Chapter in 30 Seconds
Unlock the power to lead, guide, and instruct others using the Arabic imperative mood.
- Form basic commands from three-letter verb roots.
- Adapt your instructions based on who you are talking to.
- Master the subtle suffix changes for groups and pairs.
배울 내용
Hey there! Ready to learn how to tell people what to do in Arabic? In this exciting chapter, we're diving into the world of Arabic imperative verbs, so you can confidently give commands and instructions. We'll start with simple examples like 'write' (اُکتُب) and 'drink' (اِشرَب), and you'll quickly see how easy it is to transform regular verbs into powerful commands. Then, you'll discover how to precisely direct your commands: whether you're addressing a single man (اِفعَل), a woman (اِفعَلی), two people (اِفعَلا), or even a group of women (اُکتُبنَ) or men (اِفعَلوا). All these variations come with small, logical changes to the verb, much like pieces of a puzzle fitting perfectly together. Imagine you're in a bustling market in Marrakech, wanting to say 'Look here!' (اُنظُر هُنا), or in a friendly gathering, wanting to say 'Listen up, everyone!' (اِسمَعوا). These practical skills will empower you to communicate clearly and swiftly in everyday situations. Don't worry, this part is easier than you think and will give you a huge confidence boost. Let's conquer Arabic together!
-
명령법: 사람들에게 지시하기! (uktub, ishrab)명령형을 만들려면 현재형에서 «t-»를 떼고, 발음이 어렵다면 «시작 모음» (u 또는 i)을 붙여주면 돼요. («t- 떼기», «시작 모음»)
-
명령하기 (남성형): '이거 해!' (if'al)남자에게 명령할 때는 현재형 동사에서 «تَـ»를 떼어내고, 시작 모음을 붙여주세요.
-
아랍어 명령형: 여성에게 명령하기한 명의 여성에게 직접 명령할 때는 항상 남성 명령 동사에
ـي(-i) 어미를 붙이는 거예요.여성 명령형의 핵심이죠! -
아랍어 복수 명령형: '여러분'에게 말하기 (-ū)마법 같은 아랍어 복수 명령 만들기! 동사 앞부분 '접두사'와 끝의 «ن»을 빼고, 마지막에 소리 없는 «الف»를 추가하면 끝!
-
여성에 대한 명령: 복수형 (Uktubna)여자 여러 명에게 명령할 때 쓰는 표현이에요. 동사 앞에 'Alif'를 붙이고 끝에 «ـْنَ»를 잊지 마세요.
-
두 사람을 위한 명령형 (쌍수)두 명에게 명령하려면 동사의 현재형을 «변신»시켜야 해요. 동사 현재형에서
n을 없애고, 마지막에aa를 붙이면 돼요. 기억하세요: «n 제거», «aa 추가»!
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
-
1
By the end you will be able to form the basic masculine singular command for any regular verb.
-
2
By the end you will be able to distinguish between masculine and feminine commands in spoken Arabic.
-
3
By the end you will be able to address a group of people with the correct plural imperative suffix.
챕터 가이드
Overview
How This Grammar Works
go, eat), Arabic verbs change their form based on who you're addressing: a single man, a single woman, two people, or a group. This chapter covers the Imperative Mood in Arabic, showing you how these crucial transformations work.Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: اِشرَبُ (ishrabu)
- 1✗ Wrong: اُکتُبين (uktubīn)
- 1✗ Wrong: اِجلِسوا (ijlisū) for two people
Real Conversations
A
B
(A: Ahmed, sit here.
B
A
B
(A: Maryam, drink the hot tea.
B
A
B
(A: Children, go to the door.
B
Quick FAQ
How do I form the imperative verb in Arabic from a root?
You generally take the present tense form addressing you (masculine singular), drop the initial ta- prefix, and adjust the end vowel/add a prefix vowel (hamzat al-wasl) and suffix (for gender/number).
Are there irregular imperative verbs in Arabic?
