Explanation at your level:
Hello! もともと (motomoto) is a word that means 'from the start' or 'originally'. Imagine you have a toy, and it was blue when you first got it. That blue color is the motomoto color. It’s the first color it had. You can use it like this: 'Motomoto, this book was red.' This means the book is not red now, but it was red when it was new.
It can also mean 'by nature'. Like, maybe you think someone is shy, but motomoto, they are very happy and like to talk! So, motomoto helps us talk about how things were at the very beginning, or how someone really is deep inside. It's a simple word to explain the past or the true self!
Hi there! Let's learn もともと (motomoto). This adverb is super helpful! It means 'originally' or 'from the very beginning'. Think about a plan you had. Maybe you planned to go to the park, but it started raining, so you stayed home. You can say, 'Motomoto, I wanted to go to the park.' This shows what the original plan was.
Motomoto can also describe something's natural state or characteristic. For example, 'This plant motomoto likes sunny places.' This means it's natural for this plant to be in the sun. It's not something that was taught or changed; it's just how it is. Use motomoto to explain the starting point or the inherent nature of things!
Let's explore もともと (motomoto), a versatile Japanese adverb. It primarily signifies 'originally', 'from the start', or 'by nature'. You use it to contrast the current situation with the initial state or inherent quality. For example, if you changed your job, you could say, 'Motomoto, I worked in a different field.' This clearly indicates your starting point before the career change.
Furthermore, motomoto is excellent for describing innate characteristics. 'He seems quiet now, but he's motomoto a very cheerful person.' This highlights a discrepancy between his current demeanor and his fundamental personality. It’s a great word for providing background context and explaining transitions or fundamental truths about people or situations. Practice using it to show the difference between 'then' and 'now', or 'appearance' and 'reality'.
Understanding もともと (motomoto) adds significant depth to your Japanese. As an adverb, it means 'originally', 'from the outset', or 'by inherent nature'. Its core function is to draw a contrast between a past or fundamental state and the present reality. For instance, discussing a changed decision: 'Motomoto, the plan was to finish by Friday, but we encountered unexpected issues.' This sets up the explanation for the delay.
The 'by nature' aspect is equally important. It refers to intrinsic qualities or predispositions. 'This area was motomoto a quiet residential zone before the new mall was built.' It implies that the quiet nature was the original characteristic, not something imposed. Mastering motomoto allows you to articulate cause-and-effect, historical shifts, and fundamental truths with greater precision, distinguishing between superficial changes and core identities.
もともと (motomoto) is a nuanced adverb that operates on two primary levels: temporal origin and inherent essence. Its temporal meaning, 'originally' or 'from the very beginning', is used to establish a baseline state against which subsequent changes are measured. Consider its use in historical or developmental contexts: 'The city was motomoto a small fishing village.' This immediately frames the narrative of urban growth.
The existential meaning, 'by nature' or 'inherently', points to intrinsic qualities that predate external influences or modifications. 'She is motomoto an optimistic person, which helps her overcome challenges.' This implies that her optimism is an unchangeable, fundamental aspect of her personality. Using motomoto effectively demonstrates an advanced grasp of expressing causality, evolution, and essential characteristics, allowing for sophisticated comparisons between past and present, or appearance and underlying reality.
The adverb もともと (motomoto), derived from the repetition of 元 (moto - origin, base), signifies both temporal precedence ('originally', 'from the outset') and intrinsic essence ('by nature', 'inherently'). Its usage often carries an implicit comparison, highlighting a divergence from an initial or fundamental state. In historical discourse, it might preface a description of a place's original condition: 'The region was motomoto characterized by dense forests before extensive deforestation.' This establishes an etiological framework.
Furthermore, motomoto speaks to innate qualities, often implying that these are immutable or deeply ingrained. 'His tendency towards generosity is motomoto; it's not a learned behavior.' This usage taps into philosophical notions of essentialism. The mastery of motomoto lies in its subtle application to delineate between superficial alterations and fundamental truths, historical transformations and enduring characteristics, reflecting a profound understanding of temporal and existential dimensions in language.
الكلمة في 30 ثانية
- Means 'originally', 'from the start', or 'by nature'.
- Used to contrast past/inherent states with the present.
- Commonly appears at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
- Versatile in casual and neutral contexts.
