A1 Present Tense 20 min read 简单

用 'Fazer' 描述天气 (制造太阳)

Portuguese weather 'makes' nouns (heat, cold, sun) rather than 'is' adjectives, using the impersonal verb 'fazer'.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use the verb 'fazer' in the third-person singular to describe weather conditions; never change it to plural.

  • Always use the third-person singular: 'Faz sol' (It is sunny).
  • Never use a subject pronoun like 'ele' or 'ela' for weather.
  • The verb 'fazer' stays the same even if the weather condition is plural-sounding.
Faz + [Weather Condition] (e.g., Faz + calor)

Overview

有没有注意到葡萄牙语使用者在谈论天气时，好像天气在主动*做*（fazer）什么一样？中文里我们说“天冷”，英语说“it is cold”，但葡语使用者说“它制造寒冷” (faz frio)。这不仅仅是一个奇怪的翻译问题，而是语言概念化大气条件的根本转变。用动词 fazer（做/制造）来描述天气是你学习葡语的第一个“灵光一闪”的时刻。它能防止你听起来像个直译机器人，并帮助你像母语者一样描述这一天。无论你是为了去里约的周末海滩之旅查看天气应用，还是在WhatsApp群里抱怨天气太热，这个结构都是必不可少的。

How This Grammar Works

核心概念很简单：在葡萄牙语中，天气状况通常被视为大自然产生的名词，而不仅仅是描述空气的形容词。你不会说这一天“是”晴朗的；你说这一天“制造”太阳。动词 fazer 在这里变成了无人称动词。它没有主语——没有“他”或“她”在做这个动作。它只是*发生*。因为它是无人称的，所以它严格保持第三人称单数形式：faz。无论你谈论的是一个晴天还是十个晴天，动词永远不会变成复数。它是你句子中稳定的锚点。

Formation Pattern

1
以无人称动词 faz（fazer 的现在时）开始。
2
紧接着加上天气名词。
3
（可选）在动词和名词之间加上 muito（非常）来表示强度。
4
公式：
5
Faz + (可选 muito) + [名词]
6
常见组合：
7
Faz sol (晴天 / 字面：制造太阳)
8
Faz calor (热 / 字面：制造热量)
9
Faz frio (冷 / 字面：制造寒冷)
10
Faz vento (刮风 / 字面：制造风)
11
Faz bom tempo (天气好)
12
过去和未来：
13
昨天：Fez sol (昨天是晴天)
14
明天：Vai fazer calor (明天会很热)

When To Use It

每当你描述天气的一般状态或气候时，请使用此结构。它非常适合：
  • 闲聊： 电梯里的万能开场白。
  • 计划：
    Vamos à praia? Faz sol hoje.
    (我们去海滩吗？今天是大晴天。)
  • 抱怨：
    Faz muito calor neste escritório!
    (这个办公室太热了！)
  • 旅游Vlog： 向你的粉丝描述目的地。
它意味着这种现象正在发生。请注意，对于雨 (chover) 和雪 (nevar)，葡萄牙语有特定的动词，所以你通常不会说 faz chuva（虽然 faz chuva 存在于某些古老或诗意的语境中，但 está chovendo 或 chove 是标准说法）。Fazer 严格用于名词：太阳、热、冷、风和“天气”本身。

Common Mistakes

“是”（Is）的陷阱：
初学者喜欢把“It is cold”翻译成 É frio。虽然 é frio 在语法上是可能的，但它通常描述的是永久特征（例如，“冰是冷的”或“库里奇巴是一个寒冷的城市”）。对于*现在*的天气，你必须使用 faz 或 está。
形容词混淆：
不要说 Faz quente（制造热-形容词）。Quente 是形容词。Fazer 需要一个名词 (calor)。
  • ✗ Faz quente (错)
  • ✓ Faz calor (对)
  • ✓ Está quente (对 - 使用 estar + 形容词)
复数陷阱：
永远不要对天气说 fazem。即使你在谈论“许多炎热的日子” (muitos dias de calor)，动词仍然是单数。
  • ✗ Fazem 30 graus (错)
  • ✓ Faz 30 graus (对)

