B2 Reported Speech 13 min read 中等

过去将来时:间接引语 (Conditionnel)

当转述动词是过去时,记得把将来时切换到 Conditionnel Présent,它是法语里的“过去将来时”。

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

When talking about the future from a past perspective, use the conditional tense instead of the future tense.

  • Use the conditional for future events viewed from the past: 'Il a dit qu'il viendrait.'
  • The main verb must be in a past tense (passé composé or imparfait).
  • The future tense 'viendra' shifts to the conditional 'viendrait' in reported speech.
Past Verb + que + Subject + Conditional Verb

Overview

In French grammar, the
future in the past
describes an action that was in the future at a specific moment in the past. It is not a distinct tense but a specific function of the present conditional (conditionnel présent). This concept is a cornerstone of reported speech (discours indirect) and is governed by a fundamental principle known as sequence of tenses (concordance des temps).
This principle dictates that when the main reporting verb of a sentence is in the past, the tense of the subordinate clause must shift backward in time to maintain logical consistency.
Imagine a friend tells you on Monday,
I will call you tomorrow
(Je t'appellerai demain). On Wednesday, you report this to someone else. You cannot say,
He said he will call me
because the moment of speaking has passed.
Instead, you shift the timeframe:
He said he would call me.
In French, this shift is achieved by changing the futur simple into the conditionnel présent. The original promise, a future event, is now being viewed through the lens of the past.
  • Direct Speech (Monday): Il m'a dit : "Je t'appellerai demain.
    (He told me:
    I will call you tomorrow.")
  • Reported Speech (Wednesday): Il m'a dit qu'il m'appellerait le lendemain. (He told me he would call me the next day.)
The verb appellerait is the conditional tense, but its function here is not to express a hypothesis (
he would call if...
) but to represent a past future. Mastering this allows you to construct sophisticated narratives, report conversations accurately, and understand complex sentences in literature and journalism. It is a key marker of B2 proficiency, demonstrating your ability to navigate multiple temporal perspectives within a single utterance.

How This Grammar Works

The future in the past is a direct consequence of the rules for shifting tenses from direct speech (discours direct) to indirect or reported speech (discours indirect). The process, known as backshifting, occurs automatically when your main introductory verb (verbe introducteur) is in any past tense, most commonly the passé composé or the imparfait.
Think of the introductory verb as a time machine control. If it's set to the present (il dit que... - he says that...), the tenses inside the reported clause remain unchanged. But if it's set to the past (il a dit que... - he said that...), all subsequent verbs must take one step back into the past.
Here is the standard tense-shifting pattern for reported speech:
| Tense in Direct Speech (discours direct) | Becomes in Indirect Speech (discours indirect) |
| :--- | :--- |
| Présent (e.g., je suis) | Imparfait (e.g., qu'il était) |
| Passé Composé (e.g., "j'ai fini") | Plus-que-parfait (e.g., qu'il avait fini) |
| Futur Simple (e.g., je ferai) | Conditionnel Présent (e.g., qu'il ferait) |
| Futur Antérieur (e.g., "j'aurai fini") | Conditionnel Passé (e.g., qu'il aurait fini) |
Our focus is the Futur SimpleConditionnel Présent shift. The reporting verb's tense determines the necessity of this change. For example:
  • With passé composé: Elle a promis : Je reviendrai vite.Elle a promis qu'elle reviendrait vite. (She promised she would come back quickly.)
  • With imparfait: Je savais :
    Tu gagneras le match.
    Je savais que tu gagnerais le match. (I knew you would win the match.)
Beyond verb tenses, you must also adjust other elements of the sentence to align with the past perspective. This includes pronouns, and adverbs of time and place. These words are deictic, meaning their interpretation depends on the context of the utterance (who is speaking, when, and where).
When you report speech, that original context is lost, so the words must be made absolute.
| Adverb in Direct Speech | Becomes in Indirect Speech |
| :--- | :--- |
| aujourd'hui (today) | ce jour-là (that day) |
| hier (yesterday) | la veille (the day before) |
| demain (tomorrow) | le lendemain (the next day/the following day) |
| ce matin (this morning) | ce matin-là (that morning) |
| l'année prochaine (next year) | l'année suivante / l'année d'après (the following year) |
| ici (here) | / là-bas (there) |
Consider this complete transformation:
  • Direct: Le PDG a annoncé à ses employés :
    Nous lancerons le nouveau produit ici demain.
    (The CEO announced to his employees:
    We will launch the new product here tomorrow.
    )
  • Indirect: Le PDG a annoncé à ses employés qu'ils lanceraient le nouveau produit là le lendemain. (The CEO announced to his employees that they would launch the new product there the next day.)

