Voz Passiva em Chinês: Algo foi feito (被)
situações negativas ou acidentais.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use {被|bèi} to indicate that the subject is the recipient of an action rather than the doer.
- Structure: Receiver + 被 + Agent + Verb + Other elements (e.g., {他|tā} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {打|dǎ} {了|le}).
- The agent can be omitted if unknown or irrelevant (e.g., {书|shū} {被|bèi} {拿走|názǒu} {了|le}).
- Usually implies a negative or undesirable outcome, though neutral usage exists in formal contexts.
Overview
Passive Construction Formula
| Component | Function | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Receiver
|
The subject
|
{书|shū}
|
|
被
|
Passive marker
|
{被|bèi}
|
|
Agent
|
The doer
|
{我|wǒ}
|
|
Verb
|
Action
|
{拿走|názǒu}
|
|
Complement
|
Result
|
{了|le}
|
Meanings
The {被|bèi} construction is used to highlight the patient (receiver) of an action, shifting focus away from the agent.
Adversarial Passive
Used when something negative happens to the subject.
“{我|wǒ} {被|bèi} {雨|yǔ} {淋|lín} {湿|shī} {了|le}。”
“{他|tā} {被|bèi} {老师|lǎoshī} {批评|pīpíng} {了|le}。”
Formal/Objective Passive
Used in news or academic writing to report events objectively.
“{这项|zhèxiàng} {计划|jìhuà} {被|bèi} {政府|zhèngfǔ} {批准|pīzhǔn} {了|le}。”
“{会议|huìyì} {被|bèi} {推迟|tuīchí} {到|dào} {明天|míngtiān} {了|le}。”
Reference Table
| Estrutura | Exemplo (Chinês) | Pinyin | Significado |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Recebedor + 被 + Verbo + 了
|
衣服被弄脏了
|
Yīfu bèi nòngzāng le
|
A roupa foi sujada.
|
|
Recebedor + 被 + Agente + Verbo + 了
|
他被老师发现了
|
Tā bèi lǎoshī fāxiàn le
|
Ele foi descoberto pelo professor.
|
|
Recebedor + 没 + 被 + Verbo
|
钱包没被偷
|
Qiánbāo méi bèi tōu
|
A carteira não foi roubada.
|
|
Recebedor + 被 + Verbo + Resultado
|
饭被吃光了
|
Fàn bèi chī guāng le
|
A comida foi toda comida.
|
|
Recebedor + 被 + Agente + Complemento
|
我被他气死了
|
Wǒ bèi tā qì sǐ le
|
Fiquei morrendo de raiva por causa dele.
|
|
Sujeito + 被 + Verbo + 走
|
车被开走了
|
Chē bèi kāi zǒu le
|
O carro foi levado (dirigindo).
|
Espectro de formalidade
{窗户|chuānghu} {被|bèi} {击碎|jīsuì} {了|le}。 (Accident)
{窗户|chuānghu} {被|bèi} {打碎|dǎsuì} {了|le}。 (Accident)
{窗户|chuānghu} {被|bèi} {弄碎|nòngsuì} {了|le}。 (Accident)
{窗户|chuānghu} {被|bèi} {搞|gǎo} {烂|làn} {了|le}。 (Accident)
O Universo Passivo do Bèi
Resultados Negativos
- 偷 Roubado
- 删 Deletado
Ações Sociais
- 甩 Levou um fora
- 骗 Enganado
Ativa (把) vs. Passiva (被)
Posso usar '被'?
O resultado é negativo ou acidental?
Você quer mencionar quem fez?
Verbos Passivos Essenciais
Acidentes
- • 弄坏 (Quebrado)
- • 弄丢 (Perdido)
- • 撞 (Batido)
Redes Sociais
- • 黑 (Hackeado)
- • 封 (Bloqueado)
- • 拉黑 (Banido)
Exemplos por nível
{我|wǒ} {被|bèi} {雨|yǔ} {淋|lín} {了|le}。
I was rained on.
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {老师|lǎoshī} {叫|jiào} {了|le}。
He was called by the teacher.