Yes, like in many languages, some verbs, especially those with weak letters (wāw, alif, yā'), have slight irregularities in their imperative forms, but the core patterns for gender/number usually remain.
What's the difference between commanding a man and a woman in Arabic?
To command a man (singular), the verb ends with a sukoon (or a deleted weak letter). To command a woman (singular), you add a ي (yā') to the end, resulting in an 'ī' sound.
Can I use imperative verbs for polite requests in Arabic?
While they are direct commands, the tone of voice, context, and adding words like مِن فَضلِك (min faḍlik - please) can soften them into polite requests.
Cultural Context
주요 예문 (8)
팁과 요령 (4)
부탁할 땐 '제발'을 붙여주세요
'너'를 떼어낸다고 생각하세요
تَـ를 현재형 동사에서 떼어내는 거라고 생각하면 쉬워요. «تَكْتُبُ» (너는 쓴다)에서 تَـ를 빼고 اُكْتُبْ (써!)'이' 소리에 귀 기울여 보세요
'너희들' 규칙
핵심 어휘 (6)
Real-World Preview
At the Language School
Review Summary
- Alif + Root + Sukun
- Alif + Root + ī
- Alif + Root + ū
자주 하는 실수
Learners often forget to remove the present tense prefix 'ta-' and add the initial Alif.
Using the feminine suffix '-ī' when addressing a male subject.
Shortening the feminine plural suffix incorrectly or forgetting the Sukun on the final root letter.
이 챕터의 규칙 (6)
Next Steps
You've just gained a massive amount of communicative power! Being able to direct actions is a huge milestone in your Arabic journey. Keep practicing these forms with friends—they'll be impressed by your accuracy!
Mirror Talk: Give yourself 5 different commands in the mirror.
Recipe Writing: Write 3 steps for making tea using imperative verbs.
빠른 연습 (10)
Which is correct?
ijlisaa를 써야 해요.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 두 사람을 위한 명령형 (쌍수)
يا أحمد، ___ الدرس.
اُكْتُبْ은 '쓰다' 동사의 남성 단수 명령형이에요. 남자 사람인 아흐마드에게 쓰라고 말할 때 사용해요.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 명령하기 (남성형): '이거 해!' (if'al)
Choose the correct sentence:
اِشْرَبِي는 한 명의 여성에게 명령할 때 쓰는 올바른 명령형이에요. اِشْرَبْ은 남성에게, اِشْرَبْنَ은 여성 복수에게 쓰는 거예요.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 아랍어 명령형: 여성에게 명령하기
Find and fix the mistake:
يَا مَرْيَم، اِفْتَحْ النَّافِذَةَ.
اِفْتَحْ (iftaḥ)가 아닌 여성 명령형 اِفْتَحِي (iftaḥī)가 되어야 해요.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 아랍어 명령형: 여성에게 명령하기
Find and fix the mistake:
يَا فَتَيَات، اُدْخُلُوا الغُرْفَة.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 여성에 대한 명령: 복수형 (Uktubna)
Choose the correct command:
اِفْتَحْ은 남성 단수 주어에 대한 명령형이에요. اِفْتَحِي는 여성을 위한 것이고, تَفْتَحُ는 현재형 평서문이지 명령이 아니에요.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 명령하기 (남성형): '이거 해!' (if'al)
يَا سَارَة، ... الدَّرْسَ.
اُكْتُبِي (uktubī)를 사용해야 해요.frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 아랍어 명령형: 여성에게 명령하기
어떤 명령이 맞을까요?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 여성에 대한 명령: 복수형 (Uktubna)
___ (Listen) to the teacher!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 명령법: 사람들에게 지시하기! (uktub, ishrab)
Ya Ahmed, ___ (to write) your name here.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 명령법: 사람들에게 지시하기! (uktub, ishrab)
Score: /10
자주 묻는 질문 (6)
اِقْرَأْ (iqraʾ)를 사용해요.ـي (-i) 접미사를 붙여서 만들어요. «اكتُبِي!»