Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
To express strong obligation in Hindi, use the oblique case of the subject + 'ko' + infinitive verb + 'padna'.
- Use 'Mujhe jana padega' (I will have to go) for future obligation.
- The verb 'padna' conjugates based on the gender and number of the object/subject.
- In the past tense, use 'padta tha' for habitual obligation.
Overview
padna（落下/降临）的特殊结构。听起来很戏剧化，因为它确实如此：义务字面上“落”在了你身上。无论是交税、晚上10点回复老板的WhatsApp，还是参加你想逃避的表亲婚礼，这都是你的必备语法。How This Grammar Works
ko。你在语法意义上不是主动的“实干家”；相反，强迫正发生*在*你身上。所以，与其说“我必须去”（Main jaata hoon），你实际上是在说“对我来说，去降临了。”-na 结尾，如 jaana、karna、khaana）。它在这里像名词一样起作用。繁重的工作由助动词 padna 完成，它会根据时态（过去、现在、将来）进行变化。把 padna 想象成句子的“执行者”——它告诉你义务是*何时*发生的。
Formation Pattern
ko)
ko。记住你的代词变化：main + ko = mujhe，tum + ko = tumhein，vah + ko = use。
jaana（去），likhna（写）。
padna。
padta hai / padti hai
pada / padi
padega / padegi
ko] + [宾语 (可选)] + [动词-na] + [padna 形式]
When To Use It
padna 是你最好的朋友。- 不可避免的任务： “我今天必须付账单。”（
bil bharna padega） - 被迫的行动： “因为地铁坏了，我不得不走路。”（
chalna pada） - 强烈的建议（伪装成事实）： “你必须看这个节目，太疯狂了！”（
dekhna padega）
Common Mistakes
- “Main” 错误： 学习者经常说
Main jaana padta hoon。不！你必须使用Mujhe。你是义务的接受者。 - 变位错误的动词： 不要变位主要动作。它总是
jaana、karna、dena。只有padna改变形式。 - 性别混淆： 动词
padna与句子的宾语一致，而不是主语（你）。如果你必须吃“roti”（阴性），你说roti khaani padti hai。如果没有宾语，默认是阳性单数（padta hai）。
Contrast With Similar Patterns
很容易将其与 chahiye（应该/想要/需要）混淆。区别在于内部 vs. 外部。
Chahiye： 内部愿望或道德责任。“Mujhe paani chahiye”（我想要水）或 “Mujhe jaana chahiye”（我应该去 - 这对我好）。Padna： 外部力量。“Mujhe jaana padega”（我将不得不去 - 否则我会迟到/被解雇）。把 chahiye 想象成朋友的建议，把 padna 想象成警察的命令。
Quick FAQ
nahin。“Mujhe aaj kaam nahin karna hai/padega.”hona 会代替 padna 使用吗？Padna 暗示挣扎或强烈的必要性。Padna Conjugation Table
| Tense | Masculine Singular | Feminine Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
|
padta hai
|
padti hai
|
padte hain
|
|
Past
|
pada
|
padi
|
pade
|
|
Future
|
padega
|
padegi
|
padenge
|
Meanings
This structure expresses an external compulsion or a strong necessity to perform an action.
External Necessity
Doing something because circumstances require it.
“मुझे स्कूल जाना पड़ता है।”
“उसे खाना बनाना पड़ा।”
Reluctant Acceptance
Doing something despite not wanting to.
“मुझे यह फिल्म देखनी पड़ी।”
“उन्हें हार माननी पड़ी।”
Habitual Compulsion
A recurring task that one is forced to do.
“मुझे रोज पैदल चलना पड़ता है।”
“उसे रोज देर तक काम करना पड़ता था।”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Mujhe + V-na + padta hai
|
Mujhe jana padta hai
|
|
Negative
|
Mujhe + V-na + nahi padta
|
Mujhe nahi jana padta
|
|
Interrogative
|
Kya + Mujhe + V-na + padta hai?
|
Kya mujhe jana padta hai?
|
|
Past
|
Mujhe + V-na + pada
|
Mujhe jana pada
|
|
Future
|
Mujhe + V-na + padega
|
Mujhe jana padega
|
|
Feminine Obj
|
Mujhe + V-ni + padi
|
Mujhe chai peeni padi
|
正式程度
मुझे जाना पड़ेगा। (Leaving a meeting)
मुझे जाना है। (Leaving a meeting)
मुझे निकलना है। (Leaving a meeting)
चलना पड़ेगा। (Leaving a meeting)
The Obligation Web
Tense
- Present Habitual
- Past Completed
- Future Upcoming
Agreement
- Masculine padta
- Feminine padti
按水平分级的例句
मुझे काम करना है।
I have to work.
मुझे सोना है।
I have to sleep.
मुझे खाना खाना है।
I have to eat food.
मुझे जाना है।
I have to go.
क्या तुम्हें पढ़ना पड़ता है?
Do you have to study?
मुझे कल स्कूल जाना पड़ा।
I had to go to school yesterday.
उसे जल्दी उठना पड़ेगा।
He will have to wake up early.
हमें काम नहीं करना पड़ा।
We didn't have to work.
मुझे यह किताब पढ़नी पड़ी।
I had to read this book.
उन्हें बहुत मेहनत करनी पड़ती है।
They have to work very hard.
क्या तुम्हें माफी मांगनी पड़ेगी?
Will you have to apologize?
मुझे दवाई लेनी पड़ती है।
I have to take medicine.
परिस्थितियों के कारण मुझे इस्तीफा देना पड़ा।
Due to circumstances, I had to resign.
उसे अपनी गलती स्वीकार करनी पड़ी।
He had to admit his mistake.
