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A2 noun #7,000 よく出る 13分で読める

噩梦

emeng 上位7,000

練習する例文メモとヒント噩梦 30秒で

解説噩梦 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 噩梦 (è mèng) means 'nightmare.' You can think of it as a 'very bad dream.' The most important thing to remember is the verb 做 (zuò), which means 'to do' or 'to have' in this context. You can use it in very simple sentences like '我做噩梦了' (I had a nightmare). You don't need to worry about the difficult character 噩 yet; just focus on recognizing the sound 'è mèng' and knowing it's the opposite of a 'good dream' (好梦). If you see it in a book, look for the character 梦 (dream), which you might already know. This word is useful for telling people why you look tired in the morning! Remember: don't say '我有噩梦', say '我做噩梦'.

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At the A2 level, you should be able to use 噩梦 (è mèng) to describe simple bad experiences. You can start using the measure word '个' (gè) or '场' (chǎng). For example, '那是一场噩梦' (That was a nightmare). You can also use it with time words, like '昨晚' (last night). You are starting to see that 噩梦 isn't just for sleeping; you can use it to talk about a very bad day at school or a difficult homework assignment. You should also recognize the character 噩, even if it looks complicated. It has four little 'mouths' (口), which can help you remember it—maybe like four people screaming in a nightmare! This level is about moving from literal dreams to simple figurative uses in daily life.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 噩梦 (è mèng) in more complex sentences. You can use it with resultative complements like 惊醒 (jīng xǐng - wake up startled). For example: '我被噩梦惊醒了' (I was startled awake by a nightmare). You can also use it to describe life events more vividly, using it as a noun modified by adjectives like '可怕的' (scary) or '真实的' (realistic). You should understand that 噩梦 is the standard word and that '坏梦' is not really used. You can also start using the structure '像...一样' (like...) to make comparisons, such as '那个考试像噩梦一样' (That exam was like a nightmare). Your vocabulary is expanding to include words for emotions, so you can describe *why* something was a nightmare.

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At the B2 level, you can use 噩梦 (è mèng) in professional and social discussions. You should be able to discuss the 'nightmare scenario' of a project or a business plan. You can use more sophisticated verbs like 摆脱 (bǎi tuō - to break free from) or 缠绕 (chán rào - to haunt). For example, '他无法摆脱童年的噩梦' (He cannot break free from the nightmares of his childhood). You should also be aware of the more literary synonym 梦魇 (mèng yǎn) and understand when to use 噩梦 instead. You can use 噩梦 in news contexts, such as describing a 'traffic nightmare' or a 'financial nightmare.' At this stage, your usage should be fluid and include both literal and metaphorical meanings with correct measure words and verb collocations.

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At the C1 level, you should understand the deeper cultural and psychological nuances of 噩梦 (è mèng). You can use it in literary analysis to discuss themes of trauma or fear. You understand how it functions in idiomatic expressions and can use it to add dramatic flair to your writing or speeches. You might use it to describe a collective national experience or a philosophical 'nightmare' of existence. You are comfortable with the character's etymology and can distinguish it from similar-sounding words in high-level texts. You can also use the word in the context of traditional Chinese dream interpretation (周公解梦) and discuss how modern views differ. Your use of the word is precise, and you can employ it to evoke specific emotional responses in your audience.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 噩梦 (è mèng) is near-native. You can use it with extreme precision in any register, from the most casual slang to the most formal academic writing. You understand the subtle differences between 噩梦, 梦魇, 惊梦, and 凶梦, and you choose between them to achieve specific stylistic effects. You can use the word to construct complex metaphors about society, history, or the human condition. You might use it in a phrase like '历史的噩梦' (the nightmare of history) to discuss systemic issues. You are also aware of how the word has evolved over time and its usage in various Chinese dialects or regional variations. Your ability to use 噩梦 is not just about communication, but about nuanced expression and rhetorical power.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

噩梦 30秒で

噩梦 (è mèng) means 'nightmare.' It is a combination of 'startling/ominous' and 'dream.'
In a literal sense, use the verb '做' (zuò) to say you had a nightmare.
Metaphorically, it describes any terrible real-life situation, like a disaster or a bad day.
The classifier '一场' (yì chǎng) is often used for a more dramatic or event-based feeling.

The Chinese word 噩梦 (è mèng) is a powerful noun that primarily translates to 'nightmare' in English. It is composed of two characters: 噩 (è), which carries the meaning of startling, frightening, or ominous, and 梦 (mèng), which simply means dream. Together, they form a term that describes a dream that causes strong feelings of fear, horror, distress, or anxiety. However, much like in English, the utility of 噩梦 extends far beyond the realm of sleep. It is frequently employed as a potent metaphor to describe any real-life situation that is exceptionally unpleasant, terrifying, or difficult to escape from. Whether you are talking about a literal bad dream that woke you up at 3:00 AM or a figurative 'nightmare' of a traffic jam that made you late for a crucial meeting, 噩梦 is the essential term to use.

