Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use this structure to express physical or situational inability, where the subject is marked with 'se' and the verb is passive.
- Change the subject to the oblique case + 'se' (e.g., 'Mujhse').
- Use the infinitive form of the verb + 'ja' (passive auxiliary).
- Conjugate the auxiliary 'ja' according to the tense and mood.
Overview
How This Grammar Works
Formation Pattern
se：执行者标记为 se (被/从)。
a (阳性单数过去分词)。*提示：它很少改变。*
Jaana：这负责语法工作（时态）。它也保持阳性单数，通常是 jata hai (现在) 或 gaya (过去)。
主语 + se + 主要动词 (aa) + Jaana (阳性单数)
When To Use It
- 完全无能 (否定)： 当疼痛、情绪或疲劳阻止你时。“Mujhse aur *khela* nahi jata” (我再也玩不动了)。
- 礼貌建议 (肯定)： 在向群组建议某事而不显得专横时。“Ab *nikla* jaye?” (我们该出发了吗？)。
- 许可： 戏剧性或正式的询问。“Kya andar *aaya* jaye?” (我可以进来吗？)。
- 普遍真理： “Garmi mein *soya* nahi jata” (在酷热中无法入睡)。
Common Mistakes
- 改变性别： 这是第一大错误。学习者试图将动词与主语匹配。停止。即使你是个女孩，你也说“Mujhse *chala* nahi jata”，而不是“chali nahi jati”。
- 错误地使用及物动词： 这种特定的“Bhav Vachya”风格严格用于不及物动词（没有宾语的动词，如睡觉、走路、笑）。如果有宾语（如“吃食物”），它就变成标准被动语态 (Karma Vachya)，规则会略有变化。
- 过度使用： 不要用于简单的技能。“我不会游泳”（技能）通常是“Mujhe tairna nahi aata”。将此模式用于“我现在身体上无法游泳”（疲劳/受伤）。
Contrast With Similar Patterns
- Sakna (能)： “Main chal nahi sakta”是一个简单的事实：“我不能走。”（也许我不知道怎么走，或者我的腿断了）。“Mujhse chala nahi jata”暗示*无助*或*挣扎*：“我就是无法让自己走路。”
- 被动语态 (Karma Vachya)： “Khana khaya gaya” (食物被吃了)。在这里，动词与*食物*一致。在非人称被动语态中，没有宾语，所以动词与*任何东西*都不一致（默认为阳性单数）。
Quick FAQ
Bhav Vachya Conjugation Table
| Subject | Oblique Form | Verb Root | Passive Auxiliary | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Main
|
Mujhse
|
Chal
|
Jata hai
|
Mujhse chala jata hai
|
|
Tu
|
Tujhse
|
Chal
|
Jata hai
|
Tujhse chala jata hai
|
|
Tum
|
Tumse
|
Chal
|
Jata hai
|
Tumse chala jata hai
|
|
Aap
|
Aapse
|
Chal
|
Jata hai
|
Aapse chala jata hai
|
|
Vah
|
Usse
|
Chal
|
Jata hai
|
Usse chala jata hai
|
|
Hum
|
Humse
|
Chal
|
Jata hai
|
Humse chala jata hai
|
Meanings
This structure expresses an inability to perform an action due to physical, mental, or situational constraints, rather than a lack of permission.
Physical Inability
Inability due to physical exhaustion or limitation.
“मुझसे इतना भारी बक्सा नहीं उठाया जाता।”
“मुझसे अब और नहीं दौड़ा जाता।”
Situational Constraint
Inability due to external circumstances or social pressure.