Contrast With Similar Patterns

Fazer vs. Estar：
这是最大的困惑来源。两者都使用，但语法不同。
  • Fazer + 名词： Faz frio。（关注现象）。
  • Estar + 形容词： Está frio。（关注状态/条件）。
在随意的巴西葡萄牙语中，Está + 形容词非常常用于表达直接的感觉：“Nossa, está muito quente aqui!”（哇，这里好热！）。Faz 感觉更能描述当天的性质。
Ter (有)：
有时你会听到 Tem sol（有太阳），这在非常口语化的巴西葡语中，功能就像 Há（有）。为了标准的正确性，请坚持使用 Faz，但要在街头能听懂 Tem。

Quick FAQ

问：我可以说 Faz chuva 吗？
答：技术上可以，但听起来很古老或书面化。只需说 Está chovendo（正在下雨）或 Chove。
问：我怎么说“天气很热”？
答：Faz muito calor。注意在这个特定结构中我们通常使用 muito（很多/非常），而不是 tão（那么），尽管 tão 可以与形容词一起使用 (está tão quente)。
问：葡萄牙也这样用吗？
答：是的！这个结构在巴西和葡萄牙都是标准的。但是，faz 的发音不同（巴西：“fas”，葡萄牙：“fash”）。

Conjugation of Fazer (Impersonal)

Form Portuguese English
Affirmative
Faz sol
It is sunny
Negative
Não faz sol
It is not sunny
Question
Faz sol?
Is it sunny?
Past
Fez sol
It was sunny
Future
Fará sol
It will be sunny

Meanings

The verb 'fazer' (to make/do) is used impersonally to describe current weather conditions.

1

Temperature and General Weather

Describing how the air feels or general sky conditions.

“Faz frio.”

“Faz sol.”

Reference Table

Reference table for 用 'Fazer' 描述天气 (制造太阳)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Faz + Noun
Faz calor
Negative
Não + faz + Noun
Não faz calor
Question
Faz + Noun + ?
Faz calor?
Past
Fez + Noun
Fez calor
Future
Fará + Noun
Fará calor
Duration
Faz + Time
Faz dois dias

正式程度

正式
Faz calor.

Faz calor. (Describing temperature)

中性
Faz calor.

Faz calor. (Describing temperature)

非正式
Faz um calorão!

Faz um calorão! (Describing temperature)

俚语
Tá um calor do cão!

Tá um calor do cão! (Describing temperature)

Weather Expressions with Fazer

FAZ

Temperature

  • calor heat
  • frio cold

Sky

  • sol sun

Wind

  • vento wind

Fazer vs Estar

Fazer (Nouns)
Faz sol It is sunny
Estar (Adjectives)
Está quente It is hot

Choosing the right verb

1

Is it a noun?

YES
Use FAZ
NO
Use ESTÁ
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按水平分级的例句

1

Faz sol hoje.

It is sunny today.

2

Faz frio aqui.

It is cold here.

3

Faz calor no verão.

It is hot in the summer.

4

Faz vento lá fora.

It is windy outside.

1

Não faz sol hoje, está nublado.

It is not sunny today, it is cloudy.

2

Faz muito frio em Curitiba?

Is it very cold in Curitiba?

3

Ontem fez calor, mas hoje faz frio.

Yesterday it was hot, but today it is cold.

4

Faz tempo que não faz sol.

It has been a long time since it was sunny.

1

Dizem que amanhã faz um tempo bom.

They say it will be nice weather tomorrow.

2

Não faz tanto frio como eu pensava.

It is not as cold as I thought.

3

Faz um vento gelado nesta época.

It is icy windy at this time of year.

4

Se faz sol, vamos à praia.

If it is sunny, we will go to the beach.

1

Embora faça frio, o sol brilha.

Although it is cold, the sun shines.

2

Faz um clima agradável nesta região.

It is a pleasant climate in this region.

3

Faz dias que não para de chover.

It has been days that it hasn't stopped raining.

4

Faz um calor insuportável no meio-dia.

It is unbearably hot at noon.

1

Faz um tempo que não se via um inverno tão rigoroso.

It has been a while since such a harsh winter was seen.