Literal Definition: A frightening or unpleasant dream that causes the sleeper to feel intense fear or distress, often leading to a sudden awakening.
Metaphorical Usage: A real-life experience or situation that is so disastrous, chaotic, or stressful that it feels like a bad dream.
Emotional Resonance: The word carries a heavy emotional weight, suggesting not just a 'bad' experience, but one that is deeply unsettling or traumatic.

In a literal sense, 噩梦 is used when discussing sleep quality, psychology, or personal anecdotes. You might tell a friend, '我昨晚做了一个噩梦' (I had a nightmare last night). In this context, it is often paired with the verb 做 (zuò), meaning 'to do' or 'to have' a dream. It is important to note that Chinese speakers rarely say '坏梦' (huài mèng) for nightmare; 噩梦 is the standard, more descriptive term. The character 噩 is relatively rare in daily conversation outside of this specific word, which gives 噩梦 a slightly more formal or intense feeling than the simple word 梦.

那次事故对他来说简直是一场噩梦。

Translation: That accident was simply a nightmare for him.

Figuratively, 噩梦 is used to describe societal disasters, personal failures, or logistical catastrophes. For example, a student might describe a particularly difficult exam as an 噩梦, or a citizen might describe a period of war or famine as a 'national nightmare' (国家的噩梦). In these cases, the word emphasizes the feeling of helplessness and the desire to 'wake up' from the reality. The structure '像噩梦一样' (like a nightmare) is a common way to create a simile, comparing a current hardship to the visceral fear of a bad dream.

我希望这只是一场噩梦，醒来就没事了。

Translation: I hope this is just a nightmare, and everything will be fine once I wake up.

Collocation: 做 (zuò): The most common verb used with 噩梦. Example: 我经常做噩梦 (I often have nightmares).
Collocation: 摆脱 (bǎi tuō): To break free from or shake off a nightmare. Example: 他终于摆脱了过去的噩梦 (He finally broke free from the nightmares of the past).

Culturally, dreams have always held a significant place in Chinese history, from the ancient 'Zhou Gong's Book of Dream Interpretation' (周公解梦) to modern psychological views. While ancient interpretations might have seen a 噩梦 as an omen of bad luck, modern Chinese speakers use the term similarly to Westerners—focusing on the psychological stress or the sheer unpleasantness of the experience. Using 噩梦 correctly shows a learner's ability to express deep discomfort and strong negative emotions in a way that sounds natural and sophisticated.

对他来说，失业是一场持续不断的噩梦。

Translation: For him, unemployment is a continuous nightmare.

Understanding how to grammatically integrate 噩梦 (è mèng) into your Chinese sentences is key to sounding fluent. As a noun, it typically functions as the object of a verb or the subject of a descriptive clause. The most fundamental pattern is the 'Verb + Object' structure, primarily using the verb 做 (zuò - to do/have). However, 噩梦 is also frequently modified by adjectives or used in 'A is B' structures to describe life situations. Below, we explore the various ways this word manifests in standard Chinese syntax, ranging from simple personal reports to complex metaphorical descriptions.

The 'Have a Nightmare' Pattern: Structure: [Subject] + 做 + [Classifier] + 噩梦. Example: 我昨晚做了一个噩梦. (I had a nightmare last night.) This is the most common literal usage.
The 'Metaphorical Identity' Pattern: Structure: [Situation/Event] + 是 + 一场 + 噩梦. Example: 这次旅行简直是一场噩梦. (This trip was simply a nightmare.) Here, '一场' adds a sense of duration and intensity.

When you want to describe the *nature* of the nightmare, you can add modifiers before the word. For instance, '可怕的噩梦' (a terrifying nightmare) or '连绵不断的噩梦' (a continuous, unending nightmare). If the nightmare is about something specific, you can use the structure '关于...的噩梦' (a nightmare about...). For example: '我做了一个关于考试没通过的噩梦' (I had a nightmare about failing an exam). This structure allows for detailed personal storytelling.

他在噩梦中惊醒，全身都是冷汗。

Translation: He woke up startled from a nightmare, covered in cold sweat.

In more advanced contexts, 噩梦 can be used as a subject to describe its impact on a person. You might say '噩梦缠绕着他' (Nightmares haunt/linger around him), where 缠绕 (chán rào) implies a persistent, ghostly presence. Another common verb is 惊醒 (jīng xǐng - to wake up with a start). You can say '被噩梦惊醒' (to be startled awake by a nightmare). This passive structure using 被 (bèi) is very effective for describing the sudden, jarring transition from sleep to wakefulness.

为了不再做噩梦，他开始看心理医生。

Translation: In order to stop having nightmares, he started seeing a psychologist.

The 'Simile' Pattern: Structure: [Subject] + 像 + 噩梦 + 一样. Example: 那段日子像噩梦一样可怕. (Those days were as terrifying as a nightmare.)
The 'Resultative' Pattern: Structure: [Verb] + 成 + 噩梦. Example: 他的错误演变成了一场噩梦. (His mistake evolved into a nightmare.)

In a professional or news setting, you will see 噩梦 used to describe systemic failures. A headline might read '交通噩梦' (Traffic nightmare) or '财务噩梦' (Financial nightmare). In these cases, the word acts as a modifier for the noun that follows, though it is more common to see it as the head noun. Using '噩梦般的' (nightmare-like) as an adjective is also a standard way to modify other nouns, such as '噩梦般的经历' (a nightmare-like experience).

