A1 · 入门 章节 5

Talking About Time and Schedules

6 总规则
64 例句
5 分钟

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of scheduling and time-telling in Korean with ease.

  • Identify days of the week and relative time markers.
  • Combine native and Sino-Korean numbers to tell accurate time.
  • Apply time particles to build clear, scheduled sentences.
Time is on your side!

你将学到什么

Hey there, future Korean speaker! Ready to master how to talk about time and schedules in Korean? This chapter is your ticket to confidently discussing when things happen, making plans, and understanding timetables. We'll kick things off with those special words for 'today,' 'yesterday,' and 'tomorrow' (오늘, 어제, 내일). These guys are unique because they stand on their own – no need for the time particle '에' here! Then, you'll discover how incredibly easy it is to name all the days of the week; just add the day's root to 요일. Next up, we'll tackle telling time, which has a fun twist: you use native Korean numbers for hours and Sino-Korean numbers for minutes. It might sound tricky, but trust me, it's like riding a bike – you'll get the hang of it super fast! Finally, we'll unlock the power of the particles '에,' '부터,' and '까지.' The particle '에' is your go-to for pinpointing exact moments, like 'at 2 PM.' Just remember not to use it with 'today,' 'yesterday,' or 'tomorrow'! '부터' acts like a 'start button,' letting you say 'from' a certain time, and '까지' sets the finish line – meaning 'until' or 'by' a specific time or deadline. By the end of this chapter, you'll be able to tell someone when your Korean class is, set a coffee date with a friend, or even explain your daily schedule with ease. Get ready to become a time-telling pro in Korean!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: State dates and precise times for appointments.

章节指南

Overview

Welcome to your essential guide for mastering A1 Korean grammar related to time and schedules! In this chapter, you'll gain the foundational skills to confidently discuss when events happen, make plans, and understand timetables in Korean. Being able to talk about time is one of the most practical and frequently used aspects of any language, and Korean is no exception.
Whether you're setting up a coffee date, asking about store hours, or simply describing your daily routine, this knowledge is absolutely crucial for real-world communication.
This guide will walk you through the specifics of telling time, using special words for 'today,' 'yesterday,' and 'tomorrow,' and applying key particles that pinpoint exact moments or define duration. We'll explore how Korean days of the week are formed, the unique system for telling time in Korean (mixing native and Sino-Korean numbers!), and the indispensable particles , 부터, and 까지. By the end, you'll not only understand these concepts but also be able to use them in everyday conversations, making your journey to fluency in Korean much smoother.
Get ready to become a time-telling expert!

How This Grammar Works

Let's dive into the core mechanics of talking about time in Korean. First, we have three special words: 오늘 (today), 어제 (yesterday), and 내일 (tomorrow). These words are unique because they don't need the time particle when used to indicate 'when' something happens.
For example, 오늘 만나요 (Let's meet today) is perfectly correct.
Next, forming the Korean days of the week is wonderfully straightforward. You simply take the character representing the day's element (like moon, fire, water, etc.) and add 요일 (yo-il), which means 'day of the week'. So, 월요일 (Monday), 화요일 (Tuesday), 수요일 (Wednesday), 목요일 (Thursday), 금요일 (Friday), 토요일 (Saturday), and 일요일 (Sunday) become easy to remember.
Telling time in Korean has a fun twist: you use native Korean numbers for hours and Sino-Korean numbers for minutes. For example, three o'clock is 세 시 (se si), using the native Korean 'three' (셋 becomes 세 before 시). Twenty minutes is 이십 분 (i-sip bun), using the Sino-Korean 'twenty' (이십).
So, 3:20 PM would be 오후 세 시 이십 분 (o-hu se si i-sip bun).
The particle is your go-to for marking specific points in time, like 'at 2 PM' or 'on Monday'. For instance, 두 시에 만나요 (Let's meet at two o'clock). However, remember the golden rule: is *not* used with 오늘, 어제, or 내일.
Finally, we have the dynamic duo for duration: 부터 (bu-teo) and 까지 (kka-ji). 부터 acts like 'from' or 'starting from' a certain time or day. 수요일부터 (from Wednesday).
까지 means 'until', 'up to', or 'by' a specific time or deadline. 다섯 시까지 (until five o'clock). You can use them together to express a duration: 아침 아홉 시부터 저녁 여섯 시까지 일해요 (I work from 9 AM until 6 PM).
Mastering these particles is key for describing schedules and appointments in A1 Korean.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Wrong: 내일에 만나요. (Nae-il-e man-na-yo.)
Correct: 내일 만나요. (Nae-il man-na-yo.)
*Explanation:* The time particle is not used with 오늘 (today), 어제 (yesterday), or 내일 (tomorrow). These words intrinsically carry the meaning of 'on' or 'at' that day.
  1. 1Wrong: 하나 시 삼 분이에요. (Ha-na si sam bun-i-e-yo.) (It's one o'clock and three minutes.)
Correct: 한 시 삼 분이에요. (Han si sam bun-i-e-yo.)
*Explanation:* When telling time, native Korean numbers are used for hours, but specific forms are used for 1, 2, 3, and 4 before the counter (hour). 하나 becomes , becomes , becomes , and becomes . For minutes, you *always* use Sino-Korean numbers.
  1. 1Wrong: 수업은 두 시부터 세 시. (Su-eop-eun du si-bu-teo se si.) (Class is from two o'clock until three o'clock.)
Correct: 수업은 두 시부터 세 시까지예요. (Su-eop-eun du si-bu-teo se si-kka-ji-ye-yo.)
*Explanation:* When indicating a duration
from X until Y,
both 부터 (from) and 까지 (until) are typically used together to clearly define the start and end points. Omitting 까지 leaves the end point ambiguous.

