B1 · Intermediário Capítulo 18

Relaying Complex Messages and Rumors

6 Regras totais
63 exemplos
5 min
Regras neste capítulo Prática rápida

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of relaying information, gossip, and plans with native-level confidence.

  • Report past statements and future intentions accurately.
  • Transform direct questions and commands into natural indirect speech.
  • Utilize casual short-form reporting to sound like a local.
From direct quotes to social storytelling mastery.

O que você vai aprender

Ready to become the ultimate Korean conversationalist? This chapter isn't just about repeating words; it's about mastering the art of relaying complex messages, rumors, and conversations with precision and natural flow! We're diving deep into six essential patterns that will make your Korean sound incredibly natural. You'll learn how to accurately report past statements with 다고 (Said that [verb]ed), and share future plans or predictions using ㄹ/을 거라고 (I heard they will...). Imagine confidently sharing gossip about what your favorite K-pop idol *said they'd do* next! Ever struggled to report a question? Not anymore! With 냐고/으냐고 묻다, you'll effortlessly turn direct questions into reported ones, just like saying '...asked if...' in English. Need to pass on an order? We'll tackle (으)라고 하다 for reporting commands ('He told me to...'), even navigating the tricky 주다/달다 distinctions. And for those group plans, -자고 하다 lets you report suggestions or proposals like 'She suggested we...' But the real game-changer for sounding native? The short reported speech form, -ㄴ/은/는대. This casual gem lets you quickly and smoothly relay information you heard from others, like 'I heard that...' without a mouthful of words. By the end of this chapter, you'll move beyond direct quotes to truly *converse* in Korean, making your conversations richer and more engaging. Get ready to sound more natural, more expressive, and totally in the know!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Accurately report what a friend said they did yesterday.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Relay a question or command heard from a third party.

Guia do capítulo

Overview

Welcome to your next big step in mastering Korean grammar B1! This chapter is your ticket to becoming a truly natural and engaging Korean speaker. We're moving beyond simple sentences and diving into the exciting world of relaying complex messages and sharing what others have said, asked, or even suggested.
This isn't just about memorizing rules; it's about adding nuance and flow to your conversations, making you sound incredibly authentic. At the CEFR B1 level, you're ready to tackle these sophisticated structures that are essential for everyday communication in Korea.
Imagine effortlessly sharing gossip about a K-pop idol's next move, recounting a friend's exciting travel plans, or relaying an important message from your boss – all with precision and ease. This guide will equip you with six powerful Korean grammar patterns that cover every scenario of indirect speech. You'll learn to report past statements, future predictions, questions, commands, and suggestions, making your dialogue richer and more dynamic.
By mastering these patterns, you'll significantly enhance your conversational abilities. No more direct quotes that sound clunky; instead, you'll seamlessly integrate reported speech, reflecting the natural rhythm of Korean conversations. Get ready to transform your Korean language skills and truly connect with native speakers on a deeper level!