Formation Pattern

1
To form the future in the past, you must conjugate the verb in the present conditional (conditionnel présent). The formation is consistent and follows a two-step rule: identify the verb's future stem and add the appropriate imperfect ending.
2
Step 1: Find the Future Stem (le radical du futur)
3
The stem used for the conditional is the exact same stem used for the futur simple.
4
For regular -er and -ir verbs, the stem is simply the infinitive form of the verb.
5
parlerparler-
6
finirfinir-
7
For regular -re verbs, the stem is the infinitive with the final -e removed.
8
vendrevendr-
9
attendreattendr-
10
Step 2: Add the Imperfect Endings (les terminaisons de l'imparfait)
11
Once you have the stem, append the endings used for the imparfait tense. These endings vary only by the subject pronoun.
12
| Subject Pronoun | Imparfait Ending |
13
| :--- | :--- |
14
| je / j' | -ais |
15
| tu | -ais |
16
| il / elle / on | -ait |
17
| nous | -ions |
18
| vous | -iez |
19
| ils / elles | -aient |
20
Formula: Future Stem + Imparfait Ending = Conditional Present
21
parler + il + -aitIl parlerait
22
finir + nous + -ionsNous finirions
23
vendre + ils + -aientIls vendraient
24
Irregular Stems
25
As with the futur simple, many of the most common French verbs have irregular stems that must be memorized. If you know them for the future, you already know them for the conditional.
26
| Infinitive | Irregular Stem | Example (with je) |
27
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
28
| être (to be) | ser- | je serais |
29
| avoir (to have) | aur- | j'aurais |
30
| aller (to go) | ir- | j'irais |
31
| faire (to do/make) | fer- | je ferais |
32
| pouvoir (to be able) | pourr- | je pourrais |
33
| vouloir (to want) | voudr- | je voudrais |
34
| savoir (to know) | saur- | je saurais |
35
| venir (to come) | viendr- | je viendrais |
36
| voir (to see) | verr- | je verrais |
37
| devoir (to have to) | devr- | je devrais |
38
| envoyer (to send) | enverr- | j'enverrais |
39
| recevoir (to receive) | recevr- | je recevrais |
40
Example in a sentence: Your friend said, "Je pourrai t'aider." (I will be able to help you). You later report this: Il a dit qu'il pourrait m'aider. (He said he would be able to help me).

When To Use It

While its primary function is in reported speech, the future in the past appears in several contexts, all linked by the common thread of describing a future point from a past perspective.
1. Reporting Past Statements, Promises, or Thoughts
This is the most direct application. You are conveying what someone said, thought, or promised about their future plans. The reporting verb is often dire que, penser que, croire que, annoncer que, promettre que, or expliquer que.
  • Le service client m'a assuré que le colis arriverait avant vendredi. (The customer service agent assured me that the package would arrive before Friday.)
  • Dans son journal, elle écrivait qu'un jour elle ferait le tour du monde. (In her journal, she wrote that one day she would travel around the world.)
2. Narrating Past Expectations or Plans
This is common in storytelling and personal anecdotes. It allows you to describe your own or others' state of mind in the past, setting up what was expected to happen. Often, this is used to create contrast with what actually occurred.
  • Nous allions au concert, persuadés que ce serait une soirée inoubliable. (We were going to the concert, convinced it would be an unforgettable evening.)
  • Quand j'ai accepté le poste, je ne pensais pas que j'apprendrais autant en si peu de temps. (When I accepted the position, I didn't think I would learn so much in so little time.)
3. Creating Narrative Foreshadowing in Literature
In novels and formal narratives, authors use the future in the past to give the reader a glimpse of future events within the story's timeline, creating suspense or a sense of fate. The perspective is that of the narrator looking back on the story's events.
  • Il quitta sa maison ce matin-là, sans savoir qu'il ne la reverrait jamais. (He left his house that morning, not knowing he would never see it again.)
  • Cette rencontre, elle le comprendrait des années plus tard, allait changer le cours de son existence. (This meeting, she would understand years later, was going to change the course of her existence.)
4. Journalistic Reporting
News reports frequently use this structure to report on official announcements or scheduled events that were declared in the past.
  • Le porte-parole de l'entreprise a déclaré que les résultats financiers seraient publiés la semaine suivante. (The company's spokesperson stated that the financial results would be published the following week.)