Real Conversations

A

A

몇 시에 만날까요? (Myeot si-e man-nal-kka-yo?) (What time should we meet?)
B

B

세 시에 만나요. (Se si-e man-na-yo.) (Let's meet at three o'clock.)
A

A

한국어 수업은 언제예요? (Han-gu-geo su-eop-eun eon-je-ye-yo?) (When is Korean class?)
B

B

매주 화요일 오전 열 시부터 열한 시 반까지예요. (Mae-ju hwa-yo-il o-jeon yeol si-bu-teo yeol-han si ban-kka-ji-ye-yo.) (It's every Tuesday from 10 AM until 11:30 AM.)
A

A

언제까지 이메일을 보내야 해요? (Eon-je-kka-ji i-me-il-eul bo-nae-ya hae-yo?) (By when do I need to send the email?)
B

B

내일까지 보내 주세요. (Nae-il-kka-ji bo-nae ju-se-yo.) (Please send it by tomorrow.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I ask

What time is it?
in Korean?

You can ask 지금 몇 시예요? (Ji-geum myeot si-ye-yo?) which literally means

What time is it now?
This is a key A1 Korean phrase for basic communication.

Q

Can I use 오늘부터 or 내일부터?

Yes! While 오늘, 어제, and 내일 don't take , they *can* be combined with 부터 and 까지 to indicate a starting or ending point. For example, 오늘부터 운동할 거예요 (I will exercise from today).

Q

What's the difference between 오전 and 오후?

오전 (o-jeon) means 'AM' (ante meridiem), referring to the morning before noon. 오후 (o-hu) means 'PM' (post meridiem), referring to the afternoon and evening after noon. These are essential for specifying times in Korean grammar.

Q

Is there a specific way to say 'noon' or 'midnight'?

Yes! 정오 (jeong-o) means 'noon' (literally 'exact noon'), and 자정 (ja-jeong) means 'midnight'. You can use them with , like 정오에 만나요 (Let's meet at noon).

Cultural Context

In Korean culture, punctuality is highly valued, so clearly communicating times and schedules is very important. When making plans, it's common to confirm the exact time and day using the patterns learned here. Koreans often use 오전 (AM) and 오후 (PM) to avoid ambiguity, especially in formal settings or when scheduling.
Using 부터 and 까지 to describe work hours or class schedules is a fundamental part of daily conversation, reflecting the structured nature of many aspects of Korean life.

关键例句 (8)

1

오늘 뭐 해요?

你今天做什么?

今天、昨天、明天 (오늘, 어제, 내일)
2

어제 너무 피곤했어요.

我昨天太累了。

今天、昨天、明天 (오늘, 어제, 내일)
3

월요일에 학교에 가요.

我星期一去学校。

韩语星期几 (요일)
4

금요일은 불금이에요!

星期五是狂热星期五(周五万岁)!

韩语星期几 (요일)
5

지금 몇 시예요?

现在几点?

时间表达:固有词小时与汉字词分钟
6

우리 내일 오후 두 시에 만나요.

我们明天下午两点见面吧。

时间表达:固有词小时与汉字词分钟
7

저는 보통 아침 7시에 일어나요.

我通常早上7点起床。

韩语时间助词`에`: 标记某事发生的“时间”
8

우리 토요일 저녁에 맛있는 거 먹자!

我们周六晚上吃好吃的吧!

韩语时间助词`에`: 标记某事发生的“时间”

技巧与窍门 (4)

⚠️

把 “에” 丢掉!

