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上げる

A2 verb #2,000 最常用 9分钟阅读

上げる

ageru 前2,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 上げる 30秒了解

解析 上げる in your Level:

At the A1 beginner level, '上げる' (ageru) is introduced primarily as a simple action verb meaning 'to raise' or 'to lift'. You will learn it in the context of classroom instructions, such as '手を上げてください' (Please raise your hand). It is taught as a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object marked by the particle 'を' (wo). Another crucial A1 usage is its meaning 'to give'. Beginners learn that when they give a present to a friend or family member, they use 'あげる'. For example, '友達にプレゼントをあげる' (I give a present to my friend). At this stage, the focus is on mastering the basic sentence structure: [Giver] は [Recipient] に [Object] をあげる. It is also important at this level to distinguish it from 'くれる' (to give to me), establishing the fundamental Japanese concept of directional giving.

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At the A2 level, the understanding of '上げる' expands significantly. While the physical meanings remain important, learners are introduced to its use with abstract concepts, such as raising prices (値段を上げる) or turning up the volume (音量を上げる). The most critical addition at the A2 level is the grammatical pattern '〜てあげる' (te-form + ageru). This acts as an auxiliary verb meaning 'to do a favor for someone' or 'to do something for someone's benefit'. For example, '手伝ってあげる' (I will help you). Learners at this stage must also begin to understand the social nuances of this pattern: while it is grammatically correct, using '〜てあげる' directly to a superior or someone you are not close to can sound arrogant, as it emphasizes that you are doing them a favor. A2 learners practice using it appropriately with peers and subordinates.

At the B1 intermediate level, '上げる' is used in a much wider variety of contexts, particularly in professional and academic settings. Learners encounter it in discussions about improving performance, such as '成績を上げる' (to raise one's grades) or 'モチベーションを上げる' (to raise motivation). The distinction between the transitive '上げる' (to raise) and the intransitive '上がる' (to rise) becomes a major focal point, and learners are expected to use them accurately without confusing the particles (を vs が). Additionally, B1 learners start encountering compound verbs where '上げる' acts as a suffix indicating completion, such as '書き上げる' (to finish writing) or '作り上げる' (to build up/complete). The vocabulary expands to include homophones with different kanji, such as '挙げる' (to give an example) and '揚げる' (to deep fry), requiring careful attention to context in reading and writing.

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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, the usage of '上げる' becomes highly nuanced and idiomatic. Learners are expected to comfortably use and understand expressions like '利益を上げる' (to yield a profit), '成果を上げる' (to achieve results), and '全力を上げる' (to devote all one's energy). The verb is frequently encountered in news articles, business reports, and formal presentations. At this level, the social implications of giving verbs are mastered, and learners effortlessly switch to the humble form '差し上げる' (sashiageru) when appropriate in formal business contexts (Keigo). Furthermore, B2 learners understand the subtle emotional undertones when '上げる' is used in literature or complex narratives, recognizing how it can imply a deliberate, sometimes forceful, upward shift in status, volume, or intensity.

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At the C1 advanced level, '上げる' is manipulated with native-like precision. Learners encounter highly idiomatic and less literal phrases, such as '悲鳴を上げる' (to let out a scream/to complain bitterly about a difficult situation), '名を上げる' (to make a name for oneself), or '男を上げる' (to raise one's reputation as a man). The focus shifts to stylistic choices and understanding how '上げる' interacts with complex grammatical structures and subtle cultural contexts. C1 learners can seamlessly integrate compound verbs like '鍛え上げる' (to train thoroughly) or '磨き上げる' (to polish to perfection) into their active vocabulary. They also possess a deep understanding of the historical and etymological roots of the 'giving' concept in Japanese, recognizing how physical elevation translates to social respect in the language's architecture.

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At the C2 mastery level, the comprehension of '上げる' is indistinguishable from an educated native speaker. C2 users can effortlessly navigate classical literature, highly technical business documents, and nuanced poetic expressions where '上げる' might be used in archaic or highly specific ways. They understand the microscopic differences in nuance between '上げる', '高める', '引き上げる', and '向上させる' and can choose the absolute perfect synonym for any given rhetorical situation. They can play with the verb in creative writing, utilizing its dual nature of physical lifting and social giving to create double entendres or thematic resonance. At this level, '上げる' is not just a vocabulary word, but a fundamental conceptual tool used to articulate complex thoughts about hierarchy, effort, completion, and spatial relationships in Japanese.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

上げる 30秒了解

To raise or lift physically.
To increase prices or volume.
To give a gift to someone.
To do a favor (てあげる).