Common Mistakes

Learners at the B2 level often grasp the concept but fall into a few predictable traps. Being aware of them is the key to consistent accuracy.
1. Mistake: Using the Futur Simple Instead of the Conditional
This is the most frequent error. It's a direct-translation mistake from English and a violation of the concordance des temps.
  • Incorrect: Hier, il m'a dit qu'il viendra.
  • Correct: Hier, il m'a dit qu'il viendrait.
The introductory verb a dit is in the past, which locks the entire sentence into a past frame of reference, making the futur simple (viendra) grammatically incompatible.
2. Mistake: Confusing Pronunciation of -ai vs. -ais
In many regions of France, the first-person singular endings for the futur simple and conditionnel présent have distinct sounds. This is a key marker of native-like pronunciation.
  • Je parlerai (future): /ʒə paʁ.lə.ʁe/ (a closed «é» sound, like the 'ay' in 'say')
  • Je parlerais (conditional): /ʒə paʁ.lə.ʁɛ/ (an open «è» sound, like the 'e' in 'set')
While context often clarifies your meaning, mastering this phonetic distinction will significantly improve your spoken French. Confusing them can make your speech ambiguous.
3. Mistake: Forgetting to Shift Adverbs of Time and Place
Correctly changing the verb but failing to update the adverbs creates a logical contradiction.
  • Incorrect: La semaine dernière, elle a annoncé qu'elle déménagerait l'année prochaine. (This implies next year from *now*, not next year from when she spoke).
  • Correct: La semaine dernière, elle a annoncé qu'elle déménagerait l'année suivante (or l'année d'après).
Always ask yourself: is this time reference relative to the original moment of speech or the current one?
4. Mistake: Confusing with the Hypothetical Conditional
The conditionnel présent has two main jobs: expressing the future in the past, and expressing hypotheses (if/then scenarios). The context tells you which job it's doing.
  • Future in the Past: Je savais qu'il réussirait. (I knew he would succeed.) - This reports a past certainty about the future. There is no 'if'.
  • Hypothesis: S'il travaillait plus, il réussirait. (If he worked more, he would succeed.) - This proposes a condition. It is identified by the si clause.
5. Mistake: Using the Wrong Irregular Stem
When in a hurry, it's easy to invent a stem or misremember one. There is no shortcut to memorizing the stems for avoir, être, aller, faire, etc. Using a regular pattern on an irregular verb is a clear error.
  • Incorrect: Il croyait qu'il faisera un bon chef. (Mixing future ending)
  • Incorrect: Il croyait qu'il fairait... (Incorrect stem)
  • Correct: Il croyait qu'il ferait un bon chef.

Real Conversations

This grammar isn't just for textbooks. You'll hear and use the future in the past constantly in everyday, modern French.

In Text Messages:

- Person A: Paul est pas venu hier soir? (Paul didn't come last night?)

- Person B: Non, il m'a envoyé un texto pour dire qu'il serait en retard, et après plus de nouvelles. (No, he sent me a text saying he would be late, and then nothing.)

In a Work Email:

- Subject: Compte-rendu réunion du 12/03

- Body: Bonjour à tous, Pour faire suite à notre discussion, l'équipe marketing a confirmé qu'elle nous fournirait les visuels finaux avant la fin de la journée de vendredi. Cordialement, ... (Hello all, Following up on our discussion, the marketing team confirmed they would provide us with the final visuals before the end of day Friday. Best regards, ...)

