用你的语言查看此页面
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português हिन्दी
B1 noun #2,500 最常用 9分钟阅读

정의

jeongui
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to encounter the word 정의. It is introduced as a noun meaning 'justice'. While abstract concepts are usually reserved for higher levels, 정의 is so common in Korean media, especially in titles of dramas or movies, that beginners often hear it. At this stage, the focus is simply on recognizing the word and its basic English translation. Learners might learn simple sentences like '정의는 중요해요' (Justice is important) or '정의를 원해요' (I want justice). They do not need to understand the complex philosophical nuances or the various collocations. The primary goal is vocabulary acquisition and basic pronunciation. Teachers might use simple pictures or scenarios, like a superhero fighting a villain, to illustrate the concept of 정의. It is also important at this stage to briefly mention that there is another word that sounds exactly the same meaning 'definition', just so learners are not confused if they look it up in a dictionary. However, the deep dive into the differences is saved for later. A1 learners should focus on associating 정의 with 'goodness' and 'fairness' in a very broad sense.
As learners progress to the A2 level, their understanding of 정의 expands slightly. They begin to see the word in simple reading passages or hear it in basic dialogues about society or rules. At this stage, learners are introduced to the adjective form, 정의롭다 (to be just/righteous). They can start forming slightly more complex sentences, such as '그 사람은 정의로워요' (That person is just) or '이것은 정의롭지 않아요' (This is not just). They also start to learn basic collocations, primarily '정의를 지키다' (to protect justice). The context remains relatively simple, often related to everyday concepts of right and wrong, perhaps in the context of a story or a simple news headline. A2 learners should be able to understand the general sentiment when someone speaks passionately about 정의, recognizing it as a positive moral value. The distinction between 정의 (justice) and 공정 (fairness) might be briefly introduced, with 공정 being used for games and rules, and 정의 for bigger moral issues. The focus remains on practical, straightforward usage without delving into deep societal critiques.
At the B1 level, learners are expected to have a solid grasp of 정의 and its role in Korean discourse. This is the level where the word truly becomes active vocabulary. Learners can now discuss social issues, express opinions on fairness, and understand news reports that use the term. They should master key collocations like '정의를 실현하다' (to realize justice) and '사회적 정의' (social justice). B1 learners can articulate why something is or isn't just, using conjunctions and more complex sentence structures. For example, '모든 사람이 평등한 기회를 가지는 것이 정의라고 생각합니다' (I think it is justice that everyone has equal opportunities). They also become fully aware of the homonym issue and can easily distinguish between 정의 (justice) and 정의 (definition) based on context. Furthermore, they start to understand the cultural weight of the word in Korea, recognizing its frequent use in political and social activism. B1 learners should feel comfortable using 정의 in debates or essays about societal problems, demonstrating an ability to engage with abstract concepts in Korean.
Reaching the B2 level means learners can handle the nuances and complexities of 정의 with confidence. They can read and comprehend opinion pieces, editorials, and literature where 정의 is a central theme. They understand the subtle differences between related terms like 정의, 공정, 공평, and 평등, and can choose the most appropriate word for their specific context. B2 learners can engage in deep, nuanced conversations about the nature of justice, discussing topics like restorative justice, economic inequality, and legal ethics. They are familiar with idiomatic expressions and advanced collocations, such as '정의의 이름으로' (in the name of justice) or '정의가 실종되다' (justice has disappeared). Their writing and speaking reflect a mature understanding of how the concept is debated in Korean society. They can analyze the rhetoric of politicians or activists who use the word, understanding the emotional and persuasive power it holds. At this level, 정의 is not just a vocabulary word, but a lens through which they can analyze and discuss Korean society and culture.
At the C1 level, learners possess a near-native understanding of 정의. They can effortlessly navigate complex academic, legal, and philosophical texts that explore the concept in depth. They are capable of articulating sophisticated arguments about justice, drawing on historical context, legal precedents, and sociological theories. C1 learners can use the word in highly formal registers, such as academic papers or professional presentations, with perfect accuracy. They understand the historical evolution of the concept in Korea, perhaps relating it to democratization movements or traditional Confucian values. They can also detect sarcasm, irony, or rhetorical manipulation when the word is used in political discourse. Their vocabulary network around 정의 is extensive, including highly specialized terms. They can debate the inherent conflicts between different types of justice (e.g., individual rights vs. collective good) using precise and eloquent Korean. For a C1 learner, using 정의 correctly is second nature, and their focus is on the intellectual and cultural implications of the word rather than its basic definition or grammar.
At the C2 level, the mastery of 정의 is absolute. Learners at this stage can manipulate the language with the skill of an educated native speaker. They can write compelling, nuanced essays or deliver powerful speeches centered around the theme of justice, employing sophisticated rhetorical devices. They understand the deepest cultural and historical resonances of the word, including its use in classical literature or historical documents. C2 learners can engage in high-level philosophical debates about the very nature of 정의, challenging established definitions and proposing new perspectives. They are acutely aware of how the concept of justice varies across different segments of Korean society and can analyze these variations critically. They can seamlessly integrate the concept into discussions on global issues, comparing Korean perspectives on justice with those of other cultures. At this ultimate level of proficiency, the word 정의 is a tool for profound intellectual expression and cultural critique, wielded with precision, elegance, and deep understanding.
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