The Japanese verb 上げる (ageru) is an incredibly versatile and fundamental word that every learner encounters early on. At its most basic physical level, it means 'to raise' or 'to lift' something upward. This could be raising your hand in class, lifting a heavy box onto a shelf, or hoisting a flag. However, its usage extends far beyond physical movement. It is equally common in abstract contexts, such as raising prices, increasing volume, or improving one's skills. Furthermore, it serves a crucial grammatical function as an auxiliary verb to indicate doing a favor for someone else. Understanding the multi-faceted nature of '上げる' is essential for mastering conversational and written Japanese.

Physical Lifting: The most literal translation is moving an object from a lower position to a higher one. This requires a direct object marked by the particle を (wo).

質問がある人は手を上げてください。

Beyond physical objects, '上げる' is frequently used to describe the increase of levels, degrees, or values. When a shop owner increases the price of goods, they use this verb. When you turn up the volume on your television, you are 'raising' the sound. This abstract elevation is a direct conceptual extension of the physical lifting.

Increasing Value: Used for prices (値段), volume (音量), temperature (温度), and performance/grades (成績).

来月から商品の値段を上げる予定です。

Another critical meaning of '上げる' is 'to give'. Historically, giving something to an equal or someone of slightly lower status was seen as 'raising' the item to them. Today, it is the standard verb for giving a gift or offering something to someone else. When used as an auxiliary verb attached to the te-form of another verb (〜てあげる), it means 'to do [action] for someone'.

Giving & Favors: Used as a standalone verb for giving items, or as an auxiliary verb for performing actions for others' benefit.

友達に誕生日プレゼントを上げた。

私が荷物を持ってあげるよ。

Finally, '上げる' can mean to complete an action or to yield a result, such as '利益を上げる' (to yield a profit) or '声を上げる' (to raise one's voice). The sheer breadth of its applications makes it a cornerstone of Japanese vocabulary. Mastering '上げる' involves not just memorizing its translations, but internalizing the spatial and social metaphors it represents in Japanese culture.

彼はついに大きな利益を上げた。

Using 上げる (ageru) correctly requires an understanding of Japanese sentence structure, specifically the use of particles. Because '上げる' is a transitive verb (他動詞 - tadoushi), it typically requires a direct object. This object is marked by the particle を (wo). The person performing the action is marked by が (ga) or は (wa). The destination or the person receiving the action is marked by に (ni). This structure remains consistent whether you are talking about physical lifting, increasing abstract values, or giving gifts.

Basic Transitive Structure: [Subject] は/が + [Object] を + 上げる。

先生が学生のモチベーションを上げる。

When using '上げる' to mean 'to give', the sentence structure expands to include the recipient. The giver is the subject (は/が), the item given is the direct object (を), and the recipient is marked by に (ni). It is important to note that '上げる' is used when the speaker is giving something to someone else, or when a third party is giving something to another third party. It is NEVER used when someone is giving something to the speaker (for that, you use くれる or くださる).

Giving Structure: [Giver] は/が + [Recipient] に + [Item] を + 上げる。

私は妹にお菓子を上げた。

One of the most frequent and sometimes tricky uses of '上げる' is as an auxiliary verb. When attached to the te-form of another verb, it creates the pattern '〜てあげる' (te-ageru). This translates to 'doing [verb] for someone'. It carries a strong nuance of doing a favor. Because of this nuance, using it directly toward the listener (especially a superior or someone you aren't close to) can sound arrogant, as if you are emphasizing your own kindness.

Auxiliary Verb (Favors): [Verb in te-form] + あげる。Usually written in hiragana when used this way.

子供に絵本を読んであげる。

私が手伝ってあげるから、心配しないで。

In formal writing, you might also see '上げる' used as a suffix to indicate the completion of an action, such as '書き上げる' (to finish writing) or '作り上げる' (to build up/complete). In these cases, it emphasizes that the process has been brought to a successful, elevated conclusion.

