C1 Passive & Reported Speech 16 min read صعب

هياكل الإبلاغ المبني للمجهول (يقال إنه...)

Mastering these structures makes your English sound authoritative and nuanced, like a true C1 speaker.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use these structures to report information objectively without naming a specific source, common in journalism and academic writing.

  • Use 'It + passive verb + that-clause' for general statements like 'It is said that he is rich'.
  • Use 'Subject + passive verb + to-infinitive' for personal focus like 'He is said to be rich'.
  • Match the infinitive tense (simple, continuous, perfect) to the timing of the reported action.
👤 (Subject) + 🗣️ (Passive Verb) + 🔗 (to + Verb)

نظرة عامة

### Overview
أهلاً بك يا زميلي في هذه المرحلة المتقدمة من رحلتك لإتقان اللغة الإنجليزية. بصفتك متعلماً في مستوى C1 (المستوى المتقدم)، فأنت لا تبحث فقط عن كيفية تكوين الجمل، بل تبحث عن الدقة، والاحترافية، والقدرة على التعبير عن الأفكار المعقدة بأسلوب ينم عن تمكن لغوي عالٍ. موضوعنا اليوم هو أحد أرقى الأدوات الأسلوبية في اللغة الإنجليزية: هياكل التقارير المبنية للمجهول (Passive Reporting Structures)، وتحديداً النمط الذي يبدأ بالفاعل مثل He is said to be....
لماذا تكتسب هذه القاعدة أهمية بالغة؟ في الحياة المهنية والأكاديمية، نحتاج غالباً لنقل معلومات أو آراء أو معتقدات دون أن ننسبها لشخص بعينه، إما لعدم توفر المصدر، أو لرغبتنا في الحياد والموضوعية، أو حتى لإضفاء صبغة الرسمية على الكلام. تخيل أنك تقرأ تقريراً اقتصادياً في صحيفة عالمية أو تستمع لنقاش في «مجلس» عمل رفيع المستوى؛ ستجد أن المتحدثين لا يكتفون بقول People say... (يقول الناس)، بل يفضلون استخدام The economy is expected to grow... (يُتوقع للاقتصاد أن ينمو).
هذا الأسلوب يمنحك «المسافة اللغوية» الكافية لتقول: «هذا هو الشائع أو المتداول، وأنا أنقله لك بموضوعية». في هذا الدرس، سنفكك شفرة هذه القاعدة، ونقارنها بجماليات لغتنا العربية، ونرى كيف نتجنب الأخطاء التي يقع فيها حتى المتمكنون.
### How This Grammar Works
تعتمد هذه القاعدة على فكرة لغوية تسمى «رفع الفاعل» (Subject Raising). لكي نفهمها، دعنا ننظر إلى كيفية تطور الجملة من البساطة إلى التعقيد:
  1. 1المستوى الأساسي (Active): People believe that the CEO is resigning. (يعتقد الناس أن المدير التنفيذي سيستقيل).
  2. 2المستوى المتوسط (Passive with 'It'): It is believed that the CEO is resigning. (يُعتقد أن المدير التنفيذي سيستقيل). هذا النمط يشبه جداً التركيب العربي «يُقال أن...» أو «يُعتقد أن...».
  3. 3المستوى المتقدم (Passive Reporting Structure): The CEO is believed to be resigning. (يُعتقد أن المدير التنفيذي سيستقيل - ولكن مع جعل المدير هو مبتدأ الجملة).
المقارنة مع اللغة العربية:
في لغتنا العربية الجميلة، نحن نستخدم الفعل المبني للمجهول مثل «يُقال» أو «يُشاع»، وغالباً ما نتبعها بكلمة «أنّ» والجملة الاسمية. فنقول: «يُقال إنّ الرجلَ كريمٌ». هنا، «الرجل» يظل داخل جملة «أنّ».
أما في الإنجليزية المتقدمة، فنحن «نسحب» هذا الفاعل (The man) ونضعه في بداية الجملة تماماً، ثم نحول الفعل الذي كان بعده إلى صيغة المصدر (to be).