정의 30秒了解

  • Means 'Justice' or 'Fairness'.
  • Used in legal and moral contexts.
  • Often paired with '실현하다' (to realize).
  • Do not confuse with '정의' (Definition).

The Korean word 정의 (jeong-ui) primarily translates to 'justice' or 'fairness' in English when derived from the Hanja 正義. It represents the moral principle determining just conduct, the equitable treatment of individuals within a society, and the philosophical concept of rightness. Understanding 정의 is crucial for comprehending Korean social dynamics, legal discourse, and ethical debates. In a society that highly values collective harmony and moral integrity, 정의 serves as a foundational pillar for both personal conduct and institutional legitimacy. The concept extends beyond mere legal compliance to encompass a broader sense of social equity, where every individual is treated with dignity and fairness regardless of their socioeconomic status. Historically, the pursuit of 정의 has been a driving force behind significant social movements in South Korea, reflecting a deep-seated desire for a transparent and equitable society. When Koreans speak of 정의, they often invoke a sense of moral duty and the imperative to correct systemic wrongs. This word is frequently encountered in political speeches, activist manifestos, and everyday conversations about fairness. It is important to distinguish this meaning from its homonym, 정의 (定義), which means 'definition'. Context usually makes the intended meaning clear, as 'justice' is often paired with verbs like 'realize' (실현하다) or 'protect' (지키다). The emotional weight of 정의 cannot be overstated; it evokes a passionate response and a commitment to upholding what is right. Whether discussing the distribution of wealth, the administration of law, or the treatment of marginalized groups, 정의 remains a central theme in Korean public discourse. It is a dynamic concept, constantly evolving as society grapples with new ethical challenges and strives for a more perfect realization of fairness. Ultimately, 정의 is not just an abstract ideal but a practical goal that shapes the daily lives and aspirations of the Korean people, guiding their interactions and their vision for the future.

Moral Justice
The ethical principle of doing what is right and fair in personal and social interactions.
Social Justice
The equitable distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a society.
Legal Justice
The fair and impartial administration of the law, ensuring that all individuals are subject to the same rules.

우리는 사회의 정의를 위해 싸워야 합니다.

그 판결은 정의에 어긋납니다.

정의가 승리할 것이라고 믿습니다.

법은 정의를 실현하는 도구입니다.

그는 정의감이 투철한 사람입니다.

Using 정의 correctly involves understanding its common collocations and the contexts in which it naturally appears. As an abstract noun, it is frequently used as the object of verbs that denote action, realization, or defense. The most common verb paired with 정의 is 실현하다 (to realize or actualize), forming the phrase 정의를 실현하다 (to realize justice). This phrase is a staple in political and social rhetoric. Another frequent pairing is 지키다 (to protect or defend), as in 정의를 지키다 (to protect justice), which is often used in the context of law enforcement or moral courage. When justice is perceived to be lacking or violated, Koreans might use the verb 부르짖다 (to cry out for), resulting in 정의를 부르짖다 (to cry out for justice). Furthermore, 정의 can be modified by various adjectives to specify the type of justice being discussed, such as 사회적 정의 (social justice) or 경제적 정의 (economic justice). It is also common to see 정의 used in compound nouns or phrases, like 정의감 (sense of justice) or 정의로운 사회 (a just society). When using 정의 in everyday conversation, it often carries a tone of seriousness and moral conviction. It is not typically used lightly or in trivial matters. For instance, you would use it when discussing a court verdict, a social policy, or a significant moral dilemma, rather than a minor disagreement between friends. Understanding these nuances is key to sounding natural and conveying the appropriate level of gravity when discussing fairness and morality in Korean. Mastery of these collocations will significantly enhance your ability to participate in deep, meaningful conversations about society and ethics with native speakers, demonstrating not just vocabulary knowledge, but cultural competence and awareness of Korean social values.