Hey there! Let's dive into the super useful Japanese adverb, もともと (motomoto). Think of it as your go-to word when you want to talk about the way things were originally, or how something is by nature. It’s like looking back at the starting line or understanding someone's true character before any changes. We use it to distinguish the past or inherent state from the present situation, which might be quite different!
For example, you might say, 'I originally wanted to be a doctor, but now I'm an artist.' Or, 'He seems quiet, but he's originally a very outgoing person.' It helps us explain differences between what is and what was, or what appears to be and what truly is. It’s a versatile word that adds a lot of nuance to your Japanese!
The word もともと (motomoto) comes from the Japanese word moto (元), which means 'base', 'origin', or 'source'. When you double it up, motomoto, it emphasizes this idea of the fundamental beginning or root. It’s like saying 'the very base' or 'the original source'.
Historically, Japanese has many words that are formed by reduplication (repeating a word or part of a word) to add emphasis or create a new meaning. Motomoto fits this pattern perfectly. It’s been used for a long time to signify the initial state of affairs, contrasting it with later developments. Think of it as the linguistic equivalent of going back to the blueprint or the seed from which something grew. Its usage has remained consistent, highlighting its fundamental role in expressing original conditions.
You'll find もともと (motomoto) used in a variety of situations, both casual and slightly more formal. It's perfect for explaining changes over time or clarifying someone's true nature. For instance, you might use it when discussing a plan that changed: 'Motomoto, we were going to go to the beach, but it rained.'
It also works beautifully when describing inherent qualities: 'She's motomoto a kind person, so she'll always help you.' Common collocations include pairing it with verbs like suru (to do) or aru (to exist/be), as in motomoto suru (to originally do) or motomoto aru (to originally be). Remember, it usually comes at the beginning of a clause or sentence to set the context of the original state.
While もともと (motomoto) itself isn't typically part of a fixed idiom, its meaning is central to many expressions that contrast original states with current ones. Think of phrases that mean 'back to square one' or 'as it was meant to be'.
Here are some related ideas:
- 原点に戻る (genten ni modoru): This literally means 'to return to the origin point'. It's used when you need to restart something or go back to the fundamental principles after facing difficulties or deviations. Example: After the project failed, we had to genten ni modoru.
- 本来の姿 (honrai no sugata): This refers to the 'original form' or 'true nature' of something or someone. It’s similar to motomoto when talking about inherent qualities. Example: The forest is slowly returning to its honrai no sugata.
- 生まれながらに (umarenagara ni): Meaning 'by birth' or 'innately', this emphasizes qualities that are present from the moment of birth, closely aligning with the 'by nature' aspect of motomoto. Example: She was umarenagara ni talented.
もともと (motomoto) is an adverb, meaning it modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. It typically appears at the beginning of a sentence or clause to set the stage for the original condition being discussed.
Pronunciation is straightforward: Mo-to-mo-to. Each syllable is pronounced clearly. There are no complex consonant clusters or unusual vowel sounds. Think of it as four distinct, easy-to-say parts. In terms of grammar, it doesn't change form; it's a fixed adverb. You can't make it plural or change its ending. It simply sits in the sentence to provide that crucial context of 'originally' or 'by nature'.
Fun Fact
The repetition in Japanese often serves to intensify or emphasize the meaning of the base word. So, 'moto' (origin) becomes 'motomoto' (the very origin, from the very start).
Pronunciation Guide
Sounds like 'moh-toh-moh-toh', with each 'o' sound being short and clear, similar to the 'o' in 'lot'.
Identical to the UK pronunciation, with clear, short 'o' sounds.
Common Errors
- Lengthening the 'o' sounds: saying 'moo-toh-moo-toh' instead of short 'mo-to-mo-to'.
- Adding extra sounds: pronouncing it like 'mot-o-mot-o'.
- Incorrect stress: Japanese generally has flat intonation, so avoid stressing any particular syllable heavily.
Rhymes With
Difficulty Rating
Easy to understand contextually, but nuances can be tricky.
Straightforward to use in basic sentences, harder to use precisely.
Easy to pronounce, meaning is usually clear from context.
Recognizable once you know the meaning.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
متقدم
Grammar to Know
Past Tense Forms (〜た, 〜でした)
もともと医者でした。(was originally a doctor)
Adverb Placement
もともと、彼は静かだった。(Originally, he was quiet.)