“मुझसे झूठ नहीं बोला जाता।”
“मुझसे इतनी भीड़ में नहीं रहा जाता।”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Sub + se + V-root + a + jata
|
Mujhse chala jata hai
|
|
Negative
|
Sub + se + V-root + a + nahi jata
|
Mujhse chala nahi jata
|
|
Interrogative
|
Kya + Sub + se + V-root + a + jata?
|
Kya mujhse chala jata hai?
|
|
Past Tense
|
Sub + se + V-root + a + gaya
|
Mujhse chala nahi gaya
|
|
Future Tense
|
Sub + se + V-root + a + jayega
|
Mujhse chala nahi jayega
|
|
Continuous
|
Sub + se + V-root + a + ja raha
|
Mujhse chala nahi ja raha
|
正式程度
Mujhse ab aur nahi khaya jata. (Dinner party)
Mujhse aur nahi khaya jata. (Dinner party)
Mujhse aur nahi khaya ja raha. (Dinner party)
Bas, nahi ho raha! (Dinner party)
Bhav Vachya Components
Subject
- Mujhse By me
Verb
- Root + a Verb base
Auxiliary
- Jana To go/passive
按水平分级的例句
मुझसे नहीं चला जाता।
I cannot walk.
मुझसे नहीं खाया जाता।
I cannot eat.
मुझसे नहीं सोया जाता।
I cannot sleep.
मुझसे नहीं पढ़ा जाता।
I cannot read.
मुझसे इतना काम नहीं किया जाता।
I cannot do this much work.
मुझसे सुबह नहीं उठा जाता।
I cannot wake up early.
उससे यह नहीं सहा जाता।
He cannot bear this.
क्या तुमसे यह नहीं किया जाता?
Can you not do this?
मुझसे इतनी गर्मी में नहीं रहा जाता।
I cannot live in this much heat.
मुझसे झूठ नहीं बोला जाता।
I cannot tell a lie.
मुझसे इतनी भीड़ में नहीं चला जाता।
I cannot walk in this crowd.
उससे अब और नहीं दौड़ा जाता।
He cannot run anymore.
मुझसे यह अपमान नहीं सहा जाता।
I cannot tolerate this insult.
मुझसे इतनी लंबी यात्रा नहीं की जाती।
I cannot undertake such a long journey.
मुझसे यह जिम्मेदारी नहीं उठाई जाती।
I cannot take on this responsibility.
क्या तुमसे यह बोझ नहीं उठाया जाता?
Can you not lift this burden?
मुझसे इस तरह का व्यवहार नहीं सहा जाता।
I cannot endure this kind of behavior.
मुझसे अब और यह नाटक नहीं देखा जाता।
I cannot watch this drama anymore.
मुझसे इतनी जटिल समस्या नहीं सुलझाई जाती।
I cannot solve such a complex problem.
मुझसे यह कड़वा सच नहीं बोला जाता।
I cannot speak this bitter truth.
मुझसे इस व्यवस्था के विरुद्ध नहीं लड़ा जाता।
I cannot fight against this system.
मुझसे इतनी विलासिता में नहीं रहा जाता।
I cannot live in such luxury.
मुझसे यह कठिन निर्णय नहीं लिया जाता।
I cannot take this difficult decision.
मुझसे अब और मौन नहीं रहा जाता।
I cannot remain silent anymore.
容易混淆
Both express 'cannot'.
Both use 'jana'.
Subject markers.
常见错误
Main nahi chala jata
Mujhse chala nahi jata
Mujhse chala nahi
Mujhse chala nahi jata
Mujhse chala sakna
Mujhse chala nahi jata
Mujhse nahi chalna
Mujhse chala nahi jata
Usse chala nahi
Usse chala nahi jata
Mujhse nahi jata chala
Mujhse chala nahi jata
Mujhse nahi kiya sakti
Mujhse nahi kiya jata
Mujhse nahi kiya gaya
Mujhse nahi kiya jata
Mujhse nahi jata
Mujhse chala nahi jata
Mujhse nahi bolna jata
Mujhse bola nahi jata
Mujhse nahi bol pa raha
Mujhse bola nahi jata
Mujhse nahi jata bol
Mujhse bola nahi jata
Mujhse nahi kiya jata hai
Mujhse nahi kiya jata
句型
Mujhse ___ nahi jata.