정의를 실현하다
To realize or achieve justice, often used in political or social contexts.
정의를 지키다
To protect or uphold justice, frequently associated with law enforcement or moral duty.
정의로운 사회
A just society, a common ideal mentioned in public discourse and policy making.

정부는 사회적 정의를 실현하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다.

경찰은 시민의 안전과 정의를 지켜야 합니다.

우리는 정의로운 사회를 만들기 위해 협력해야 합니다.

그의 행동은 정의감에서 비롯된 것입니다.

역사는 항상 정의의 편에 서 있습니다.

The word 정의 permeates various facets of Korean life, from formal news broadcasts to popular entertainment and everyday discussions. In the realm of news and journalism, 정의 is a frequent buzzword, especially in reports concerning legal trials, political scandals, and social inequality. Journalists and commentators often evaluate government policies or court decisions based on whether they align with the principles of 정의. In political arenas, candidates and leaders frequently invoke 정의 to rally support, promising to eradicate corruption and build a fairer society. The phrase '정의로운 대한민국' (A just South Korea) is a common political slogan. Beyond the news, 정의 is a central theme in Korean popular culture, particularly in dramas and films. Legal dramas, a highly popular genre in South Korea, revolve almost entirely around the pursuit of 정의, featuring passionate lawyers and prosecutors fighting against corrupt systems or powerful individuals. These narratives resonate deeply with audiences, reflecting a collective yearning for fairness. Similarly, historical dramas often depict the struggles of righteous individuals fighting for 정의 against tyrannical rulers. In everyday life, you might hear 정의 used in conversations among friends or colleagues when discussing workplace fairness, social issues, or ethical dilemmas. While it might not be used to describe minor everyday grievances, it surfaces whenever a situation touches upon fundamental rights or moral principles. For example, students might discuss the 정의 of a university admission policy, or workers might debate the 정의 of a company's compensation structure. Understanding where and how 정의 is used provides valuable insights into the values and concerns that animate Korean society, highlighting the enduring importance of fairness and moral integrity in the public consciousness.

News and Politics
Used to discuss policies, legal decisions, and social equity.
Legal Dramas
A central theme representing the ultimate goal of lawyers and prosecutors.
Everyday Debates
Invoked when discussing fairness in workplaces, schools, or social systems.

뉴스에서 사회적 정의에 대한 토론이 방송되었습니다.

그 드라마의 주인공은 정의를 위해 싸우는 변호사입니다.

시민들은 광장에 모여 정의를 요구했습니다.

대통령은 취임사에서 정의로운 국가를 약속했습니다.

학생들은 학교의 처사가 정의롭지 못하다고 항의했습니다.

When learning and using the word 정의, learners often encounter a few common pitfalls. The most frequent mistake is confusing 정의 (Justice - 正義) with its homonym 정의 (Definition - 定義). While they sound identical and are spelled the same in Hangul, their meanings are entirely different. Context is usually the best guide, but learners sometimes use the wrong verbs with the intended meaning. For example, saying '정의를 내리다' means 'to give a definition', not 'to deliver justice'. To express delivering or realizing justice, one must use '정의를 실현하다' or '정의를 구현하다'. Another common mistake is overusing 정의 in situations where a simpler word for fairness, like 공정 (fairness) or 공평 (impartiality), would be more appropriate. 정의 carries a heavy moral and philosophical weight. Using it to describe a slightly unequal division of a pizza, for instance, would sound overly dramatic and unnatural. It is better reserved for significant social, legal, or ethical issues. Additionally, learners sometimes struggle with the adjective form. Instead of saying '정의 사람' (justice person), which is incorrect, one should use the adjective form '정의로운 사람' (a just person) or the phrase '정의감이 있는 사람' (a person with a sense of justice). Finally, understanding the nuance of related terms is crucial. While 평등 (equality) is related to 정의, they are not strictly interchangeable. Equality is about sameness, while justice is about fairness, which sometimes requires unequal treatment to achieve an equitable outcome. Navigating these nuances requires practice and exposure to native materials, but mastering them will greatly improve the precision and naturalness of your Korean.

