Chapter in 30 Seconds
Shift your focus from the performer to the action itself to sound more professional in French.
- Construct passive sentences using the verb 'être'.
- Apply gender and number agreements to past participles.
- Master the usage of 'par' and 'de' to identify the agent.
学べること
Wow, this chapter is going to make your French sound so much more sophisticated! Did you know that in French, sometimes who did an action isn't as important as the action itself? Exactly! In this chapter, you'll learn how to shift the focus of your sentences from 'who' to 'what' or 'how'. For instance, instead of always saying 'X opened the door,' you'll be able to say 'The door was opened.' This is super useful, especially when you don't know who performed an action, or when the action itself is more significant. First, you'll learn the basic structure of the passive voice using 'être' and a past participle that magically changes to match the subject, just like a chameleon! Then, we'll see how to introduce the 'by whom' with 'par,' and when to use 'de' instead, especially for feelings or states of being. You'll even discover how to form passive sentences without mentioning the agent at all – focusing purely on the result, like 'the work was done.' Finally, we'll dive into compound tenses with 'a été' to express 'it was done' or 'it has been done.' By the end of this chapter, you'll be able to speak much more professionally and flexibly in various situations. For example, when discussing a new product, you can say 'This product was manufactured in Paris,' or when hearing news, 'The news was announced.' This skill will truly help you think and speak French like a native. Don't worry, this is easier than it seems! We'll go step-by-step together, and you'll be forming awesome sentences in no time.
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フランス語の受動態：作り方と使い方 (La voix passive)「されるもの」を主役にして、
êtreと主語に合わせた「過去分詞」をセットにするのがポイントです！ -
受動態における過去分詞の一致 (Accord du participe passé)フランス語の受動態では、過去分詞は主語に合わせて形を変える「カメレオン」のような存在です。
êtreと «過去分詞の一致» がポイント！ -
フランス語の動作主：「〜によって」(par) の使い方「〜によって」と言いたい時は
parを置くだけ！主語に合わせて動詞の形をちょっと変えるのがコツです。 -
フランス語の 'de' を使った受動態 (aimé de, connu de)「〜に愛されている」や「〜に囲まれている」のように、心の中の気持ちや今の状態を言うときは、
parではなくdeを使ってつなげます。 -
フランス語の受動態：動作主なしの表現 (Passif sans complément d'agent)「誰が」を隠して結果だけを伝える魔法の形！
êtreと過去分詞を組み合わせて、語尾を主語に合わせるのがポイントです。 -
フランス語の複合時制受動態：〜された、〜されてしまった (Voix passive)複合過去の受動態は「«a été»」か「
ont été」に、主語と性数を合わせた「過去分詞」を組み合わせるだけ！
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Transform active sentences into passive constructions to emphasize the object.
チャプターガイド
Overview
The news was announcedor
The product was manufactured.In these sentences, the focus shifts from the 'doer' to the 'done.' Mastering this concept will make your French sound much more natural and sophisticated, allowing you to articulate ideas with greater flexibility and precision.
How This Grammar Works
Someone opens the door(Quelqu'un ouvre la porte), you can say
La porte est ouverte.(The door is opened/is open.) Notice how ouverte (opened) agrees with la porte (feminine singular).
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: La voiture est lavé.
- 1✗ Wrong: Le président est connu par le public.
- 1✗ Wrong: La décision a prise.
Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
Why is the passive voice important for A1 French learners?
The passive voice allows you to focus on the action or result, which is crucial for describing events, news, or situations where the 'doer' is unknown or less important. It adds flexibility and sophistication to your French grammar A1 sentences.
How do I know when to use par versus de in French passive voice?
Generally, use par when the agent performs a physical action. Use de with verbs expressing feelings, emotions, or states of being, such as aimer (to love), connaître (to know), respecter (to respect), or accompagner (to accompany).
Can I form passive sentences without mentioning who did the action?
Absolutely! This is very common, especially when the agent is unknown, obvious, or irrelevant. For example,
Le problème est résolu.(The problem is solved.) This is the French passive: actions without the 'who'.
Does the past participle always agree with the subject in the French passive voice?
Yes, in the passive voice, the past participle always agrees in gender and number with the subject of the sentence. This is a fundamental rule of accord du participe passé.
Cultural Context
on (e.g., On a ouvert la porte instead of La porte a été ouverte) in casual conversation. However, understanding and using the passive voice is essential for comprehending French media and for expressing yourself clearly and professionally in various situations.重要な例文 (4)
Ton message a été lu il y a deux heures.
あなたのメッセージは2時間前に読まれました。
フランス語の複合時制受動態：〜された、〜されてしまった (Voix passive)ヒントとコツ (4)
一致させるのが超重要！
La porte est fermée.
カメレオンのルール
La voiture est réparée.
「Pour」と間違えないで！
Fait par moi は「私が作った」、 Fait pour moi は「私のために作られた」という意味になります。心の動詞は「de」
de を使います。一瞬の行動ではなく、ずっと続いている気持ちを表すのにぴったりです。 Elle est aimée de sa famille.
重要な語彙 (5)
Real-World Preview
At the Paris Boutique
Review Summary
- Subject + être + past participle
- Subject + a été + past participle
よくある間違い
You forgot to agree the past participle with the feminine subject 'la pomme'. Always add an 'e' for feminine subjects.
With mental states or knowledge verbs like 'connaître', we use 'de' instead of 'par'.
Actually, this is correct! Ensure you aren't using 'de' here; 'par' is correct for physical actions.
このチャプターのルール (6)
Next Steps
You have completed the chapter! Your ability to shift focus in sentences is a sign of true fluency. Keep practicing these structures in your daily writing.
Watch a French news clip and count the passive structures you hear.
クイック練習 (6)
Find and fix the mistake:
La maison est entourée par des arbres.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の 'de' を使った受動態 (aimé de, connu de)
Ce chanteur est adoré ___ ses fans.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の 'de' を使った受動態 (aimé de, connu de)
Find and fix the mistake:
{Les|pl} photos sont envoyé.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 受動態における過去分詞の一致 (Accord du participe passé)
Elles ont ___ invitées.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の複合時制受動態：〜された、〜されてしまった (Voix passive)
{La|f} leçon est ___.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 受動態における過去分詞の一致 (Accord du participe passé)
Find and fix the mistake:
Les pizzas ont été mangé par les invités.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: フランス語の複合時制受動態：〜された、〜されてしまった (Voix passive)
Score: /6
よくある質問 (6)
The pizza is eaten.
par を付けます。La porte は女性名詞なので、 fermée と女性形にします。écrite や faite のような不規則な形でも一致させます。par の後は moi のような強勢代名詞を使います。 "C'est fait par moi" が正解です。