这个项目对整个团队来说都是一个噩梦。

Translation: This project was a nightmare for the entire team.

The word 噩梦 (è mèng) is ubiquitous in Chinese-speaking environments, appearing in everything from intimate bedroom conversations to high-stakes political commentary. Understanding the specific contexts in which it arises will help you grasp its nuances and cultural weight. Generally, you will encounter it in three main spheres: personal health and well-being discussions, entertainment and media, and everyday complaints about chaotic situations. Each context uses the word with a slightly different flavor, ranging from literal medical concern to hyperbolic venting.

Daily Life & Family: In the morning, it's very common for family members to ask each other how they slept. If someone looks tired or shaken, they might say, '我昨晚一直做噩梦' (I kept having nightmares last night). Parents might also use it when comforting a child: '别怕，那只是个噩梦' (Don't be afraid, that was just a nightmare).
Entertainment & Pop Culture: Horror movies and thrillers are the natural home for 噩梦. Film titles, reviews, and dialogue frequently use the word to build suspense. You'll hear phrases like '噩梦开始了' (The nightmare has begun) in movie trailers to signal a shift into the macabre. Song lyrics also use 噩梦 to describe heartbreak or the pain of a lost love.

In the realm of news and social media, 噩梦 is a favorite for journalists looking to add drama to a story. When a major natural disaster occurs, reporters often describe the scene as a 'living nightmare' for the survivors. On platforms like Weibo or Little Red Book (Xiaohongshu), users frequently post about their 'workplace nightmares' (职场噩梦) or 'renovation nightmares' (装修噩梦), using the word to vent about incompetent contractors or overbearing bosses. In these digital spaces, the word is often used hyperbolically to express frustration with modern life.

社交媒体上的评论有时会变成公众人物的噩梦。

Translation: Comments on social media can sometimes become a nightmare for public figures.

Psychological and medical contexts also utilize 噩梦. If you visit a doctor in China for sleep issues, they might ask if you suffer from 频繁的噩梦 (frequent nightmares). Here, the word is used clinically. Interestingly, in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) discussions, recurring nightmares are sometimes linked to the health of the heart or liver, so you might hear the word mentioned in a consultation about internal balance and 'Qi' flow.

对他而言，那段在荒岛上的日子真是一场噩梦。

Translation: To him, those days on the deserted island were truly a nightmare.

Finally, in the workplace, you might hear 噩梦 used to describe 'worst-case scenarios.' During a project planning meeting, a manager might say, '我们的噩梦场景是服务器在双十一期间崩溃' (Our nightmare scenario is the server crashing during Double Eleven). This usage is very similar to the English 'nightmare scenario,' highlighting the word's versatility in professional risk assessment.

News Headlines: Often uses '噩梦' to describe economic downturns or environmental crises (e.g., '经济噩梦' - Economic nightmare).
Literature: Used to symbolize trauma, repressed memories, or the dark side of the human psyche.

While 噩梦 (è mèng) is a relatively straightforward word, English speakers and beginning learners often stumble over its specific verb pairings, classifier usage, and character recognition. Because 'nightmare' is such a common word in English, learners often try to translate English idioms directly into Chinese, which can lead to awkward or incorrect phrasing. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Chinese sound more natural and precise. Let's break down the most frequent errors made when using this word.

Mistake 1: Using the Wrong Verb: In English, we 'have' a nightmare. In Chinese, you should not use 有 (yǒu - to have) in most cases. The correct verb is 做 (zuò - to do/make/have). Saying '我有噩梦' (wǒ yǒu è mèng) sounds like you possess a nightmare as a physical object. Always say '我做噩梦' (wǒ zuò è mèng).
Mistake 2: Confusing '噩' with '恶': The character 噩 (è) is often confused with 恶 (è - evil/bad). While they are homophones in many contexts, they are not interchangeable here. You cannot write '恶梦' and expect it to be standard, although some people do use '恶梦' informally. In standard Chinese, '噩梦' is the correct orthography for a scary dream.

Another common error involves the classifier. In English, we just say 'a nightmare.' In Chinese, you need a measure word. While '一个' (yí gè) is acceptable in casual speech, using '一场' (yì chǎng) is much more appropriate when describing the nightmare as an event or an experience. Using the wrong classifier can make your sentence feel 'flat.' For example, '这一场噩梦终于结束了' (This nightmare is finally over) sounds much more evocative than '这个噩梦结束了.'

错误：我昨天有一个噩梦。
正确：我昨天做了一个噩梦。

Tip: Always use '做' (zuò) for having dreams or nightmares.

Learners also tend to over-rely on 噩梦 for any 'bad' situation. While it is a great metaphorical word, using it for minor inconveniences can sound overly dramatic. For instance, if you just forgot your umbrella, calling it an 噩梦 might be too much; '倒霉' (dǎo méi - bad luck) or '麻烦' (má fan - trouble) might be better. Reserve 噩梦 for truly chaotic or frightening situations to maintain its impact.