هذا التحول من جملة مركبة تحتوي على that إلى جملة بسيطة تحتوي على infinitive (مصدر) هو ما يعطي الكلام طابعاً أكاديمياً رصيناً. أنت هنا لا تركز على «من قال»، بل تركز على «من قيل عنه».
### Formation Pattern
لتكوين هذه الجملة باحترافية، اتبع النمط التالي:
Subject + Passive Reporting Verb + Infinitive Phrase
1. الأفعال الشائعة في هذا النمط:
  • Say (يُقال): is said to
  • Believe (يُعتقد): is believed to
  • Know (يُعرف): is known to
  • Think (يُظن): is thought to
  • Report (يُذكر/يُفيد التقرير): is reported to
  • Expect (يُتوقع): is expected to
  • Allege (يُزعم - تستخدم غالباً في السياقات القانونية): is alleged to
  • Claim (يُدّعى): is claimed to
2. اختيار المصدر الصحيح (The Infinitive) بناءً على الزمن:
هذا هو الجزء الذي يتطلب دقة عالية، فالمصدر يتغير بتغير زمن الفعل الأصلي:
| زمن الفعل الأصلي | نوع المصدر (Infinitive) | مثال | المعنى بالعربية |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| المضارع البسيط / حقيقة عامة | to + المصدر البسيط | He is said to live in Dubai. | يُقال إنه يعيش في دبي. |
| المضارع المستمر (الآن) | to be + verb-ing | They are thought to be hiding. | يُظن أنهم يختبئون (الآن). |
| الماضي البسيط / المضارع التام | to have + التصريف الثالث | She is known to have won. | يُعرف أنها فازت (في الماضي). |
| الماضي المستمر | to have been + verb-ing | He is alleged to have been working alone. | يُزعم أنه كان يعمل بمفرده. |
أمثلة توضيحية:
  • The ancient city is known to be very beautiful. (المضارع: حقيقة عامة).
  • The suspect is reported to have fled the country. (الماضي: هرب وانتهى).
  • The new project is expected to be finished by next year. (المستقبل: يُتوقع انتهاؤه).
### When To Use It
استخدام هذه الهياكل ليس مجرد استعراض لغوي، بل هو ضرورة في سياقات معينة:
  1. 1في الصحافة والإعلام (News Reporting):
عندما تنقل القنوات الإخبارية خبراً لم يتأكد بنسبة 100%، أو تريد الحفاظ على خصوصية المصادر.
*مثال:* The Prime Minister is reported to be visiting Riyadh next week. (يُفيد التقرير أن رئيس الوزراء سيزور الرياض الأسبوع القادم).
  1. 1في الكتابة الأكاديمية والبحثية (Academic Writing):
لإظهار أن المعلومة هي رأي سائد في المجتمع العلمي وليس مجرد رأي شخصي للباحث.
*مثال:* This protein is believed to play a role in memory. (يُعتقد أن هذا البروتين يلعب دوراً في الذاكرة).
  1. 1عند الحديث عن الإشاعات أو المعتقدات العامة (General Beliefs):
في جلساتنا الاجتماعية، عندما نتحدث عن شخص مشهور أو مكان معروف.
*مثال:* That restaurant is said to serve the best Arabic coffee in town. (يُقال إن ذلك المطعم يقدم أفضل قهوة عربية في المدينة).
  1. 1لتجنب المسؤولية المباشرة (Distancing):
في بيئة العمل، إذا أردت نقل خبر قد يكون حساساً.
*مثال:* The company is understood to be facing financial difficulties. (يُفهم أن الشركة تواجه صعوبات مالية). لاحظ هنا استخدام understood بدلاً من said لإعطاء انطباع بالاستنتاج الهادئ.
### Common Mistakes
بناءً على تداخل اللغة العربية مع الإنجليزية (L1 Interference)، يقع المتعلمون العرب غالباً في هذه الأخطاء:
  1. 1نسيان حرف الجر to واستخدام جملة كاملة:
  • خطأ: He is said he lives in London.
  • صواب: He is said to live in London.
  • لماذا يحدث هذا؟ لأننا في العربية نقول «يُقال (إنه) يسكن...»، فنحاول ترجمة «إنه» بوضع فاعل وفعل مباشرة، بينما الإنجليزية تتطلب مصدراً بعد الفعل المبني للمجهول.
  1. 1استخدام المصدر البسيط بدلاً من المصدر التام للماضي:
  • خطأ: The thief is believed to steal the car yesterday.
  • صواب: The thief is believed to have stolen the car yesterday.
  • لماذا يحدث هذا؟ في العربية، كلمة «يُعتقد» توضح أن الاعتقاد الآن، والزمن الماضي يظهر في الفعل اللاحق «أنه سرق». في الإنجليزية، بما أننا استخدمنا to فلا بد من استخدام have + pp لبيان أن الفعل حدث في الماضي.
  1. 1الخلط بين It is said that و He is said to:
  • خطأ: It is said to be a good movie. (إلا إذا كنت تقصد أن الفيلم نفسه هو من يُقال عنه، ولكن التركيب الأصح للعموم هو It is said that it is a good movie أو The movie is said to be good).
  • نصيحة: إذا بدأت بـ It استخدم that وجملة كاملة. إذا بدأت بالفاعل الحقيقي، استخدم to والمصدر.
### Contrast With Similar Patterns
دعنا نقارن بين الأساليب المختلفة لنقل المعلومات لنرى الفرق في القوة الأسلوبية:
| الأسلوب | المثال | النبرة (Tone) | السياق |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| المعلوم (Active) | People say he is a genius. | غير رسمية / شخصية | حديث يومي، سوق، مقهى. |
| المجهول مع It | It is said that he is a genius. | رسمية / محايدة | تقارير، أخبار عامة. |
| المجهول مع رفع الفاعل | He is said to be a genius. | متقدمة / بليغة | مقالات، خطابات رسمية، لغة أكاديمية. |
الفرق الجوهري:
في أسلوب He is said to be يكون التركيز منصباً تماماً على الشخص (المبتدأ)، مما يجعل الجملة أقوى وأكثر تركيزاً. في العربية، يشبه هذا الفرق بين قولنا «يُقال إنّ العلمَ نورٌ» وقولنا «العلمُ يُقال عنه إنه نورٌ» (مع مراعاة الفوارق النحوية).
### Quick FAQ
1. هل يمكنني استخدام أي فعل في هذا النمط؟
لا، هذا النمط مخصص لأفعال «التفكير والقول» (Verbs of thinking and saying) مثل know, think, believe, say, report, claim. لا يمكنك استخدامه مع أفعال الحركة مثل run أو eat.
2. متى أستخدم to have been؟
استخدمها في حالتين: إما للماضي المستمر (He is said to have been living there) أو للمبني للمجهول في الماضي (The document is thought to have been destroyed).
3. هل هذا النمط شائع في التحدث؟
في التحدث الرسمي (مثل عرض تقديمي في العمل أو خطاب)، نعم. أما في الحديث الودي مع الأصدقاء، فغالباً ما نستخدم They say... أو I heard... لأنها أبسط وأسرع.
4. كيف أقرر أي مصدر أستخدم؟
اسأل نفسك: هل الفعل الذي أنقله يحدث الآن؟ (استخدم to do/to be). هل حدث وانتهى؟ (استخدم to have done). هل هو مستمر؟ (استخدم to be doing).
ختاماً، يا بطل، إن إتقانك لهذه القاعدة يضعك في مصاف المتحدثين اللبقين الذين يعرفون كيف يزنون كلماتهم بدقة. تذكر دائماً أن اللغة ليست مجرد قواعد، بل هي فن اختيار القالب المناسب للفكرة المناسبة. استمر في التدرب، وحاول أن تلاحظ هذه الهياكل في مقالات مجلة *The Economist* أو أخبار *BBC*، وستجدها بكثرة!
يلّا نبدأ التدريب!