Noun Modification (〜の)
もともとの計画 (the original plan)
Examples by Level
もともと、この犬は私のものです。
Originally, this dog is mine.
もともと (motomoto) comes first.
この服はもともと青でした。
This clothing was originally blue.
Describes a past state.
彼はもともと元気な人です。
He originally is a energetic person.
Describes inherent nature.
もともと、それは私のアイデアでした。
Originally, that was my idea.
Emphasizes the first owner of an idea.
この猫はもともと野良猫でした。
This cat originally was a stray cat.
Past status.
もともと、私はここに住んでいませんでした。
Originally, I did not live here.
Original living situation.
それはもともとの計画です。
That is the original plan.
Describes the initial plan.
彼女はもともと歌が上手です。
She originally is good at singing.
Natural talent.
このレストランはもともと小さな店でした。
This restaurant originally was a small shop.
Contrast between past and present size.
彼はもともと内気ですが、慣れると話します。
He originally is shy, but gets used to it and talks.
Describes personality change.
もともとの目的は、みんなを助けることでした。
The original purpose was to help everyone.
Original intention.
この地域はもともと静かでした。
This area originally was quiet.
Describes the past state of a place.
彼女はもともと医者になりたかったそうです。
She originally wanted to become a doctor, I hear.
Past ambition.
もともとの味はとてもシンプルでした。
The original taste was very simple.
Describes original flavor.
この建物はもともと図書館でした。
This building originally was a library.
Past function.
彼はもともとスポーツが好きでした。
He originally liked sports.
Past hobby.
この計画は、もともと違う方向で進められていました。
This plan was originally proceeding in a different direction.
Indicates a change in direction.
彼女はもともと芸術家志望でしたが、今はビジネスをしています。
She originally aspired to be an artist, but now she is in business.
Contrasts past aspiration with current reality.
この問題は、もともとのシステムに欠陥があったために起こりました。
This problem occurred because the original system had a flaw.
Explains the cause based on the original state.
彼はもともと楽観的な性格なので、困難にも立ち向かえます。
He is originally an optimistic person, so he can face difficulties.
Describes an inherent personality trait.
もともとの目的は、この技術を普及させることでした。
The original purpose was to popularize this technology.
States the initial objective.
この地域は、もともと豊かな自然に恵まれていました。
This area was originally blessed with abundant nature.
Describes the original environmental condition.
彼女はもともと社交的な性格ですが、最近は少し内向的です。
She is originally a sociable person, but recently she is a bit introverted.
Highlights a change in social behavior.
この料理は、もともとのレシピを忠実に再現したものです。
This dish is a faithful reproduction of the original recipe.
Refers to an original source.
このプロジェクトは、もともと想定していたよりも多くの困難に直面しています。
This project is facing more difficulties than originally anticipated.
Compares current difficulties with initial expectations.
彼はもともと研究者でしたが、現在は企業のコンサルタントとして活躍しています。
He originally was a researcher, but is now active as a corporate consultant.
Shows a career transition from the original profession.
その法律は、もともとの意図とは異なり、予期せぬ結果を生むことになった。
That law, differing from its original intention, came to produce unexpected results.
Discusses divergence from original intent.
彼女の才能はもともと備わっていたものであり、後天的な努力だけでは説明がつかない。
Her talent was something originally endowed, and cannot be explained by acquired effort alone.
Emphasizes innate talent over acquired skill.
もともとの計画では、この地域を観光地として開発する予定だった。
In the original plan, this area was scheduled to be developed as a tourist destination.
States the initial development plan.
この技術は、もともと軍事目的で開発されたものである。
This technology was originally developed for military purposes.
Traces the origin of technology.
彼はもともと内向的な性格だったが、経験を通じて大きく成長した。
He was originally an introverted person, but he grew significantly through experience.
Highlights personal growth from an original state.
この建築様式は、もともとの地域の文化を反映している。
This architectural style reflects the original culture of the region.
Connects design to original cultural context.
その政策は、もともとの理念から逸脱し、当初の目的を達成できずにいる。
That policy has deviated from its original philosophy and is unable to achieve its initial objectives.
Critiques a policy's deviation from its foundational principles.
