B1 · 中級 チャプター 4

Intentions and Desired Results

6 トータルルール
62 例文
5 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of articulating your goals, intentions, and the results of your daily actions in Korean.

  • Express the purpose of movement using specific motion-based grammar.
  • State your future plans and personal intentions with clarity.
  • Connect your actions to their desired outcomes using result-oriented structures.
Speak with purpose, act with intention.

学べること

Ready to take your Korean conversations to the next level? This chapter is all about giving you the power to articulate your intentions, plans, and the desired results of your actions with native-like fluency. No more simply stating what you're doing – you'll master how to clearly communicate *why* you're doing it and *what outcome* you're aiming for! We'll kick things off by making your movements purposeful with 러/으러. This handy ending allows you to explain your reason for going or coming somewhere, like saying, "I'm going to the library *to study*.

Next, get ready to share your future with 려고/으려고, the perfect tool for expressing your personal intentions and plans, such as,
I'm planning *to meet friends* this weekend." Then, we dive into the versatile world of connecting actions to their results using -게 and ~도록. You'll learn to say so that or in order to, enabling you to explain, for example, "I'll study hard *so that* I pass the exam,
or even express doing something to an extreme degree, like
I ran *until* I was exhausted." By the end of this chapter, you won't just be speaking Korean; you'll be conveying your thoughts and motivations with precision and natural flow. Imagine planning a trip with Korean friends, explaining your study goals, or simply detailing the purpose behind your everyday actions. You'll sound more expressive, more confident, and truly B1! Let's get started!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Explain the purpose behind your travel and daily schedule using natural connective endings.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Construct detailed sentences explaining the results you hope to achieve through your actions.

チャプターガイド

Overview

Welcome to your essential B1 Korean grammar guide on expressing intentions and desired results! Mastering these structures is a crucial step for any learner aiming to achieve native-like fluency in Korean grammar. At the CEFR B1 level, you're moving beyond basic communication to articulate complex ideas, and this chapter will empower you to clearly communicate *why* you're doing something and *what outcome* you hope to achieve.
No more just stating facts; now you can share your motivations, plans, and the purpose behind your actions with precision.
This chapter introduces you to powerful Korean grammar patterns that allow you to express purpose and result. We'll start with 러/으러 for stating the purpose of going or coming somewhere, like explaining why you're heading to the library. Then, you'll learn 려고/으려고 to express your personal intentions and plans, perfect for discussing weekend activities or future goals.
Finally, we'll delve into the versatile -게 and -도록, which allow you to explain actions taken so that a certain result occurs, or even to describe actions performed until a certain point. By the end, you'll be able to convey your thoughts and motivations with a natural flow, significantly enhancing your B1 Korean communication skills.

How This Grammar Works

This chapter focuses on connecting your actions to your intentions, plans, and desired outcomes. Let's break down the core Korean grammar patterns you'll master.
First, 러/으러 is used to express the purpose of going or coming somewhere. It attaches to the stem of a verb that describes the action you intend to do. If the verb stem ends in a vowel or ㄹ (e.g., 가다, 만들다), use -러.
If it ends in a consonant (e.g., 먹다), use -으러. This structure is almost always followed by verbs like 가다 (to go), 오다 (to come), 다니다 (to attend/commute), etc.
* 도서관에 책을 읽으러 가요. (I'm going to the library to read a book.)
* 친구를 만나러 왔어요. (I came to meet a friend.)
Next, 려고/으려고 expresses a personal intention or plan. It attaches to a verb stem. If the verb stem ends in a vowel or ㄹ, use -려고.
If it ends in a consonant, use -으려고. This form is more general than 러/으러 and can be used with any verb, not just those of movement. It implies I intend to, I plan to, or "I'm going to."
* 주말에 영화를 보려고 해요. (I'm planning to watch a movie this weekend.)
* 한국어를 공부하려고 한국에 왔어요. (I came to Korea to study Korean.)
Then we have -게, a versatile ending that can indicate a result, purpose (so that, in order to), or an extent. It attaches to a verb or adjective stem. When expressing purpose or result, it means
so that [something happens]
or
in a way that [something happens].
* 문을 닫게 해 주세요. (Please close the door so that it's closed.)
* 모두 이해하게 설명해 주세요. (Please explain it so that everyone understands.)
Finally, -도록 also expresses purpose (so that, in order to) or an extent (until,
to the point where
). It attaches to a verb or adjective stem. It often implies a goal or a limit. While similar to -게 for purpose, -도록 strongly emphasizes the *result* or *extent* of an action.
* 시험에 합격하도록 열심히 공부했어요. (I studied hard so that I would pass the exam.)
* 배가 부르도록 먹었어요. (I ate until I was full.)
* 새벽까지 춤을 추도록 파티를 했어요. (We partied until dawn dancing.)

