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Armenian 文法をより早く理解する

文法体系をレベルとカテゴリー別に参照し、実践的な例を示した明確な説明を開きます。

390 トータルルール

66 チャプター

7 CEFRレベル

ここから始めようオープンボキャブラリーオープンイディオムとフレーズ

Armenian の文法は初めて？

基礎から始めて、ステップバイステップで力をつけよう。

ここから始めよう

アクティブフィルター: CEFRレベル: C2

A0 チャプター

ゼロポイント · 30 トータルルール

最初の一歩です。言語の基本要素 — アルファベット、基本的な音、シンプルな単語のつながり方を発見します。

アルファベットと音基本的な語順シンプルなあいさつ

The Building Blocks: Armenian Alphabet & Sounds

This chapter introduces the unique Armenian alphabet and its basic sounds. Learners will practice writing and pronouncing the fundamental letters.

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First Words: Greetings & Introductions

Learn essential greetings and phrases for introducing yourself in Armenian. This chapter covers polite inquiries and basic responses for everyday interactions.

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Naming the World: Nouns & Numbers

Explore common Armenian nouns and how to form their plurals. This chapter also introduces basic numbers and simple descriptive adjectives.

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Simple Sentences: The Verb 'To Be'

Master the present tense of the verb 'to be' (եմ, ես, է) to form basic statements and questions. Learn how to negate these simple sentences and use adjectives for description.

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Who & What: Personal Pronouns & Possessives

Discover personal pronouns (I, you, he/she/it) and how to express possession with possessive adjectives and pronouns. This chapter also covers demonstrative pronouns like 'this' and 'that'.

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The Definite Article & Basic Questions

Understand the Armenian definite article suffix (-ը/-ն) and when to use it. Learn to ask fundamental questions like 'where?' and 'who?' and practice simple commands.

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A1 チャプター

初級 · 78 トータルルール

日常的なフレーズを理解して使えます。このレベルの文法は現在形、基本的な文型、シンプルな質問をカバーします。

現在形の基本はい/いいえの質問冠詞と代名詞

Verb Power: The Present Continuous

Dive into Armenian verbs and learn to conjugate regular verbs in the present continuous tense. This chapter covers forming questions and negations with verbs, and introduces common irregular verbs.

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Around Town: Directions & Places

Learn prepositions of place and phrases for asking and giving directions. This chapter expands your vocabulary with common places and introduces basic time expressions and higher numbers.

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More Pronouns: Direct & Indirect Objects

Explore direct and indirect object pronouns and their placement in sentences. This chapter also introduces reflexive, reciprocal, and indefinite pronouns.

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Adjectives & Adverbs: Describing More

Learn to use adjectives to describe nouns and understand how adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. This chapter covers forming adverbs and expressing degrees of adjectives.

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The Case System Unveiled: Nominative & Accusative

Begin your journey into the Armenian case system, focusing on the Nominative (subject) and Accusative (direct object) cases. Understand their endings and role in sentence structure.

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Genitive Case: Possession & Relationship

Master the Genitive case, used to express possession ('of', 's') and relationships. Learn its endings and how it functions with nouns and pronouns.

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Dative Case: To Whom & For Whom

Explore the Dative case, indicating the indirect object ('to', 'for'). This chapter teaches its forms and usage with verbs and pronouns.

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Ablative Case: From Where & From Whom

Learn the Ablative case, used to express origin ('from') and comparison ('than'). Understand its ending and application with various verbs and pronouns.

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Instrumental Case: With What & By Whom

Discover the Instrumental case, which indicates the means or company ('with', 'by means of'). This chapter covers its forms and usage for tools, company, and transport.

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Locative Case: At, In, On (Eastern Armenian)

Focus on the Locative case (Eastern Armenian), used to express fixed location ('at', 'in', 'on'). Learn its ending and how it functions with places and time expressions.

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Interrogative Words & Question Particles

Expand your question-asking abilities with interrogative words like 'why?', 'when?', and 'how?'. This chapter also covers the essential Armenian question particle -՞.

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Daily Routines & Time Expressions

Talk about daily activities and master expressions for days of the week, months, and telling time. This chapter also introduces ordinal numbers and frequency adverbs.

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Negation Beyond 'To Be'

Learn how to negate verbs using the particle չ- and negate nouns and adjectives with ոչ. This chapter also covers double negation and expressing 'no one' or 'nothing'.

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A2 チャプター

初中級 · 78 トータルルール

自信がついてきます。文法は過去形、比較表現、接続詞を使ったアイデアのつなぎ方に広がります。

過去形比較表現文をつなげる

Stepping into the Past: The Imperfect Tense

Introduce yourself to past tenses with the Imperfect, describing ongoing or habitual actions in the past. Learn its conjugation and usage in narrative.