ついに論文を書き上げた。

Because 上げる (ageru) encompasses physical actions, abstract increases, and social exchanges (giving), it is ubiquitous in Japanese daily life. You will hear it in almost every conceivable environment, from casual conversations at home to formal business meetings, and from classrooms to retail stores. Understanding the context in which '上げる' is used will help you instantly grasp which of its many meanings is intended.

In the Classroom: Teachers frequently use it to instruct students to raise their hands or speak louder.

分かる人は手を上げてください。

In business and economic contexts, '上げる' is the go-to verb for discussing growth, pricing strategies, and performance metrics. News broadcasts constantly use it when reporting on inflation, corporate profits, or tax hikes. In these scenarios, it is often paired with words like 値段 (nedan - price), 利益 (rieki - profit), or 給料 (kyuuryou - salary).

Business & Economy: Used to describe raising prices, increasing profits, or boosting efficiency.

会社は社員の給料を上げることを決定した。

In personal relationships and casual settings, the 'giving' and 'favor' aspects of '上げる' dominate. Parents use it when talking about giving allowances to children, friends use it when exchanging gifts, and partners use it when offering to do chores for one another. You will frequently hear the te-form + ageru (〜てあげる) in informal speech among close friends or family members.

Daily Life & Relationships: Used for giving gifts, feeding pets, or offering casual help to close friends.

犬にエサを上げておいて。

これ、君にあげるよ。

You will also hear it in idiomatic expressions in media, such as '悲鳴を上げる' (to let out a scream) in movies, or '全力を上げる' (to devote all one's energy) in sports commentary. Its flexibility makes it a word you simply cannot avoid, and mastering its contextual nuances is a major step toward fluency.

選手たちは優勝のために全力を上げている。

Because 上げる (ageru) has so many meanings and functions, it is a frequent source of errors for Japanese learners. The most common mistakes revolve around confusing it with its intransitive counterpart, misusing the giving/receiving verbs, and violating social etiquette when using it as an auxiliary verb for favors. Let's break down these pitfalls so you can avoid them.

Transitive vs. Intransitive: Mixing up 上げる (ageru - to raise something) and 上がる (agaru - something rises).

❌ 値段が上げる。
⭕️ 値段が上がる。(Prices rise.)
⭕️ 値段を上げる。(I/They raise prices.)

A critical grammatical error occurs with the direction of giving. '上げる' is strictly outward-facing. It is used when the speaker gives to someone else, or when a third party gives to another third party. It is NEVER used when someone gives something to the speaker or the speaker's in-group. Using '上げる' for incoming actions sounds completely unnatural to a native speaker.

Direction of Giving: Using '上げる' when someone gives something to YOU.

❌ 友達が私にプレゼントを上げた。
⭕️ 友達が私にプレゼントをくれた。

Perhaps the most socially dangerous mistake is the misuse of '〜てあげる' (doing a favor). In Japanese culture, humility is paramount. Saying 'I will do this for you' using '〜てあげる' implies 'I am doing you a favor, you should be grateful.' While fine with children, pets, or very close friends, using it with superiors, colleagues, or strangers comes across as incredibly arrogant and condescending.

The Condescending Favor: Using '〜てあげる' toward superiors or in polite company.

❌ 先生、私が手伝ってあげます。
⭕️ 先生、お手伝いしましょうか。

❌ お客様に案内してあげます。
⭕️ お客様をご案内いたします。

Finally, be careful with kanji. While '上げる' is the most common, '挙げる' (to raise an example, to arrest) and '揚げる' (to deep fry, to fly a kite) are pronounced exactly the same but have entirely different meanings. Using the wrong kanji in written Japanese will confuse your reader.

❌ 天ぷらを上げる。
⭕️ 天ぷらを揚げる。

The Japanese language is rich with verbs that describe raising, elevating, or giving. While 上げる (ageru) is the most general and versatile, there are several similar words that are used in more specific contexts. Understanding the nuances between these synonyms will greatly enhance your vocabulary and allow you to express yourself more precisely.

高める (たかめる - Takameru): To elevate, to boost, to enhance. This is used almost exclusively for abstract concepts like quality, awareness, value, or skills. It sounds more formal and academic than 上げる.

