B1 · متوسط فصل 18

Relaying Complex Messages and Rumors

6 القواعد الإجمالية
63 أمثلة
5 دقيقة
القواعد في هذا الفصل تدريب سريع

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of relaying information, gossip, and plans with native-level confidence.

  • Report past statements and future intentions accurately.
  • Transform direct questions and commands into natural indirect speech.
  • Utilize casual short-form reporting to sound like a local.
From direct quotes to social storytelling mastery.

ما ستتعلمه

Ready to become the ultimate Korean conversationalist? This chapter isn't just about repeating words; it's about mastering the art of relaying complex messages, rumors, and conversations with precision and natural flow! We're diving deep into six essential patterns that will make your Korean sound incredibly natural. You'll learn how to accurately report past statements with 다고 (Said that [verb]ed), and share future plans or predictions using ㄹ/을 거라고 (I heard they will...). Imagine confidently sharing gossip about what your favorite K-pop idol *said they'd do* next! Ever struggled to report a question? Not anymore! With 냐고/으냐고 묻다, you'll effortlessly turn direct questions into reported ones, just like saying '...asked if...' in English. Need to pass on an order? We'll tackle (으)라고 하다 for reporting commands ('He told me to...'), even navigating the tricky 주다/달다 distinctions. And for those group plans, -자고 하다 lets you report suggestions or proposals like 'She suggested we...' But the real game-changer for sounding native? The short reported speech form, -ㄴ/은/는대. This casual gem lets you quickly and smoothly relay information you heard from others, like 'I heard that...' without a mouthful of words. By the end of this chapter, you'll move beyond direct quotes to truly *converse* in Korean, making your conversations richer and more engaging. Get ready to sound more natural, more expressive, and totally in the know!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Accurately report what a friend said they did yesterday.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Relay a question or command heard from a third party.

دليل الفصل

نظرة عامة

Welcome to your next big step in mastering Korean grammar B1! This chapter is your ticket to becoming a truly natural and engaging Korean speaker. We're moving beyond simple sentences and diving into the exciting world of relaying complex messages and sharing what others have said, asked, or even suggested.
This isn't just about memorizing rules; it's about adding nuance and flow to your conversations, making you sound incredibly authentic. At the CEFR B1 level, you're ready to tackle these sophisticated structures that are essential for everyday communication in Korea.
Imagine effortlessly sharing gossip about a K-pop idol's next move, recounting a friend's exciting travel plans, or relaying an important message from your boss – all with precision and ease. This guide will equip you with six powerful Korean grammar patterns that cover every scenario of indirect speech. You'll learn to report past statements, future predictions, questions, commands, and suggestions, making your dialogue richer and more dynamic.
By mastering these patterns, you'll significantly enhance your conversational abilities. No more direct quotes that sound clunky; instead, you'll seamlessly integrate reported speech, reflecting the natural rhythm of Korean conversations. Get ready to transform your Korean language skills and truly connect with native speakers on a deeper level!

كيف تعمل هذه القاعدة

This chapter introduces six crucial Korean grammar patterns for indirect speech, allowing you to rephrase what someone else said without directly quoting them.
First, for relaying statements, we use -다고 하다. This covers both verbs and adjectives. For present tense verbs, you attach -는다고 하다 (e.g., 먹다 becomes 먹는다고 하다), and for adjectives, -다고 하다 (e.g., 예쁘다 becomes 예쁘다고 하다). For past tense, it's -았/었다고 하다 (e.g., 갔다 becomes 갔다고 하다).
* 민수 씨가 어제 영화를 봤다고 했어요. (Minsu said he watched a movie yesterday.)
* 그 식당 음식이 맛있다고 해요. (They say the food at that restaurant is delicious.)
To report future plans or predictions, we use -ㄹ/을 거라고 하다. This combines the future tense ending with the reported speech marker.
* 친구가 내일 파티에 올 거라고 했어요. (My friend said they would come to the party tomorrow.)
* 비가 올 거라고 들었어요. (I heard it's going to rain.)
When you need to report a question, the pattern is -냐고/으냐고 묻다/하다. The verb 묻다 (to ask) is commonly used.
* 선생님이 숙제가 있냐고 물어봤어요. (The teacher asked if there was homework.)
* 친구가 어디 가냐고 했어요. (My friend asked where I was going.)
For reporting commands or requests, we use -(으)라고 하다. Remember the distinction for give me requests: -달라고 하다 when the speaker is asking for something for themselves, and -주라고 하다 when asking for something for someone else.
* 엄마가 방을 청소하라고 했어요. (Mom told me to clean my room.)
* 친구가 저에게 책을 달라고 했어요. (My friend asked me to give them the book.)
To report suggestions or proposals, similar to "let's," we use -자고 하다.
* 수미가 같이 밥 먹자고 했어요. (Sumi suggested we eat together.)
Finally, for a casual and natural flow, master the short reported speech form: -ㄴ/은/는대. This is a shortened version of -다고/라고/냐고/자고 하다 and is very common in informal conversations.
* 친구가 오늘 바쁘대. (My friend said they're busy today.) (Short for 바쁘다고 해.)
* 내일 영화 보러 가재. (They suggested we go watch a movie tomorrow.) (Short for 가자고 해.)