Homonym Confusion
Mixing up Justice (正義) with Definition (定義) due to identical spelling and pronunciation.
Over-dramatization
Using 정의 for minor, everyday unfairness instead of more appropriate words like 공정.
Incorrect Adjective Form
Failing to use 정의롭다 when describing a person or action as just.

단어의 정의(definition)를 외우는 것과 사회의 정의(justice)를 실현하는 것은 다릅니다.

게임 규칙이 불공정하다고 할 때는 정의보다 '공정'이라는 단어가 어울립니다.

그는 참 정의로운(just) 사람입니다. (Not 정의 사람)

정의를 내리다(to define) vs 정의를 실현하다(to realize justice).

모든 사람을 똑같이 대하는 평등이 항상 정의로운 것은 아닙니다.

To fully grasp the concept of 정의, it is helpful to explore its synonyms and related terms, understanding the subtle differences in nuance and usage. The most closely related word is 공정 (gong-jeong), which translates to 'fairness' or 'impartiality'. While 정의 encompasses a broad moral philosophy, 공정 is often used in more practical, everyday contexts, such as a fair process, a fair game, or fair trade. Another related term is 공평 (gong-pyeong), meaning 'equity' or 'evenness'. 공평 emphasizes treating everyone equally without discrimination, often focusing on the distribution of resources or opportunities. 평등 (pyeong-deung), meaning 'equality', is also frequently discussed alongside 정의. 평등 is the state of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities. While a just society (정의로운 사회) strives for equality (평등), justice sometimes requires recognizing differences to achieve true fairness. Additionally, words like 도리 (do-ri), meaning 'duty' or 'reason', and 윤리 (yun-ri), meaning 'ethics', share the moral space with 정의. 도리 refers to the right way of doing things or the moral obligation one has, often tied to traditional values. 윤리 refers to the system of moral principles governing behavior. When choosing between these words, consider the scope and context. Use 정의 for grand, overarching moral and societal ideals. Use 공정 for procedural fairness, 공평 for equitable distribution, and 평등 for equal rights. By differentiating these terms, you can articulate your thoughts on morality, fairness, and society with much greater precision and depth, reflecting a sophisticated understanding of Korean vocabulary.

공정 (Fairness)
Focuses on impartial processes and unbiased treatment in specific situations.
공평 (Equity)
Emphasizes even distribution and lack of discrimination.
평등 (Equality)
The state of having the same rights, status, and opportunities.

시험 평가는 정의롭기보다 공정해야 합니다.

자원을 공평하게 나누는 것이 정의의 시작입니다.

모든 인간은 법 앞에 평등하며, 이는 정의의 기본 원칙입니다.

인간으로서의 도리를 다하는 것이 곧 정의를 실천하는 길입니다.

기업 윤리를 지키는 것은 경제적 정의와 직결됩니다.

How Formal Is It?

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

1

정의는 중요해요.

Justice is important.

Noun + 은/는 (topic marker) + 형용사 (adjective).

2

우리는 정의를 원해요.

We want justice.

Noun + 을/를 (object marker) + 동사 (verb).

3

이것은 정의입니다.

This is justice.

Noun + 입니다 (formal copula).

4

정의가 이겨요.

Justice wins.

Noun + 가 (subject marker) + 동사 (verb).

5

정의를 사랑해요.

I love justice.

Object marker + verb.

6

그는 정의를 알아요.

He knows justice.

Subject + Object + Verb.

7

정의가 없어요.

There is no justice.

Noun + 가 + 없다 (to not exist).

8

정의를 찾아요.

I am looking for justice.

Object + Verb.

1

그 경찰관은 정의로워요.

That police officer is just.

Adjective form '정의롭다' conjugated to '정의로워요'.

2

정의를 지키는 것은 어려워요.

Protecting justice is difficult.

Verb stem + 는 것 (gerund form).

3

우리는 정의로운 사회에 살고 싶어요.

We want to live in a just society.

Adjective modifier '정의로운' + Noun.

4

이 결정은 정의롭지 않아요.

This decision is not just.

Adjective stem + 지 않다 (negative form).

5

영화에서 정의가 승리했습니다.

In the movie, justice won.

Past tense formal ending '-았습니다'.

6

항상 정의의 편에 서세요.

Always stand on the side of justice.

Noun + 의 (possessive particle).

7

정의감이 강한 친구가 있어요.

I have a friend with a strong sense of justice.

Compound noun '정의감' (sense of justice).