彼の行動は、もともと備わった正義感に基づいていると解釈できる。
His actions can be interpreted as being based on an inherent sense of justice.
Interprets actions based on innate moral qualities.
この地域がもともと持っていた静謐さは、開発によって失われつつある。
The tranquility that this region originally possessed is being lost due to development.
Laments the loss of an original, inherent quality.
彼女の芸術は、もともとの感情的なルーツを深く探求している。
Her art deeply explores her original emotional roots.
Analyzes artistic expression's connection to fundamental emotions.
もともとの構想では、この施設は地域コミュニティの中心となるはずだった。
In the original conception, this facility was supposed to become the center of the local community.
Contrasts the initial vision with the current reality.
この遺産は、もともとこの土地固有の文化遺産を保護するために設立された。
This heritage was originally established to protect the cultural heritage unique to this land.
Explains the founding purpose of a heritage site.
彼の批評は、もともとの文学的伝統への敬意を欠いている。
His criticism lacks respect for the original literary tradition.
Evaluates criticism against established traditions.
この現象は、もともと想定されていなかった要因によって引き起こされた可能性が高い。
This phenomenon was likely caused by factors that were not originally foreseen.
Attributes a phenomenon to unforeseen original factors.
その理論は、もともと想定されていた枠組みを超え、パラダイムシフトを促すものであった。
That theory transcended the framework originally envisaged, prompting a paradigm shift.
Discusses a theory's revolutionary impact beyond its initial scope.
彼の哲学は、もともと人間存在の本質に根差しており、時代を超えて普遍的な問いを投げかける。
His philosophy is inherently rooted in the essence of human existence, posing universal questions across eras.
Connects philosophy to the fundamental nature of existence.
この芸術運動は、もともと既存の権威に対するオルタナティブとして出現した。
This art movement originally emerged as an alternative to existing authorities.
Frames an art movement's origin as a counter-cultural force.
その発見は、もともと科学界で想定されていた因果関係の連鎖を覆すものであった。
That discovery overturned the chain of causality originally assumed by the scientific community.
Highlights a discovery's role in refuting established causal links.
もともとの言説においては、その概念は今日ほど多義的ではなかった。
In the original discourse, that concept was not as polysemous as it is today.
Compares the semantic evolution of a concept.
この建築物は、もともと地域の自然環境との調和を追求して設計された。
This structure was originally designed pursuing harmony with the region's natural environment.
Analyzes architectural design based on its original environmental intent.
彼の文学的スタイルは、もともと彼の個人的な経験と深い精神性から醸成されたものである。
His literary style was originally cultivated from his personal experiences and deep spirituality.
Traces literary style to its foundational personal and spiritual sources.
その社会運動は、もともと抑圧された人々の解放という純粋な動機から始まった。
That social movement originally began with the pure motive of liberating oppressed people.
Examines the foundational, unadulterated motivation of a movement.
تلازمات شائعة
Idioms & Expressions
"原点回帰 (genten kaiki)"
Returning to the origin or fundamental principles.
経営不振のため、会社は原点回帰を迫られた。
formal"本質を見抜く (honshitsu o minuku)"
To see through to the true nature of something or someone (related to 'by nature').
彼は人の本質を見抜く力がある。
neutral"昔ながら (mukashi nagara)"
Traditional, as it has been for a long time (similar to original state).
この町には昔ながらの風情が残っている。
neutral"生まれつき (umaretsuki)"
By birth, innate (very close to 'by nature').
彼女は生まれつきの才能を持っている。
neutral"当初の予定 (tōsho no yotei)"
The initial plan (similar to 'original plan').
当初の予定を変更する必要がある。
formal"本来なら (honrai nara)"
Originally, ideally, naturally (implies what should be based on the original state).
本来なら、今頃は成功しているはずだった。
neutralEasily Confused
Both can mean 'originally' or 'at the beginning'.
初め strictly refers to the initial point in time. もともと can refer to the initial point in time OR an inherent, unchanging quality ('by nature').
初めは難しかった (It was difficult at first - temporal). もともと彼は優しい (He is kind by nature - inherent quality).
Both mean 'originally' or 'by nature'.
元来 is more formal and literary than もともと. もともと is more common in everyday conversation.
元来、人間は不完全だ (Formal). もともと、この計画はシンプルだった (Everyday conversation).
