B1 · 中级 章节 18

Relaying Complex Messages and Rumors

6 总规则
63 例句
5 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of relaying information, gossip, and plans with native-level confidence.

  • Report past statements and future intentions accurately.
  • Transform direct questions and commands into natural indirect speech.
  • Utilize casual short-form reporting to sound like a local.
From direct quotes to social storytelling mastery.

你将学到什么

Ready to become the ultimate Korean conversationalist? This chapter isn't just about repeating words; it's about mastering the art of relaying complex messages, rumors, and conversations with precision and natural flow! We're diving deep into six essential patterns that will make your Korean sound incredibly natural. You'll learn how to accurately report past statements with 다고 (Said that [verb]ed), and share future plans or predictions using ㄹ/을 거라고 (I heard they will...). Imagine confidently sharing gossip about what your favorite K-pop idol *said they'd do* next! Ever struggled to report a question? Not anymore! With 냐고/으냐고 묻다, you'll effortlessly turn direct questions into reported ones, just like saying '...asked if...' in English. Need to pass on an order? We'll tackle (으)라고 하다 for reporting commands ('He told me to...'), even navigating the tricky 주다/달다 distinctions. And for those group plans, -자고 하다 lets you report suggestions or proposals like 'She suggested we...' But the real game-changer for sounding native? The short reported speech form, -ㄴ/은/는대. This casual gem lets you quickly and smoothly relay information you heard from others, like 'I heard that...' without a mouthful of words. By the end of this chapter, you'll move beyond direct quotes to truly *converse* in Korean, making your conversations richer and more engaging. Get ready to sound more natural, more expressive, and totally in the know!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Accurately report what a friend said they did yesterday.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Relay a question or command heard from a third party.

章节指南

Overview

Welcome to your next big step in mastering Korean grammar B1! This chapter is your ticket to becoming a truly natural and engaging Korean speaker. We're moving beyond simple sentences and diving into the exciting world of relaying complex messages and sharing what others have said, asked, or even suggested.
This isn't just about memorizing rules; it's about adding nuance and flow to your conversations, making you sound incredibly authentic. At the CEFR B1 level, you're ready to tackle these sophisticated structures that are essential for everyday communication in Korea.
Imagine effortlessly sharing gossip about a K-pop idol's next move, recounting a friend's exciting travel plans, or relaying an important message from your boss – all with precision and ease. This guide will equip you with six powerful Korean grammar patterns that cover every scenario of indirect speech. You'll learn to report past statements, future predictions, questions, commands, and suggestions, making your dialogue richer and more dynamic.
By mastering these patterns, you'll significantly enhance your conversational abilities. No more direct quotes that sound clunky; instead, you'll seamlessly integrate reported speech, reflecting the natural rhythm of Korean conversations. Get ready to transform your Korean language skills and truly connect with native speakers on a deeper level!

How This Grammar Works

This chapter introduces six crucial Korean grammar patterns for indirect speech, allowing you to rephrase what someone else said without directly quoting them.
First, for relaying statements, we use -다고 하다. This covers both verbs and adjectives. For present tense verbs, you attach -는다고 하다 (e.g., 먹다 becomes 먹는다고 하다), and for adjectives, -다고 하다 (e.g., 예쁘다 becomes 예쁘다고 하다). For past tense, it's -았/었다고 하다 (e.g., 갔다 becomes 갔다고 하다).
* 민수 씨가 어제 영화를 봤다고 했어요. (Minsu said he watched a movie yesterday.)
* 그 식당 음식이 맛있다고 해요. (They say the food at that restaurant is delicious.)
To report future plans or predictions, we use -ㄹ/을 거라고 하다. This combines the future tense ending with the reported speech marker.
* 친구가 내일 파티에 올 거라고 했어요. (My friend said they would come to the party tomorrow.)
* 비가 올 거라고 들었어요. (I heard it's going to rain.)
When you need to report a question, the pattern is -냐고/으냐고 묻다/하다. The verb 묻다 (to ask) is commonly used.
* 선생님이 숙제가 있냐고 물어봤어요. (The teacher asked if there was homework.)
* 친구가 어디 가냐고 했어요. (My friend asked where I was going.)
For reporting commands or requests, we use -(으)라고 하다. Remember the distinction for give me requests: -달라고 하다 when the speaker is asking for something for themselves, and -주라고 하다 when asking for something for someone else.
* 엄마가 방을 청소하라고 했어요. (Mom told me to clean my room.)
* 친구가 저에게 책을 달라고 했어요. (My friend asked me to give them the book.)
To report suggestions or proposals, similar to "let's," we use -자고 하다.
* 수미가 같이 밥 먹자고 했어요. (Sumi suggested we eat together.)
Finally, for a casual and natural flow, master the short reported speech form: -ㄴ/은/는대. This is a shortened version of -다고/라고/냐고/자고 하다 and is very common in informal conversations.
* 친구가 오늘 바쁘대. (My friend said they're busy today.) (Short for 바쁘다고 해.)
* 내일 영화 보러 가재. (They suggested we go watch a movie tomorrow.) (Short for 가자고 해.)