8

정의를 위해 싸우는 사람들이 많아요.

There are many people fighting for justice.

Noun + 를 위해 (for the sake of).

1

사회적 정의를 실현하기 위해 법이 필요합니다.

Laws are necessary to realize social justice.

Phrase '정의를 실현하다' + 기 위해 (in order to).

2

모든 사람에게 평등한 기회를 주는 것이 정의라고 생각합니다.

I think giving equal opportunities to everyone is justice.

Noun + (이)라고 생각하다 (I think that...).

3

그 정치인은 항상 정의를 부르짖지만, 행동은 다릅니다.

That politician always cries out for justice, but his actions are different.

Verb '부르짖다' (to cry out) + 지만 (but).

4

법원은 오직 증거와 정의에 따라 판결을 내려야 합니다.

The court must hand down verdicts based only on evidence and justice.

Noun + 에 따라 (according to).

5

경제적 정의가 보장되지 않으면 사회 갈등이 심해집니다.

If economic justice is not guaranteed, social conflict worsens.

Passive voice '보장되다' + 지 않으면 (if not).

6

그 사건은 우리 사회의 정의가 살아있는지 묻고 있습니다.

That incident is asking whether justice is alive in our society.

Verb stem + 는지 (whether/if).

7

진정한 정의는 처벌보다 회복에 초점을 맞춰야 합니다.

True justice should focus on recovery rather than punishment.

Noun + 보다 (rather than).

8

우리는 불의에 침묵하지 말고 정의를 요구해야 합니다.

We must not be silent against injustice, but demand justice.

Verb stem + 지 말고 (instead of doing X, do Y).

1

과거의 잘못을 바로잡는 것이 역사적 정의를 세우는 첫걸음입니다.

Correcting the wrongs of the past is the first step in establishing historical justice.

Phrase '정의를 세우다' (to establish justice).

2

절차적 정의가 훼손된다면 결과의 정당성도 인정받기 어렵습니다.

If procedural justice is compromised, it is difficult for the legitimacy of the result to be recognized.

Conditional '다면' with passive '훼손되다'.

3

분배적 정의에 대한 사회적 합의를 도출하는 과정은 험난합니다.

The process of reaching a social consensus on distributive justice is arduous.

Complex noun phrase modifying '과정'.

4

그 시민단체는 권력의 남용을 감시하고 사법 정의를 수호하는 데 앞장서고 있습니다.

The civic group is taking the lead in monitoring the abuse of power and defending judicial justice.

Verb + 는 데 앞장서다 (to take the lead in doing).

5

때로는 다수의 이익을 위해 소수의 희생을 강요하는 것이 과연 정의로운가 하는 의문이 듭니다.

Sometimes the question arises whether forcing the sacrifice of a minority for the benefit of the majority is truly just.

Question form '은/는가 하는 의문이 들다'.

6

정의의 여신상이 눈을 가리고 있는 이유는 편견 없이 공정하게 판결하기 위함입니다.

The reason the statue of Lady Justice is blindfolded is to judge fairly without prejudice.

Noun + 기 위함이다 (formal expression of purpose).

7

현대 사회에서 환경 정의는 세대 간의 형평성을 고려해야 하는 중요한 과제로 부상했습니다.

In modern society, environmental justice has emerged as an important task that must consider intergenerational equity.

Vocabulary '환경 정의' (environmental justice) and '형평성' (equity).

8

그의 소설은 부조리한 현실 속에서 개인의 정의감이 어떻게 무너지는지를 예리하게 포착합니다.

His novel sharply captures how an individual's sense of justice collapses in an absurd reality.

Indirect question '어떻게 무너지는지를'.

1

롤스의 정의론은 무지의 베일이라는 사고 실험을 통해 공정으로서의 정의를 도출해냅니다.

Rawls's Theory of Justice derives justice as fairness through the thought experiment of the veil of ignorance.

Academic terminology and complex sentence structure.

2

응보적 정의에 매몰되기보다는 가해자와 피해자의 관계 회복을 지향하는 회복적 정의 패러다임으로의 전환이 시급합니다.

Rather than being buried in retributive justice, a shift to a restorative justice paradigm that aims to restore the relationship between the perpetrator and the victim is urgent.

Contrastive structure '기보다는' and advanced vocabulary.

3

자본주의 체제 내에서 발생하는 구조적 불평등을 해소하지 않고서는 실질적인 경제적 정의를 논하기 어불성설입니다.