错误：这真是我的坏梦。
正确：这真是我的噩梦。

Tip: '坏梦' (bad dream) is rarely used; '噩梦' is the standard term.

Mistake 3: Word Order with Adverbs: When saying you 'often' have nightmares, the adverb 经常 (jīng cháng) goes before the verb 做. Incorrect: 我做噩梦经常. Correct: 我经常做噩梦.
Mistake 4: Literal vs. Figurative confusion: Using '噩梦' to describe a person (e.g., 'He is a nightmare') is less common in Chinese than in English. It's better to say '他是个让人头疼的人' (He is a person who gives people headaches) or '和他一起工作真是一场噩梦' (Working with him is a nightmare).

In Chinese, as in any rich language, there are several ways to describe bad dreams or unpleasant experiences. While 噩梦 (è mèng) is the most versatile and common term, knowing its synonyms and related words will help you choose the right 'level' of intensity for your conversation. Some words are more literary, while others are more specific to the physical sensation of a bad dream. Comparing these will deepen your understanding of the nuances of the Chinese language.

梦魇 (mèng yǎn): Often used in literature or psychology. It specifically refers to the feeling of being pressed down or unable to move during a nightmare (sleep paralysis). It is more formal and carries a heavier, more 'haunting' connotation than 噩梦.
惊梦 (jīng mèng): Literally 'startled dream.' It refers to a dream that wakes you up suddenly. It doesn't necessarily have to be 'scary' in the way 噩梦 is, but it is always jarring. It's often used in classical poetry or drama (e.g., the famous 'Peony Pavilion').

When you want to express the opposite of a nightmare, the most common term is 美梦 (měi mèng - beautiful dream) or 好梦 (hǎo mèng - good dream). A common well-wish before someone goes to sleep is '祝你做个好梦' (I wish you a good dream). In a metaphorical sense, if 噩梦 is a disaster, then a 'dream come true' situation might be described as '圆梦' (yuán mèng - to fulfill a dream) or '梦想成真' (mèng xiǎng chéng zhēn).

噩梦 vs 梦魇：
噩梦 is the general term for any scary dream.
梦魇 is more literary and often implies a feeling of suffocation or being trapped.

In metaphorical contexts, if 噩梦 feels too strong, you might use words like 灾难 (zāi nàn - disaster), 困境 (kùn jìng - predicament), or 磨难 (mó nàn - hardship/suffering). For example, a difficult project might be a 灾难 rather than an 噩梦 if it's just failing but not necessarily 'scary.' On the other hand, if a situation is so bad it feels surreal, you might say it's '荒诞' (huāng dàn - absurd) or '如幻似真' (like a dream yet real).

噩梦 vs 恶梦：
Both are pronounced 'è mèng'. 噩梦 is the standard spelling in mainland China. 恶梦 is sometimes seen in older texts or different regions, but 噩梦 is much more common today.

幻象 (huàn xiàng): Illusion or phantom. Used when the 'nightmare' is more of a hallucination or something not real that is haunting someone's mind.
凶梦 (xiōng mèng): An ominous dream. This is a more traditional/superstitious term, suggesting the dream predicts future misfortune.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character 噩 (è) is visually unique because it contains four 'mouths' (口) surrounding a central cross (王/屮). Some interpret this as many people crying out in alarm, which perfectly matches the feeling of a nightmare.

発音ガイド

UK /ə̂ mɤ̂ŋ/

US /ʌ̂ mʌ̂ŋ/

In Chinese, both syllables receive equal stress, but both carry the fourth (falling) tone, giving the word a sharp, emphatic sound.

韻が合う語

特梦 (tè mèng) 乐梦 (lè mèng) 客梦 (kè mèng) 色梦 (sè mèng) 射梦 (shè mèng) 贺梦 (hè mèng) 热梦 (rè mèng) 彻梦 (chè mèng)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'è' as 'ay' (like in 'egg').
Pronouncing 'mèng' as 'meng' (rhyming with 'pen'). It should be a deeper sound.
Using the wrong tone (e.g., first tone 'ē' or third tone 'ě').
Failing to make the 'ng' sound clearly at the end of 'mèng'.
Not dropping the pitch enough on the fourth tones.

難易度

読解 3/5

The character 噩 is visually complex and rare outside this word, making it slightly harder to read for beginners.

ライティング 4/5

噩 is difficult to write correctly due to the number of strokes and the arrangement of the 'mouth' components.

スピーキング 2/5

The pronunciation is straightforward once the fourth tone is mastered.

リスニング 2/5

The sound 'è mèng' is quite distinct and easy to recognize in context.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

梦 (dream) 做 (to do) 害怕 (scary) 觉 (sleep/feel) 坏 (bad)

次に学ぶ

梦魇 (sleep paralysis/haunting nightmare) 惊醒 (to wake with a start) 摆脱 (to break free) 心理 (psychology) 焦虑 (anxiety)

上級

潜意识 (subconscious) 意象 (imagery) 心理创伤 (psychological trauma) 虚幻 (illusory) 周公解梦 (Dream interpretation)

知っておくべき文法

Verb '做' (zuò) with dreams.

