du
When you're first learning Swedish, 'du' is one of the most important words to know. It means 'you' and is used when you're talking to one person. Unlike some languages, Swedish doesn't really have a formal 'you' for singular interactions anymore, so 'du' is appropriate in almost all situations, from friends to strangers to your boss. Mastering 'du' is a great first step in being able to have simple conversations.
When talking to one person, use du, the informal 'you'. This is similar to 'tu' in French or 'tú' in Spanish. Unlike English, where 'you' is used for both singular and plural, Swedish has different words.
For example, if you want to say 'You are Swedish', you would say 'Du är svensk'. Another example is 'Do you speak English?', which is 'Talar du engelska?'
However, when speaking to multiple people, you would use 'ni' (plural you). This distinction is important for sounding natural in Swedish.
In Swedish, 'du' is a crucial pronoun you'll use constantly. It means 'you' in English, and like in many languages, understanding its usage is key to sounding natural.
§ The Basics of 'Du'
'Du' is the singular, informal 'you' in Swedish. Think of it like addressing a friend, family member, or someone your own age. Unlike some other European languages, Swedish got rid of its formal 'you' ('ni') for singular interactions a long time ago. So, unless you're addressing a group, 'du' is almost always your go-to.
- DEFINITION
- 'Du' is the second-person singular pronoun, meaning 'you' in English. It's used when addressing one person informally.
Hur mår du? (How are you feeling?)
Var kommer du ifrån? (Where do you come from?)
§ 'Du' vs. 'Ni'
While 'du' is for one person, 'ni' is the plural 'you' and is used when addressing two or more people. While 'ni' *can* be used formally for a single person in very specific, old-fashioned contexts, it's rare and you should stick to 'du' for individuals.
§ 'Du' in Questions
When asking questions, 'du' often comes after the verb, especially if it's a 'yes/no' question or starts with a question word (like 'vem' - who, 'vad' - what, 'var' - where).
- Question word first:
Vad gör du? (What are you doing?)
- Verb first (for yes/no questions):
Kan du hjälpa mig? (Can you help me?)
§ 'Dig' and 'Din/Ditt/Dina': Related forms
While 'du' is the subject form (the one doing the action), you'll also encounter 'dig' and 'din/ditt/dina'.
- Dig (object form): This is like 'you' when it's the object of a verb or preposition (the one receiving the action).
Jag ser dig. (I see you.)
Till dig! (To you! - often used when giving something)
- Din/Ditt/Dina (possessive forms): These mean 'your' and change based on the gender and number of the noun they refer to.
- DIN
- Used with 'en' words (common gender nouns).
Är det din bok? (Is that your book? - 'bok' is an 'en' word)
- DITT
- Used with 'ett' words (neuter gender nouns).
Var är ditt hus? (Where is your house? - 'hus' is an 'ett' word)
- DINA
- Used with plural nouns, regardless of gender.
Det är dina barn. (Those are your children.)
§ Common Phrases with 'Du'
You'll hear 'du' in many common expressions. Learning these will make your Swedish sound much more natural.
- Tack, du: A friendly way to say 'Thanks, you too' or 'Thank you' in response.
- Och du? A common way to ask 'And you?' after someone asks you a question.
Jag mår bra, tack. Och du? (I'm fine, thanks. And you?)
By understanding these basic rules and practicing with examples, you'll quickly master 'du' and be able to hold simple conversations in Swedish. Don't be afraid to use it; Swedes use it all the time!
How Formal Is It?
"Har Ni tid?"
"Har du tid?"
"Har du tid?"
"Har du tid?"
"Har ru tid?"
按水平分级的例句
Kan du hjälpa mig?
Can you help me?
Simple question using 'du'.
Var bor du?
Where do you live?
Interrogative sentence with 'du' as the subject.
Har du tid ikväll?
Do you have time tonight?
Asking about possession/availability.
Jag ser dig där.
I see you there.
'dig' is the object form of 'du'.
Gillar du svensk mat?
Do you like Swedish food?
Common question about preferences.
Kommer du till festen?
Are you coming to the party?
Asking about future plans.
Vad gör du nu?
What are you doing now?
Asking about current activity.
Det är bra att du är här.
It is good that you are here.
'du' in a subordinate clause.
词族
名词
动词
自我测试 42 个问题
Which of these means 'you' in Swedish?
'Du' is the singular informal pronoun for 'you' in Swedish.
Choose the correct pronoun to complete the sentence: 'Hur mår ___?' (How are you?)
To ask 'How are you?' to one person informally, you use 'du'.
Which sentence correctly uses 'du'?
'Du är snäll' means 'You are kind'. 'Du' is the subject of the sentence.
In Swedish, 'du' is always used when addressing a single person, regardless of formality.
While 'du' is common, there's also 'ni' for plural 'you' or more formal situations, though less common in modern Swedish.
The word 'du' is a verb in Swedish.
'Du' is a pronoun, not a verb. Verbs describe actions or states of being.
If you are talking to one friend, 'du' is the correct word to use for 'you'.
'Du' is the informal singular pronoun for 'you', perfect for talking to friends.
Write a short message to a new colleague introducing yourself and asking if they are available for a quick coffee. Use 'du'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Hej! Jag heter [Ditt namn]. Är du ledig för en snabb kaffe snart?
Imagine you are inviting a friend to a movie. Write a text message asking what movie they want to see and if they have time this weekend. Use 'du'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Hej! Vilken film vill du se? Har du tid i helgen?
Write a sentence asking a new acquaintance what their hobby is. Use 'du'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Vad är din hobby?
Vad frågar Anna Erik om?