製品の品質を高める。

Another set of similar words involves the same pronunciation 'ageru' but different kanji. These are homophones that share the core concept of upward movement but are restricted to highly specific actions.

挙げる (あげる - Ageru): To raise (an example), to cite, to hold (a ceremony), or to arrest. It implies bringing something to public attention.

具体的な例を挙げて説明します。

揚げる (あげる - Ageru): To deep-fry, to hoist (a flag), to fly (a kite). This kanji is strictly used for these specific physical actions.

油で鶏肉を揚げる。

When it comes to the 'giving' meaning of 上げる, there are several polite equivalents depending on the social hierarchy.

先生にお土産を差し上げる。

Finally, 昇る (noboru - to ascend/rise) and 持ち上げる (mochiageru - to lift up with hands) are related concepts. 持ち上げる specifically emphasizes the physical effort of lifting a heavy object with one's hands, whereas 上げる is a more general upward movement. Knowing these distinctions allows you to paint a much clearer picture with your Japanese.

重い箱を持ち上げる。

How Formal Is It?

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

Transitive vs. Intransitive verbs (他動詞・自動詞)

Giving and Receiving verbs (授受動詞)

Auxiliary verbs (補助動詞)

Compound verbs (複合動詞)

Keigo (敬語 - Humble form 差し上げる)

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按水平分级的例句

手を上げてください。

Please raise your hand.

を + 上げる (direct object).

私は妹に本をあげる。

I give a book to my younger sister.

に (recipient) + を + あげる.

顔を上げてください。

Please raise your face (look up).

Physical movement.

これをあなたにあげます。

I will give this to you.

Polite form (あげます).

右足を上げてください。

Please raise your right leg.

Body parts + を上げる.

荷物を上に上げる。

I lift the luggage up.

上に (direction).

友達にペンをあげた。

I gave a pen to my friend.

Past tense (あげた).

犬にご飯をあげる。

I give food to the dog.

Used for feeding pets.

テレビの音を上げてください。

Please turn up the TV volume.

Abstract increase (volume).

私が手伝ってあげる。

I will help you.

て-form + あげる (doing a favor).

来月から家賃を上げるそうです。

I hear they are raising the rent from next month.

Raising prices/fees.

子供に絵本を読んであげた。

I read a picture book to my child.

て-form + あげた (past favor).

温度を少し上げましょう。

Let's raise the temperature a little.

Volitional form (上げましょう).

彼に写真を送ってあげます。

I will send the photos to him (for him).

Polite favor.

スピードを上げないでください。

Please do not increase the speed.

Negative request (ないでください).

彼女に花を買ってあげた。

I bought flowers for her.

Buying something for someone.

会社は社員の給料を上げるべきだ。

The company should raise the employees' salaries.

べきだ (should) + 上げる.

やっとレポートを書き上げた。

I finally finished writing the report.

Compound verb (書き上げる - to finish writing).

もっと成績を上げるために勉強します。

I will study to raise my grades more.

ために (in order to).

彼は大きな声を上げて怒った。

He raised a loud voice and got angry.

声を上げる (to raise one's voice).

税金を上げることに反対する。

I oppose raising taxes.

Nominalization (上げる + こと).

このプロジェクトを成功させるために、全力を上げます。

I will devote all my energy to make this project a success.

Idiom: 全力を上げる.

モチベーションを上げる方法を教えてください。

Please tell me how to raise motivation.

Modifying a noun (上げる + 方法).

素晴らしい作品を作り上げた。

They completed a wonderful piece of work.

Compound verb (作り上げる).

今年度の目標は、利益を20％上げることです。

This fiscal year's goal is to raise profits by 20%.

Business context (利益を上げる).

彼はその勇気ある行動で男を上げた。

He raised his reputation as a man with that courageous act.

Idiom: 男を上げる (to raise one's reputation).

政府は消費税を引き上げる法案を可決した。

The government passed a bill to raise the consumption tax.

引き上げる (to pull up/raise officially).

選手たちは士気を上げて試合に臨んだ。

The players raised their morale and faced the match.

士気を上げる (to raise morale).