It is nonsensical to discuss substantive economic justice without resolving the structural inequalities that arise within the capitalist system.

Idiomatic expression '어불성설이다' (nonsensical/illogical).

4

사법부의 독립성은 법의 지배와 정의 실현을 위한 필요충분조건이라 할 수 있습니다.

The independence of the judiciary can be said to be a necessary and sufficient condition for the rule of law and the realization of justice.

Formal academic phrasing '필요충분조건이라 할 수 있다'.

5

과도기적 정의의 관점에서 볼 때, 과거사 청산은 단순히 처벌의 문제가 아니라 공동체의 도덕적 기반을 재건하는 작업입니다.

From the perspective of transitional justice, the settlement of past history is not simply a matter of punishment, but the work of rebuilding the moral foundation of the community.

Advanced phrasing '관점에서 볼 때' and 'A가 아니라 B이다'.

6

인공지능 알고리즘에 내재된 편향성은 데이터 정의라는 새로운 윤리적 화두를 던져주고 있습니다.

The bias inherent in AI algorithms is presenting a new ethical topic of data justice.

Contemporary vocabulary '데이터 정의' (data justice) and '화두를 던지다'.

7

국제 사회는 강대국의 패권주의를 견제하고 보편적 인권과 글로벌 정의를 수호하기 위한 연대를 강화해야 합니다.

The international community must strengthen solidarity to check the hegemonism of powerful nations and defend universal human rights and global justice.

Diplomatic and political vocabulary.

8

법적 정의와 도덕적 정의가 충돌하는 딜레마 상황에서 법관은 고도의 윤리적 결단을 내릴 수밖에 없습니다.

In a dilemma where legal justice and moral justice collide, a judge has no choice but to make a highly ethical decision.

Grammar 'ㄹ 수밖에 없다' (have no choice but to).

1

정의라는 기표가 정치적 수사로 전락하여 진영 논리에 따라 자의적으로 해석되는 작금의 현실은 심히 우려스럽습니다.

The current reality, where the signifier of justice has degenerated into political rhetoric and is arbitrarily interpreted according to factional logic, is deeply concerning.

Highly formal and academic vocabulary (기표, 수사, 진영 논리).

2

형식적 법치주의의 함정에 빠져 실질적 정의를 외면하는 판결은 사법부에 대한 대중의 신뢰를 근본적으로 훼손하는 자해 행위와 다름없습니다.

A ruling that falls into the trap of formal rule of law and turns a blind eye to substantive justice is no different from an act of self-harm that fundamentally undermines public trust in the judiciary.

Complex comparative structure '와/과 다름없다'.

3

기후 정의의 담론은 단순히 환경 보호의 차원을 넘어, 탄소 배출의 역사적 책임과 개발도상국의 발전 권리 사이의 첨예한 갈등을 내포하고 있습니다.

The discourse on climate justice goes beyond mere environmental protection and implies a sharp conflict between the historical responsibility for carbon emissions and the right to development of developing countries.

Advanced conceptual vocabulary and sophisticated sentence flow.

4

분배적 정의의 실현 기제로서 조세 제도의 누진성을 강화하는 것은 양극화 해소를 위한 불가피한 시대적 요청입니다.

Strengthening the progressivity of the tax system as a mechanism for realizing distributive justice is an inevitable demand of the times to resolve polarization.

Economic and policy-oriented vocabulary.

5

소수자의 권리 보장이 다수결의 원칙과 상충할 때, 민주주의 체제는 헌법적 가치로서의 정의를 어떻게 수호할 것인가라는 난제에 직면하게 됩니다.

When the guarantee of minority rights conflicts with the principle of majority rule, the democratic system faces the difficult question of how to defend justice as a constitutional value.

Philosophical and political science terminology.

6

과거 국가 폭력에 대한 진실 규명과 책임자 처벌 없이는 진정한 의미의 이행기 정의가 완수되었다고 평가할 수 없습니다.

Without uncovering the truth about past state violence and punishing those responsible, it cannot be evaluated that transitional justice in the true sense has been completed.

Double negative structure for emphasis '없이는 ~ 할 수 없다'.

7

플랫폼 노동의 확산과 함께 대두되는 노동 정의의 문제는 기존의 노동법 체계로는 포섭하기 어려운 사각지대를 여실히 드러내고 있습니다.

The issue of labor justice, which is emerging with the spread of platform labor, clearly reveals blind spots that are difficult to cover with the existing labor law system.

