A1 · 初級 チャプター 16

Moving Through Your Day

6 トータルルール
62 例文
7 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the essential irregular verbs that power your daily conversations in Portuguese.

  • Conjugate essential irregular verbs like ir, fazer, ver, and dar.
  • Describe your daily routine and future plans with confidence.
  • Communicate current weather conditions using natural Portuguese phrasing.
Master the verbs that move your day forward.

学べること

Ready to bring Portuguese into your everyday life? In this chapter, you'll learn how to talk about your daily activities just like a native speaker! We're diving into essential, frequently used irregular verbs like ir (to go), fazer (to do/make), ver (to see), and dar (to give). Don't worry if they seem a little tricky; with practice, you'll master them in no time. You'll learn how to say "I'm going to eat" or describe what tasks you're doing throughout the day. Then, we'll tackle a super useful topic: talking about the weather! In Portuguese, the weather sometimes does things (using 'fazer') and sometimes is things (using 'estar'). You'll figure out how to say "it's sunny or it's hot" with confidence. Imagine telling a Portuguese friend about today's weather or asking them where they're headed – this chapter empowers you for these common, real-life conversations. By the end, you'll be able to discuss your daily routine, make future plans, describe the weather, and even give things (like a compliment or an Instagram like!). These verbs are the key to countless everyday interactions. Let's make Portuguese even more exciting and start mastering these crucial skills!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'ir' to describe where you are going in your daily routine.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Describe the weather and your daily tasks using 'fazer' and 'estar'.

チャプターガイド

Overview

Welcome to
Moving Through Your Day,
your essential guide to bringing Portuguese grammar A1 into your everyday life! This chapter is designed to help you confidently discuss your daily activities, from where you're going to what you're doing, just like a native speaker. We're diving into some of the most frequently used and crucial irregular verbs in Portuguese: ir (to go), fazer (to do/make), ver (to see), and dar (to give).
Mastering these verbs is a cornerstone of A1 proficiency, enabling you to build countless everyday sentences.
Understanding these verbs is vital for expressing simple actions and intentions. You'll learn how to say "I'm going to eat" or describe the tasks you're doing throughout your day. Beyond personal actions, we'll also tackle a super useful topic: talking about the weather!
In Portuguese, the weather sometimes does things (using fazer) and sometimes is things (using estar). By the end of this chapter, you'll be able to confidently describe the weather, discuss your daily routine in Portuguese, make future plans, and even give things like a compliment or an Instagram like. These fundamental verbs are the key to unlocking real-life conversations and making your Portuguese journey even more exciting!

How This Grammar Works

In this chapter, we're focusing on some of the most common yet irregular verbs that are essential for A1 Portuguese grammar. Let's break them down:
Going Places: The Verb IR (to go)
Ir is one of the first verbs you'll learn, and it's highly irregular. It’s used to express movement to a place or to form the near future.
* Eu vou (I go/I am going)
* Tu vais (You go/You are going - informal)
* Ele/Ela/Você vai (He/She/You go/is going - formal/singular)
* Nós vamos (We go/We are going)
* Eles/Elas/Vocês vão (They/You go/are going - plural)
Example

Eu vou ao mercado (I go to the market). Nós vamos comer (We are going to eat).

The Verb Fazer: To Do and To Make
Fazer is another indispensable irregular verb, meaning to do or to make. It's incredibly versatile.
* Eu faço (I do/make)
* Tu fazes (You do/make - informal)
* Ele/Ela/Você faz (He/She/You does/makes - formal/singular)
* Nós fazemos (We do/make)
* Eles/Elas/Vocês fazem (They/You do/make - plural)
Example

Eu faço o almoço (I make lunch). O que você faz no domingo? (What do you do on Sunday?)

Portuguese Verb Ver: To See (vejo, vê, veem)
Ver means to see and is irregular, particularly in the first person singular.
* Eu vejo (I see)
* Tu vês (You see - informal)
* Ele/Ela/Você vê (He/She/You sees - formal/singular)
* Nós vemos (We see)
* Eles/Elas/Vocês veem (They/You see - plural)
Example

Eu vejo um filme (I see a movie). Você vê a minha casa? (Do you see my house?)

The Verb 'To Give' (dar): From Gifts to Instagram Likes
Dar means to give and is also irregular. It's used for physical gifts, abstract concepts, and even digital interactions!
* Eu dou (I give)
* Tu dás (You give - informal)
* Ele/Ela/Você dá (He/She/You gives - formal/singular)
* Nós damos (We give)
* Eles/Elas/Vocês dão (They/You give - plural)
Example

Eu dou um livro (I give a book). Ele dá um like na foto (He gives a like to the photo).

Weather with 'Fazer' (It makes sun)
For general weather conditions, especially those related to temperature or light, fazer is often used impersonally (without a specific subject).
Example

Faz sol (It's sunny / It makes sun). Faz calor (It's hot / It makes heat). Faz frio (It's cold / It makes cold).