Often used in contrast with もともと.
今では means 'nowadays' or 'currently', referring to the present state. もともと refers to the original or past state.
もともとは小さかったが、今では大きくなった (It was originally small, but now it has become big).
Similar meaning of 'originally', 'naturally', 'properly'.
本来 often implies 'as it should be' or 'naturally', focusing on the ideal or proper state. もともと focuses more on the historical origin or inherent characteristic.
本来なら、彼はここにいるべきだ (Ideally/Naturally, he should be here). もともと、彼はこの仕事に向いている (He is suited for this job by nature).
Sentence Patterns
もともと + [Noun Phrase] + は/が + [Description]
もともとの計画は、もっと単純でした。
もともと + [Verb Phrase]
もともと旅行するつもりでした。
もともと + [Adjective Phrase]
もともと静かな場所です。
もともと + [Sentence]
もともと、彼は医者になりたかったそうです。
もともと + [Noun Phrase] + は/が + [Past Tense Verb]
もともとの目的は、皆を助けることでした。
عائلة الكلمة
Nouns
مرتبط
How to Use It
Formality Scale
أخطاء شائعة
もともと implies a difference or a baseline. If something hasn't changed and isn't being contrasted, other words might be more appropriate.
初め means 'at first' or 'in the beginning', focusing on temporal sequence. もともと can mean 'by nature', referring to intrinsic qualities.
While もともと is versatile, 元来 offers a more academic or literary tone.
Many learners focus only on the 'originally' aspect and miss the 'inherent quality' meaning.
The word itself is neutral; the context determines the sentiment.
Tips
Memory Palace Trick
Visualize a 'moto' (元) signpost at a crossroads. One path leads to 'now', the other path is labeled 'motomoto' - the original way.
When Native Speakers Use It
Listen for it when people explain why something is different now compared to before, or when they describe someone's true personality.
Cultural Insight
Japanese culture often values understanding origins and fundamental truths. もともと helps articulate this perspective.
Grammar Shortcut
Remember: もともと usually comes at the beginning of the sentence or clause it modifies, setting the context.
Say It Right
Keep the 'o' sounds short and distinct: mo-to-mo-to. Avoid making them long like in 'go'.
Don't Make This Mistake
Avoid using もともと if you mean 'currently' or 'now'. It specifically refers to the past or inherent state.
Did You Know?
The kanji 元 (moto) itself means 'origin' or 'base'. Repeating it emphasizes 'the very origin'.
Study Smart
Create sentences comparing yourself 'now' vs. 'motomoto'. E.g., 'Motomoto, I couldn't speak Japanese, but now I can.'
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine you're looking at a map. The 'moto' (元) is the starting point, the 'X marks the spot'. 'Motomoto' is like saying 'from the very X marks the spot!'
Visual Association
Picture a seed (the original state) sprouting into a plant (the current state). The word 'motomoto' connects the seed to the plant.
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Try describing how three things in your room have changed from their original state, using もともと.
أصل الكلمة
Japanese
Original meaning: Repetition of 元 (moto), meaning 'base', 'origin', 'source'. Emphasizes the fundamental beginning.
السياق الثقافي
No particular cultural sensitivity associated with this word.
In English, we use words like 'originally', 'initially', 'by nature', 'inherently', 'fundamentally' to convey similar meanings. The concept of contrasting a past or inherent state with the present is universal.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Talking about personal history/changes
- もともと、私は〇〇でした。
- もともと〇〇したかったんです。
- でも、今は〇〇です。
Describing personality traits
- 彼はもともと〇〇な性格です。
- 彼女はもともと〇〇な人だから。
- 意外かもしれませんが、もともとは〇〇でした。
Discussing plans or intentions
- もともとの計画では〇〇でした。
- 〇〇するつもりでしたが、もともとは。
- 計画はもともと違いました。
Explaining the origin of things/places
- ここはもともと〇〇でした。
- この技術はもともと〇〇のために開発された。
- もともとの意味は〇〇です。
Conversation Starters
"What did you originally want to be when you were a child?"
"Can you think of something that has changed a lot since it was originally made?"
"Do you think people's core personalities change much, or are they 'motomoto' the same?"
"What was the original intention behind learning Japanese for you?"