Contemporary socioeconomic vocabulary.

8

절대적 빈곤의 퇴치뿐만 아니라 상대적 박탈감의 해소까지 포괄하는 확장된 개념의 사회적 정의가 현대 복지 국가의 새로운 지향점이 되어야 합니다.

An expanded concept of social justice that encompasses not only the eradication of absolute poverty but also the resolution of relative deprivation must become the new goal of the modern welfare state.

Complex correlative conjunction '뿐만 아니라 ~까지'.

常见搭配

정의를 실현하다 (to realize justice)
정의를 구현하다 (to embody justice)
정의를 지키다 (to protect justice)
정의를 부르짖다 (to cry out for justice)
정의로운 사회 (a just society)
사회적 정의 (social justice)
경제적 정의 (economic justice)
사법 정의 (judicial justice)
정의의 이름으로 (in the name of justice)
정의감이 투철하다 (to have a strong sense of justice)

常用短语

정의는 살아있다 (Justice is alive)

정의가 승리하다 (Justice wins)

정의의 심판 (Judgment of justice)

정의의 사도 (Apostle of justice)

정의를 위해 싸우다 (Fight for justice)

정의에 어긋나다 (To go against justice)

정의를 요구하다 (To demand justice)

정의를 세우다 (To establish justice)

정의의 여신 (Lady Justice)

정의를 갈망하다 (To thirst for justice)

容易混淆的词

정의 vs 정의 (Definition - 定義): Same spelling and pronunciation, completely different meaning.

정의 vs 공정 (Fairness - 公正): More about procedural fairness and lack of bias in specific situations.

정의 vs 평등 (Equality - 平等): About sameness in status or rights, which is a component of justice but not the entirety.

习语与表达

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

容易混淆

정의 vs

정의 vs

정의 vs

정의 vs

정의 vs

句型

如何使用

formality

Highly suitable for formal writing, debates, and news. Can sound overly dramatic in casual complaints about minor unfairness.

homonym warning

Always check the context to ensure you are not confusing it with 'definition'.

collocation importance

The meaning is heavily dependent on the accompanying verb (e.g., 실현하다, 지키다, 부르짖다).

常见错误
  • Using '정의를 내리다' to mean 'to deliver justice'.
  • Saying '정의 사람' for 'a just person'.
  • Using 정의 for minor unfairness (e.g., '이 게임은 정의가 없어').
  • Confusing 정의 (Justice) with 평등 (Equality).
  • Pronouncing it strictly as [정-의] with a heavy 'ui' sound in fast speech.

小贴士

Collocations are Key

Don't just memorize the word; memorize the phrases. '정의를 실현하다' (realize justice) is much more useful than just knowing '정의'. Native speakers use these set phrases constantly. Practice them together.

Heavy Weight

Remember that 정의 is a 'heavy' word. It deals with morality, law, and society. Don't use it for trivial matters like someone taking the last slice of pizza. Use '불공평해' (unfair) instead.

Adjective Form

To describe something as just, always use '정의롭다'. It conjugates like a 'ㅂ' irregular verb: 정의로워요, 정의롭습니다, 정의로운. Practice this conjugation to avoid sounding awkward.

Context Clues

When listening, if you hear '정의' followed by '내리다' (to make/give), it means definition. If followed by '실현하다', it means justice. Train your ears to catch the verb, not just the noun.

Political Rhetoric

Pay attention to Korean news or political speeches. You will hear '정의' used frequently to appeal to the public's sense of morality. Understanding this helps you grasp the emotional tone of Korean politics.

Related Words

Learn '공정' (fairness) and '평등' (equality) alongside '정의'. Knowing the differences between these three will elevate your Korean from intermediate to advanced. They are related but not interchangeable.

Learn '사필귀정'

Memorize the idiom '사필귀정' (Justice will prevail). It's a great phrase to use when discussing movies, books, or real-life situations where the 'good guy' finally wins. It sounds very sophisticated.

Pronounce as [정이]

While [정의] is correct, pronouncing it as [정이] will make you sound much more natural and fluent in everyday conversation. Don't stress over the '의' sound too much.

Essay Topic

'정의' is a fantastic topic for advanced writing practice. Try writing a short essay on what '사회적 정의' (social justice) means to you. It will force you to use advanced vocabulary and grammar.