他昨晚做了一个奇怪的梦。

Measure word '场' (chǎng) for events.

那是一场精彩的比赛 / 那是一场噩梦。

Simile with '像...一样' (xiàng... yí yàng).

生活像噩梦一样艰难。

Passive voice with '被' (bèi).

我被巨大的噪音惊醒了。

Resultative complements (e.g., 惊醒).

噩梦把他吓醒了。

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レベル別の例文

我昨晚做了一个噩梦。

I had a nightmare last night.

Uses '做' (to do/have) + '一个' (a) + '噩梦'.

别怕，只是一个噩梦。

Don't be afraid, it's just a nightmare.

Simple identification sentence using '只是' (just is).

你不喜欢噩梦吗？

Do you not like nightmares?

A simple question structure with '吗'.

他做噩梦了，他在哭。

He had a nightmare, he is crying.

Two simple clauses connected by context.

我不常做噩梦。

I don't often have nightmares.

Uses '不常' (not often) before the verb '做'.

这是一个很坏的噩梦。

This is a very bad nightmare.

Uses '很坏' (very bad) to modify the noun.

噩梦让我不开心。

Nightmares make me unhappy.

Uses the 'A 让 B...' (A makes B...) structure.

什么是噩梦？

What is a nightmare?

A basic 'What is...?' question.

昨天的考试是一场噩梦。

Yesterday's exam was a nightmare.

Metaphorical use with the classifier '一场'.

我梦到了蛇，那是个噩梦。

I dreamed of snakes, that was a nightmare.

Uses '梦到' (dreamed of) followed by an explanation.

他因为做噩梦而醒了。

He woke up because he had a nightmare.

Uses '因为...而...' (because... thus...).

我不喜欢看噩梦般的电影。

I don't like watching nightmare-like movies.

Uses '噩梦般的' as an adjective meaning 'nightmarish'.

这个房间让我想到噩梦。

This room makes me think of nightmares.

Uses '想到' (think of/remind of).

他在噩梦里大喊大叫。

He was screaming in the nightmare.

Uses '在...里' (inside...).

那场噩梦终于结束了。

That nightmare is finally over.

Uses '终于' (finally) and '结束' (end).

我们要摆脱这场噩梦。

We need to get rid of this nightmare.

Uses '摆脱' (get rid of/break free from).

我被噩梦惊醒，发现自己满头大汗。

I was startled awake by a nightmare and found myself covered in sweat.

Passive '被' structure + resultative '惊醒'.

那次车祸对他来说就像一场噩梦。

That car accident was like a nightmare to him.

Simile structure: '像...一样'.

他总是做关于迷路的噩梦。

He always has nightmares about getting lost.

Prepositional phrase '关于...' modifying '噩梦'.

如果不努力，你的生活可能会变成一场噩梦。

If you don't work hard, your life might turn into a nightmare.

Conditional '如果...就...' and '变成' (become).

这个噩梦一直缠绕着他，让他无法入睡。

This nightmare has been haunting him, making it impossible for him to fall asleep.

Uses '缠绕' (to haunt/wrap around) and '无法' (unable).

我们要想办法结束这场噩梦般的日子。

We must find a way to end these nightmare-like days.

Uses '想办法' (think of a way) and '噩梦般的'.

他醒来后，花了好长时间才意识到那只是场噩梦。

After he woke up, it took him a long time to realize it was just a nightmare.

Uses '才' (only then) to emphasize the time taken.

频繁的噩梦可能是压力过大的表现。

Frequent nightmares might be a sign of excessive stress.

Abstract noun usage with '表现' (manifestation/sign).

对许多投资者而言，那次股市大跌简直是一场噩梦。

For many investors, that stock market crash was simply a nightmare.

Formal introductory phrase '对...而言' (as far as ... is concerned).

他试图通过运动来缓解那些困扰他的噩梦。

He tried to alleviate the nightmares that troubled him through exercise.

Uses '通过...来...' (through... to...) and '缓解' (alleviate).

那座废弃的医院给当地居民留下了噩梦般的记忆。

That abandoned hospital left nightmare-like memories for the local residents.

Uses '留下...记忆' (leave... memories).

如果我们不采取行动，环境污染将成为后代的噩梦。

If we don't take action, environmental pollution will become a nightmare for future generations.

Future tense with '将成为' (will become).

他终于从那场噩梦中解脱出来，重新开始了生活。

He finally freed himself from that nightmare and restarted his life.

Uses '从...中解脱出来' (to free oneself from...).

在这个噩梦般的职场环境中，每个人都感到精疲力竭。

In this nightmare-like workplace environment, everyone feels exhausted.

Uses '精疲力竭' (exhausted/at one's wits' end).

这部电影深刻地描绘了一个被噩梦折磨的灵魂。

This movie profoundly depicts a soul tortured by nightmares.

Uses '描绘' (depict) and '折磨' (torture/torment).

为了防止噩梦重演，我们必须查明事故的真相。

To prevent the nightmare from recurring, we must find out the truth of the accident.

Uses '防止...重演' (prevent... from repeating).