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong: 저는 커피를 마시러 공부해요. (I study to drink coffee.)
✓ Correct: 저는 커피를 마시려고 카페에 가요. (I go to the cafe to drink coffee.)
*Explanation:* 러/으러 is specifically for expressing the purpose of *going or coming* somewhere. You cannot use it with verbs that don't imply movement. If you want to express a general intention, use 려고/으려고.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 빨리 끝내려고 노력하세요. (Please try to finish quickly.)
✓ Correct: 빨리 끝내도록 노력하세요. (Please try to finish quickly.)
*Explanation:* While 려고/으려고 can express intention, when you're instructing or asking someone to *try* to achieve a result, -도록 is more natural and conveys
to the point of achieving
or
so that something happens.
-게 (빨리 끝나게 노력하세요) is also possible but -도록 is very common with 노력하다.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 문이 열리게 기다렸어요. (I waited so that the door would open.)
✓ Correct: 문이 열릴 때까지 기다렸어요. (I waited until the door opened.)
*Explanation:* While -게 can indicate a result, when expressing until a specific event happens, -도록 or -을 때까지 are more precise. -도록 would be 문이 열리도록 기다렸어요.

Real Conversations

A

A

주말에 뭐 하려고 해요? (What are you planning to do this weekend?)
B

B

친구랑 영화 보러 갈 거예요. (I'm going to watch a movie with a friend.)
A

A

한국어를 어떻게 하면 잘하게 될까요? (How can I become good at Korean?)
B

B

매일 꾸준히 공부하도록 노력해야 해요. (You have to try to study consistently every day.)
A

A

왜 이렇게 일찍 왔어요? (Why did you come so early?)
B

B

회의 준비를 미리 하려고 일찍 왔어요. (I came early to prepare for the meeting in advance.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How is 러/으러 different from -고 싶어서?

러/으러 explicitly states the *purpose for moving* (going/coming) to a location, while -고 싶어서 states a *desire as a reason* for any action.

Q

Can 려고/으려고 be used with commands or suggestions?

Generally no, 려고/으려고 expresses *one's own* intention. For commands/suggestions, you'd use other forms like -세요 or -읍시다.

Q

What's the main difference between -게 and -도록 when expressing so that?

Both can express purpose. -게 often describes *how* something is done to achieve a result, or simply the result itself. -도록 often emphasizes reaching a *specific goal or extent*, and is common with verbs like 노력하다 (to try) or 하다 (to do).

Cultural Context

These grammar patterns are fundamental for expressing your thoughts and intentions clearly in Korean. Native speakers use 려고/으려고 constantly in daily conversations to share plans and intentions, from simple weekend activities to long-term goals. 러/으러 is indispensable for explaining the purpose of trips or errands.
The result connectors -게 and -도록 are crucial for giving instructions, explaining motivations, or describing actions that lead to a certain state, making your communication much more precise and nuanced.

重要な例文 (8)

1

주말에 친구랑 같이 영화 보러 가요.

週末に友達と一緒に映画を見に行きます。

〜しに行く・目的の表現 (러/으러)
2

오늘 예쁜 옷 사러 명동에 왔어요.

今日、可愛い服を買いに明洞に来ました。

〜しに行く・目的の表現 (러/으러)
3

한국 친구랑 대화하려고 한국어를 배워요.

韓国人の友達と会話しようと、韓国語を学んでいます。

〜しようと思って、〜するために (려고/으려고)
4

살을 빼려고 매일 운동하고 있어요.

痩せようと、毎日運動しています。

〜しようと思って、〜するために (려고/으려고)
5

사진 잘 나오게 좀 웃어 봐!

写真がよく写るように、ちょっと笑ってみて！

-ge: ～するように、～く (目的・結果)
6

다들 들을 수 있게 크게 말해 주세요.