Watch Legal Dramas

Korean legal dramas are the best place to hear '정의' used in context. Watch shows like 'Stranger' (비밀의 숲) or 'Law School'. You'll hear the word and its collocations in almost every episode.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a judge saying 'It is JUST (정) WE (의) do the right thing.'

词源

Derived from classical Chinese philosophy, combining the concepts of correctness and moral righteousness.

文化背景

Highly values collective justice and moral integrity, often prioritizing societal fairness over individual loopholes.

Legal dramas are immensely popular, reflecting a societal fascination with the triumph of justice over corruption.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"한국 사회에서 가장 시급하게 실현되어야 할 정의는 무엇이라고 생각하나요?"

"법이 항상 정의롭다고 생각하시나요?"

"최근 뉴스에서 정의가 실현되었다고 느낀 사건이 있나요?"

"정의로운 사회를 만들기 위해 개인이 할 수 있는 일은 무엇일까요?"

"영화나 드라마에서 본 가장 인상 깊은 정의로운 캐릭터는 누구인가요?"

日记主题

당신이 생각하는 '정의'의 의미를 자신의 언어로 설명해 보세요.

살면서 불의를 경험하거나 목격했을 때의 감정과 대처 방법을 적어보세요.

만약 당신이 판사라면, 법적 정의와 도덕적 정의가 충돌할 때 어떤 선택을 할 것인가요?

현대 사회에서 경제적 정의가 왜 중요한지 논리적으로 서술해 보세요.

역사적으로 정의를 위해 싸운 인물 중 가장 존경하는 사람과 그 이유를 써보세요.

常见问题

10 个问题

Context is key. If the sentence involves verbs like 'realize' (실현하다), 'protect' (지키다), or discusses society, laws, or morality, it means justice. If it involves verbs like 'make' (내리다) or discusses words, concepts, or dictionaries, it means definition. The adjective form '정의롭다' (just) only applies to justice. The verb form '정의하다' (to define) only applies to definition. Paying attention to these collocations makes it easy to distinguish.

It is generally not recommended. 정의 carries a heavy moral and societal weight. Using it for a game sounds overly dramatic or even comical. For games, sports, or minor everyday situations, it is much more natural to use 공정 (fairness) or 불공평하다 (to be unfair). Save 정의 for significant legal, ethical, or social issues.

정의 (Justice) is a broad, overarching moral philosophy about what is right and equitable in society. 공정 (Fairness) is more specific and practical, referring to an unbiased process or equal treatment in a given situation. For example, a fair trial (공정한 재판) is a process used to achieve justice (정의). You fight for 정의, but you demand a 공정 process.

You should use the adjective form and say '정의로운 사람'. Another very common and natural way to express this is '정의감이 강한 사람' (a person with a strong sense of justice) or '정의감이 투철한 사람'. Do not say '정의 사람', as that is grammatically incorrect.

It depends on the topic. You won't hear it when discussing what to eat for lunch. However, Koreans frequently discuss politics, social issues, and news, and in those contexts, 정의 is used very often. It is also a staple word in the extremely popular genre of Korean legal dramas and movies.

사필귀정 (事必歸正) is a four-character idiom (Saja-seongeo) that literally means 'All affairs must return to the right path'. It is used to express the belief that justice will ultimately prevail, and that right and wrong will eventually be sorted out. It is a comforting phrase used when facing temporary injustice.

The official pronunciation allows for both [정의] and [정이]. In standard, slow speech, you might hear the '의' sound clearly. However, in everyday, natural conversation, the vast majority of Koreans pronounce it as [정이] (jeong-i). Both are understood perfectly.

The most common verbs are 실현하다 (to realize/actualize), 지키다 (to protect/defend), 구현하다 (to embody/realize), and 부르짖다 (to cry out for). You will also frequently see it with verbs like 요구하다 (to demand) and 세우다 (to establish). Learning these chunks is crucial for fluency.

The noun 정의 itself cannot be used directly as an adjective. You must add the suffix '-롭다' to make it '정의롭다' (to be just). For example, '정의로운 결정' (a just decision). You cannot say '정의 결정'.

South Korea has a tumultuous modern history marked by struggles against authoritarianism and a rapid push for democratization. The fight for human rights and fair governance was framed as a fight for 정의. This history, combined with traditional Confucian values emphasizing moral righteousness, makes justice a deeply emotional and highly valued concept in Korean society.

自我测试 180 个问题

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

相关内容

有帮助吗？

评论 (0)

登录后评论
还没有评论。成为第一个分享想法的人！