战争的阴影笼罩着这个国家，如同一场挥之不去的噩梦。

The shadow of war looms over the country, like a nightmare that cannot be shaken off.

Uses literary words like '笼罩' (shroud) and '挥之不去' (unshakeable).

他那噩梦般的童年经历，在其成年后的作品中留下了深刻的烙印。

His nightmare-like childhood experiences left a deep imprint on his adult works.

Uses '烙印' (imprint/brand) in a metaphorical sense.

对于那些幸存者来说，那场灾难是一场永远无法醒来的噩梦。

For those survivors, that disaster is a nightmare from which they can never wake up.

Uses a complex relative clause '永远无法醒来的'.

这种极权统治对普通民众而言，无异于一场长达数十年的噩梦。

For ordinary people, this totalitarian rule is no different from a decades-long nightmare.

Uses '无异于' (no different from) and '长达' (lasting as long as).

他在书中探讨了噩梦如何反映出人类内心深处的恐惧与不安。

In the book, he explores how nightmares reflect the deep-seated fear and unease within the human heart.

Uses '探讨' (explore/discuss) and '反映出' (reflect).

当现实比噩梦还要残酷时，人们往往会选择逃避。

When reality is even more cruel than a nightmare, people often choose to escape.

Comparative structure '比...还要...'.

这个丑闻对该品牌来说是一场公关噩梦，损失难以估量。

This scandal was a PR nightmare for the brand, with incalculable losses.

Uses '公关' (public relations) and '难以估量' (hard to estimate).

噩梦般的景象在脑海中不断浮现，使他陷入了极大的痛苦之中。

Nightmare-like scenes kept emerging in his mind, plunging him into great pain.

Uses '浮现' (emerge) and '陷入...之中' (fall into...).

弗洛伊德认为，噩梦并非偶然，而是潜意识中被压抑欲望的变相表达。

Freud believed that nightmares are not accidental but a disguised expression of repressed desires in the subconscious.

Uses academic terms like '潜意识' (subconscious) and '被压抑' (repressed).

这部文学作品通过描绘一场宏大的噩梦，隐喻了现代文明的崩塌。

This literary work metaphors the collapse of modern civilization by depicting a grand nightmare.

Uses '隐喻' (metaphorize) and '崩塌' (collapse).

在那个动荡的年代，个人的命运往往沦为时代噩梦的注脚。

In that turbulent era, individual fates often became mere footnotes to the nightmare of the times.

Uses '沦为' (be reduced to) and '注脚' (footnote).

那种深入骨髓的恐惧，将他的生活彻底撕裂，变成了一场无止境的噩梦。

That bone-deep fear completely tore his life apart, turning it into an endless nightmare.

Uses '深入骨髓' (deep into the bone marrow) and '撕裂' (tear apart).

噩梦的意象在超现实主义艺术中扮演着至关重要的角色，用以挑战理性世界的边界。

The imagery of nightmares plays a vital role in surrealist art, used to challenge the boundaries of the rational world.

Uses '意象' (imagery) and '至关重要' (crucial).

他以一种近乎自虐的方式，反复咀嚼着那段噩梦般的往事。

In an almost masochistic way, he repeatedly ruminated on that nightmare-like past.

Uses '咀嚼' (chew/ruminate) and '自虐' (masochistic).

当噩梦照进现实，唯有坚韧的意志才能引领我们走出黑暗。

When nightmares reflect into reality, only a resilient will can lead us out of the darkness.

Poetic usage '照进' (shine into).

这种系统性的失败，对任何试图维持秩序的人来说都是一场终极噩梦。

This systemic failure is an ultimate nightmare for anyone trying to maintain order.

Uses '系统性的' (systemic) and '终极' (ultimate).

よく使う組み合わせ

做噩梦

一场噩梦

噩梦惊醒

摆脱噩梦

挥之不去的噩梦

职场噩梦

交通噩梦

噩梦般的

噩梦开始

结束噩梦

よく使うフレーズ

噩梦连连

— To have one nightmare after another.

生病期间，他总是噩梦连连。

噩梦初醒

— Just woken up from a nightmare; often used metaphorically for realizing a bad situation.

他如噩梦初醒，意识到自己被骗了。

像噩梦一样

— Just like a nightmare.

那次事故像噩梦一样可怕。

噩梦重演

— A nightmare repeats itself; a bad situation happening again.

我们不希望去年的灾难噩梦重演。

噩梦难圆

— A nightmare that is hard to explain or resolve; rare usage.

这是一个噩梦难圆的故事。

摆脱不了的噩梦

— A nightmare one cannot escape from.

贫穷对他来说是摆脱不了的噩梦。

噩梦缠身

— To be haunted by nightmares.

他最近压力很大，噩梦缠身。

终结噩梦

— To bring a nightmare to an end.

新政策终结了当地居民的交通噩梦。

噩梦场景

— A nightmare scenario.

这是我们最担心的噩梦场景。

噩梦边缘

— On the edge of a nightmare.

这个国家正处于经济噩梦的边缘。

よく混同される語

噩梦 vs 梦魇 (mèng yǎn)

梦魇 is more literary and specifically refers to the physical sensation of being unable to move (sleep paralysis).