الأخطاء الشائعة

  1. 1✗ Wrong: 친구가 어디 가다고 물어봤어요.
✓ Correct: 친구가 어디 가냐고 물어봤어요.
*Explanation:* When reporting a question, you must use the question form -냐고/으냐고 with 묻다/하다, not the statement form -다고.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 엄마가 숙제를 같이 하라고 했어요. (Meaning: Mom suggested we do homework together.)
✓ Correct: 엄마가 숙제를 같이 하자고 했어요.
*Explanation:* -(으)라고 하다 is for commands (do it!). If you want to report a suggestion ("let's do it!"), you need to use -자고 하다.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 사장님이 회의가 늦겠대. (Meaning: The boss said the meeting would be late.)
✓ Correct: 사장님이 회의가 늦을 거라고 했어요.
*Explanation:* The short reported speech form -ㄴ/은/는대 is highly informal. It's inappropriate to use it when speaking about or to superiors like your boss (사장님). Always use the full, polite forms in formal situations.

محادثات حقيقية

A

A

민수 씨가 내일 뭐 한대요? (What did Minsu say he's doing tomorrow?)
B

B

민수 씨가 내일 친구랑 영화 보러 갈 거라고 했어요. (Minsu said he's going to watch a movie with a friend tomorrow.)
A

A

어제 선생님이 뭐라고 물어보셨어요? (What did the teacher ask yesterday?)
B

B

선생님이 다음 주까지 숙제를 내라고 하셨어요. (The teacher told us to turn in the homework by next week.)
A

A

수미가 왜 이렇게 피곤해 보여? (Why does Sumi look so tired?)
B

B

어제 밤새 게임했대. (She said she played games all night last night.)

أسئلة شائعة

Q

How do I use Korean indirect speech for adjectives?

For adjectives, you generally use -다고 하다. For example, '예쁘다' (to be pretty) becomes '예쁘다고 하다' (said it was pretty). You attach -다고 하다 directly to the adjective stem.

Q

What's the difference between -라고 하다 and -달라고 하다 in Korean reported commands?

-라고 하다 is a general command, telling someone to do something. -달라고 하다 is a specific type of command used when the speaker is asking someone to *give something to them* or *do something for them*. For example, '돈을 내라고 했어요' (He told them to pay money) vs. '돈을 달라고 했어요' (He asked them to give *him* money).

Q

Can I use -ㄴ/은/는대 in formal situations?

No, -ㄴ/은/는대 is an informal, casual form of reported speech and should be avoided in formal settings or when speaking to superiors. Stick to the full, polite forms like -다고 하다 and -라고 하다 when formality is required.

Q

Are there different forms of indirect speech for different tenses in Korean?

Yes! The tense of the original statement is often reflected *before* the indirect speech ending. For example, '먹었다' (ate) becomes '먹었다고 하다' (said they ate), and '먹을 것이다' (will eat) becomes '먹을 거라고 하다' (said they would eat).

السياق الثقافي

In Korean culture, using indirect speech is incredibly common, especially to soften direct statements, avoid confrontation, or show politeness. Instead of directly stating an opinion, Koreans often say "They say it's good
(좋다고 해요) or
I heard it's good" (좋대요). The short forms like -ㄴ/은/는대 are prevalent in casual conversations among friends and family, making communication faster and more fluid.
Mastering these forms will make your Korean sound much more natural and integrated into everyday social interactions.

أمثلة رئيسية (4)

1

민수가 내일 학교에 올 거라고 했어요.

قال مينسو إنه سيأتي إلى المدرسة غداً.

الإبلاغ عن المستقبل: سمعت أنهم سـ... (ㄹ/을 거라고)
2

기상청에서 오늘 밤에 눈이 올 거라고 해요.

تقول هيئة الأرصاد الجوية إن الثلج سيسقط الليلة.

