De peur que... (-(으)ㄹ까 봐)
inquiétude ou une peur d'un imprévu.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use -(으)ㄹ까 봐 to express worry or concern about a potential future event or state.
- Attach -을까 봐 to verb stems ending in a consonant (e.g., 먹을까 봐).
- Attach -ㄹ까 봐 to verb stems ending in a vowel (e.g., 갈까 봐).
- It implies you are taking an action because you fear the outcome mentioned.
Overview
et si....-(으)ㄹ까 봐 est votre outil privilégié pour exprimer une inquiétude ou une préoccupation concernant une situation potentielle. Elle se traduit approximativement par de peur que... ou par crainte que... en français.How This Grammar Works
늦을까 봐 택시를 탔어요 (J'ai pris un taxi parce que j'avais peur d'être en retard).
Formation Pattern
-ㄹ까 봐.
-을까 봐.
ㄹ : Ajoutez simplement 까 봐.
-았/었을까 봐.
요 pour obtenir -(으)ㄹ까 봐요.
When To Use It
Common Mistakes
-(으)면 좋겠다.Contrast With Similar Patterns
-(으)니까, qui signifie aussi parce que. Cependant, -(으)니까 est pour des raisons générales. Mais 비가 올까 봐 우산을 가져갔어요 signifie "Parce que je *m'inquiète* qu'il *puisse* pleuvoir (possibilité), j'ai pris un parapluie".Quick FAQ
일까 봐. Q : Le 서 dans -(으)ㄹ까 봐서 est-il nécessaire ? R : Non ! C'est facultatif.Formation of -(으)ㄹ까 봐
| Verb Stem Ending | Rule | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Vowel
|
+ -ㄹ까 봐
|
가다 → 갈까 봐
|
|
Consonant
|
+ -을까 봐
|
먹다 → 먹을까 봐
|
|
ㄹ-final
|
+ -까 봐
|
살다 → 살까 봐
|
|
Irregular (ㄷ)
|
ㄷ→ㄹ + -을까 봐
|
듣다 → 들을까 봐
|
|
Irregular (ㅂ)
|
ㅂ→우 + -ㄹ까 봐
|
춥다 → 추울까 봐
|
Common Variations
| Full Form | Slightly More Formal |
|---|---|
|
-(으)ㄹ까 봐
|
-(으)ㄹ까 봐서
|
Meanings
This pattern expresses that the speaker is performing an action or feeling a certain way because they are worried about a potential future outcome.
Anticipatory Worry
Expressing concern about a future event to justify a current action.
“늦을까 봐 택시를 탔어요.”
“시험에 떨어질까 봐 걱정돼요.”
Reference Table
| Fin de racine | Règle | Exemple | Forme finale |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Voyelle
|
-ㄹ까 봐
|
가다 (aller)
|
갈까 봐
|
|
Consonne
|
-을까 봐
|
먹다 (manger)
|
먹을까 봐
|
|
Consonne ㄹ
|
까 봐
|
알다 (savoir)
|
알까 봐
|
|
Passé
|
-았/었을까 봐
|
잊다 (oublier)
|
잊었을까 봐
|
|
Irrégulier ㅂ
|
우 + ㄹ까 봐
|
춥다 (froid)
|
추울까 봐
|
|
Irrégulier ㄷ
|
ㄹ + 을까 봐
|
듣다 (écouter)
|
들을까 봐
|
Spectre de formalité
늦을까 봐 걱정됩니다. (Being late for an appointment.)
늦을까 봐 걱정돼요. (Being late for an appointment.)
늦을까 봐 걱정돼. (Being late for an appointment.)
늦을까 봐 쫄려. (Being late for an appointment.)
La carte de l'anxiété
Météo
- 비가 오다 Il pleut
Social
- 실수하다 Faire une erreur
Techno
- 배터리 없다 Plus de batterie
Peur vs Fait
Choix de conjugaison
La racine finit par une voyelle ?
La racine finit par une consonne ?