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong: 친구가 어디 가다고 물어봤어요.
✓ Correct: 친구가 어디 가냐고 물어봤어요.
*Explanation:* When reporting a question, you must use the question form -냐고/으냐고 with 묻다/하다, not the statement form -다고.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 엄마가 숙제를 같이 하라고 했어요. (Meaning: Mom suggested we do homework together.)
✓ Correct: 엄마가 숙제를 같이 하자고 했어요.
*Explanation:* -(으)라고 하다 is for commands (do it!). If you want to report a suggestion ("let's do it!"), you need to use -자고 하다.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 사장님이 회의가 늦겠대. (Meaning: The boss said the meeting would be late.)
✓ Correct: 사장님이 회의가 늦을 거라고 했어요.
*Explanation:* The short reported speech form -ㄴ/은/는대 is highly informal. It's inappropriate to use it when speaking about or to superiors like your boss (사장님). Always use the full, polite forms in formal situations.

Real Conversations

A

A

민수 씨가 내일 뭐 한대요? (What did Minsu say he's doing tomorrow?)
B

B

민수 씨가 내일 친구랑 영화 보러 갈 거라고 했어요. (Minsu said he's going to watch a movie with a friend tomorrow.)
A

A

어제 선생님이 뭐라고 물어보셨어요? (What did the teacher ask yesterday?)
B

B

선생님이 다음 주까지 숙제를 내라고 하셨어요. (The teacher told us to turn in the homework by next week.)
A

A

수미가 왜 이렇게 피곤해 보여? (Why does Sumi look so tired?)
B

B

어제 밤새 게임했대. (She said she played games all night last night.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I use Korean indirect speech for adjectives?

For adjectives, you generally use -다고 하다. For example, '예쁘다' (to be pretty) becomes '예쁘다고 하다' (said it was pretty). You attach -다고 하다 directly to the adjective stem.

Q

What's the difference between -라고 하다 and -달라고 하다 in Korean reported commands?

-라고 하다 is a general command, telling someone to do something. -달라고 하다 is a specific type of command used when the speaker is asking someone to *give something to them* or *do something for them*. For example, '돈을 내라고 했어요' (He told them to pay money) vs. '돈을 달라고 했어요' (He asked them to give *him* money).

Q

Can I use -ㄴ/은/는대 in formal situations?

No, -ㄴ/은/는대 is an informal, casual form of reported speech and should be avoided in formal settings or when speaking to superiors. Stick to the full, polite forms like -다고 하다 and -라고 하다 when formality is required.

Q

Are there different forms of indirect speech for different tenses in Korean?

Yes! The tense of the original statement is often reflected *before* the indirect speech ending. For example, '먹었다' (ate) becomes '먹었다고 하다' (said they ate), and '먹을 것이다' (will eat) becomes '먹을 거라고 하다' (said they would eat).

Cultural Context

In Korean culture, using indirect speech is incredibly common, especially to soften direct statements, avoid confrontation, or show politeness. Instead of directly stating an opinion, Koreans often say "They say it's good
(좋다고 해요) or
I heard it's good" (좋대요). The short forms like -ㄴ/은/는대 are prevalent in casual conversations among friends and family, making communication faster and more fluid.
Mastering these forms will make your Korean sound much more natural and integrated into everyday social interactions.

关键例句 (8)

1

Jessica said she came to Korea yesterday.

杰西卡说她昨天来韩国了。

说[动词]过 - 过去间接引语
2

I heard that movie was really interesting.

我听说那部电影很有趣。

说[动词]过 - 过去间接引语
3

민수가 내일 학교에 올 거라고 했어요.

民秀说他明天会来学校。

未来报告：听说他们会…… (ㄹ/을 거라고)
4

기상청에서 오늘 밤에 눈이 올 거라고 해요.

气象台说今天晚上会下雪。

未来报告：听说他们会…… (ㄹ/을 거라고)
5

My friend asked if the movie was interesting.

My friend asked if the movie was interesting.

转述问题：“……问是否……” (냐고/으냐고 묻다)
6

The teacher asked if I had done all my homework.

The teacher asked if I had done all my homework.

转述问题：“……问是否……” (냐고/으냐고 묻다)
7

My friend suggested we have a drink tonight.

朋友提议今晚去喝一杯。

间接引语：共动句“……吧” (-자고 하다)
8

My boyfriend said let's break up.