Weather with Estar: It is Hot (Está Quente)
Estar is used for the current state or temporary conditions of the weather.
Example

Está quente (It is hot). Está chovendo (It is raining). Está nublado (It is cloudy). While faz calor refers to the general condition of heat, está quente describes the current state of being hot.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong: Eu estou para a praia. (I am to the beach.)
✓ Correct: Eu vou para a praia. (I go to the beach.)
*Explanation:* When expressing movement or going to a place, always use ir (to go), not estar (to be). Estar is for location or state of being.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: O que você faze? (What do you do?)
✓ Correct: O que você faz? (What do you do?)
*Explanation:* The conjugation of fazer for você (and ele/ela) is faz, not faze. Irregular verbs often have unique endings, so memorizing them is key.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: É sol hoje. (It is sun today.)
✓ Correct: Faz sol hoje. (It's sunny today.)
*Explanation:* For general weather conditions like sunny, hot, or cold, Portuguese typically uses fazer impersonally (faz sol, faz calor, faz frio), not ser (é).

Real Conversations

A

A

Onde você vai hoje? (Where are you going today?)
B

B

Eu vou ao parque. Quero fazer um piquenique. (I'm going to the park. I want to have a picnic.)
A

A

Como está o tempo? Faz sol ou está nublado? (How is the weather? Is it sunny or cloudy?)
B

B

Está um pouco nublado, mas faz calor. (It's a little cloudy, but it's hot.)
A

A

Você vê o meu livro? Eu dou um like na sua foto se você achar! (Do you see my book? I'll give a like to your photo if you find it!)
B

B

Sim, eu vejo! Está na mesa. Você faz o almoço depois? (Yes, I see it! It's on the table. Will you make lunch later?)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do you say "I'm going to eat" using the verb ir for future plans in Portuguese?

You can say Eu vou comer. The structure ir + infinitive is a very common way to express the near future in Portuguese, much like going to in English.

Q

What's the main difference between using faz calor and está quente for weather?

Faz calor describes the general condition of the weather (it's a hot day/climate), while está quente describes the current state or temperature (it is hot right now). They are often interchangeable in casual conversation but carry slightly different nuances.

Q

Are all the common Portuguese grammar A1 verbs irregular like ir, fazer, ver, and dar?

No, while many very common verbs are irregular, a large number of verbs follow regular conjugation patterns. It's important to learn the irregular ones early as they are used so frequently.

Q

Can I use the verb dar for abstract concepts, not just physical objects?

Yes, absolutely! You can dar advice (dar conselhos), give a hug (dar um abraço), or even give importance (dar importância). It's a very versatile verb.

Cultural Context

These verbs are the bedrock of everyday communication in Portuguese-speaking countries. Brazilians and Portuguese speakers alike use ir, fazer, ver, and dar constantly in their daily routines, from planning their day to describing the weather. While weather expressions like faz sol (Brazil) and está sol (Portugal, though faz sol is also understood) can have slight regional preferences, the core meanings are universally understood.
Mastering these allows for truly natural and authentic interactions.

重要な例文 (2)

1

Eu `dou` o meu número para você.

あなたに電話番号を教えます（あげます）。

動詞「与える」(dar)：プレゼントからインスタの「いいね」まで
2

Ela `dá` um like em todas as fotos.

彼女は全ての写真にいいねをします。

動詞「与える」(dar)：プレゼントからインスタの「いいね」まで

ヒントとコツ (4)

💡

「V」の法則

不規則な動詞ですが、ほとんどが「V」から始まると覚えれば簡単です。 Eu vou のように「I」の文字は忘れてOK！
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 場所へ行く：動詞 IR (行く)
⚠️

「fazo」は間違い！

ついつい 'fazo' と言いたくなりますが、正解は 'faço' です。セジーリャ（ç）の柔らかい「ス」の音を意識して！
Eu faço a minha cama todos os dias.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞 'fazer'：する・作る
⚠️

綴りのルール変更に注意！

古い本には 'vêem' と書いてあるかもしれませんが、今はアクセントなしの 'veem' が正解です。
Eles veem o mar da janela.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ポルトガル語の動詞 Ver: 見る (vejo, vê, veem)
⚠️

アクセントの罠

dá（あげる）のアクセントを忘れないで！これがないと da（〜の）という別の意味になってしまいます。
Ela dá atenção ao professor.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞「与える」(dar)：プレゼントからインスタの「いいね」まで

重要な語彙 (6)

ir to go fazer to do / to make ver to see dar to give sol sun quente hot

Real-World Preview

calendar

Planning the Day

Review Summary

  • Eu vou / Você vai
  • Eu faço / Você faz
  • Eu vejo / Você vê
  • Eu dou / Você dá
  • Faz + [noun]
  • Está + [adj]

よくある間違い

The verb 'fazer' is irregular. The 'eu' form is 'faço', not 'fazo'.

Wrong: Eu fazo o almoço.
正解: Eu faço o almoço.

Weather phenomena like sun require the verb 'fazer' in Portuguese, not 'ser'.

Wrong: É sol hoje.
正解: Faz sol hoje.