Personal Structure: Subject + Passive Verb + Infinitive

Time of Action Infinitive Form Example Structure Example Sentence
Present/Future
Simple (to do)
is said to [verb]
He is said to live in Paris.
Present Continuous
Continuous (to be doing)
is thought to be [verb-ing]
She is thought to be sleeping.
Past
Perfect (to have done)
is believed to have [past part.]
They are believed to have left.
Past Continuous
Perfect Continuous (to have been doing)
is alleged to have been [verb-ing]
He is alleged to have been lying.

Common Passive Reporting Verbs

Verb Passive Form (Impersonal) Passive Form (Personal)
Say
It is said that...
Subject is said to...
Think
It is thought that...
Subject is thought to...
Believe
It is believed that...
Subject is believed to...
Report
It is reported that...
Subject is reported to...
Claim
It is claimed that...
Subject is claimed to...
Allege
It is alleged that...
Subject is alleged to...

Meanings

A formal way to report thoughts, beliefs, or rumors without identifying the speaker, often used to create a sense of distance or objectivity.

1

General Consensus

Reporting what is widely believed or accepted by the public or a specific group.

“It is generally accepted that climate change is accelerating.”

“The company is thought to be the market leader.”

2

Rumors and Speculation

Reporting unconfirmed information or gossip in a way that avoids personal responsibility for the claim.

“He is rumored to be dating a famous actress.”

“The CEO is said to be considering a resignation.”

3

Expectations and Requirements

Reporting what is expected to happen or what people are required to do based on general knowledge.

“The train is expected to arrive ten minutes late.”

“Passengers are requested to remain seated.”

Reference Table

Reference table for هياكل الإبلاغ المبني للمجهول (يقال إنه...)
Form Structure Example
Impersonal (Affirmative)
It + is + [past part.] + that + clause
It is said that he is a genius.
Impersonal (Negative)
It + is + not + [past part.] + that + clause
It is not thought that the plan will work.
Personal (Affirmative)
Subject + is + [past part.] + to + infinitive
He is said to be a genius.
Personal (Negative)
Subject + is + not + [past part.] + to + infinitive
The plan is not thought to be effective.
Personal (Past Action)
Subject + is + [past part.] + to have + [past part.]
He is said to have won the lottery.
Personal (Continuous)
Subject + is + [past part.] + to be + [verb-ing]
She is thought to be hiding.
Question (Impersonal)
Is it + [past part.] + that + clause?
Is it believed that they are coming?
Question (Personal)
Is + subject + [past part.] + to + infinitive?
Is he said to be a good boss?

طيف الرسمية

رسمي
He is reputed to possess considerable wealth.

He is reputed to possess considerable wealth. (Financial status)

محايد
He is said to be very rich.

He is said to be very rich. (Financial status)

غير رسمي
Word is he's loaded.

Word is he's loaded. (Financial status)

عامية
I heard he's got mad stacks.

I heard he's got mad stacks. (Financial status)

Passive Reporting Functions

Passive Reporting

Journalism

  • Objectivity Reporting facts without bias

Legal

  • Allegations Claims before proof

Academic

  • Theories Widely held scientific beliefs

Active vs. Passive Reporting

Active (Informal)
People say he is rich. Focus on 'People'
Passive (Formal)
He is said to be rich. Focus on 'He'

Choosing the Structure

1

Do you want to start with 'It'?

YES
Use: It is said that...
NO
Start with the person/thing.
2

Is the action in the past?

YES
Use: to have + past participle
NO
Use: to + base verb

Common Reporting Verbs

🧠

Belief

  • • think
  • • believe
  • • consider
  • • understand
💬

Speech

  • • say
  • • report
  • • claim
  • • allege
⏳

Expectation

  • • expect
  • • suppose
  • • rumor
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

People say he is a good doctor.