How This Grammar Works

This chapter introduces six crucial Korean grammar patterns for indirect speech, allowing you to rephrase what someone else said without directly quoting them.
First, for relaying statements, we use -다고 하다. This covers both verbs and adjectives. For present tense verbs, you attach -는다고 하다 (e.g., 먹다 becomes 먹는다고 하다), and for adjectives, -다고 하다 (e.g., 예쁘다 becomes 예쁘다고 하다). For past tense, it's -았/었다고 하다 (e.g., 갔다 becomes 갔다고 하다).
* 민수 씨가 어제 영화를 봤다고 했어요. (Minsu said he watched a movie yesterday.)
* 그 식당 음식이 맛있다고 해요. (They say the food at that restaurant is delicious.)
To report future plans or predictions, we use -ㄹ/을 거라고 하다. This combines the future tense ending with the reported speech marker.
* 친구가 내일 파티에 올 거라고 했어요. (My friend said they would come to the party tomorrow.)
* 비가 올 거라고 들었어요. (I heard it's going to rain.)
When you need to report a question, the pattern is -냐고/으냐고 묻다/하다. The verb 묻다 (to ask) is commonly used.
* 선생님이 숙제가 있냐고 물어봤어요. (The teacher asked if there was homework.)
* 친구가 어디 가냐고 했어요. (My friend asked where I was going.)
For reporting commands or requests, we use -(으)라고 하다. Remember the distinction for give me requests: -달라고 하다 when the speaker is asking for something for themselves, and -주라고 하다 when asking for something for someone else.
* 엄마가 방을 청소하라고 했어요. (Mom told me to clean my room.)
* 친구가 저에게 책을 달라고 했어요. (My friend asked me to give them the book.)
To report suggestions or proposals, similar to "let's," we use -자고 하다.
* 수미가 같이 밥 먹자고 했어요. (Sumi suggested we eat together.)
Finally, for a casual and natural flow, master the short reported speech form: -ㄴ/은/는대. This is a shortened version of -다고/라고/냐고/자고 하다 and is very common in informal conversations.
* 친구가 오늘 바쁘대. (My friend said they're busy today.) (Short for 바쁘다고 해.)
* 내일 영화 보러 가재. (They suggested we go watch a movie tomorrow.) (Short for 가자고 해.)

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong: 친구가 어디 가다고 물어봤어요.
✓ Correct: 친구가 어디 가냐고 물어봤어요.
*Explanation:* When reporting a question, you must use the question form -냐고/으냐고 with 묻다/하다, not the statement form -다고.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 엄마가 숙제를 같이 하라고 했어요. (Meaning: Mom suggested we do homework together.)
✓ Correct: 엄마가 숙제를 같이 하자고 했어요.
*Explanation:* -(으)라고 하다 is for commands (do it!). If you want to report a suggestion ("let's do it!"), you need to use -자고 하다.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 사장님이 회의가 늦겠대. (Meaning: The boss said the meeting would be late.)
✓ Correct: 사장님이 회의가 늦을 거라고 했어요.
*Explanation:* The short reported speech form -ㄴ/은/는대 is highly informal. It's inappropriate to use it when speaking about or to superiors like your boss (사장님). Always use the full, polite forms in formal situations.

Real Conversations

A

A

민수 씨가 내일 뭐 한대요? (What did Minsu say he's doing tomorrow?)
B

B

민수 씨가 내일 친구랑 영화 보러 갈 거라고 했어요. (Minsu said he's going to watch a movie with a friend tomorrow.)
A

A

어제 선생님이 뭐라고 물어보셨어요? (What did the teacher ask yesterday?)
B

B

선생님이 다음 주까지 숙제를 내라고 하셨어요. (The teacher told us to turn in the homework by next week.)
A

A

수미가 왜 이렇게 피곤해 보여? (Why does Sumi look so tired?)
B

B

어제 밤새 게임했대. (She said she played games all night last night.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I use Korean indirect speech for adjectives?

For adjectives, you generally use -다고 하다. For example, '예쁘다' (to be pretty) becomes '예쁘다고 하다' (said it was pretty). You attach -다고 하다 directly to the adjective stem.

Q

What's the difference between -라고 하다 and -달라고 하다 in Korean reported commands?

-라고 하다 is a general command, telling someone to do something. -달라고 하다 is a specific type of command used when the speaker is asking someone to *give something to them* or *do something for them*. For example, '돈을 내라고 했어요' (He told them to pay money) vs. '돈을 달라고 했어요' (He asked them to give *him* money).

Q

Can I use -ㄴ/은/는대 in formal situations?

No, -ㄴ/은/는대 is an informal, casual form of reported speech and should be avoided in formal settings or when speaking to superiors. Stick to the full, polite forms like -다고 하다 and -라고 하다 when formality is required.

Q

Are there different forms of indirect speech for different tenses in Korean?

Yes! The tense of the original statement is often reflected *before* the indirect speech ending. For example, '먹었다' (ate) becomes '먹었다고 하다' (said they ate), and '먹을 것이다' (will eat) becomes '먹을 거라고 하다' (said they would eat).