{饭|fàn} {被|bèi} {吃|chī} {了|le}。
The food was eaten.
{球|qiú} {被|bèi} {踢|tī} {了|le}。
The ball was kicked.
{钱包|qiánbāo} {被|bèi} {小偷|xiǎotōu} {偷走|tōuzǒu} {了|le}。
The wallet was stolen by a thief.
{窗户|chuānghu} {被|bèi} {风|fēng} {吹开|chuīkāi} {了|le}。
The window was blown open by the wind.
{作业|zuòyè} {被|bèi} {狗|gǒu} {撕烂|sīlàn} {了|le}。
The homework was torn up by the dog.
{花|huā} {被|bèi} {猫|māo} {打翻|dǎfān} {了|le}。
The flowers were knocked over by the cat.
{这|zhè} {个|gè} {问题|wèntí} {被|bèi} {大家|dàjiā} {讨论|tǎolùn} {了|le} {很|hěn} {久|jiǔ}。
This problem was discussed by everyone for a long time.
{会议|huìyì} {被|bèi} {推迟|tuīchí} {到|dào} {下|xià} {周|zhōu} {了|le}。
The meeting was postponed until next week.
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {公司|gōngsī} {派|pài} {到|dào} {上海|shànghǎi} {工作|gōngzuò} {了|le}。
He was sent to Shanghai by the company to work.
{这|zhè} {本|běn} {书|shū} {被|bèi} {翻译|fānyì} {成|chéng} {了|le} {多|duō} {种|zhǒng} {语言|yǔyán}。
This book was translated into many languages.
{该|gāi} {项目|xiàngmù} {被|bèi} {委员会|wěiyuánhuì} {一致|yīzhì} {通过|tōngguò} {了|le}。
The project was unanimously approved by the committee.
{由于|yóuyú} {大雪|dàxuě}，{航班|hángbān} {被|bèi} {取消|qǔxiāo} {了|le}。
Due to heavy snow, the flight was cancelled.
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {指控|zhǐkòng} {犯|fàn} {了|le} {严重|yánzhòng} {的|de} {错误|cuòwù}。
He was accused of committing a serious error.
{这|zhè} {座|zuò} {桥|qiáo} {被|bèi} {设计|shèjì} {得|de} {非常|fēicháng} {坚固|jiāngù}。
This bridge was designed to be very sturdy.
{此|cǐ} {项|xiàng} {研究|yánjiū} {被|bèi} {学术界|xuéshùjiè} {广泛|guǎngfàn} {引用|yǐnyòng}。
This research is widely cited by the academic community.
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {舆论|yúlùn} {推向|tuīxiàng} {了|le} {风口浪尖|fēngkǒulàngjiān}。
He was pushed to the forefront of public opinion.
{该|gāi} {政策|zhèngcè} {被|bèi} {认为|rènwéi} {是|shì} {解决|jiějué} {问题|wèntí} {的|de} {关键|guānjiàn}。
The policy is considered the key to solving the problem.
{这|zhè} {种|zhǒng} {现象|xiànxiàng} {被|bèi} {社会学家|shèhuìxuéjiā} {长期|chángqī} {关注|guānzhù}。
This phenomenon has been long-term observed by sociologists.
{其|qí} {言论|yánlùn} {被|bèi} {视为|shìwéi} {对|duì} {传统|chuántǒng} {的|de} {挑战|tiǎo衅|tiǎoxìn}。
His remarks were regarded as a provocation to tradition.
{该|gāi} {法案|fǎ'àn} {被|bèi} {议会|yìhuì} {搁置|gēzhì} {了|le} {数|shù} {月|yuè}。
The bill was shelved by parliament for several months.
{这|zhè} {一|yī} {发现|fāxiàn} {被|bèi} {科学界|kēxuéjiè} {誉为|yùwéi} {本|běn} {世纪|shìjì} {最|zuì} {大|dà} {的|de} {突破|tūpò}。
This discovery was hailed by the scientific community as the greatest breakthrough of the century.