In Casual Spoken Conversation:

- Attends, mais tu m'avais pas dit que tu commencerais un nouveau sport en janvier ? On est en mars ! (Wait, but didn't you tell me you would start a new sport in January? It's March!)

- Ah, les infos disaient qu'il neigerait aujourd'hui, mais finalement il fait super beau. (Ah, the news said it would snow today, but in the end the weather's great.)

When Gossiping or Recounting a Story:

- Et là, il m'a juré, les yeux dans les yeux, qu'il ne lui redirait jamais rien. Tu penses bien que je l'ai pas cru. (And then, he swore to me, looking me right in the eye, that he would never say anything to her again. As you can imagine, I didn't believe him.)

Quick FAQ

Q: What if the event was in the future back then, and is *still* in the future now?

This is a point of nuance. Let's say on Monday, your boss said:

Je vous donnerai une réponse vendredi.
On Wednesday, you report this. Since Friday is still in the future for you, in informal spoken French, you might hear: Mon chef a dit qu'il me donnera une réponse vendredi. However, the strictly correct grammatical rule, and the one required in exams and formal writing, is to always perform the backshift if the reporting verb is in the past. The conditional is always the safest and most proper choice: Mon chef a dit qu'il me donnerait une réponse vendredi.

Q: How is this different from the journalistic conditional for unconfirmed news?

The verb form is the same (conditionnel présent), but the function is entirely different.

  • Future in the Past: Le témoin a affirmé que le suspect s'échapperait par le toit. (Reports a *statement* about a future plan.)
  • Journalistic Conditional: Le suspect se serait échappé par le toit. (Reports unconfirmed information or a rumor. Note the use of conditionnel passé is more common here.)
The future in the past reports what someone *said* would happen. The journalistic conditional reports what *allegedly* happened or could happen.
Q: Does this rule apply if I use the passé simple as my reporting verb?

Yes. Although the passé simple is a literary tense, it is a past tense. Therefore, it triggers the same concordance des temps rules. Il annonça qu'il partirait à l'aube. (He announced that he would leave at dawn.)

Q: Can I use the conditionnel passé for reported speech?

Absolutely. It is the correct backshift for the futur antérieur. It describes something that *would have been* completed by a certain point in the future, viewed from the past.

  • Direct: Il a promis : "À 20h, j'aurai fini mes devoirs. (He promised: At 8pm, I will have finished my homework.")
  • Indirect: Il a promis qu'à 20h, il aurait fini ses devoirs. (He promised that at 8pm, he would have finished his homework.)

Conditional Conjugation (Future Stem + Imparfait Endings)

Person Stem (Finir) Ending Full Form
Je
finir
-ais
finirais
Tu
finir
-ais
finirais
Il/Elle
finir
-ait
finirait
Nous
finir
-ions
finirions
Vous
finir
-iez
finiriez
Ils/Elles
finir
-aient
finiraient

Meanings

This structure is used to express an event that was in the future relative to a point in the past.

1

Reported Speech

Reporting a future intention stated in the past.

“Il a dit qu'il mangerait plus tard.”

“Elle pensait qu'il pleuvrait.”

2

Historical Future

Describing a future event from a historical perspective.

“En 1990, personne ne savait qu'Internet changerait le monde.”

“Il ignorait que ce jour serait son dernier.”

Reference Table

Reference table for 过去将来时:间接引语 (Conditionnel)
直接引语 (将来时) 间接引语 (条件式) 转述动词语境 含义
Je partirai.
Il a dit qu'il partirait.
复合过去时
他说他会离开。
Nous finirons.
Elle pensait que nous finirions.
未完成过去时
她以为我们会完成。
Tu viendras ?
Il a demandé si tu viendrais.
间接疑问句
他问你是否会来。
Il fera beau.
On a annoncé qu'il ferait beau.
公开声明
天气预报说天气会很好。
Elles seront là.
J'ai promis qu'elles seraient là.
承诺
我承诺过她们会在场。
Vous achèterez.
Tu as cru qu'ils achèteraient.
观点/相信
你以为他们会买。

正式程度

正式
Il a déclaré qu'il viendrait.