Cultural Context

In Korean culture, using indirect speech is incredibly common, especially to soften direct statements, avoid confrontation, or show politeness. Instead of directly stating an opinion, Koreans often say "They say it's good
(좋다고 해요) or
I heard it's good" (좋대요). The short forms like -ㄴ/은/는대 are prevalent in casual conversations among friends and family, making communication faster and more fluid.
Mastering these forms will make your Korean sound much more natural and integrated into everyday social interactions.

Exemplos-chave (8)

1

Jessica disse que veio para a Coreia ontem.

A Jessica disse que veio para a Coreia ontem.

Disse que [verbo] - Discurso indireto passado
2

Ouvi dizer que aquele filme foi muito interessante.

Ouvi dizer que aquele filme foi muito legal.

Disse que [verbo] - Discurso indireto passado
3

민수가 내일 학교에 올 거라고 했어요.

O Minsu disse que virá à escola amanhã.

Relatando o Futuro: Ouvi dizer que eles vão... (ㄹ/을 거라고)
4

기상청에서 오늘 밤에 눈이 올 거라고 해요.

O serviço meteorológico diz que vai nevar hoje à noite.

Relatando o Futuro: Ouvi dizer que eles vão... (ㄹ/을 거라고)
5

My friend asked if the movie was interesting.

My friend asked if the movie was interesting.

Relatando Perguntas: '...perguntou se...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)
6

The teacher asked if I had done all my homework.

The teacher asked if I had done all my homework.

Relatando Perguntas: '...perguntou se...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)
7

The doctor told me to quit smoking.

O médico me disse para parar de fumar.

Relatando comandos: "Dizer para..." ((으)라고 하다)
8

My friend told me to come early tomorrow.

Minha amiga me disse para vir cedo amanhã.

Relatando comandos: "Dizer para..." ((으)라고 하다)

Dicas e truques (4)

🎯

O Atalho 'Dae'

Na vida real, a gente quase sempre encurta ~았/었다고 해 para ~았/었대. Para dizer que ele foi, use «갔대».
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Disse que [verbo] - Discurso indireto passado
💡

A Nuance do Mensageiro

Usar essa gramática deixa claro que você é apenas o mensageiro. É ótimo para quando você não quer assumir 100% da responsabilidade pelo plano: «올 거라고 했어요.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relatando o Futuro: Ouvi dizer que eles vão... (ㄹ/을 거라고)
💡

Verb vs Adjective

Remember: Verbs get '느냐고', Adjectives just get '냐고'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relatando Perguntas: '...perguntou se...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)
🎯

A Regra do 'Dar'

Veja quem recebe o item. Se pediram pra dar pra eles mesmos, use «달라고». Se for pra outra pessoa, use «주라고». Isso cai muito em prova! «도와달라고 했어요.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relatando comandos: "Dizer para..." ((으)라고 하다)

Vocabulário-chave (5)

전하다 (jeonhada) to convey/relay 소문 (somun) rumor 말씀하다 (malsseumhada) to speak (honorific) 물어보다 (mureoboda) to ask 제안하다 (jeanhada) to suggest

Real-World Preview

coffee

Office Gossip

Review Summary

  • Verb + -다고 하다
  • Verb + -ㄹ/을 거라고 하다
  • Verb + -냐고 묻다
  • Verb + -(으)라고 하다
  • Verb + -자고 하다
  • Verb + -ㄴ/은/는대

Erros comuns

You cannot use -다고 for questions. Use -냐고 for inquiries.

Wrong: 그가 집에 간다고 묻었어요.
Correto: 그가 집에 가냐고 물었어요.

Reported commands drop the polite honorific suffix inside the quote.

Wrong: 선생님은 공부를 하세요라고 했어요.
Correto: 선생님은 공부를 하라고 하셨어요.

In casual settings, -대 is much more natural than the full -다고 해요.