2

They think the movie is long.

3

Everyone says the food is great.

4

I hear he is from Italy.

1

It is said that the city is beautiful.

2

People believe that he is very rich.

3

It is thought that the test is hard.

4

They say that she is a famous singer.

1

It is reported that the weather will be bad.

2

He is said to be a very kind man.

3

It is believed that the fire started in the kitchen.

4

The company is thought to be very successful.

1

The athlete is expected to win the gold medal.

2

It is claimed that the new drug has no side effects.

3

The painting is believed to be a genuine Picasso.

4

He is rumored to have resigned from his post.

1

The CEO is alleged to have been embezzling funds for years.

2

It is widely understood that the treaty is no longer valid.

3

The species was thought to have gone extinct in the 19th century.

4

The manuscript is reputed to be the oldest in existence.

1

The diplomat is purported to have acted as a double agent during the war.

2

It is surmised that the civilization collapsed due to prolonged drought.

3

The author is widely held to have revolutionized the modern novel.

4

The suspect is reported to be evading capture in the mountains.

سهل الخلط

Passive Reporting Structures (He is said to be...) مقابل Supposed to vs. Said to

Learners often use 'supposed to' when they mean 'said to'. 'Supposed to' often implies an obligation or a failed expectation.

Passive Reporting Structures (He is said to be...) مقابل It is said that vs. He is said to

Mixing the 'that' clause with the 'to' infinitive.

Passive Reporting Structures (He is said to be...) مقابل Passive vs. Active Reporting

Using 'People say' in a formal essay.

أخطاء شائعة

✗

He say he is happy.

✓

He says he is happy.

Subject-verb agreement error.
✗

People is say he is rich.

✓

People say he is rich.

Incorrect use of 'be' with active verbs.
✗

They thinks it is good.

✓

They think it is good.

Adding -s to plural subjects.
✗

I am hear he is nice.

✓

I hear he is nice.

Using 'am' unnecessarily.
✗

It said that he is rich.

✓

It is said that he is rich.

Missing the auxiliary 'be' in passive.
✗

He is say to be rich.

✓

He is said to be rich.

Using base form instead of past participle.
✗

It is thought he rich.

✓

It is thought that he is rich.

Missing the 'that' or the verb in the clause.
✗

He is said that he is rich.

✓

He is said to be rich.

Mixing the impersonal and personal structures.
✗

It is believed to be rich.

✓

He is believed to be rich.

Using 'It' as a subject for a personal attribute.
✗

He is thought have left.

✓

He is thought to have left.

Missing 'to' in the infinitive.
✗

He is alleged to steal the money yesterday.

✓

He is alleged to have stolen the money yesterday.

Using simple infinitive for a past action.
✗

It is reported the company to be closing.

✓

The company is reported to be closing.

Incorrect structure for reporting ongoing actions.
✗

He is understood to being working hard.

✓

He is understood to be working hard.

Using 'being' instead of 'be' for continuous infinitive.
✗

The suspect is claimed to have been escaped.

✓

The suspect is claimed to have escaped.

Unnecessary passive inside the infinitive (escaped is intransitive).

أنماط الجُمل

It is ___ that ___.

Subject is said to ___.

Subject is thought to have ___.

Subject is alleged to have been ___.

Real World Usage

News Headlines constant

Local Man Said to Be Missing After Storm

Academic Journals very common

The results are thought to indicate a shift in climate patterns.

Legal Proceedings constant

The defendant is alleged to have committed the robbery.

Office Gossip common

She's rumored to be getting a promotion.

Travel Announcements occasional

The flight is expected to be delayed.

History Books very common

The king was believed to have died in battle.

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة
🎯

Use for Objectivity

In essays, use 'It is often claimed that...' to introduce an argument you disagree with. It makes you sound more academic and less aggressive.
⚠️

Avoid Overuse

Don't use these in every sentence. Overusing passive reporting can make your writing feel 'heavy' and hard to read. Mix them with active sentences.
💡

Check the Time

Always ask: 'When did the reported action happen?' If it was before the reporting, use 'to have + past participle'.
💬

Journalistic Safety

If you work in media, 'alleged' is your best friend. It protects you from legal trouble when reporting on crimes.