Verbes de peur courants
Temps & Mémoire
- • 늦다 (Retard)
- • 잊다 (Oublier)
- • 놓치다 (Rater)
Peur & Social
- • 틀리다 (Se tromper)
- • 화나다 (S'énerver)
- • 실패하다 (Échouer)
Exemples par niveau
비가 올까 봐요.
I'm worried it might rain.
늦을까 봐요.
I'm worried I'll be late.
아플까 봐요.
I'm worried I'll get sick.
실수할까 봐요.
I'm worried I'll make a mistake.
비가 올까 봐 우산을 챙겼어요.
I brought an umbrella because I was worried it might rain.
시험에 떨어질까 봐 걱정돼요.
I'm worried I might fail the test.
길을 잃을까 봐 지도를 봤어요.
I looked at the map because I was worried I'd get lost.
사람들이 볼까 봐 숨었어요.
I hid because I was worried people might see me.
아기가 깰까 봐 조용히 걸었어요.
I walked quietly because I was worried the baby might wake up.
상사가 화낼까 봐 보고서를 다시 썼어요.
I rewrote the report because I was worried my boss would get angry.
음식이 상할까 봐 냉장고에 넣었어요.
I put the food in the fridge because I was worried it might spoil.
비밀이 들킬까 봐 아무에게도 말 안 했어요.
I didn't tell anyone because I was worried the secret would be discovered.
예산이 부족할까 봐 미리 계획을 세웠습니다.
I made a plan in advance because I was worried the budget might be insufficient.
데이터가 손실될까 봐 백업을 해두었어요.
I backed it up because I was worried the data might be lost.
오해가 생길까 봐 직접 만나서 이야기했어요.
I met in person to talk because I was worried a misunderstanding might arise.
교통이 막힐까 봐 일찍 출발했어요.
I left early because I was worried about traffic congestion.
그가 진실을 알게 될까 봐 내내 불안해했다.
He was anxious the whole time, worried that he might find out the truth.
시장이 폭락할까 봐 투자자들이 주식을 매도했다.
Investors sold their stocks, worried that the market might crash.
건물이 붕괴될까 봐 주민들이 대피했다.
Residents evacuated, worried that the building might collapse.
정체성이 흔들릴까 봐 그는 고향을 떠나지 않았다.
He didn't leave his hometown, worried that his identity might be shaken.
역사가 반복될까 봐 우리는 끊임없이 과거를 성찰해야 한다.
We must constantly reflect on the past, worried that history might repeat itself.
기술적 결함이 드러날까 봐 사측은 발표를 미루었다.
The company delayed the announcement, worried that technical flaws might be revealed.
여론이 악화될까 봐 정치권은 신중한 태도를 보였다.
The political sphere showed a cautious attitude, worried that public opinion might worsen.
관습이 퇴색될까 봐 노인들은 전통을 고수하려 애썼다.
The elderly tried to stick to traditions, worried that customs might fade away.
Facile à confondre
Both use the same stem, but one is for fear, one for intention.
Both explain reasons.
Both express uncertainty.
Erreurs courantes
비가 올까 봐요.
비가 올까 봐 걱정돼요.
비가 왔다까 봐.
비가 올까 봐.
비가 올까봐.
비가 올까 봐.
비가 올까 봐서요.
비가 올까 봐.
늦을까 봐서 택시를 탔다.
늦을까 봐 택시를 탔다.
시험 떨어질까 봐.
시험에 떨어질까 봐.
아플까 봐 병원에 갔다.
아플까 봐 병원에 갔다.
비가 올까 봐 우산을 썼다.
비가 올까 봐 우산을 챙겼다.
그가 올까 봐 걱정했다.
그가 올까 봐 걱정했다.
비가 올까 봐서 걱정했다.
비가 올까 봐 걱정했다.
Structures de phrases
___(이/가) ___(으)ㄹ까 봐 ___(을/를) 했어요.
___(이/가) ___(으)ㄹ까 봐 걱정돼요.
___(이/가) ___(으)ㄹ까 봐 아무것도 못 했어요.
___(이/가) ___(으)ㄹ까 봐 미리 ___(을/를) 준비했어요.
Real World Usage
자고 있을까 봐 전화 안 했어.