हमें इस प्रोजेक्ट को पूरा करना पड़ेगा।
We will have to complete this project.
उन्हें हर दिन रिपोर्ट देनी पड़ती है।
They have to submit a report every day.
जीवन में कभी-कभी हमें कड़वे फैसले लेने पड़ते हैं।
Sometimes in life, we have to make bitter decisions.
उसे अपनी विरासत को छोड़ना पड़ा।
He had to leave his legacy behind.
हमें इस बदलाव के लिए तैयार रहना पड़ेगा।
We will have to stay prepared for this change.
उन्हें अपनी बात वापस लेनी पड़ी।
They had to take back their words.
नियति के आगे झुकना ही पड़ता है।
One has to bow before destiny.
उसे अपनी स्वायत्तता का त्याग करना पड़ा।
He had to sacrifice his autonomy.
हमें इस जटिल समस्या का समाधान ढूंढना पड़ेगा।
We will have to find a solution to this complex problem.
उन्हें अपनी मान्यताओं पर पुनर्विचार करना पड़ा।
They had to reconsider their beliefs.
容易混淆
Both express necessity.
Both mean 'have to'.
Both are modals.
常见错误
Main jana padta hai
Mujhe jana padta hai
Mujhe jana hai padta
Mujhe jana padta hai
Mujhe jana padta
Mujhe jana padta hai
Mujhe jana padti
Mujhe jana padta
Mujhe jana pada hai
Mujhe jana pada
Mujhe jana padega tha
Mujhe jana pada
Mujhe jana padta tha
Mujhe jana pada
Mujhe kitaab padhna pada
Mujhe kitaab padhni padi
Mujhe chai peena pada
Mujhe chai peeni padi
Mujhe kaam karni padi
Mujhe kaam karna pada
Mujhe jana padta hoga
Mujhe jana padega
Mujhe jana padta hota
Mujhe jana padta
Mujhe jana padne wala hai
Mujhe jana padega
句型
Mujhe ___ padega.
Kya tumhe ___ padta hai?
Mujhe ___ padhni padi.
___ ke karan mujhe ___ pada.
Real World Usage
Yaar, mujhe ghar jana padega.
Mujhe report submit karni padegi.
Mujhe ye order karna pada.
Mujhe ticket leni padi.
Mujhe naye skills seekhne pade.
Mujhe ye post delete karni padi.
Check the Object
Don't forget 'ko'
Habitual vs Specific
Politeness
Smart Tips
Use 'padna' to show you have no choice.
Use 'padta hai' for daily tasks.
Use 'padega' to be polite.
Use 'pada' for one-time events.
发音
Padna
The 'd' is a retroflex sound. Curl your tongue back.
Question
Kya mujhe jana padega? ↑
Rising intonation for yes/no questions.
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of 'Padna' as 'Falling' into a task. You don't choose to fall; it just happens to you.
视觉联想
Imagine a heavy backpack labeled 'Task' falling onto your shoulders. You are forced to carry it.
Rhyme
When you have no choice and must do the deed, add 'padna' to the verb with speed.
Story
Rohan didn't want to study. But his exam was tomorrow. He had to study. 'Mujhe padhna pada'.
Word Web
挑战
Write 3 things you have to do tomorrow using 'padega'.
文化笔记
Often used to show respect to elders by saying 'Mujhe unki baat manni padi' (I had to listen to them).
Used frequently in office emails to convey urgency.
Often combined with 'majboori' (compulsion) to emphasize the lack of choice.
Derived from the Sanskrit root 'pat' (to fall).
对话开场白
कल आपको क्या करना पड़ा?
क्या आपको रोज जल्दी उठना पड़ता है?
अगले हफ्ते आपको क्या करना पड़ेगा?
जीवन में सबसे मुश्किल काम क्या करना पड़ा?
日记主题
常见错误
Test Yourself
Mujhe jana ____.
Mujhe kitaab (padhna/padhni) padi.
Find and fix the mistake:
Main jana padta hai.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
I had to work.
Answer starts with: Muj...
Hame jana ____.
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
A: Kya tum kal aaoge? B: Nahi, mujhe ____.
Score: /8
练习题
8 exercisesMujhe jana ____.
Mujhe kitaab (padhna/padhni) padi.
Find and fix the mistake:
Main jana padta hai.
padega / jana / mujhe / kal
I had to work.
Hame jana ____.
Future
A: Kya tum kal aaoge? B: Nahi, mujhe ____.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesMujhe roz dawaai khaani ___ hai.
padega / wait / humein / karna
Translate: We had to run.
Which is correct?
Mujhe kitaab padhna padti hai.
Match the context to the verb form.
___ (They) ghar bechna pada.
Which sentence means 'I was forced to laugh'?
Translate: You (informal) will have to ask.
Mujhe aaj kal paidal chalna ___ hai. (I am having to walk these days).
Kal mujhe office jaana padta hai.
karna / use / sign / pada / paper
Score: /12
常见问题 (8)
Because 'padna' is an impersonal verb construction. The subject is in the oblique case.
Only for obligations. Don't use it for ability.
The verb 'padna' will change to 'pade'.
It is neutral. Used in all registers.
Use 'Mujhe ... nahi padta'.
No, 'chahiye' is advice, 'padna' is force.
Yes, 'pada' is for the past.
Yes, based on the object.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Tener que
Hindi requires oblique case and gender agreement.
Devoir
Hindi is more descriptive of the 'force' involved.
Müssen
Hindi structure is more complex due to agreement.
Nakereba naranai
Japanese uses negative double-negation, Hindi uses positive 'falling'.
Yajib
Hindi is more personal.
Dei
Hindi has conjugation.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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