Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use the Conditional Perfect to describe actions that would have happened in the past under certain conditions.
- Use 'ter' in the conditional + past participle: 'Eu teria feito' (I would have done).
- The past participle usually ends in -ado or -ido, but watch for irregulars like 'feito' or 'dito'.
- It is frequently used in 'if' clauses (hypothetical past): 'Se eu tivesse tempo, teria ido'.
Overview
would have done somethingですね。ポルトガル語では、助動詞とメインの動詞を組み合わせるだけで表現できます。返信しなかった理由や、パーティーに行けなかった理由を説明するための最強のツールです。
How This Grammar Works
ter (持っている) を活用させ、メインの動詞を「完了」の状態（過去分詞）にするだけです。comprado であり、comprada や comprados にはなりません。頭痛の種が一つ減りましたね。
Formation Pattern
ter と、メイン動詞の過去分詞が必要です。
ter を活用させる (助動詞):
Eu + teria + falado = 私は話しただろう。
Fazer は feito、dizer は dito、ver は visto になります。これらには注意してください。
When To Use It
- 典型的な言い訳:
Eu teria ido, mas estava chovendo.
(行っただろうけど、雨が降っていたんだ。) - 「もしも」のシナリオ (仮定法過去完了): よく
Se(もし) + 接続法過去完了と一緒に使われます。Se eu soubesse, eu teria ajudado.
(もし知っていたら、手伝ったのに。) - 未確認の噂: ニュースキャスターは未確認の過去の出来事を伝えるのにこれを好みます。
O suspeito teria fugido para o Brasil.
(容疑者はブラジルへ逃亡した模様です。)
Common Mistakes
- アクセントを忘れる:
teriamosではなくteríamosです。そのアクセント記号が、完璧な発音とロボットのような声の違いです。 - 分詞を変えてしまう:
Elaが女性だからEla teria idaと言いたくなるかもしれません。その衝動を抑えて！この構造では常にEla teria ido
です。 - 時制の混同:
teria(〜しただろう) とtinha(〜していた) を混同しないでください。Eu tinha feitoは「私はしていた」（大過去）。Eu teria feitoは「私はしただろう」です。
Contrast With Similar Patterns
ポルトガル語 vs. 英語:
英語では would have (2単語) + 動詞と言います。ポルトガル語では、would have の概念が teria という1単語に含まれています。
単純 vs. 複合:
Eu compraria o carro.(私は車を買うだろう - 今、または未来に。)
Eu teria comprado o carro.(私は車を買っていただろう - 過去に。でも買わなかった。)
Quick FAQ
ter の代わりに haver を使えますか？非常に堅い文章や古い文学ではイエスです (haveria feito)。でも実生活、特にブラジルでは？ter を使いましょう。
Se (もし) の部分が必要ですか？いいえ！文脈で暗示できます。
Eu não teria feito isso.(私ならそれはしなかっただろう)。条件は文脈から理解されます。
もちろんです。
Miga, eu teria respondido antes, mas dormi.(ねえ、もっと早く返信したかったんだけど、寝ちゃって。)」
Conjugation of 'Ter' in Conditional
| Pronoun | Conjugation |
|---|---|
|
Eu
|
teria
|
|
Tu
|
terias
|
|
Ele/Ela/Você
|
teria
|
|
Nós
|
teríamos
|
|
Vós
|
teríeis
|
|
Eles/Elas/Vocês
|
teriam
|
Meanings
The Conditional Perfect expresses an action that was possible or intended in the past but did not occur, or expresses a past probability.
Hypothetical Past
Actions that would have occurred if a condition had been met.
“Eu teria comprado o carro.”
“Nós teríamos saído mais cedo.”
Past Probability
Speculation about an event that happened in the past.
“Que horas seriam quando ele chegou?”
“Teria sido um erro?”