Read this passage:
Anna och Erik är vänner. Anna frågar Erik: 'Har du tid att träffas på lördag?' Erik svarar: 'Ja, jag har tid. Vad vill du göra?'
Vad frågar Anna Erik om?
Anna asks 'Har du tid att träffas på lördag?' which means 'Do you have time to meet on Saturday?'
Anna asks 'Har du tid att träffas på lördag?' which means 'Do you have time to meet on Saturday?'
Vad vill Maria veta om Peters resa?
Read this passage:
Maria och Peter pratar om semester. Peter säger: 'Jag åker till Spanien i sommar.' Maria frågar: 'Åker du ensam eller med familjen?'
Vad vill Maria veta om Peters resa?
Maria asks 'Åker du ensam eller med familjen?' which means 'Are you traveling alone or with family?'
Maria asks 'Åker du ensam eller med familjen?' which means 'Are you traveling alone or with family?'
Vad frågar Johan sin nya granne om?
Read this passage:
Johan möter en ny granne. Johan säger: 'Hej, jag heter Johan. Vad heter du?' Grannen svarar: 'Hej Johan, jag heter Sara.'
Vad frågar Johan sin nya granne om?
Johan asks 'Vad heter du?' which means 'What is your name?'
Johan asks 'Vad heter du?' which means 'What is your name?'
Jag kan hjälpa __ med läxorna, om du vill.
Here, 'dig' is the object form of 'du', meaning 'you' in the accusative case. The sentence translates to: 'I can help you with the homework, if you want.'
Är det ___ som bor i det här huset?
In this sentence, 'du' is the subject, meaning 'you'. The sentence translates to: 'Is it you who lives in this house?'
Jag hoppas att ___ har det bra på semestern.
Here, 'du' is the subject of the clause 'att du har det bra', meaning 'that you are having a good time'. The sentence translates to: 'I hope that you are having a good time on vacation.'
Jag såg ___ på stan igår, men jag hann inte hälsa.
'Dig' is the object form of 'du', meaning 'you' as the direct object of the verb 'såg' (saw). The sentence translates to: 'I saw you in town yesterday, but I didn't have time to say hello.'
Kan ___ snälla skicka mig rapporten före fredag?
In this imperative sentence, 'du' is the subject of the request. The sentence translates to: 'Can you please send me the report before Friday?'
Jag tänkte bjuda ___ på middag nästa vecka.
'Dig' is the object form of 'du', used here as the indirect object of the verb 'bjuda' (to invite). The sentence translates to: 'I was thinking of inviting you to dinner next week.'
Someone is asking for help with homework.
Someone is asking about a new car.
Someone is asking about arrival time.
Read this aloud:
Varifrån kommer du?
Focus: varifrån
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Kan du tala svenska?
Focus: tala
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Vad gör du på fritiden?
Focus: fritiden
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Vilket av följande meningar använder 'du' korrekt i en formell kontext?
I formella sammanhang, särskilt när man ber om hjälp, är det mer artigt att använda en mer omskrivande fras som 'Skulle du kunna bistå mig med detta, om jag får be?' snarare än en direkt fråga med 'du'.
När är det mest lämpligt att använda 'du' i svenskan?
I modern svenska är 'du' det standardiserade tilltalsordet i nästan alla situationer, även med äldre och högre uppsatta personer, efter 'du-reformen'.
Vilken situation skulle mest sannolikt kräva att man undviker 'du' och istället använder ett mer formellt tilltal, om det alls skulle vara nödvändigt i svenskan?
I sällsynta och mycket formella situationer, som att tilltala kungligheter, kan traditionella titlar eller en mer indirekt formulering användas istället för 'du', även om 'du' är standard i de allra flesta fall.
Det är alltid fel att använda 'ni' istället för 'du' när man tilltalar en enskild person i Sverige.
Även om 'du' är normen, kan 'ni' ibland användas för att vara artig och distanserad mot en enskild person, särskilt om man vill undvika för snabb förtrolighet eller i serviceyrken. Det är dock inte alltid 'fel', men inte det vanligaste.
'Du-reformen' på 1960-talet gjorde att man började använda 'du' mer universellt i Sverige.
'Du-reformen' var en språkreform som kraftigt bidrog till att 'du' etablerades som det allmänna tilltalsordet i Sverige, och ersatte många av de tidigare titlarna och pluralformerna.
Om man vill visa extra respekt för en äldre person i Sverige, bör man alltid använda 'ni' istället för 'du'.
I de allra flesta fall förväntar sig äldre personer i Sverige att bli tilltalade med 'du'. Att använda 'ni' mot en enskild äldre person kan ibland uppfattas som ålderdomligt eller till och med lite nedlåtande, snarare än respektfullt.
You can trust me.
Do you have any questions?
I expect you to understand the situation.
Read this aloud:
Kan du förklara det mer detaljerat?
Focus: förklara
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Du har en viktig roll i projektet.
Focus: viktig
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Jag hoppas du får en trevlig helg.
Focus: trevlig
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Can you imagine a life without cell phones?
If you had a time machine, where would you travel?
It is crucial that you carefully consider all aspects before making such a decision.
Read this aloud:
Vad anser du är den mest komplexa utmaningen som samhället står inför idag?
Focus: an-ser du
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Hur skulle du bemöta argumentet att artificiell intelligens hotar mänsklig kreativitet?
Focus: hur skul-le du be-mö-ta
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Kan du förklara fördelarna och nackdelarna med ett globaliserat ekonomiskt system, som du ser det?
Focus: kan du för-kla-ra för-de-lar-na
你说的:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
/ 42 correct
Perfect score!
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adress
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aldrig
A1never
alla
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allt
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alltid
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anmäla
B1to report or register for something
anmälning
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annan
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anordna
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