厳しい訓練で体を鍛え上げた。

I trained my body thoroughly through rigorous training.

Compound verb (鍛え上げる - to train thoroughly).

彼女の提案は会議の質を一段と上げた。

Her proposal raised the quality of the meeting to another level.

質を上げる (to raise quality).

花火が夜空に打ち上げられた。

Fireworks were launched into the night sky.

Passive compound (打ち上げられる).

この問題の解決には、国を挙げて取り組む必要がある。

Solving this problem requires the entire country's effort.

国を挙げて (involving the whole country - note the kanji 挙).

連日の残業で、社員たちは悲鳴を上げている。

The employees are crying out in distress due to daily overtime.

Idiom: 悲鳴を上げる (to cry for help/complain bitterly).

彼は一代で莫大な財産を築き上げた。

He built up a massive fortune in a single generation.

Compound verb (築き上げる - to build up completely).

その企業は画期的な新製品で一気に名を上げた。

That company instantly made a name for itself with an epoch-making new product.

Idiom: 名を上げる (to make a name for oneself).

交渉のハードルを上げることで、相手の妥協を引き出した。

By raising the hurdle of the negotiation, they drew out a compromise from the other party.

ハードルを上げる (to raise the bar/hurdle).

長年の研究の末、ついに新薬を完成し上げた。

After years of research, they finally completed the new drug.

Emphasizing completion.

彼女の演技は観客のボルテージを最高潮にまで上げた。

Her performance raised the audience's excitement to its absolute peak.

ボルテージを上げる (to raise the excitement/voltage).

この伝統工芸品は、職人の手によって丹念に磨き上げられている。

This traditional craft is painstakingly polished to perfection by the hands of artisans.

磨き上げる (to polish to perfection).

利益至上主義が、結果として企業の首を絞める声を上げさせている。

The profit-first principle is, as a result, causing the company to cry out as it strangles itself.

Complex causative-passive usage.

権力への執着が、彼を修羅の道へと押し上げた。

His obsession with power pushed him up onto the path of carnage.

押し上げる (to push up) used metaphorically.

その作家は、日常の些細な出来事を芸術の域にまで昇華し上げた。

That author sublimated trivial daily events to the realm of art.

Highly literary expression.

御社のご発展を祈念し、杯を上げさせていただきます。

Praying for the development of your company, allow me to raise my glass.

Highly formal toast (杯を上げる).

民衆の怒りが頂点に達し、ついに反旗を翻す声を上げた。

The people's anger reached its peak, and they finally raised their voices in rebellion.

Literary/Historical context.

長きにわたる沈黙を破り、彼はついに真実を白日に曝け上げた。

Breaking a long silence, he finally exposed the truth to the light of day.

曝け上げる (to expose completely).

精緻を極めたその彫刻は、神業としか言いようのない完成度を誇り上げている。

That exquisitely detailed sculpture boasts a level of perfection that can only be described as divine.

Emphatic suffix usage.

時代の荒波に揉まれながらも、彼は己の信念を貫き上げた。

Though battered by the rough waves of the times, he stuck to his beliefs to the very end.

貫き上げる (to stick to something to the end).

微に入り細を穿つその分析は、問題の核心を見事に浮き彫りにし上げた。

That meticulous analysis brilliantly brought the core of the problem into sharp relief.

Advanced compound usage.

常见搭配

手を上げる

値段を上げる

声を上げる

成績を上げる

利益を上げる

スピードを上げる

音量を上げる

全力を上げる

モチベーションを上げる

成果を上げる

常用短语

〜てあげる

書き上げる

作り上げる

名を上げる

男を上げる

悲鳴を上げる

全力を上げる

声を上げる

利益を上げる

腕を上げる

容易混淆的词

上げる vs 上がる (agaru - intransitive)

上げる vs くれる (kureru - to give to me)

上げる vs もらう (morau - to receive)

习语与表达

"悲鳴を上げる"

"男を上げる"

"名を上げる"

"腕を上げる"

"全力を上げる"

"棚に上げる"

"血祭りに上げる"

"産声を上げる"

"音を上げる"

"軍配を上げる"

容易混淆

上げる vs

句型

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如何使用

note

The kanji 上 is used for general raising/giving. 挙 is for examples/arrests. 揚 is for frying/flags.