2

Faz um contraste enorme entre o dia e a noite.

There is a huge contrast between day and night.

3

Faz-se necessário preparar para o frio.

It is necessary to prepare for the cold.

4

Faz um tempo que a meteorologia previu isso.

It has been a while since the weather forecast predicted this.

1

Faz um tempo imemorial que não neva aqui.

It has been an immemorial time since it snowed here.

2

Faz-se presente um clima de incerteza.

A climate of uncertainty is present.

3

Faz um tempo que a natureza não nos presenteia com sol.

It has been a while since nature gifted us with sun.

4

Faz um tempo que a mudança climática se faz sentir.

It has been a while since climate change made itself felt.

容易混淆

Weather with 'Fazer' (It makes sun) 对比 Fazer vs Estar

Learners mix up nouns and adjectives.

Weather with 'Fazer' (It makes sun) 对比 Fazer vs Haver

Both can mean 'there is'.

Weather with 'Fazer' (It makes sun) 对比 Singular vs Plural

Learners pluralize 'fazer'.

常见错误

✗

É sol

✓

Faz sol

Use 'fazer' for weather nouns.
✗

Fazem sol

✓

Faz sol

Never pluralize the impersonal verb.
✗

Ele faz sol

✓

Faz sol

No subject pronoun needed.
✗

Faz quente

✓

Está quente

Use 'estar' with adjectives.
✗

Faziam sol

✓

Fazia sol

Keep the verb singular in the past tense.
✗

Não faziam sol

✓

Não fazia sol

Impersonal verbs stay singular.
✗

Faz um tempo bom

✓

Faz tempo bom

Article usage varies.
✗

Se façam sol

✓

Se fizer sol

Correct subjunctive conjugation.
✗

Fazendo sol

✓

Faz sol

Gerund is rarely used for weather.
✗

Faz-se sol

✓

Faz sol

Reflexive is not needed.
✗

Faz-se necessário que faça sol

✓

Faz-se necessário que esteja sol

Subjunctive usage with 'estar'.
✗

Faziam-se sentir o calor

✓

Fazia-se sentir o calor

Agreement with the subject.
✗

Faz-se o sol

✓

Faz sol

Avoid unnecessary reflexive.

句型

Faz ___ hoje.

Não faz ___ hoje.

Faz ___ que não chove.

Se fizer ___, vamos sair.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Faz sol aí?

Weather App very common

Faz 20 graus.

Small Talk very common

Faz um calor hoje, né?

Travel Planning common

Faz frio em Lisboa?

Job Interview occasional

Faz um tempo que trabalho aqui.

Food Delivery occasional

Faz tempo que pedi.

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💡

Noun vs Adjective

If it's a noun (sol), use 'faz'. If it's an adjective (quente), use 'está'.
⚠️

Don't Pluralize

Never say 'fazem'. It is always 'faz'.
🎯

Use 'muito'

Add 'muito' to intensify: 'Faz muito frio'.
💬

Weather Talk

Brazilians love talking about the weather. Use these phrases to start conversations.

Smart Tips

Check if you are using a noun or adjective.

Faz quente. → Está quente.

Keep the verb singular.

Fazem dias quentes. → Faz dias quentes.

Just add a question mark.

Faz sol? → Faz sol?

Use 'fez'.

Faz sol ontem. → Fez sol ontem.

发音

/fas/

Faz

The 'z' at the end sounds like 's' in most dialects.

Question

Faz sol? ↗

Rising intonation for yes/no questions.

记住它

记忆技巧

Fazer is the 'Maker' of the weather. If you want to say the weather is doing something, let Fazer 'make' it for you.

视觉联想

Imagine a giant sun wearing a chef's hat, 'making' (fazer) a sunny day in a big pot.

Rhyme

When the weather is the goal, use 'faz' to keep control.

Story

Maria woke up. She looked outside. 'Faz sol!' she shouted. She went to the beach. 'Faz calor,' she said, and jumped in the water.

Word Web

FazSolCalorFrioVentoTempo

挑战

Look out your window right now and say the weather in Portuguese using 'Faz'.