永远、永远不要把时间助词“에”加到 “오늘”, “어제” 或 “내일” 后面。它们自己就足够表达意思了,比如你想说“今天见面”:«오늘 만나요.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 今天、昨天、明天 (오늘, 어제, 내일)
🎯

助词小技巧

和朋友发信息的时候,通常可以省略掉表示“在”的助词 。比如想约朋友周六见面,直接说 «토요일 만날까?» 听起来就很自然啦!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韩语星期几 (요일)
💡

“半”的小窍门

在韩国,说“半点”就像我们说“半小时”一样方便。用“세 시 반”比“세 시 삼십 분”听起来更自然,地道指数瞬间飙升10倍!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 时间表达:固有词小时与汉字词分钟
🎯

将词块一起学习

“早上”和“在”别分开记!把它们当作一个整体“아침에”来学,这样说话会更流利自然。比如,你想说早上在公园散步:“아침에 공원에서 산책해요.”
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韩语时间助词`에`: 标记某事发生的“时间”

核心词汇 (5)

오늘 (oneul) today 요일 (yoil) day of the week 시간 (sigan) time/hour 분 (bun) minute 공부하다 (gongbuhada) to study

Real-World Preview

coffee

Making a Plan

Review Summary

  • Word + (optional particle)
  • Time + 에
  • Time + 부터
  • Time + 까지

常见错误

You cannot use the time particle '에' with relative time words like 'today', 'yesterday', or 'tomorrow'.

Wrong: 오늘에 공부해요.
正确: 오늘 공부해요.

When using native numbers for hours, 1, 2, 3, and 4 change their form.

Wrong: 셋 시 (set si)
正确: 세 시 (se si)

Don't confuse 'until' (까지) with 'from' (부터).

Wrong: 2시까지 공부해요 (from 2 o'clock).
正确: 2시부터 공부해요 (from 2 o'clock).

本章规则 (6)

Next Steps

You have mastered the clock! Keep this energy up as we move into describing the world around you. You're doing fantastic!

Write your next weekend's schedule in Korean.

快速练习 (10)

哪种时间表达4:30是正确的?

选择4:30的正确说法。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 네 시 삼십 분
4是“넷”,但在“시”前面要变成“네”。小时用固有词,分钟用汉字词(“삼십”)。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 时间表达:固有词小时与汉字词分钟

找出并改正句子中的错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

내일 학교에 갔어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 내일 학교에 갈 거예요.
“내일”(明天)不能和过去时态的动词(“갔어요”)一起使用。必须改为将来时态(“갈 거예요”)。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 今天、昨天、明天 (오늘, 어제, 내일)

请填入正确的星期:星期五。

오늘은 ___이에요。 (Today is Friday.)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 금요일
금요일 是星期五。금 的意思是金子或金属。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韩语星期几 (요일)

“今天星期几?”怎么问才对?

选择正确的问句:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 오늘 무슨 요일이에요?
무슨 요일 是专门用来问“星期几”的。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韩语星期几 (요일)

将起点助词与正确的语境匹配。

匹配“从...”的用法:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: matched
时间起点用 «부터»(从1点开始),地点起点用 «에서»(从家开始)。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韩语终点线:直到、截止与到达 (까지)

找出“我星期一去。”中的错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

월요일 가요。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 월요일에 가요。
你需要时间助词 来表示“在”某个特定的一天。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韩语星期几 (요일)

用正确的“时”的表达填空。

We meet at 2:00 o'clock: 우리 ___ 시에 만나요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:
小时要用固有词数字。“二”是“둘”,但在“시”前面要变成“두”。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 时间表达:固有词小时与汉字词分钟

选择正确句子。

Which sentence is grammatically correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 내일 뭐 해요?
单词“내일”(明天)是一个相对时间词,不需要时间助词“에”。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韩语时间助词`에`: 标记某事发生的“时间”

你在出租车里,告诉司机你的目的地。

哪句是“请去机场”最自然的表达?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 공항까지 가 주세요.
虽然 «에» 也可以,但在告诉司机目的地终点时,«까지» 是最自然、最标准的表达方式。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韩语终点线:直到、截止与到达 (까지)

找出拼写错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

哪个拼写是正确的?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 오늘부터
在韩语中,助词必须直接附着在名词后面,中间不能有空格。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 助词 부터:时间的“开始按钮”(从……)

Score: /10

常见问题 (6)

可以的!虽然不能用“에”,但你绝对可以使用“은/는”(主语助词)或“도”(也)。例如,“오늘도 일해요”的意思是“我今天也工作。”
通常放在句子的最前面,或者紧跟在主语后面。“저는 오늘 쉬어요”和“오늘 저는 쉬어요”都非常自然。
요일 是一个表示“星期几”的词,就像英文里的 '-day' (Mon-day, Tues-day) 一样,是个后缀词。
韩语没有大写字母,所以你不用担心这个问题。直接写就可以了!
韩国历史小课堂!固有词是韩国本土的语言,而汉字词是从中文传过来的(用来表示日期、金钱、分钟)。时间为什么会两种都用呢?因为小时数(1-12)比较小,用固有词说更顺口,而分钟数(1-60)比较大,像数学一样,用汉字词说更方便!
只有在军队或者宣布飞机起飞时间(比如用24小时制说“15点”)的时候,你才能用汉字词来表示小时。在日常生活中,99%的情况下是“不行”的!听起来会非常奇怪。