실수할까 봐 철저히 준비했습니다.
길을 잃을까 봐 지도를 샀어요.
음식이 식을까 봐 빨리 가져왔어요.
사람들이 볼까 봐 비공개로 올렸어요.
데이터가 부족할까 봐 추가 조사를 했습니다.
Seulement pour les soucis !
sonne bizarre, sauf si gagner est un problème :이길까 봐 걱정이에요."
Le raccourci SMS
Le sens du Nunchi
Smart Tips
Use this pattern to justify your actions.
You can use it for others too.
Use the formal ending.
Drop the '서'.
Prononciation
Linking
The 'ㄹ' in '올까' is pronounced clearly.
Concerned
비가 올까 봐↗
Rising intonation at the end shows genuine worry.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Think of 'ㄹ까' as 'Will it?' and '봐' as 'Look/See'. 'Will it happen? I look (and worry)!'
Association visuelle
Imagine yourself holding an umbrella tightly while looking at dark clouds, repeating '올까 봐' (Will it come? I'm worried!).
Rhyme
Rain might fall, '올까 봐', I'm worried, I'll bring it, '가져가'.
Story
Min-su is walking to school. He looks at the sky. '비가 올까 봐' (Worried it will rain). He opens his bag. '우산을 챙겼어요' (I packed an umbrella). He is now safe from the rain.
Word Web
Défi
Write 3 sentences about things you are worried about today using this pattern.
Notes culturelles
Koreans use this to show they are considerate of others' feelings, e.g., 'I didn't call because I was worried you were busy.'
The construction combines the prospective suffix -(으)ㄹ까 (questioning/wondering) with the verb 보다 (to see/look).
Amorces de conversation
내일 날씨가 어떨까요?
왜 그렇게 서두르세요?
시험 공부 많이 했어요?
왜 그 제안을 거절했어요?
Sujets d'écriture
Erreurs courantes
Test Yourself
시간이 없어서 ____ 봐 택시를 탔어요.
Choisis la bonne phrase pour exprimer la peur du froid.
Find and fix the mistake:
음식이 매울까 봐 물을 많이 마셨을 거예요. (Attends, j'avais peur que ce soit trop épicé !)
Score: /3
Exercices pratiques
8 exercises비가 ___ 봐 우산을 챙겼어요. (오다)
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
비가 왔을까 봐 우산을 챙겼다.
택시를 / 탔어요 / 늦을까 봐
I'm worried I'll fail the test.
Match: 가다, 먹다, 자다
A: 왜 일찍 가요? B: ___
Use: 아기가 깰까 봐, 조용히, 걸었어요.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercises열쇠를 ____ 봐 가방에 잘 넣었어요.
너무 많이 먹을까 봐 걱정해요.
올까 / 비가 / 봐 / 챙겼어요 / 우산을
너무 비쌀까 봐 걱정이에요.
선생님이 ____ 봐 일찍 왔어요.
Associe les paires :
그 사람이 약속을 ____ 봐 다시 연락했어요.
비가 올까 봐.
공부했어요 / 떨어질까 / 시험에 / 봐 / 열심히
Choisis la bonne forme de '돕다' (aider).
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
No, you should only use the prospective form (-(으)ㄹ까).
They are interchangeable, but -을까 봐 is more common.
Yes, it works with both action and descriptive verbs.
It can be used in both, depending on the verb ending (e.g., -봐요 vs -봐).
It is a grammatical rule to separate the verb and the auxiliary pattern.
Yes, e.g., 'I'm worried he might be late.'
Yes, it is specifically for fearing a negative outcome.
Use -(으)ㄹ까 하다 instead.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Tener miedo de que + subjunctive
Spanish requires a subjunctive verb form; Korean uses a prospective suffix.
Avoir peur que + subjunctive
French uses a separate verb phrase; Korean uses a suffix.
Angst haben, dass...
German is noun-based; Korean is verb-based.
〜かと思って
Minimal difference; both are highly idiomatic.
担心会...
Chinese uses a main verb; Korean uses a suffix.
أخاف أن...
Arabic is a verb-initial phrase; Korean is a suffix.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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