噩梦 vs 坏梦 (huài mèng)

坏梦 is a literal translation of 'bad dream' but is rarely used by native speakers; 噩梦 is much more standard.

噩梦 vs 恶梦 (è mèng)

This is a variant spelling. While understandable, 噩梦 is the preferred standard in mainland China.

慣用句と表現

"如梦初醒"

— As if just waking from a dream; to suddenly realize something.

听了他的话，我才如梦初醒。

Common

"南柯一梦"

— A dream of Nanke; a fond hope or illusion that comes to nothing.

他的财富梦想最终只是南柯一梦。

Literary

"黄粱一梦"

— The Golden Millet Dream; a brief illusion of wealth or power.

功名利禄不过是黄粱一梦。

Literary

"梦寐以求"

— To yearn for something even in one's sleep.

这是他梦寐以求的机会。

Common

"痴人说梦"

— An idiot telling his dream; talking nonsense or idiotic nonsense.

你想一天学会中文？真是痴人说梦。

Informal/Criticism

"同床异梦"

— Sharing the same bed but having different dreams; to work together but have different goals.

这两家公司虽然合作，但其实同床异梦。

Common

"醉生梦死"

— To live as if drunk or dreaming; to live a dissipated, meaningless life.

他整天醉生梦死，不务正业。

Derogatory

"庄周梦蝶"

— Zhuangzi dreaming of a butterfly; the blurred line between reality and dreams.

人生如幻，恰似庄周梦蝶。

Philosophical

"白日做梦"

— To daydream; to have unrealistic ideas.

你想不劳而获？别白日做梦了。

Informal

"魂牵梦萦"

— To be haunted by a memory or a person even in dreams.

家乡的景色让他魂牵梦萦。

Literary

間違えやすい

噩梦 vs 梦话

Both involve things that happen while dreaming.

梦话 is sleep-talking, while 噩梦 is the scary dream itself.

他在噩梦中说了几句梦话。

噩梦 vs 美梦

Both are types of dreams.

美梦 is a beautiful dream (positive), while 噩梦 is a nightmare (negative).

我希望做个美梦，而不是噩梦。

噩梦 vs 噩耗

Both start with '噩' (è).

噩梦 is a bad dream; 噩耗 is bad news, usually about someone's death.

他接到了朋友去世的噩耗。

噩梦 vs 惊醒

Often associated with nightmares.

惊醒 is the verb (to wake up startled), while 噩梦 is the noun (the dream).

噩梦让他突然惊醒。

噩梦 vs 梦游

Both are sleep-related phenomena.

梦游 is sleepwalking, while 噩梦 is a mental experience of fear.

他小时候不仅做噩梦，还会梦游。

文型パターン

我做噩梦了。

[Event] 是一场噩梦。

那次考试是一场噩梦。

被 [Noun] 惊醒。

我被噩梦惊醒了。

像噩梦一样 [Adjective]。

那里的生活像噩梦一样可怕。

摆脱 [Noun] 的噩梦。

他想摆脱贫穷的噩梦。

噩梦般的 [Noun]。

噩梦般的经历让他成长。

[Subject] 沦为 [Noun] 的噩梦。

这个计划沦为了所有人的噩梦。

[Abstract Noun] 的噩梦照进现实。

战争的噩梦照进了现实。

語族

名詞

梦 (mèng) - dream

美梦 (měi mèng) - beautiful dream

好梦 (hǎo mèng) - good dream

噩耗 (è hào) - bad news (usually about a death)

動詞

梦见 (mèng jiàn) - to dream of

做梦 (zuò mèng) - to dream

梦到 (mèng dào) - to dream about

形容詞

梦幻 (mèng huàn) - dreamy/fantastical

噩梦般的 (è mèng bān de) - nightmarish

使い方

frequency

Common in both spoken and written Chinese.

よくある間違い

我有噩梦。 → 我做噩梦了。
In Chinese, you 'do' or 'make' a dream/nightmare, you don't 'have' it in the way you have an object.
这是一个坏梦。 → 这是一个噩梦。
'坏梦' is a literal translation of 'bad dream' but isn't used. 噩梦 is the correct term.
噩梦惊醒了我。 → 我被噩梦惊醒了。
While the first is technically okay, the passive '被' structure is much more natural for this context.
他是一个噩梦。 → 对他来说，这是一场噩梦。
In Chinese, we usually describe the *situation* or *experience* as a nightmare, rather than the person directly.
我做个噩梦昨天。 → 我昨天做了一个噩梦。
Time words like '昨天' should come before the verb or at the beginning of the sentence.

ヒント

Use the right verb

Always pair 噩梦 with the verb 做 (zuò). Using 有 (yǒu) is a common mistake for English speakers.

Classifier Choice

Use 场 (chǎng) for more dramatic effect when describing an experience as a nightmare.

Character Balance

Practice writing 噩 carefully. The four 'mouths' should be small and neatly placed around the center.

Tone Mastery

Both characters are fourth tone. Make sure to drop your pitch sharply on both syllables.

Reverse Meaning

In some Chinese traditions, a scary dream can actually mean something good is coming. Don't be too worried!