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The Simple Past: Aorist Tense

Master the Aorist tense, used for completed actions in the past. This chapter differentiates its usage from the Imperfect and covers its forms in questions and negations.

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Looking Ahead: The Future Tense

Learn to express future actions and intentions with the Future Tense. This chapter covers its formation, use with modal verbs, and application in predictions.

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Comparative & Superlative Adjectives

Compare nouns and express superlatives (e.g., 'taller than', 'the tallest'). This chapter covers regular and irregular forms, and comparing with adverbs.

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More About Cases: Genitive-Dative & Instrumental-Ablative

Explore the nuances of combined case forms like Genitive-Dative and Instrumental-Ablative. This chapter also delves into prepositions and postpositions governing specific cases.

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Adverbs of Manner, Place, and Time

Expand your use of adverbs to describe how, where, and when actions occur. This chapter covers their position in sentences and introduces intensifiers.

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Imperative Mood: Commands & Requests

Learn to give commands and make requests using the Imperative mood. This chapter covers both positive and negative forms, and polite expressions.

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Conjunctions: Connecting Ideas

Connect sentences and clauses using basic coordinating and subordinating conjunctions. This chapter helps you link ideas for contrast, cause, and choice.

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Expressing Obligation & Necessity

Learn to express 'must', 'have to', 'need to', and their negations. This chapter also covers expressing permission and prohibition using modal-like constructions.

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Infinitives & Gerunds: Verb Nouns

Understand the infinitive ('to do') and gerund ('doing') forms and how they function as nouns or after prepositions. This chapter explores their various uses in sentences.

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Demonstratives & Indefinite Articles

Distinguish between demonstrative adjectives and pronouns ('this', 'that'). This chapter also introduces the concept of the indefinite article (մի) and its usage.

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Time Phrases & Calendar Expressions

Master phrases for expressing duration, frequency, dates, and seasons. This chapter also covers expressions for 'before', 'after', 'since', and 'until'.

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Passive Voice: When the Subject Receives

Learn to form and use the passive voice, shifting focus to the action's recipient. This chapter covers its formation with the auxiliary 'to be' and its use across tenses.

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B1 チャプター

中級 · 72 トータルルール

ブレイクスルーのレベルです。意見を述べたり、経験を説明したり、旅行のほとんどの場面に対応できます。文法は条件文、助動詞、受動態をカバーします。

条件文助動詞間接話法

The Perfect Tense: Have Done

Explore the Perfect Tense, used for actions completed with relevance to the present. Learn its formation with an auxiliary verb and past participle, and distinguish it from the Aorist.

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The Pluperfect Tense: Had Done

Master the Pluperfect Tense, describing actions completed before another past action. This chapter covers its formation and usage in complex sentences and sequencing events.

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Conditional Sentences: If... Then... (Type 1)

Introduce yourself to conditional sentences, focusing on Type 1 (real conditions). Learn to form 'if' clauses and main clauses using present and future tenses.

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Conditional Sentences: If... Then... (Type 2 & 3)

Delve into Type 2 (unreal present/future) and Type 3 (unreal past) conditional sentences. This chapter also covers mixed conditionals and variations in their structure.

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Relative Clauses: Adding Detail

Learn to use relative clauses with pronouns like Որ, Ով, Ինչ to add descriptive detail to nouns. This chapter distinguishes between defining and non-defining clauses.

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Reported Speech: Telling What Was Said

Master the art of reported speech, converting direct quotes into indirect statements, questions, and commands. Learn how tenses and pronouns change in reported contexts.

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Participles: Adjective-Verbs

Explore present (-ող) and past (-ած) participles and their dual function as verbs and adjectives. This chapter covers participle phrases and their use in compound tenses.

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Advanced Use of Postpositions & Prepositions

Deepen your understanding of Armenian postpositions and prepositions, including complex forms and those governing specific cases. Explore their idiomatic uses and subtle distinctions.

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Expressing Opinions & Beliefs

Learn verbs and phrases for expressing your opinions, beliefs, and certainty or uncertainty. This chapter also touches on using the subjunctive for opinions and reporting others' views.

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Causative Verbs: Making Someone Do Something

Understand causative constructions, where one causes another to perform an action. This chapter covers direct and indirect causatives and their formation with -եցնել.

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Discourse Markers & Connectors

Enhance your writing and speaking with discourse markers and connectors that add information, show contrast, indicate cause and effect, and sequence events.

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Word Formation: Derivation & Compounding

Explore how new words are formed in Armenian through suffixes, prefixes, and compounding. This chapter also covers verbal nouns and morphological processes.

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B2 チャプター

中上級 · 60 トータルルール

流暢に自然なやりとりができます。このレベルの文法は高度な時制、仮定法、ニュアンスのある文構造に取り組みます。

高度な時制仮定法複雑な節

The Subjunctive Mood: Wishes & Possibilities

Introduce the subjunctive mood, used to express wishes, desires, and non-factual situations. Learn its present forms and usage in dependent clauses and for purpose.