文化笔记

People love talking about the weather, especially the heat.

Weather is often discussed in relation to the coast.

Weather is often described by the rainy or dry season.

From Latin 'facere', meaning 'to make'.

对话开场白

“

Faz sol hoje?

“

Faz muito frio na sua cidade?

“

Faz tempo que você não vai à praia?

“

Você acha que faz um clima bom para viajar?

日记主题

Describe the weather today.
Compare the weather in your city to Brazil.
Write a weather forecast for the weekend.
Reflect on how weather affects your mood.

常见错误

Incorrect

正确

Incorrect

正确

Incorrect

正确

Incorrect

正确

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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

___ sol hoje.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz
Use 'faz' for weather nouns.
Choose the correct sentence. 多项选择

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz calor
Use 'faz' for weather.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Fazem frio.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz frio
Verb must be singular.
Make it negative. Sentence Transformation

Faz sol.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Não faz sol
Place 'não' before the verb.
Conjugate for past. Conjugation Drill

Faz sol (yesterday).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Fez sol
Past of 'faz' is 'fez'.
Match the phrase. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sol
Fazer pairs with nouns.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

hoje / faz / sol

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz sol hoje
Standard word order.
True or False? True False Rule

The verb 'fazer' changes for plural weather.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
It is an impersonal verb.

Score: /8

练习题

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

___ sol hoje.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz
Use 'faz' for weather nouns.
Choose the correct sentence. 多项选择

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz calor
Use 'faz' for weather.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Fazem frio.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz frio
Verb must be singular.
Make it negative. Sentence Transformation

Faz sol.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Não faz sol
Place 'não' before the verb.
Conjugate for past. Conjugation Drill

Faz sol (yesterday).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Fez sol
Past of 'faz' is 'fez'.
Match the phrase. Match Pairs

Faz...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sol
Fazer pairs with nouns.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

hoje / faz / sol

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz sol hoje
Standard word order.
True or False? True False Rule

The verb 'fazer' changes for plural weather.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
It is an impersonal verb.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

12 exercises
Complete with the correct word. 填空

Ontem ___ muito frio.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: fez
Select the correct noun. 填空

Faz ___ lá fora.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: vento
Choose the best translation. 多项选择

'It is sunny today.'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz sol hoje.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Amanhã vai fazer chuvas.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Amanhã vai chover.
Arrange the words to form a sentence. Sentence Reorder

calor / muito / Hoje / faz

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Hoje faz muito calor
Match the Portuguese to English. Match Pairs

Match the weather conditions.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ["It's sunny","It's windy","It's hot","It's cold"]
Which fits the context? 多项选择

You are sweating on the beach. You say:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz muito calor!
Translate to Portuguese. 翻译

It is very cold.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz muito frio.
Correct the pluralization. Error Correction

Fazem 40 graus no deserto.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz 40 graus no deserto.
Choose the future form. 填空

Amanhã ___ bom tempo.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: vai fazer
Select the correct intensity word. 多项选择

Faz ___ frio.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: muito
Unscramble the sentence. Sentence Reorder

no / Faz / sol / Brasil / sempre

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Sempre faz sol no Brasil

Score: /12

常见问题 (8)

No, only for weather nouns like 'sol', 'frio', 'calor'.

It is an impersonal verb, so it stays in the third-person singular.

It is common in some regions, but 'faz sol' is the standard.

Use the past tense: 'Fez calor'.

No, use 'estar' for adjectives like 'quente'.

Yes, the rule is the same in both.

Use the future: 'Fará sol'.

Use 'Faz sol?' or 'Como está o tempo?'.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

Hace sol

The verb is 'hacer' instead of 'fazer'.

French high

Il fait beau

French requires the subject 'il'.

German low

Es ist sonnig

German uses 'to be' + adjective, not 'to make' + noun.

Japanese low

Hare desu

Japanese does not use a 'make' verb.

Arabic low

Al-jaww mushmis

Arabic does not use a verb for weather.

Chinese low

Tianqi hen hao

Chinese does not use a 'make' verb.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
动词“给”(dar)：从送礼到点赞
Next
使用 Estar 描述天气：天气热 (Está Quente)

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