Il a déclaré qu'il viendrait. (Reporting a plan)

中性
Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait. (Reporting a plan)

非正式
Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait. (Reporting a plan)

俚语
Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait. (Reporting a plan)

间接引语时态转换

间接引语

直接引语 (将来时)

  • Je viendrai 我会来

间接引语 (过去时)

  • Il a dit qu'il viendrait 他说他会来

简单将来时 vs. 条件式现在时

将来时 (确定性)
Je serai là. 我会在那。
条件式 (转述)
Il a dit qu'il serait là. 他说他会在那。

这是间接引语吗?

1

转述动词是过去时吗?

YES
进入下一步
NO
保持原有时态(通常是将来时)
2

原话是将来时吗?

YES
使用条件式现在时
NO ↓

常用转述动词

💬

言语

  • Dire
  • Annoncer
  • Préciser
🧠

想法

  • Penser
  • Croire
  • Savoir
🤝

承诺

  • Promettre
  • Jurer
  • Assurer

按水平分级的例句

1

Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

He said he would come.

2

Elle a promis qu'elle mangerait.

She promised she would eat.

3

Il a dit qu'il partirait.

He said he would leave.

4

Elle a dit qu'elle travaillerait.

She said she would work.

1

Je savais qu'il arriverait à l'heure.

I knew he would arrive on time.

2

Ils ont annoncé qu'ils finiraient le projet.

They announced they would finish the project.

3

Tu m'as dit que tu m'aiderais.

You told me you would help me.

4

Elle ne pensait pas qu'il pleuvrait.

She didn't think it would rain.

1

Il a affirmé qu'il ne ferait jamais ça.

He claimed he would never do that.

2

Nous espérions que le train serait à l'heure.

We hoped the train would be on time.

3

Elle a prédit que le prix augmenterait.

She predicted the price would increase.

4

Ils ont juré qu'ils reviendraient nous voir.

They swore they would come back to see us.

1

Le journaliste a écrit que la situation s'améliorerait rapidement.

The journalist wrote that the situation would improve quickly.

2

J'ignorais que ce choix changerait ma vie.

I didn't know that this choice would change my life.

3

Ils avaient prévu que la réunion durerait deux heures.

They had planned that the meeting would last two hours.

4

Il a déclaré qu'il ne pourrait pas assister à la cérémonie.

He declared he would not be able to attend the ceremony.

1

Personne ne se doutait que cette décision entraînerait de telles conséquences.

No one suspected that this decision would lead to such consequences.

2

Il a soutenu que le projet serait viable à long terme.

He maintained that the project would be viable in the long term.

3

Elle a laissé entendre qu'elle démissionnerait si rien ne changeait.

She hinted that she would resign if nothing changed.

4

Les analystes avaient anticipé que le marché s'effondrerait.

Analysts had anticipated that the market would collapse.

1

Il était convenu que chaque partie respecterait ses engagements.

It was agreed that each party would respect its commitments.

2

On ne pouvait prévoir que le destin nous réserverait une telle surprise.

One could not foresee that fate would have such a surprise in store for us.

3

Il a argué que cette mesure favoriserait l'égalité des chances.

He argued that this measure would promote equal opportunity.

4

Elle avait pressenti que cette rencontre marquerait un tournant décisif.

She had sensed that this meeting would mark a turning point.

容易混淆

Future in the Past: Reported Speech (Conditionnel) 对比 Futur Simple vs. Conditionnel

Learners use the future tense when reporting past speech.

Future in the Past: Reported Speech (Conditionnel) 对比 Conditionnel Présent vs. Passé

Using the conditional past for future-in-the-past.

Future in the Past: Reported Speech (Conditionnel) 对比 Imparfait vs. Conditionnel

Using imparfait for future-in-the-past (common in speech).

常见错误

Il a dit qu'il viendra.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Future tense cannot follow a past reporting verb.