Smart Tips

Switch to 'It is widely believed that...' or 'It is often claimed that...'.

People say that technology is bad for kids. → It is often claimed that technology has a detrimental effect on children.

Always use 'to have + past participle'.

He is said to be a hero in the war. → He is said to have been a hero in the war.

Use 'rumored to' or 'alleged to' to protect yourself from sounding like you're stating a fact.

He stole the money. → He is alleged to have stolen the money.

Check for 'that' immediately after the reporting verb.

It is said him to be a doctor. → It is said that he is a doctor.

النطق

/hiː ɪz sed tə biː rɪtʃ/

Weak form of 'to'

In the personal structure, the word 'to' is usually unstressed and pronounced as a schwa /tə/.

It is be-LIEVED that...

Stress on reporting verb

The main stress usually falls on the past participle of the reporting verb (e.g., 'said', 'thought', 'believed').

Falling intonation for facts

He is said to be the best. ↘

Conveys a sense of reporting a known or accepted fact.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Remember 'IT' for the whole sentence (It is said that...), and 'TO' for the person (He is said TO...).

ربط بصري

Imagine a news anchor behind a desk. They don't say 'My friend told me'; they say 'It is reported that...'. The desk represents the distance and formality of the structure.

Rhyme

If you start with 'It', a 'that' is a fit. If you start with 'He', a 'to' it must be!

Story

A detective is investigating a crime. He doesn't know who did it, so he writes in his notebook: 'The suspect is believed to have escaped.' He uses this to sound professional and avoid blaming the wrong person too early.

Word Web

allegepurportreputerumorclaimunderstandsuppose

تحدٍّ

Write three sentences about a famous celebrity using 'is said to be', 'is thought to have', and 'is rumored to be doing'.

ملاحظات ثقافية

British journalism (especially the BBC or broadsheets) uses these structures extensively to maintain a 'neutral' and 'unbiased' stance.

In Western academia, using 'It is thought that' is preferred over 'I think' to make the research seem more universal and less personal.

The word 'alleged' is legally crucial. Media must say 'The alleged thief' or 'He is alleged to have stolen' until a person is convicted to avoid lawsuits.

These structures evolved from the Latin 'dicitur' (it is said) and 'videtur' (it seems), which were common in legal and scholarly texts.

بدايات محادثة

“

What is a place in your country that is said to be haunted?

“

Which celebrity is rumored to be starting a new project right now?

“

In your field of study, what is a theory that is widely held to be true?

“

Discuss a historical figure who is alleged to have committed a crime that was never proven.

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Write a short news report about a fictional bank robbery. Use at least three different passive reporting verbs.
Describe a local legend or myth from your hometown using formal reporting structures.
Write a formal critique of a popular movie, using distancing language to discuss its reception.

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Test Yourself

Choose the correct form to complete the sentence. اختيار متعدد

The CEO is believed ______ the company last night.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: to have left
Since the action (leaving) happened in the past (last night), we must use the perfect infinitive 'to have left'.
Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb 'say'.

It ______ that the new law will be passed next week.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is said
This is the impersonal passive structure: It + is + past participle.
Identify the error in the following sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

He is thought that he is the best player in the team.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He is thought to be
You cannot use a 'that' clause immediately after 'He is thought'. You must use a 'to' infinitive.
Rewrite the sentence starting with 'The suspect'. Sentence Transformation

People believe that the suspect is hiding in the woods.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The suspect is believed to be hiding in the woods.
The personal structure uses Subject + is believed + to be [verb-ing] for continuous actions.
Is the following statement true or false? True False Rule

The structure 'It is said that...' is more informal than 'People say...'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Passive reporting structures are more formal and objective than active ones.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Have you heard about the new manager? B: Yes, he ______ very strict.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is said to be
The personal structure 'is said to be' is the natural way to report a rumor about a person.
Which of these verbs can be used in a passive reporting structure? Grammar Sorting

Select the correct group.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: think, believe, say, claim
Only reporting/mental state verbs can be used in these structures.
Match the active sentence to its passive reporting equivalent. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 1-He is said to be rich; 2-He is thought to have been rich.
The first is present, the second is past reporting.