みんなに聞こえるように、大きく話してください。

-ge: ～するように、～く (目的・結果)
7

Please speak loudly so I can hear you well.

よく聞こえるように大きく話してください。

韓国語の「〜できるように」：目的と結果の語尾 (-게)
8

Be quiet so the kids can sleep.

子供たちが寝られるように静かにして。

韓国語の「〜できるように」：目的と結果の語尾 (-게)

ヒントとコツ (4)

⚠️

静止した状態には使えません

「いる（있어요）」や「いらっしゃる（계시다）」には使えません。必ず移動の動詞と一緒に使いましょう。 «공부하러 도서관에 왔어요.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜しに行く・目的の表現 (러/으러)
⚠️

文末のトラップに注意

後ろの文に命令（-세요）や勧誘（-읍시다）、提案（-을까요）は使えません！アドバイスをしたい時は「-려면」を使いましょう。 «건강해지려면 매일 운동하세요.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜しようと思って、〜するために (려고/으려고)
🎯

丁寧な「お願い」の裏技

命令を柔らかくしたい時は「〜して！」の代わりに「〜できるように…」と言ってみて。例えば «좀 지나가게...» と言うと、直接的すぎず自然にどいてもらえますよ。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: -ge: ～するように、～く (目的・結果)
🎯

主語が違ってもOK！

「私が〜するから、あなたが〜して」のように、前後で主語が変わる時にすごく便利です。例えば「私が通れるように、ちょっとどいて」なら «내가 지나가게 잠시 비켜 주세요.» と言います。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韓国語の「〜できるように」：目的と結果の語尾 (-게)

重要な語彙 (6)

도서관 (doseogwan) library 공부하다 (gongbuhada) to study 계획하다 (gyehoekhada) to plan 합격하다 (hapgyeokhada) to pass (an exam) 열심히 (yeolsimhi) diligently 연습하다 (yeonseuphada) to practice

Real-World Preview

book-open

Study Plans

Review Summary

  • Verb Stem + (으)러
  • Verb Stem + (으)려고
  • Verb Stem + -게
  • Verb Stem + -게
  • Verb Stem + -도록
  • Verb Stem + -도록

よくある間違い

You don't need '려고 해요' when using '러' with motion verbs. It's redundant to say 'plan to go to study'.

Wrong: 도서관에 공부하러 가려고 해요.
正解: 도서관에 공부하러 가요.

Use '려고' for personal intent. '-도록' is better for stating a goal or a state achieved by effort.

Wrong: 합격하도록 공부해요.
正解: 합격하려고 공부해요.

When describing doing something until a point of exhaustion, '도록' is the natural choice for intensity.

Wrong: 지치게 달렸어요.
正解: 지치도록 달렸어요.

このチャプターのルール (6)

1

〜しに行く・目的の表現 (러/으러)

B1
どこかへ移動する「目的」を伝えたい時は «러/으러» を使いましょう。最後は «가다» や «오다» で繋ぐのが鉄則です！
주말에 친구랑 같이 영화 보러 가요.
11 例文
2

〜しようと思って、〜するために (려고/으려고)

B1
自分の心の中にある「〜しよう」という計画や意図を説明する時に使います。«려고/으려고» を使って、あなたの目標をスマートに伝えましょう！
한국 친구랑 대화하려고 한국어를 배워요.
10 例文
3

-ge: ～するように、～く (目的・結果)

B1
「-게」は、ある行動を望ましい結果や様子につなげる魔法の言葉です。«목적»（目的）や «결과»（結果）、そして形容詞を «부사»（副詞）に変える役割があります。
사진 잘 나오게 좀 웃어 봐!
11 例文
4

韓国語の「〜できるように」：目的と結果の語尾 (-게)

B1
ある行動で達成したい「目的」や「状態」を繋ぐ魔法の言葉です。«들리게»（聞こえるように）や«보이게»（見えるように）などの「状態」を表すキーワードと一緒に覚えましょう。
Please speak loudly so I can hear you well.
10 例文
5

結果の接続表現：〜するように・〜するほど (~도록)

B1
「〜도록」は、ある目標に向かう「目的」や、極限までの「程度」を表すツールです。«목표»（目標）や «정도»（程度）を意識して使ってみましょう！
모두가 들을 수 있도록 크게 말해 주세요.
10 例文
6

韓国語の結果表現：〜するように・〜するまで (-도록)

B1
「特定の目標」や「極限のレベル」に到達したい時に使うのが «도록» です。キーワードは «목표»（目標）、«정도»（程度）、«강조»（強調）ですよ！
사람들이 잘 볼 수 있도록 크게 써주세요.
10 例文

Next Steps

You've successfully unlocked the ability to speak with purpose! Keep practicing these structures in your daily life, and you'll be speaking like a local in no time.