男朋友说分手吧。

间接引语：共动句“……吧” (-자고 하다)

技巧与窍门 (4)

🎯

地道缩写 'Dae'

现实生活中，大家很少说完整的 ~았/었다고 해，而是缩写成 ~았/었대。比如“他说他去了”就是 «갔대»。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 说[动词]过 - 过去间接引语
💡

完美的“免责声明”

用这个语法能明确表示你只是个传话的。如果计划变了，那也不是你的错！比如：«친구가 올 거라고 했어요.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 未来报告：听说他们会…… (ㄹ/을 거라고)
💡

Verb vs Adjective

Remember: Verbs get '느냐고', Adjectives just get '냐고'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 转述问题：“……问是否……” (냐고/으냐고 묻다)
🎯

谁是接收者？

如果原话是“给我！”，转述用 «달라고»；如果是“给他！”，用 «주라고»。考试常考哦！
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 转述命令：“叫某人做……” ((으)라고 하다)

核心词汇 (5)

전하다 (jeonhada) to convey/relay 소문 (somun) rumor 말씀하다 (malsseumhada) to speak (honorific) 물어보다 (mureoboda) to ask 제안하다 (jeanhada) to suggest

Real-World Preview

coffee

Office Gossip

Review Summary

  • Verb + -다고 하다
  • Verb + -ㄹ/을 거라고 하다
  • Verb + -냐고 묻다
  • Verb + -(으)라고 하다
  • Verb + -자고 하다
  • Verb + -ㄴ/은/는대

常见错误

You cannot use -다고 for questions. Use -냐고 for inquiries.

Wrong: 그가 집에 간다고 묻었어요.
正确: 그가 집에 가냐고 물었어요.

Reported commands drop the polite honorific suffix inside the quote.

Wrong: 선생님은 공부를 하세요라고 했어요.
正确: 선생님은 공부를 하라고 하셨어요.

In casual settings, -대 is much more natural than the full -다고 해요.

Wrong: 내일 비가 온다고 해요 (shortened to 내일 비가 온대요 is correct, but using long form in casual speech sounds stiff).
正确: 내일 비가 온대요.

Next Steps

You've successfully mastered the art of reporting! Use these new tools to keep your conversations lively and accurate. See you in the next chapter!

Listen to a K-drama and identify one reported statement.

Continue to: Respecting the Subject: Honorific Verb Forms

快速练习 (10)

使用将来转述形式填空。

지수가 내일 파티에 (오다) ___ 했어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 올 거라고
因为动作（来派对）发生在“明天”（내일），所以必须使用将来转述形式 올 거라고。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 未来报告：听说他们会…… (ㄹ/을 거라고)

哪句话的意思是“听说电影很有趣”？

选择语法正确的句子：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 영화가 재미있대.
재미있다（有趣）是形容词，所以直接加 -대，不需要 -는대。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 简短间接引语：听说…… (-ㄴ/은/는대)

找出并修正将来转述中的错误。

친구가 피자를 먹거라고 했어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 친구가 피자를 먹을 거라고 했어요.
像 먹다 这样有收音的动词必须接 을 거라고。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 未来报告：听说他们会…… (ㄹ/을 거라고)

Fill in the blank.

선생님이 숙제를 ___ 물으셨어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 했느냐고
Honorific reporting.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 转述问题：“……问是否……” (냐고/으냐고 묻다)

Fill in the blank with the correct form.

그가 밥을 ___ 물었어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 먹느냐고
Verb stem + 느냐고.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 转述问题：“……问是否……” (냐고/으냐고 묻다)

请用正确的过去时转述形式填空。

친구가 어제 피자를 ___ 했어요. (먹다 - 吃)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 먹었다고
因为动作（吃）发生在昨天，所以我们要用过去时词干 먹었 加上 다고。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 说[动词]过 - 过去间接引语

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 그가 예쁘냐고 물었다
Adjective + 냐고 + 묻다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 转述问题：“……问是否……” (냐고/으냐고 묻다)

识别正确的间接引语形式。

老板说：“咱们别迟到。” 你该如何转述？

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 늦지 말자고 했어요.
建议句的否定形式使用“지 말자고”，而不是“않다”或正式的“맙시다”。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 间接引语：共动句“……吧” (-자고 하다)

哪句话正确转述了 '别哭' (울지 마)？

选择正确的句子：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:
否定命令的转述形式固定为 -지 말라고 하다。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 转述命令：“叫某人做……” ((으)라고 하다)

修改转述 '吃面包' (빵을 먹어) 时的错误。

엄마가 빵을 먹라고 했어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:
먹다 以辅音结尾，需要加 -으라고。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 转述命令：“叫某人做……” ((으)라고 하다)

Score: /10

常见问题 (6)

았/었다고 转述的是过去发生的事（比如“他说他吃过了”），而 ㄴ/는다고 转述的是现在正在发生或经常发生的事（比如“他说他在吃”）。
当然可以！在现在时里形容词直接加 다고，但在过去时里，形容词和动词一样都要先变过去式，比如 좋았다 变成 «좋았다고»。
它是 ㄹ 것이라고 的口语版本。如果你想在礼貌场合使用，只需在结尾加 요 变成 거라고요 即可。
当然可以！名词后面接 일 거라고。例如：«선물일 거라고 생각해요» (我觉得会是个礼物)。
Yes, '물어봤어요' is a very common, slightly more casual way to say 'asked'.
In written Korean, yes. In spoken Korean, it is often dropped.
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