Elle a dit qu'elle mange.

Elle a dit qu'elle mangerait.

Present tense does not reflect the future-in-the-past.

Il a dit que il viendrait.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Elision is required before a vowel.

Il a dit qu'il viendrai.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Wrong ending for third person.

Il pensait qu'il sera là.

Il pensait qu'il serait là.

Future tense after 'pensait' is incorrect.

Ils ont dit qu'ils partira.

Ils ont dit qu'ils partiraient.

Subject-verb agreement error.

Elle a dit qu'elle irait à la maison.

Elle a dit qu'elle rentrerait à la maison.

Contextual vocabulary choice.

Il a dit qu'il aurait venu.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Confusing conditional present with conditional past.

Il a dit que il viendrait.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Missing elision.

Il a dit qu'il viendraient.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Agreement with singular subject.

Il a soutenu qu'il viendra.

Il a soutenu qu'il viendrait.

Failure to shift tense in formal register.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait pas.

Il a dit qu'il ne viendrait pas.

Missing 'ne' in formal speech.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait le lendemain.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait le lendemain.

Correct, but ensure time markers shift too.

句型

Il a dit que je ___.

Elle pensait que nous ___.

Ils ont annoncé qu'ils ___.

Je ne savais pas que ce projet ___.

Real World Usage

Texting very common

Tu m'avais dit que tu arriverais à 8h.

Job Interview common

J'espérais que ce poste me permettrait d'évoluer.

News Report common

Les autorités ont annoncé que les mesures seraient levées.

Food Delivery occasional

Vous aviez promis que la commande serait prête.

Social Media common

Je pensais que ce serait une bonne idée.

Travel common

L'agence a dit que l'hôtel serait réservé.

🎯

词干的秘密

条件式总是使用与将来时完全相同的词干。如果你知道怎么说“我会去” ("j'irai«),你就已经掌握了“我本要去” (»j'irais") 的词干。
⚠️

"Que" 的陷阱

千万别漏掉 que。英语里可以说 'He said he would',但法语必须说 "Il a dit qu'il..."。这是英语母语者最常犯的错误!
💡

时间词也要跟着变

当你转述对话时,demain (明天) 通常变成 le lendemain (第二天),而 hier (昨天) 变成 la veille

Smart Tips

Always check the tense of the first verb.

Il a dit qu'il viendra. Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Use the future stem (e.g., 'ir-' for aller).

Il a dit qu'il allierait. Il a dit qu'il irait.

Include the 'ne' in negative sentences.

Il a dit qu'il viendrait pas. Il a dit qu'il ne viendrait pas.

Use the conditional to create a timeline.

Il a dit qu'il vient. Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

发音

/vjɛ̃dʁɛ/

Conditional endings

The -ais, -ait, -aient endings are pronounced like the 'e' in 'met'.

Reporting clause

Il a dit que... (rising pitch)

Indicates the start of the reported information.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of the conditional as the 'past-future' bridge: when you step into the past, the future becomes conditional.

视觉联想

Imagine a time machine. When you are in the present, you see the future clearly (Future Tense). When you look through the window of the time machine at a past date, the future looks slightly blurry or 'would-be' (Conditional Tense).

Rhyme

When the past is the start, the future takes the conditional part.

Story

Yesterday, I told my friend I would call him. I said: 'Je t'appellerai' (Future). Today, I tell my mom what I said: 'J'ai dit que je t'appellerais' (Conditional). The 'ai' at the end of the conditional is the key to the past.

Word Web

ConditionnelPasséFuturReportéConcordanceTemps

挑战

Write 3 sentences about what you thought you would do yesterday, but didn't.

文化笔记

In formal French, the 'ne' is rarely omitted, especially in written reports.

In spoken Quebec French, the conditional is sometimes replaced by the imparfait for future-in-the-past.

Standard French rules are strictly followed in formal education and media.

The conditional mood evolved from the Latin infinitive plus the imperfect of 'habere' (to have).

对话开场白

Qu'est-ce que tu pensais faire ce week-end ?

Qu'est-ce que ton professeur a dit qu'il ferait ?