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Advanced Subjunctive & Conditional Perfect

Delve deeper into the subjunctive, including past forms and its use in impersonal expressions and relative clauses. Master the conditional perfect for hypothetical past actions.

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Impersonal Constructions & Reflexive Verbs

Understand impersonal verbs and expressions (e.g., 'it rains', 'it seems'). This chapter also covers reflexive and reciprocal verbs, and their usage with pronouns.

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Advanced Case Usage & Nuances

Explore more nuanced applications of the Armenian case system, including specific uses of Genitive, Dative, Ablative, Instrumental, and Locative for purpose, cause, and manner.

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Compound Verbs & Verbal Prefixes

Discover compound verbs formed by combining a verb with a preverb. Learn how common prefixes alter verb meanings and explore idiomatic compound verbs.

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Advanced Adverbial Clauses

Master complex adverbial clauses of time, cause, purpose, concession, result, and manner. Learn to construct sophisticated sentences that express intricate relationships between ideas.

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Nominalization & De-nominalization

Learn to transform verbs and adjectives into nouns (nominalization) and vice-versa (de-nominalization). Understand how these processes contribute to conciseness and formality in language.

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Expressing Modality: Possibility, Probability, Certainty

Explore various ways to express degrees of possibility, probability, and certainty using modal verbs, impersonal expressions, and adverbs. Understand the nuances of modality across tenses.

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Word Order for Emphasis & Focus

Move beyond standard word order to use inversion, fronting, and cleft sentences for emphasis and focus. Understand how word order can highlight specific information in a sentence.

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Advanced Usage of Articles & Determiners

Delve into the subtle uses and omissions of the definite article, and the emphatic use of the indefinite article. Explore quantifiers and distributives for precise expression.

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C1 チャプター

上級 · 48 トータルルール

ネイティブに近い運用力です。暗示的な意味を理解し、言語を柔軟に使えます。文法はまれな例外、文体のバリエーション、フォーマルな表現をカバーします。

文体レジスター慣用的な構造例外パターン

Stylistic Variations & Register

Learn to navigate between formal and informal language, literary and colloquial expressions. This chapter covers honorifics, politeness, and the use of passive voice for formality.

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Advanced Conjunctions & Discourse Markers

Master sophisticated conjunctions and discourse markers for argumentation, elaboration, transition, and concession. Learn to use rhetorical questions and emphatic particles for persuasive communication.

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Idiomatic Expressions & Proverbs

Immerse yourself in common Armenian idioms, proverbs, and sayings. Understand their figurative meanings, appropriate usage, and the challenges of translation.

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Advanced Relative & Appositive Clauses

Construct complex sentences with multiple layers of relative clauses and reduced forms. Explore appositive clauses and clauses of consequence or comparison for detailed descriptions.

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Subjunctive for Nuance & Hypothetical Scenarios

Utilize the subjunctive mood to express regret, criticism, and nuanced hypothetical situations. This chapter covers its use in literary contexts and with verbs of suggestion.

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Advanced Morphology & Derivational Processes

Deepen your understanding of Armenian word formation through advanced suffixes, prefixes for aspect and modality, and complex compounding. Explore reduplication and historical derivational patterns.

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Impersonal Passive & Agentless Constructions

Master impersonal passive constructions (e.g., 'it is said that...') and agentless passive for general statements. Understand their role in formal, academic, and objective writing.

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The Nuances of Aspect & Tense

Gain a profound understanding of perfective vs. imperfective aspect, habitual, and prospective aspects. Explore aspectual prefixes and suffixes, and the role of context in interpreting aspectual meaning.

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C2 チャプター

習熟 · 24 トータルルール

完全な習得です。ほぼすべてを理解し、正確に表現できます。ここの文法は言語の最も細かいディテールを磨きます。

文学的文法ニュアンスのある表現ネイティブレベルの精度

Literary Devices & Rhetorical Figures

Analyze and employ various literary devices such as metaphor, simile, personification, hyperbole, and irony. Understand how sound devices and repetition contribute to stylistic effect.

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Advanced Discourse & Cohesion

Master the principles of cohesion and coherence to create well-structured and flowing texts. Learn about theme and rheme, ellipsis, substitution, and various referential and conjunctive devices.

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Historical Grammar & Linguistic Evolution

Explore the historical development of the Armenian language, including changes in its alphabet, case system, and verb conjugations. Understand the impact of loanwords and dialectal variations.

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Stylistic Mastery & Expressive Range

Achieve precision and nuance in your Armenian expression by varying sentence structures and mastering formal and informal registers. Develop a personal writing style and understand subtle meanings.

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