常见错误

Using 上げる instead of 上がる for things that rise on their own.
Saying 友達が私にプレゼントを上げた instead of くれた.
Using 〜てあげる to a boss or teacher.
Writing 天ぷらを上げる instead of 天ぷらを揚げる.
Confusing the pronunciation with other verbs.

小贴士

Particle Match

Always pair 上げる with the particle を. If you see が, you probably need 上がる.

Direction of Giving

Think of あげる as an arrow pointing AWAY from you. You can never point it at yourself.

Avoid with Superiors

Never use 〜てあげる with your boss. It makes you sound like you think you're better than them.

Compound Verbs

Learn common compounds like 書き上げる (finish writing) and 作り上げる (finish making) to sound more native.

Kanji Choice

When in doubt about which kanji to use for 'ageru', 上げる is usually the safest and most common choice.

Listen for the Te-form

If you hear a verb in the te-form followed by 'ageru', they are talking about doing a favor.

Pitch Accent

Pronounce it flat (Heiban). Don't stress the first syllable, or it might sound unnatural.

Idiom Alert

悲鳴を上げる doesn't always mean a literal scream; it often means complaining about a tough situation, like being overworked.

Business Japanese

Upgrade to 差し上げる in business emails when offering documents or gifts to clients.

Physical vs Abstract

Remember that lifting a box and raising a price use the exact same verb in Japanese.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine 'A GAY ROO' (A-ge-ru) lifting weights, raising prices, and giving you a present all at once!

词源

Native Japanese (Wago)

文化背景

Avoid using 〜てあげる with people of higher status; it sounds condescending.

Use 差し上げる (sashiageru) instead of あげる when giving to superiors.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"最近、物の値段が上がっていると思いませんか？ (Don't you think prices are going up lately?)"

"誕生日に何をあげましたか？ (What did you give for the birthday?)"

"手伝ってあげましょうか？ (Shall I help you?)"

"モチベーションを上げるために何をしますか？ (What do you do to raise your motivation?)"

"エアコンの温度を上げてもいいですか？ (May I raise the AC temperature?)"

日记主题

Write about a time you gave a memorable gift to someone (〜をあげた).

Describe what you do to raise your grades or skills (〜を上げる).

Write about a recent price increase you noticed (値段を上げる).

Describe a favor you did for a friend recently (〜てあげた).

Write about a project you recently completed (〜上げた).

常见问题

10 个问题

上げる (ageru) is a transitive verb, meaning someone is actively raising something (e.g., I raise the price). It takes the particle を. 上がる (agaru) is an intransitive verb, meaning something rises on its own (e.g., The price rises). It takes the particle が.

No, this is a very common mistake. 上げる is only used when YOU give something to someone else, or a third party gives to another third party. When someone gives something to YOU, you must use くれる (kureru).

The pattern 〜てあげる implies that you are doing someone a favor. Using this with a boss or superior sounds arrogant and condescending, as if they should be grateful to you. Instead, use the humble form お手伝いしましょうか (Shall I help you?).

When 上げる is attached to the masu-stem of another verb (like 書き from 書く), it acts as a suffix meaning 'to finish' or 'to complete'. So, 書き上げる means 'to finish writing' completely.

They are pronounced the same (ageru) and share a core concept of upward movement, but they are used in specific contexts. 挙げる is for giving examples or arresting. 揚げる is for deep-frying or flying a kite. 上げる is the most general and common.

You don't. To express receiving something, you use the verb もらう (morau) or いただく (itadaku). 上げる strictly means 'to give' (outward direction).

Yes, absolutely. 音量を上げる (onryou o ageru) is the standard way to say 'turn up the volume'. It is used for many abstract increases like temperature, speed, and prices.

The humble form is 差し上げる (sashiageru). You use this when you are giving a gift or doing a favor for someone of higher status, such as a teacher, boss, or client.

It can! Literally it means 'to raise one's hand' (like in class), but idiomatically, just like in English, it can mean to give up or surrender in a fight or difficult situation.

When used as a standalone verb meaning 'to raise' (手を上げる), it is usually written in kanji. When used to mean 'to give' or as an auxiliary verb (〜てあげる), it is very often written in hiragana.

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