Write a diary entry using all grammar points

Continue to: Contrasts and Formal Expressions

クイック練習 (9)

最も自然な文章を選んでください。

正しい韓国語はどれ？

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 수영하러 수영장에 가요.
「러/으러」の後ろには必ず「가다（行く）」のような移動を表す動詞が必要です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜しに行く・目的の表現 (러/으러)

目的を表す節の中の間違いを見つけて直してください。

친구들이 다 왔게 기다렸어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 친구들이 다 오게 기다렸어요.
「게」の前に過去形（왔）を使うことはできません。現在形の語幹「오」を使うのが正解です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韓国語の「〜できるように」：目的と結果の語尾 (-게)

「見えるように」という意味になるように、空欄を埋めてください。

글씨를 크게 써 주세요. 잘 (___).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 보이게
目的や結果として「〜するように」と言いたい時は、語幹「보이-」に「게」を付けます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韓国語の「〜できるように」：目的と結果の語尾 (-게)

「私が理解できるようにゆっくり話してください」という意味になるように空欄を埋めてください。

제가 이해할 수 ___ 천천히 말해 주세요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 있게
目的や結果を表す「〜できるように」には「있게」を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: -ge: ～するように、～く (目的・結果)

「部屋を綺麗に掃除しました」という意味の文を選んでください。

正しい翻訳を選んでください：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 방을 깨끗하게 청소했어요.
깨끗하다（綺麗だ）に -게 を付けることで、「綺麗に」という副詞の役割になります。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: -ge: ～するように、～く (目的・結果)

「作る（만들다）」の形に間違いがあります。正しく直してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

케이크 만들으러 왔어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 케이크 만들러 왔어요.
「ㄹ」パッチムで終わる動詞は、例外的に「러」をそのまま付けます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜しに行く・目的の表現 (러/으러)

お願いをする時に最も自然な「게」の使い方を選んでください。

Choose the best request:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 공부하게 조용히 해 주세요.
「勉強できるように」という目的を伝える「공부하게」が、後ろの依頼「静かにしてください」と完璧にマッチします。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 韓国語の「〜できるように」：目的と結果の語尾 (-게)

「勉強する（공부하다）」を正しい形にして空欄を埋めてください。

저는 도서관에 한국어 _______ 가요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 공부하러
語幹「공부하」は母音で終わるので「러」を付け、その後に移動の動詞「가요」を続けます。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜しに行く・目的の表現 (러/으러)

「会えるように早く来て」と言いたいのですが、間違いがあります。直してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

우리 만날 수 있으로 일찍 와.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 우리 만날 수 있게 일찍 와.
「〜できるように」という目的を表すには「있게」が正解です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: -ge: ～するように、～く (目的・結果)

Score: /9

よくある質問 (6)

最後の移動動詞を過去形にします。例えば「食べに行った」は «먹으러 갔어요» と言います。 «먹었으러» とは言わないので注意！
もちろんです！ «공부하러 갈 거예요»（勉強しに行くつもりです）のように、未来形とも相性バッチリですよ。
「러」は「行く・来る（가다/오다）」などの移動動詞としか使えません。「려고」はどんな動詞とも使えて、より広い「意図」を表します。 «사러 가요» は自然ですが、«사러 공부해요» は間違いです。
そのままでは使えません。形容詞を「-아/어지다（〜くなる）」で動詞に変える必要があります。 «예뻐지려고» ならOKです！
90%は同じ意味ですが、-게 の方が柔らかく、日常会話でよく使われます。-도록 は少し意志が強かったり、フォーマルな響きがあります。友達には «잊지 않게»、公的な場では «잊지 않도록» を使いましょう。
いいえ、使えません。-게 の前に -았/었- を付けることはありません。「遅れないように早く起きた」と言う時も、過去形にせず «늦지 않게 일어났어요» と言います。
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