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {命运|mìngyùn} {捉弄|zhuōnòng}，{一生|yīshēng} {坎坷|kǎnkě}。
He was toyed with by fate, his life full of hardships.
Fácil de confundir
Both involve specific word orders and resultative complements.
Both can be used for passive-like meanings.
Both indicate receiving an action.
Erros comuns
{我|wǒ} {被|bèi} {吃|chī} {苹果|píngguǒ}
{苹果|píngguǒ} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {吃|chī} {了|le}
{书|shū} {被|bèi} {拿|ná}
{书|shū} {被|bèi} {拿走|názǒu} {了|le}
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {爱|ài}
{我|wǒ} {爱|ài} {他|tā}
{被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {打|dǎ}
{我|wǒ} {被|bèi} {打|dǎ} {了|le}
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {骂|mà}
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {骂|mà} {了|le}
{苹果|píngguǒ} {被|bèi} {吃|chī} {了|le} {我|wǒ}
{苹果|píngguǒ} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {吃|chī} {了|le}
{被|bèi} {雨|yǔ} {淋|lín}
{我|wǒ} {被|bèi} {雨|yǔ} {淋|lín} {了|le}
{这|zhè} {事|shì} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {做|zuò} {好|hǎo}
{这|zhè} {事|shì} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {做|zuò} {好|hǎo} {了|le}
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {老师|lǎoshī} {批评|pīpíng} {很|hěn} {凶|xiōng}
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {老师|lǎoshī} {批评|pīpíng} {得|de} {很|hěn} {凶|xiōng}
{被|bèi} {人|rén} {知道|zhīdào}
{这|zhè} {被|bèi} {人|rén} {知道|zhīdào} {了|le}
{被|bèi} {认为|rènwéi} {是|shì} {正确|zhèngquè}
{这|zhè} {被|bèi} {认为|rènwéi} {是|shì} {正确|zhèngquè} {的|de}
{被|bèi} {他|tā} {所|suǒ} {打败|dǎbài}
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {他|tā} {打败|dǎbài} {了|le}
{被|bèi} {大家|dàjiā} {喜欢|xǐhuān}
{他|tā} {很|hěn} {受|shòu} {大家|dàjiā} {喜欢|xǐhuān}
{被|bèi} {他|tā} {发现|fāxiàn} {了|le} {我|wǒ}
{我|wǒ} {被|bèi} {他|tā} {发现|fāxiàn} {了|le}
Padrões de frases
___ 被 ___ 拿走了。
___ 被 ___ 批评了。
___ 被 ___ 讨论了很久。
___ 被 认为 是 ___。
Real World Usage
{大楼|dàlóu} {被|bèi} {火|huǒ} {烧毁|shāohuǐ} {了|le}。
{我|wǒ} {被|bèi} {放|fàng} {鸽子|gēzi} {了|le}！
{我|wǒ} {被|bèi} {公司|gōngsī} {选中|xuǎnzhòng} {了|le}。
{航班|hángbān} {被|bèi} {取消|qǔxiāo} {了|le}。
{外卖|wàimài} {被|bèi} {送|sòng} {错|cuò} {了|le}。
{这|zhè} {条|tiáo} {消息|xiāoxi} {被|bèi} {转发|zhuǎnfā} {了|le} {一万|yīwàn} {次|cì}。
Não deixe o verbo sozinho!
O culpado é opcional
Alerta de Gíria
Smart Tips
Use '被' to emphasize the victim.
Use '被' for objective facts.
Just drop it.
Add a complement.
Pronúncia
Tone of 被
It is a 4th tone (bèi). Ensure it is sharp and falling.
Adversarial
Subject + 被 + Agent + Verb ↓
Falling intonation at the end to emphasize the negative result.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Think of 'Bèi' as a 'B-E-I' (Being Effected Indeed).
Associação visual
Imagine a person being covered by a heavy blanket (被子 - bèizi). The blanket is the action happening to them.
Rhyme
When the action hits you, use 'bèi', it's the passive way.
