous author
مذاکرات صلح آغاز شد
Peace negotiations were started
پروژه با موفقیت تکمیل شد
The project was successfully completed
اشتباهات اصلاح شدند
The mistakes were corrected
در آن زمان، این بنا ساخته شد
At that time, this building was constructed
تمامی جوانب بررسی شد
All aspects were examined
پیشنهاد رد شد
The proposal was rejected
تغییرات اعمال شدند
The changes were implemented
این نظریه توسط دانشمندان رد شد
This theory was rejected by scientists
تمهیدات لازم اندیشیده شد
The necessary measures were considered
حقایق نادیده گرفته شدند
The facts were ignored
بسیاری از آثار هنری نابود شدند
Many artworks were destroyed
Fácil de confundir
Both can be used with past participles.
Spoken Persian often uses active 'they' for passive meaning.
Learners try to make intransitive verbs passive.
Erros comuns
غذا خورد شد
غذا خورده شد
نامه نوشتن شد
نامه نوشته شد
کار انجام بود
کار انجام شد
توسط علی نامه نوشته شد
نامه توسط علی نوشته شد
Padrões de frases
___ توسط ___ انجام شد.
آیا ___ ___ شد؟
___ هنوز ___ نشده است.
___ در سال ___ ساخته شد.
Real World Usage
مذاکرات آغاز شد.
گزارش ارسال شد.
دادهها تحلیل شدند.
سفارش ثبت شد.
کار انجام شد.
پروژه با موفقیت مدیریت شد.
O Truque do 'Get'
shodan. Por exemplo: Gom shodam.Não traduza o 'Por'
tavasot-e) em frases passivas, pois soa muito artificial. Se quiser citar a pessoa, prefira a voz ativa: Ali dar-rā bāz kard.
Passiva Educada
livān shekast) é bem mais gentil do que dizer que você o quebrou.Smart Tips
Use passive to sound objective.
Use passive for each step.
Passive is your best friend.
Passive hides the subject.
Pronúncia
Shodan
The 'sh' is like 'shoe', 'o' is like 'go', 'd' is like 'dog', 'a' is like 'father', 'n' is like 'no'.
Rising for questions
انجام شد؟ ↗
Indicates a yes/no question.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Think of 'Shodan' as a 'Shifter' — it shifts the focus from the doer to the deed.
Associação visual
Imagine a spotlight moving from a person holding a pen to the paper itself. The paper glows as the pen fades away.
Rhyme
For passive voice, don't be slow, add 'shodan' to the flow.
Story
Ali was cooking dinner. The kitchen was messy. Suddenly, the lights went out. The food was cooked, the table was set, and the guests arrived. Everything happened without Ali being mentioned.
Word Web
Desafio
Take 5 active sentences you wrote today and rewrite them in the passive voice.
Notas culturais
Passive is used frequently in news and formal reports.
Sometimes 'gardidan' is used instead of 'shodan' for a higher register.
In spoken Persian, people often use the active voice with a generic 'they' instead of the passive.
The verb 'shodan' comes from Middle Persian 'shudan' (to go).
Iniciadores de conversa
آیا کارها انجام شدهاند؟
این کتاب توسط چه کسی نوشته شده است؟
آیا تصمیم نهایی گرفته شد؟
آیا درها بسته شدند؟
Temas para diário
Erros comuns
Test Yourself
A porta foi aberta. = Dar bāz ___ (passado).
Selecione a construção passiva correta:
Find and fix the mistake:
Nāmeh-rā ersāl shod.
Score: /3
Exercicios praticos
8 exercisesنامه نوشته ___.
Find and fix the mistake:
غذا خورد شد.
Choose the passive version of 'Ali repaired the car'.
شد / گزارش / ارسال
The meeting was cancelled.
A: Did you finish the work? B: Yes, the work ___.
علی نامه را نوشت.
They were...
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesCombine os verbos corretamente.
Meu celular está perdido. = Gushiam ___ shode ast.
shod / ersāl / payām / diruz
Kār tamām shod.
In ketāb tavasot-e man khānde shod.
Panjere-hā bāz ___ (mishodan).
Identifique o verbo passivo.
A comida foi comida.
Otāgh tamiz kard.
O problema não foi resolvido. = Moshkel hal ___.
Combine a situação com a forma verbal correta.
shod / elām / natāyej / emruz
Apaixonar-se = Āshegh ___.
Score: /13
Perguntas frequentes (8)
It's possible, but active 'they' is more common.
Yes, for standard passive constructions.
Use 'tavasot-e' (by).
Check if your verb is transitive.
Yes, it is preferred in professional settings.
Yes, use 'khaham shod'.
Shodan is action, Boodan is state.
No, it stays the same.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Ser + participio
Spanish requires gender/number agreement for the participle.
Être + participe passé
French requires agreement of the participle with the subject.
Werden + Partizip II
German syntax is more rigid regarding word order.
Passive suffix -reru/-rareru
Persian uses an auxiliary verb, Japanese uses morphology.
Internal vowel change
Arabic is synthetic, Persian is analytic.
Bei (被) construction
Chinese 'bei' is a particle, Persian 'shodan' is a full verb.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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