Score: /8

تمارين تطبيقية

8 exercises
Choose the correct form to complete the sentence. اختيار متعدد

The CEO is believed ______ the company last night.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: to have left
Since the action (leaving) happened in the past (last night), we must use the perfect infinitive 'to have left'.
Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb 'say'.

It ______ that the new law will be passed next week.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is said
This is the impersonal passive structure: It + is + past participle.
Identify the error in the following sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

He is thought that he is the best player in the team.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He is thought to be
You cannot use a 'that' clause immediately after 'He is thought'. You must use a 'to' infinitive.
Rewrite the sentence starting with 'The suspect'. Sentence Transformation

People believe that the suspect is hiding in the woods.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The suspect is believed to be hiding in the woods.
The personal structure uses Subject + is believed + to be [verb-ing] for continuous actions.
Is the following statement true or false? True False Rule

The structure 'It is said that...' is more informal than 'People say...'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Passive reporting structures are more formal and objective than active ones.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Have you heard about the new manager? B: Yes, he ______ very strict.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is said to be
The personal structure 'is said to be' is the natural way to report a rumor about a person.
Which of these verbs can be used in a passive reporting structure? Grammar Sorting

Select the correct group.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: think, believe, say, claim
Only reporting/mental state verbs can be used in these structures.
Match the active sentence to its passive reporting equivalent. Match Pairs

1. People say he is rich. 2. People think he was rich.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 1-He is said to be rich; 2-He is thought to have been rich.
The first is present, the second is past reporting.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

12 exercises
Complete the sentence with the correct passive reporting verb and infinitive. املأ الفراغ

The ancient scroll ___ to contain secret knowledge.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is believed
Complete the sentence with the correct passive reporting structure. املأ الفراغ

The suspect ___ the country before the police arrived.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is thought to have fled
Identify and correct the error in the sentence. Error Correction

The new building is expected finished next month.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The new building is expected to be finished next month.
Correct the grammatical mistake in the sentence. Error Correction

He is said to being a brilliant scientist, but he retired last year.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He is said to have been a brilliant scientist, but he retired last year.
Select the sentence that uses the correct passive reporting structure. اختيار متعدد

Which sentence is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The climate is believed to be changing rapidly.
Choose the grammatically correct sentence. اختيار متعدد

Select the correct option:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The ancient manuscript is thought to have been written by a monk.
Translate the following sentence into English using a passive reporting structure. الترجمة

Translate into English: 'Se dice que el concierto ha sido cancelado.'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ["The concert is said to have been cancelled.","It is said that the concert has been cancelled."]
Translate the sentence, focusing on the passive reporting structure. الترجمة

Translate into English: 'Se cree que el sospechoso estaba mintiendo durante el interrogatorio.'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ["The suspect is believed to have been lying during the interrogation."]
Put the words in order to form a correct sentence. Sentence Reorder

Arrange these words into a sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She is said to be smart.
Rearrange the words to make a grammatically correct passive reporting sentence. Sentence Reorder

Arrange these words into a sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The goods are reported to have been smuggled across the border.
Match the passive reporting structure with its appropriate infinitive form based on timing. Match Pairs

Match the sentences with the correct infinitive endings:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: matched
Match the beginning of the sentence with the correct passive reporting clause. Match Pairs

Complete the sentences by matching the halves.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: matched

Score: /12

الأسئلة الشائعة (8)

No, only 'reporting verbs' like `say`, `think`, `believe`, `claim`, `allege`, `report`, `understand`, and `expect` work.