الإبلاغ عن المستقبل: سمعت أنهم سـ... (ㄹ/을 거라고)
3

The doctor told me to quit smoking.

الدكتور قالي أبطل تدخين.

نقل الأوامر: "أخبر شخصاً بأن..." ((으)라고 하다)
4

My friend told me to come early tomorrow.

صاحبي قالي آجي بدري بكرة.

نقل الأوامر: "أخبر شخصاً بأن..." ((으)라고 하다)

نصائح وحيل (4)

🎯

الاختصار السريع 'Dae'

في الكلام السريع، الكوريين بيختصروا ~았/었다고 해 لـ ~았/었대. مثلاً بدل ما تقول 'قال إنه راح' بشكل طويل، قول: «갔대».
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: قال إنه [فعل] - الكلام غير المباشر في الماضي
💡

دور 'الناقل'

القاعدة دي بتخليك مجرد 'ناقل للرسالة'. يعني لو الخطة اتغيرت، مش غلطتك أنت! «민수가 갈 거라고 했어요.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: الإبلاغ عن المستقبل: سمعت أنهم سـ... (ㄹ/을 거라고)
🎯

اختصار الكلام اليومي

في المحادثات السريعة، الكوريين غالباً بيحذفوا حرف الـ '느' أو '으'. فبدل ما تقول '좋으냐고' بيقولوا «좋냐고». جربها لتبدو طبيعياً!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: نقل الأسئلة: '...سأل إذا...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)
🎯

مين اللي هياخد الحاجة؟

ركز جداً! لو المتحدث الأصلي قال 'إديني أنا!' استخدم 달라고. لو قال 'إديه لشخص تالت!' استخدم 주라고. زي: «책을 달라고 했어요.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: نقل الأوامر: "أخبر شخصاً بأن..." ((으)라고 하다)

المفردات الرئيسية (5)

전하다 (jeonhada) to convey/relay 소문 (somun) rumor 말씀하다 (malsseumhada) to speak (honorific) 물어보다 (mureoboda) to ask 제안하다 (jeanhada) to suggest

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Office Gossip

Review Summary

  • Verb + -다고 하다
  • Verb + -ㄹ/을 거라고 하다
  • Verb + -냐고 묻다
  • Verb + -(으)라고 하다
  • Verb + -자고 하다
  • Verb + -ㄴ/은/는대

أخطاء شائعة

You cannot use -다고 for questions. Use -냐고 for inquiries.

Wrong: 그가 집에 간다고 묻었어요.
صحيح: 그가 집에 가냐고 물었어요.

Reported commands drop the polite honorific suffix inside the quote.

Wrong: 선생님은 공부를 하세요라고 했어요.
صحيح: 선생님은 공부를 하라고 하셨어요.

In casual settings, -대 is much more natural than the full -다고 해요.

Wrong: 내일 비가 온다고 해요 (shortened to 내일 비가 온대요 is correct, but using long form in casual speech sounds stiff).
صحيح: 내일 비가 온대요.

القواعد في هذا الفصل (6)

1

قال إنه [فعل] - الكلام غير المباشر في الماضي

B1
ببساطة، ضيف 다고 بعد صيغة الماضي لأي فعل أو صفة عشان تنقل كلام صار وخلص، زي «갔다고» أو «먹었다고».
Jessica said she came to Korea yesterday.
10 أمثلة
2

الإبلاغ عن المستقبل: سمعت أنهم سـ... (ㄹ/을 거라고)

B1
استخدم الأدوات «ㄹ 거라고» أو «을 거라고» عشان تنقل كلام سمعته أو فكرة كنت بتفكر فيها عن حاجة هتحصل في المستقبل.
민수가 내일 학교에 올 거라고 했어요.
10 أمثلة
3

نقل الأسئلة: '...سأل إذا...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)

B1
هيّا نتعلم كيف ننقل الأسئلة! استخدم «냐고» للصفات، «느냐고» للأفعال، و «이냐고» للأسماء لتصبح محترفاً.
My friend asked if the movie was interesting.
10 أمثلة
4

نقل الأوامر: "أخبر شخصاً بأن..." ((으)라고 하다)

B1
استخدم «(으)라고 하다» عشان تنقل الأوامر زي «قالي أعمل كذا»، وخليك شاطر وفرق بين «달라고» و «주라고».
The doctor told me to quit smoking.
12 أمثلة
5

الكلام المنقول: "هيا بنا..." (-jago hada)