Kya tumse ___ nahi jata?
Mujhse itni ___ mein nahi raha jata.
Mujhse yeh ___ nahi saha jata.
Real World Usage
Mujhse ab nahi ho raha.
Mujhse yeh zimmedari nahi uthayi jati.
Mujhse aur nahi chala jata.
Mujhse aur nahi khaya jata.
Mujhse yeh drama nahi dekha jata.
Mujhse aur nahi uthaya jata.
Focus on the 'se'
Don't use 'sakna'
Use for complaints
Be emotive
Smart Tips
Use 'Mujhse... nahi jata' to express your state.
Use it to frame refusal as a limitation.
Use it to describe your inability to cope.
Use it to express deep feelings.
发音
Jata
The 'j' is a soft palatal stop. The 't' is a retroflex stop.
Falling intonation
Mujhse chala nahi jata ↘
Conveys resignation or exhaustion.
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of 'Bhav Vachya' as 'Body Vachya'—it's about what your body can or cannot handle.
视觉联想
Imagine yourself trying to lift a heavy rock. You are pushing, but your body says 'no'. That 'no' is the 'nahi jata'.
Rhyme
Mujhse nahi chala jata, thak gaya hoon main bhai, ab mujhse nahi khaya jata.
Story
Rohan tried to run a marathon. He reached the 10km mark. He stopped. He said, 'Mujhse nahi dauda jata.' He sat down and realized his legs were done.
Word Web
挑战
For the next 5 minutes, describe 3 things you physically cannot do right now using the 'Mujhse... nahi jata' structure.
文化笔记
This is very common in daily life to express fatigue after work.
Used in literature to show the character's internal struggle.
Often shortened or mixed with English.
Derived from Sanskrit passive constructions.
对话开场白
Kya tumse subah jaldi utha jata hai?
Kya tumse itna kaam kiya jata hai?
Kya tumse jhooth bola jata hai?
Kya tumse yeh kathin nirnay liya jata hai?
日记主题
常见错误
Test Yourself
Mujhse ___ nahi jata. (walk)
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Usse chala nahi.
Main nahi kha sakta.
A: Kya tumse dauda jata hai? B: ___
Mujhse / nahi / jata / saha.
Mujhse / jata / nahi / chala.
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Score: /8
练习题
8 exercisesMujhse ___ nahi jata. (walk)
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Usse chala nahi.
Main nahi kha sakta.
A: Kya tumse dauda jata hai? B: ___
Mujhse / nahi / jata / saha.
Mujhse / jata / nahi / chala.
Match: Mujhse chala nahi jata
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesUsse dard ke maare ___ nahi gaya. (speak)
I cannot sit here. (Using Impersonal Passive)
Rahul se roya nahi jati.
Match the following:
nahi / mujhse / hai / jata / dekha
Select the suggestion form:
Garmi mein ___ nahi jata. (cook)
Ladkiyon se bhaagi nahi gayi.
Translate using Impersonal Passive.
Which sentence correctly uses the passive marker?
Chalo, ab nahaaya ___ . (suggestion)
hansa / bhi / nahi / mujhse / gaya
Score: /12
常见问题 (8)
No, it can be used in affirmative, but it is much more common in negative.
Mostly for intransitive verbs or verbs expressing physical states.
Sakna is ability; Bhav Vachya is involuntary impossibility.
It is neutral and used in all registers.
It marks the agent in passive constructions.
Yes, 'Mujhse chala nahi gaya'.
Extremely common.
The auxiliary 'jata' changes if the object is feminine, but usually it stays masculine singular.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
No se puede
Hindi uses the oblique case for the agent.
On ne peut pas
Hindi is more specific about the agent.
Man kann nicht
Hindi is more personal.
Dekinai
Hindi uses a passive structure.
La astati'u
Hindi is passive.
Bu neng
Hindi is passive and oblique.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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