While 'para' is understood, 'ao' (a + o) is the standard contraction for going to a masculine place.

Wrong: Eu vou para o parque.
正解: Eu vou ao parque.

このチャプターのルール (6)

1

場所へ行く：動詞 IR (行く)

A1
移動するときや、これから先の予定を話すときに使う魔法の言葉です。 vou vai vamos の3つをまずはマスターしましょう！
Eu vou ao cinema hoje à noite.
12 例文
2

動詞 'fazer'：する・作る

A1
これ一冊で「行動・天気・時間」のすべてが言える魔法の動詞です！まずは faço、 faz、 fazem の3つを覚えましょう。
Eu faço o meu café todas as manhãs.
10 例文
3

ポルトガル語の動詞 Ver: 見る (vejo, vê, veem)

A1
自分のときは vejo、彼らのときは veem と「e」が2つ重なるのがポイントです。 ver は「見る」だけでなく「理解する」ときにも使えますよ！
Eu não vejo a hora de viajar.
10 例文
4

動詞「与える」(dar)：プレゼントからインスタの「いいね」まで

A1
不規則な dou と «dá» さえマスターすれば、日常会話からSNSまで、ポルトガル語の表現の幅が「グン」と広がります！ dou «dá» dar um jeito
Eu `dou` o meu número para você.
10 例文
5

'Fazer' を使った天気表現 (太陽を作る)

A1
ポルトガル語の天気は「～です」ではなく「～（という状態）を作る」というイメージで、魔法の言葉 faz を使います。特に faz calor や faz sol は毎日使いますよ！
Hoje faz muito calor no Rio.
10 例文
6

Estarで天気を表す：暑いです (Está Quente)

A1
今の天気を伝えるには、動詞の está と quente (暑い) や frio (寒い) などの言葉をセットにするだけ！ está quente frio
Está muito quente hoje!
10 例文

Next Steps

You are doing amazing! Keep using these verbs daily to lock them into your memory.

Describe your local weather in a journal.

Continue to: Desires, Skills, and Socializing

クイック練習 (9)

間違いを見つけて直してください。

Você da o seu telefone para ele?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Você dá o seu telefone para ele?
動詞の 'dá' には、前置詞の 'da' と区別するためにアクセント記号が必要です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞「与える」(dar)：プレゼントからインスタの「いいね」まで

空欄に正しい 'dar' の形を入れてください。

Eu ___ um presente para ela hoje.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: dou
主語が 'Eu' (私) の場合、不規則な形の 'dou' を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞「与える」(dar)：プレゼントからインスタの「いいね」まで

主語と動詞の組み合わせが間違っているものを見つけてください。

Nós vai para a festa.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nós vamos para a festa.
'Nós' (私たち) に対応する形は、必ず複数形の 'vamos' になります。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 場所へ行く：動詞 IR (行く)

空欄に正しい 'ir' の形を入れてください。

Eu ___ ao supermercado agora.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: vou
主語が 'Eu' (私) の場合、正しい形は 'vou' です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 場所へ行く：動詞 IR (行く)

未来のことを言っている文はどれ？

これから先の予定を表している文を選んでください：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Eu vou comer pizza.
'Vou' + 動詞の原形（comer）で「〜するつもり」という未来を表します。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 場所へ行く：動詞 IR (行く)

正しい 'fazer' の形を選んで空欄を埋めてください。

Eu ___ o jantar hoje à noite.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: faço
主語が 'Eu' の場合、 'fazer' は不規則に変化して 'faço' になります。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞 'fazer'：する・作る

正しい文法を選んでください。

Choose the correct option:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Eles dão risada.
主語が 'Eles' (彼ら) の時は、鼻音の複数形 'dão' を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞「与える」(dar)：プレゼントからインスタの「いいね」まで

天気を表す正しい文章はどれですか？

正しい選択肢を選んでください：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Hoje faz sol.
晴れ、寒い、暑いなどの天候を表すには 'fazer' を使うのが最も自然です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞 'fazer'：する・作る

時間に関する文章の間違いを見つけてください。

Find and fix the mistake:

Fazem dois anos que eu estudo música.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Faz dois anos que eu estudo música.
経過した時間を表す場合、後ろが複数（2年）でも動詞は常に単数形の 'faz' です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 動詞 'fazer'：する・作る

Score: /9

よくある質問 (6)

昔のいくつかのラテン語が混ざってできた「合体動詞」だからです！ Eu vou.
文法的には Tu vais ですが、ブラジルの歌や会話ではよく使われます。 Tu vai.
'fazer' は何かをすること、 'fazer-se' は「〜のふりをする」という意味で使われます。
Ele se faz de difícil
（彼は気取っている）。
ポルトガル語では天気が暑さや寒さを「作り出している」と考えるからです。 Faz frio（寒い）の方が一般的です。
ver は自然に目に入ること、olhar は意識して視線を向けることです。
Eu vejo você na rua.
文法的には assistir ですが、会話では ver が圧倒的に多いです。
Vou ver uma série.
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