The meaning is the same, but 'He is said' focuses on the person, while 'It is said' focuses on the whole situation. 'He is said' is generally considered more advanced.

Use `to have been` (Perfect Infinitive) when the action you are reporting happened *before* the time of reporting. Example: `He is said to have been a spy in the 80s`.

It is less common in casual speech. In conversation, we usually say `I've heard that...` or `People say...`.

Yes! You can say `It was thought that...` or `He was believed to be...` to report what people thought in the past.

Mostly, yes. It implies that a claim has been made but not yet proven, which is why it's so common in legal and police contexts.

Because it creates 'distance' between the speaker and the information. You aren't saying *you* believe it; you're saying *it is believed* by others.

No. You cannot say `He is said that he is...`. You must use the infinitive: `He is said to be...`.

Scaffolded Practice

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Mastery Progress

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Improving

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Mastered

سجّل مجاناً للتدريب

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Se dice que... / Se cree que...

Spanish prefers the 'It is said that' equivalent almost exclusively.

French moderate

On dit que... / Il est dit que...

English 'He is said to' must be translated as 'On dit qu'il...' in French.

German high

Man sagt... / Er soll ... sein

German uses the modal 'sollen' to express 'is said to'.

Japanese high

...to iwarete iru (〜と言われている)

The structure is very similar, but Japanese word order is Subject-Object-Verb.

Arabic moderate

Yuqal 'anna... (يُقال أن)

Arabic rarely uses a personal infinitive structure for reporting.

Chinese low

Jùshuō (据说)

Chinese uses a lexical marker (Jùshuō) rather than a grammatical passive construction.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
المبني للمجهول المتقدم: الإبلاغ عن الشائعات والمعتقدات (يقال إنه...)
Next
الأسئلة المنقولة بكلمات الاستفهام (من، ماذا، لماذا)

Learn These First

B1 Requires

صيغة المجهول: التكوين الأساسي (فعل يكون + التصريف الثالث)

### Overview عندما نتحدث باللغة الإنجليزية، فإننا غالباً ما نركز على 'من' قام بالفعل، وهذا ما نسميه 'المبني للمعلوم' أو...
B1 Requires

الأفعال الإنجليزية التي تتبعها المصدر (want to, need to)

### Overview في قواعد اللغة الإنجليزية، توجد أنماط مثيرة للاهتمام للتعبير عن الأفعال. أحد الهياكل الأساسية، وهو مهم بشك...

Continue With

C1 Requires

الاسم الفعلي المبني للمجهول: Being (تلقي الفعل)

### Overview تعد صيغة المصدر المجهول (Passive Gerund)، والتي تتكون من `being` متبوعة بـ **اسم المفعول** (past participl...

فيديوهات ذات صلة

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The Horror of the Slaver Ant
The Future of AI is Open [Advertiser content from IBM] 04:50

The Future of AI is Open [Advertiser content from IBM]
America's Worst Flag Gets a Redesign 06:58

America's Worst Flag Gets a Redesign
Passive Reporting Verbs in English | IT IS SAID THAT, IT IS THOUGHT THAT 7:37 YouTube

Passive Reporting Verbs in English | IT IS SAID THAT, IT IS THOUGHT THAT

Oxford English Now
PASSIVE VOICE - English Grammar step-by-step 12:30 YouTube

PASSIVE VOICE - English Grammar step-by-step

Arnel's Everyday English

Related Grammar Rules

B1

صيغة المجهول للموضوعية: 'يقال إن...'

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C1

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B1

أفعال الإبلاغ: من قال ماذا؟

### Overview تُعد أفعال النقل `Reporting Verbs` من أهم الأدوات اللغوية التي تمكنك من نقل المعلومات أو تلخيص الأقوال أو...
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صيغة المجهول: التركيز على الأفعال (المجهول في المضارع البسيط)

### Overview أهلاً بك في هذه الرحلة الممتعة لتعلم أحد أهم أسرار اللغة الإنجليزية! في لغتنا العربية الجميلة، نمتلك أدوات...
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