Hyperbole

Feel free to use 噩梦 to complain about traffic or difficult work—it's very natural.

Recognize the Shape

Even if you can't write 噩, recognize its unique 'box-heavy' shape to identify the word quickly.

Nasal Ending

Make sure you hear the 'ng' at the end of 'mèng' to distinguish it from other 'men' sounds.

Avoid 坏梦

Erase '坏梦' from your vocabulary. '噩梦' is the only word you need for bad dreams.

Dream Idioms

Learn idioms like 如梦初醒 to sound more like a native speaker when discussing dreams.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Look at the character 噩. It looks like a scary face with four mouths (口) screaming in different directions. The '梦' part has '夕' (evening/night) at the bottom, telling you this happens at night. So, four screams at night = nightmare.

視覚的連想

Imagine a dark room where four ghosts are screaming at a sleeping person. The four boxes in 噩 are the four ghosts' mouths.

Word Web

噩梦 (Nightmare) 做 (To have) 可怕 (Terrifying) 惊醒 (Startle awake) 一场 (Measure word) 美梦 (Opposite) 压力 (Cause) 梦魇 (Synonym)

チャレンジ

Try to use '噩梦' in three different ways today: once to describe a dream, once to describe traffic, and once to describe a difficult task.

語源

The character 噩 (è) dates back to ancient Chinese and was originally used to describe something startling or ominous. It often appeared in the context of bad news or frightening events. The character 梦 (mèng) is a pictograph that originally depicted a person lying on a bed with large eyes, representing the act of seeing things while sleeping.

元の意味： A startling or ominous dream.

Sino-Tibetan (Sinitic).

文化的な背景

Be sensitive when using 噩梦 to describe someone's real-life tragedy; it can sometimes sound like you are trivializing their pain if not used with empathy.

English speakers use 'nightmare' metaphorically very often ('This traffic is a nightmare'). Chinese usage is almost identical in this regard.

周公解梦 (Zhou Gong's Dream Interpretation) - The traditional guide to what dreams mean. 《噩梦》- Various Chinese horror stories and movies share this title. 梦魇 (The Nightmare) - A common theme in Chinese psychological literature.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Discussing Sleep

昨晚做噩梦了
被噩梦惊醒
噩梦连连
睡得不好

Complaining about Work

职场噩梦
简直是噩梦
噩梦般的项目
加班噩梦

Travel/Logistics

交通噩梦
延误是场噩梦
噩梦般的旅行
弄丢护照是噩梦

Psychology/Health

频繁做噩梦
噩梦的原因
缓解噩梦
压力导致的噩梦

Movies/Books

噩梦开始了
噩梦般的景象
恐怖的噩梦
挥之不去的噩梦

会話のきっかけ

"你最近做过噩梦吗？ (Have you had any nightmares lately?)"

"你觉得最可怕的噩梦是什么样的？ (What do you think the scariest nightmare is like?)"

"你有没有过噩梦般的旅行经历？ (Have you ever had a nightmare-like travel experience?)"

"你相信噩梦是对未来的预言吗？ (Do you believe nightmares are predictions of the future?)"

"如果一直做噩梦，你会怎么办？ (What would you do if you kept having nightmares?)"

日記のテーマ

描写你记忆中最深刻的一场噩梦。 (Describe the most vivid nightmare in your memory.)

谈谈你认为什么样的现实情况可以被称为“噩梦”。 (Discuss what kind of real-life situations you think can be called a 'nightmare.')

如何才能摆脱生活中的“噩梦”？ (How can one break free from the 'nightmares' in life?)

你认为噩梦和现实压力之间有什么关系？ (What relationship do you think exists between nightmares and real-life stress?)

写一个关于“噩梦成真”的小故事。 (Write a short story about a 'nightmare coming true.')

よくある質問

10 問

No, that sounds like you possess a physical nightmare. You should say '我做噩梦了' (I had a nightmare). The verb 做 (zuò) is the standard pairing for dreams in Chinese.

No, it is very commonly used metaphorically. For example, '这场交通是场噩梦' (This traffic is a nightmare). It describes any very bad or chaotic situation.

噩梦 is the general word for nightmare. 梦魇 is more formal/literary and often implies a feeling of being crushed or unable to move during sleep (sleep paralysis).

You can use '个' (gè) for a general dream, but '场' (chǎng) is better for describing the nightmare as a dramatic event or experience.

The character 噩 is not very common on its own, but it is essential for the word 噩梦. You might also see it in 噩耗 (bad news).

Native speakers almost never say '坏梦'. They always use '噩梦' to describe a bad or scary dream.

You can say '重复的噩梦' (chóng fù de è mèng) or '经常做的噩梦' (jīng cháng zuò de è mèng).

Yes, by definition it involves fear or intense distress. If a dream is just 'weird' but not scary, you'd call it a '奇怪的梦' (qí guài de mèng).

It's less common than in English. Instead of saying 'He is a nightmare,' you'd say '和他相处真是一场噩梦' (Being with him is truly a nightmare).

The opposite is 美梦 (měi mèng - beautiful dream) or 好梦 (hǎo mèng - good dream).

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