Story
Little Ming was playing. Suddenly, his toy was taken by his brother. '我的玩具被哥哥拿走了!' he cried. The '被' shows the toy was the victim.
Word Web
Desafio
Write 3 sentences today using '被' to describe things that happened to you.
Notas culturais
Used frequently in news to report on social issues.
Similar usage, but sometimes '让' is preferred in casual speech.
Influenced by English, passive is used more often than in mainland China.
The character {被|bèi} originally meant 'quilt' or 'cover'.
Iniciadores de conversa
{你|nǐ} {有|yǒu} {什么|shénme} {东西|dōngxi} {被|bèi} {偷|tōu} {过|guò} {吗|ma}?
{你|nǐ} {觉得|juéde} {这|zhè} {部|bù} {电影|diànyǐng} {被|bèi} {低估|dīgū} {了|le} {吗|ma}?
{你|nǐ} {小时候|xiǎoshíhòu} {被|bèi} {老师|lǎoshī} {批评|pīpíng} {过|guò} {吗|ma}?
{你|nǐ} {认为|rènwéi} {这|zhè} {项|xiàng} {政策|zhèngcè} {被|bèi} {正确|zhèngquè} {执行|zhíxíng} {了|le} {吗|ma}?
Temas para diário
Erros comuns
Test Yourself
{咖啡|kāfēi} ___ {喝|hē} {了|le}。
被 para indicar que o café (recebedor) sofreu a ação de alguém desconhecido.Escolha a frase correta para 'Eu não fui descoberto'.
没 devem aparecer antes do 被.{我的|wǒde} {伞|sǎn} {被|bèi} {拿|ná}。
走) e uma partícula (como 了).Score: /3
Exercicios praticos
8 exercises{书|shū} ___ {我|wǒ} {拿走|názǒu} {了|le}。
Find and fix the mistake:
{钱包|qiánbāo} {被|bèi} {小偷|xiǎotōu} {偷|tōu}。
Which sentence is correct?
{被|bèi} / {我|wǒ} / {花|huā} / {打碎|dǎsuì} / {了|le} / {猫|māo} / {的|de}
The meeting was postponed.
Match: {书|shū} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {拿走|názǒu} {了|le}
{他|tā} {被|bèi} {我|wǒ} {很|hěn} {爱|ài}。
{这|zhè} {个|gè} {问题|wèntí} {被|bèi} {大家|dàjiā} {讨论|tǎolùn} ___ {很|hěn} {久|jiǔ}。
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercises[{了|le}, {被|bèi}, {自行车|zìxíngchē}, {偷|tōu}, {我的|wǒde}]
O bolo foi comido por ele.
Combine corretamente:
Qual afirmação é verdadeira?
{他|tā} ___ {被|bèi} {警察|jǐngchá} {抓|zhuā} {走|zǒu}。
{我|wǒ} {妈妈|māma} {被|bèi} {叫|jiào} {了|le}。
[{被|bèi}, {秘密|mìmì}, {发现|fāxiàn}, {了|le}]
O computador foi quebrado por mim.
Como se diz 'Ontem meu celular foi roubado'?
{窗户|chuānghu} {被|bèi} ___ {刮|guā} {开|kāi} {了|le}。
Score: /10
Perguntas frequentes (8)
No, it's mostly for negative or objective events.
No, you can omit it if it's unknown.
No, they are opposites in focus.
You probably forgot the resultative complement.
Yes, it's very common in formal reports.
No, it can be used for things too.
Use active voice instead.
Add '没' or '没有' before '被'.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Voz pasiva (ser + participio)
Chinese '被' carries a negative nuance, while Spanish 'ser' is neutral.
Voix passive (être + participe passé)
French passive is used much more frequently than Chinese passive.
Passiv (werden + Partizip II)
German passive is structurally more flexible.
受身形 (reru/rareru)
Japanese uses verb conjugation; Chinese uses a particle.
المبني للمجهول (Passive voice)
Arabic is morphological; Chinese is syntactic.
被 (bèi)
N/A
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Vídeos relacionados
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