Wrong: 내일 비가 온다고 해요 (shortened to 내일 비가 온대요 is correct, but using long form in casual speech sounds stiff).
Correto: 내일 비가 온대요.

Next Steps

You've successfully mastered the art of reporting! Use these new tools to keep your conversations lively and accurate. See you in the next chapter!

Listen to a K-drama and identify one reported statement.

Continue to: Respecting the Subject: Honorific Verb Forms

Prática rápida (10)

Encontre e corrija o erro de conjugação.

그 사람은 학생래.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 그 사람은 학생이래.
Para substantivos terminados em consoante (학생), devemos usar -이래 (curto para 이라고 해).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Discurso Indireto Curto: Ouvi dizer que... (-ㄴ/은/는대)

Qual frase diz corretamente 'Ouvi dizer que o filme é divertido'?

Escolha a frase gramaticalmente correta:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 영화가 재미있대.
재미있다 é um adjetivo (verbo descritivo), então ele recebe apenas -대, sem o -는.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Discurso Indireto Curto: Ouvi dizer que... (-ㄴ/은/는대)

Preencha a lacuna com a forma correta de discurso indireto no passado.

친구가 어제 피자를 ___ 했어요. (먹다 - comer)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 먹었다고
Como a ação (comer) foi ontem, usamos o radical do passado 먹었 + 다고.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Disse que [verbo] - Discurso indireto passado

Which is the most formal?

Choose the formal version.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 그가 가느냐고 물었습니다
Formal ending -습니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relatando Perguntas: '...perguntou se...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)

Preencha a lacuna com a forma correta do discurso indireto.

친구가 내일 ___ (오다). (Minha amiga disse que vem amanhã.)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 온대
Para verbos de ação no presente que terminam em vogal (오다), adicionamos -ㄴ대.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Discurso Indireto Curto: Ouvi dizer que... (-ㄴ/은/는대)

Qual frase reporta corretamente 'Não chore' (울지 마)?

Escolha a frase correta:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 울지 말라고 했어요.
Ordens negativas usam a forma -지 말라고 하다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relatando comandos: "Dizer para..." ((으)라고 하다)

Qual frase relata corretamente: 'Ele disse que foi para casa'?

Selecione a frase correta em coreano:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 집에 갔다고 했어요.
간다고 é presente, 가라고 é ordem, mas 갔다고 relata o passado (foi).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Disse que [verbo] - Discurso indireto passado

Encontre e corrija o erro ao reportar 'Coma seu pão' (빵을 먹어).

Find and fix the mistake:

엄마가 빵을 먹라고 했어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 엄마가 빵을 먹으라고 했어요.
먹다 termina em consoante, exigindo o uso de -으라고.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relatando comandos: "Dizer para..." ((으)라고 하다)

Fill in the blank with the correct form.

그가 밥을 ___ 물었어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 먹느냐고
Verb stem + 느냐고.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relatando Perguntas: '...perguntou se...' (냐고/으냐고 묻다)

Preencha a lacuna com a forma correta de '가다' (ir).

선생님이 교실로 ___-라고 하셨어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 가
가다 termina em vogal, então simplesmente adicionamos -라고.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relatando comandos: "Dizer para..." ((으)라고 하다)

Score: /10

Perguntas comuns (6)

É o tempo! 았/었다고 cita algo que JÁ aconteceu, como «먹었다고» (disse que comeu). Já ㄴ/는다고 cita algo que acontece no presente.
Sim, com certeza! No passado, adjetivos funcionam igual aos verbos. Por exemplo, de 좋다 (bom) vira «좋았다고».
É a versão falada de «ㄹ 것이라고». Você pode torná-la polida adicionando «요» no final: «거라고요». Por exemplo: «갈 거라고요.»
Sim! Para substantivos, use «일 거라고». Exemplo: «선물일 거라고 생각해요» (Acho que será um presente).
Yes, '물어봤어요' is a very common, slightly more casual way to say 'asked'.
In written Korean, yes. In spoken Korean, it is often dropped.
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