"Tell me about something that is 'motomoto' a certain way, even if it seems different now."
Journal Prompts
Describe a time when your original plan changed completely. Use 'motomoto'.
Reflect on your own personality. What are some 'motomoto' traits you have?
Think about a place you know well. How was it 'motomoto' compared to how it is now?
Write about an object you own. What was its 'motomoto' purpose or appearance?
الأسئلة الشائعة
8 أسئلة初め (hajime) means 'at first' or 'in the beginning', focusing strictly on the start of a time sequence. もともと (motomoto) can mean 'originally' in a temporal sense, but also 'by nature' or 'inherently', referring to an original state or quality that might contrast with the present.
While technically possible, it's less common. もともと often implies a contrast or a baseline from which things have potentially changed. If something is still in its original state and you're not contrasting it, you might use other phrasing.
It's quite versatile and can be used in both casual and neutral contexts. In very formal or academic writing, 元来 (gairaï) might be preferred for 'originally' or 'by nature'.
The most common way is 元々. You might also see 元も子も無い (motomo ko mo nai) which is an idiom, but for the adverb, 元々 is standard.
No, not at all. It simply states the original condition. The current situation could be better, worse, or just different.
Yes, it can. For example, 「もともと静かな場所だった」 (It was originally a quiet place).
It means that the quality or characteristic is inherent, part of its fundamental being, not something acquired or changed.
Yes, besides 元来 (gairaï), you can use 初め (hajime - at first), 当初 (tōsho - initially, in the beginning, often for plans), and 元 (moto - original source/state).
اختبر نفسك
この猫は ______ 野良猫でした。
もともと means 'originally', fitting the context of the cat's past state.
「彼はもともと歌手になりたかった」の意味は？
もともと indicates a past desire or original intention.
「もともと」は、現在の状態を説明するためだけに使われる。
もともと is used to describe the original state, often in contrast to the present.
Word
المعنى
もともと covers all these English meanings.
The correct sentence is 「もともと計画は違っただった」 (The original plan was different).
彼女は ______ 楽観的な人なので、どんな困難にも立ち向かえる。
もともと describes her inherent, optimistic nature.
「この地域はもともと静かだった」という文脈で、最も近い意味を持つのはどれか？
While it implies a past state, the strongest implication is a contrast with the present, suggesting a change.
その法律は、______ 意図とは異なり、予期せぬ結果を生んだ。
もともとの modifies 'intention', indicating the original intent.
「もともと」は、現在の状態が過去の状態よりも優れていることを常に示唆する。
もともと simply states the original condition; it does not inherently imply superiority or inferiority of either state.
彼の芸術は、______ 感情的なルーツを探求している。
もともとの connects the art to its fundamental, original emotional sources.
النتيجة: /10
Summary
Use もともと to talk about the way things were at the very beginning or how they are deep down, especially when comparing it to how they are now.
- Means 'originally', 'from the start', or 'by nature'.
- Used to contrast past/inherent states with the present.
- Commonly appears at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
- Versatile in casual and neutral contexts.
Memory Palace Trick
Visualize a 'moto' (元) signpost at a crossroads. One path leads to 'now', the other path is labeled 'motomoto' - the original way.
When Native Speakers Use It
Listen for it when people explain why something is different now compared to before, or when they describe someone's true personality.
Cultural Insight
Japanese culture often values understanding origins and fundamental truths. もともと helps articulate this perspective.
Grammar Shortcut
Remember: もともと usually comes at the beginning of the sentence or clause it modifies, setting the context.
Related Content
هذه الكلمة بلغات أخرى
مزيد من كلمات academic
絶対的
B2Absolute; not qualified or diminished in any way; total.
絶対的に
B1In a complete, unconditional, or conclusive manner; absolutely.
抽象的だ
B1Abstract; existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.
抽象
B2Existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence. It refers to generalizing or extracting the essence of something away from specific details.
抽象的に
B1In an abstract or theoretical manner.
学術的な
B1Academic, scholarly; relating to education and scholarship.
学術的だ
B1Academic; relating to education and scholarship.
学術的
B2Academic; relating to education and scholarship.
学術
B1Academia; scholarship; relating to scholarly pursuits.
学力
B1Academic ability; a person's level of knowledge and skill in academic subjects.