Quelles étaient tes attentes pour ce cours ?

Comment imaginais-tu ton avenir il y a dix ans ?

日记主题

Écris sur une promesse qu'on t'a faite.
Raconte une journée où tout a changé.
Décris tes attentes professionnelles passées.
Analyse une décision historique.

常见错误

Incorrect

正确


Incorrect

正确


Incorrect

正确


Incorrect

正确

Test Yourself

在空格中填入动词 'être' 在间接引语中的正确形式。

Julie a dit qu'elle ___ en retard.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: serait
因为 'a dit' 是过去时,将来时 'sera' 必须转变为条件式 'serait'。
哪句话正确转述了:'Je ferai mes devoirs'?

选择语法正确的句子:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il a dit qu'il ferait ses devoirs.
在间接引语中,当转述动词是过去时,将来时 'ferai' 变为条件式 'ferait'。
找出并纠正这句话中的错误。

Mon ami pensait que je viendrai à la fête.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mon ami pensait que je viendrais à la fête.
'Pensait' 是过去时,所以你需要用条件式 'viendrais' 而不是将来时 'viendrai'。

Score: /3

练习题

8 exercises
Complete the sentence.

Il a dit qu'il ___ (venir) demain.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: viendrait
Conditional is required after a past verb.
Choose the correct form. 多项选择

Elle pensait que le projet ___ (être) fini.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: serait
Conditional is required after a past verb.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Il a dit qu'il partira.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il a dit qu'il partirait.
Shift to conditional.
Transform to reported speech. Sentence Transformation

Il dit : 'Je viendrai.' -> Il a dit que...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: il viendrait.
Shift to conditional.
Conjugate 'faire' in conditional. Conjugation Drill

Nous ___ (faire) le travail.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ferions
Conditional ending for nous.
Match the tense. Match Pairs

Future vs Conditional

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il viendra / Il viendrait
Future is present perspective, conditional is past.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

a dit / qu'il / Il / viendrait

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il a dit qu'il viendrait.
Correct word order.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

Can you use the future tense after 'Il a dit'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Future tense is for present perspective.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

10 exercises
用动词 'aller' 的正确形式填空。 填空

Nous pensions qu'ils ___ au cinéma.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: iraient
翻译成法语:'He said he would call.' 翻译

他说他会打电话。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il a dit qu'il appellerait.
将单词排序。 Sentence Reorder

que / Il / mangerait / a / dit / il

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il a dit qu'il mangerait
将直接引语与其对应的间接引语配对。 Match Pairs

配对练习:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je partirai : Il a dit qu'il partirait
选择正确的否定形式。 多项选择

Elle a dit qu'elle ___ pas.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ne viendrait
用 'avoir' 的正确形式填空。 填空

On pensait que vous ___ faim.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: auriez
修正时态错误。 Error Correction

J'ai promis que je t'aidera.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: J'ai promis que je t'aiderais.
哪一个正确使用了 'que'? 多项选择

选择正确的句子:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il a dit qu'il partirait.
用 'pouvoir' 的正确形式填空。 填空

Elle savait qu'elle ___ réussir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: pourrait
翻译:'They believed we would win.' 翻译

他们相信我们会赢。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ils croyaient que nous gagnerions.

Score: /10

常见问题 (8)

It acts as a 'future of the past' in reported speech.

Only if the main verb is in the present.

Yes, the form is identical, but the function is different.

Then you keep the future tense in the subordinate clause.

Yes, they are the same as the future tense stems.

Yes, it is very common in everyday conversation.

Just add 'ne... pas' around the conditional verb.

It changes the temporal perspective of the reported event.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish high

Condicional

The conjugation endings are slightly different.

German moderate

Konjunktiv II (würde + infinitive)

German uses a periphrastic structure.

English high

Would + verb

English does not conjugate the verb itself.

Japanese low

Past tense + to omotta

Japanese does not have a conditional mood for this purpose.

Arabic partial

Kana + imperfect

Arabic relies on aspectual markers.

Chinese low

Past marker + verb

Chinese has no verb conjugation.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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