B1
استخدم الأدوات دي عشان تنقل اقتراح: «-자고 하다» للاقتراح الإيجابي، و «-지 말자고 하다» عشان تقول «يلّا بلاش».
My friend suggested we have a drink tonight.
10 أمثلة
6

الكلام المنقول المختصر: سمعت أن... (-ㄴ/은/는대)

B1
استخدم «-대(요)» عشان تنقل معلومة سمعتها من شخص ثاني بطريقة مختصرة وذكية. فكر فيها كأنها «يقولون» أو «سمعت إن». الكلمات المفتاحية هي: «-대»، «-ㄴ대»، «-래».
내일 비가 온대요.
11 أمثلة

Next Steps

You've successfully mastered the art of reporting! Use these new tools to keep your conversations lively and accurate. See you in the next chapter!

Listen to a K-drama and identify one reported statement.

Continue to: Respecting the Subject: Honorific Verb Forms

تدريب سريع (6)

املأ الفراغ لنقل السؤال: "지금 바빠요؟" (هل أنت مشغول الآن؟)

친구가 저에게 지금 ______ 물었어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 바쁘냐고
바쁘다 صفة تنتهي بحرف علة، لذا نضيف -냐고 لنقل السؤال.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: نقل الأسئلة: '...سأل إذا...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)

أي جملة تنقل السؤال التالي بشكل صحيح: "점심 먹었어요؟" (هل أكلت الغداء؟)

اختر الجملة الصحيحة:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 엄마가 점심을 먹었냐고 물어보셨어요.
لنقل سؤال في الماضي، نستخدم جذع الماضي 먹었다 ونضيف -냐고.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: نقل الأسئلة: '...سأل إذا...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)

جد الخطأ وصححه في نقل 'كل خبزك' (빵을 먹어).

Find and fix the mistake:

엄마가 빵을 먹라고 했어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 엄ما가 빵을 먹으라고 했어요.
فعل 먹다 ينتهي بحرف ساكن، لذا يحتاج إلى -으라고.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: نقل الأوامر: "أخبر شخصاً بأن..." ((으)라고 하다)

املأ الفراغ بالصيغة الصحيحة لفعل '가다' (يذهب).

선생님이 교실로 ___-라고 하셨어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 가
فعل 가다 ينتهي بحرف علة، لذا نضيف -라고 مباشرة.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: نقل الأوامر: "أخبر شخصاً بأن..." ((으)라고 하다)

أي جملة تنقل 'لا تبكِ' (울지 마) بشكل صحيح؟

اختر الجملة الصحيحة:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 울지 말라고 했어요.
الأوامر المنفية تستخدم دائماً الصيغة -지 말라고 하다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: نقل الأوامر: "أخبر شخصاً بأن..." ((으)라고 하다)

جد الخطأ في الجملة وقم بتصحيحه.

수진 씨가 이 책을 읽느냐고 물었어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 수진 씨가 이 책을 읽었냐고 물었어요.
رغم أن 읽느냐고 صحيحة للحاضر، إلا أن سياق السؤال عن كتاب عادة ما يكون في الماضي 'هل قرأت؟'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: نقل الأسئلة: '...سأل إذا...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)

Score: /6

أسئلة شائعة (6)

الفرق في الزمن! 았/었다고 بتنقل حاجة حصلت في الماضي (قال إنه **أكل**)، أما ㄴ/는다고 بتنقل حاجة بتحصل دلوقتي (بيقول إنه **بياكل**).
طبعاً! في الماضي، الصفات بتتعامل زي الأفعال بالظبط، بنضيف لها 았/었다고. مثلاً: «좋았다고».
هي الصيغة المستخدمة في الكلام اليومي، وهي اختصار لـ «ㄹ 것이라고». لو عايز تخليها مهذبة ضيف «요» في الآخر: «거라고요».
أكيد! مع الأسماء بنستخدم «일 거라고». مثلاً: «선물일 거라고 생각해요» (أعتقد أنها ستكون هدية).
وظيفتها هي نقل سؤال سأله شخص آخر. هي المقابل لقولنا 'سأل إذا كان...' مثل تحويل 'هل أنت بخير؟' إلى «그 남자가 괜찮으냐고 물었어요.»
يعتمد ذلك على جذع الصفة. إذا انتهى بحرف ساكن مثل 좋다 نستخدم «좋으냐고». وإذا انتهى بحرف علة مثل 예쁘다 نستخدم «예쁘냐고».
الفصل السابق
Respectful Speech and Basic Quotes
الفصل التالي
Respecting the Subject: Honorific Verb Forms
العودة إلى خارطة الطريق