Reference Table
| 代名詞 | 助動詞 (Ter) | メイン動詞 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Eu / Você / Ele
|
teria
|
falado
|
話していただろう
|
|
Nós
|
teríamos
|
bebido
|
飲んでいただろう
|
|
Eles / Elas
|
teriam
|
partido
|
出発していただろう
|
|
Eu
|
teria
|
feito
|
していただろう (不規則)
|
|
Você
|
teria
|
dito
|
言っていただろう (不規則)
|
|
Nós
|
teríamos
|
visto
|
見ていただろう (不規則)
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
Eu teria concluído o relatório. (Work environment)
Eu teria terminado o relatório. (Work environment)
Eu teria acabado o relatório. (Work environment)
Eu tinha terminado o relatório (often used incorrectly for conditional). (Work environment)
過去未来完了の仕組み
助動詞 (Ter)
- Teria 私/彼/彼女は〜していただろう
- Teríamos 私たちは〜していただろう
メイン動詞 (過去分詞)
- -ado 規則 AR動詞 (falado)
- -ido 規則 ER/IR動詞 (comido)
過去完了 vs. 過去未来完了
文章の作り方ステップ
主語は誰？
メイン動詞は規則動詞？
必須の不規則過去分詞
する・作る
- • Fazer -> Feito
言う
- • Dizer -> Dito
見る
- • Ver -> Visto
レベル別の例文
Eu teria comido.
I would have eaten.
Ele teria ido.
He would have gone.
Nós teríamos visto.
We would have seen.
Eles teriam falado.
They would have spoken.
Eu teria comprado o livro.
I would have bought the book.
Você teria ajudado?
Would you have helped?
Não teríamos feito isso.
We wouldn't have done that.
Ela teria chegado cedo.
She would have arrived early.
Se eu soubesse, teria vindo.
If I had known, I would have come.
Eles teriam ganho o jogo.
They would have won the game.
Teria sido uma boa ideia.
It would have been a good idea.
Eu não teria aceitado o cargo.
I wouldn't have accepted the position.
Teria ele esquecido o compromisso?
Could he have forgotten the appointment?
Teríamos terminado se houvesse tempo.
We would have finished if there had been time.
Ela teria viajado, mas o voo foi cancelado.
She would have traveled, but the flight was canceled.
Quem teria escrito esta carta?
Who could have written this letter?
Jamais teríamos imaginado tal desfecho.
We would never have imagined such an outcome.
Teria sido preferível que ele tivesse falado.
It would have been preferable if he had spoken.
Eles teriam, porventura, mudado de ideia?
Might they have changed their minds?
Teria o autor previsto este cenário?
Could the author have foreseen this scenario?
Teriam eles, em sã consciência, cometido tal ato?
Would they, in their right mind, have committed such an act?
Teria sido, sem dúvida, a melhor solução.
It would have been, without a doubt, the best solution.
Não teriam eles tido a oportunidade de evitar?
Wouldn't they have had the opportunity to avoid it?
Teria o destino, acaso, traçado outro rumo?
Could fate, by chance, have traced another path?
間違えやすい
Learners mix up 'teria feito' (would have) with 'tinha feito' (had).
Both are compound, but one is past-hypothetical, one is future-certainty.
Learners use imperfect for hypothetical past.
よくある間違い
Eu teria ir
Eu teria ido
Eu tinha ido
Eu teria ido
Eu teria feito o bolo
Eu teria feito o bolo
Teria eu ido?
Eu teria ido?
Se eu teria tempo, eu ia
Se eu tivesse tempo, eu teria ido
Eu teria comido o maçã
Eu teria comido a maçã
Eles teriam vindo
Eles teriam vindo
Teria sido melhor se ele falava
Teria sido melhor se ele tivesse falado
Eu teria ter feito
Eu teria feito
Nós teríamos visto ele
Nós o teríamos visto
Teria o governo agido?
Teria o governo agido?
Se ele teria sabido
Se ele tivesse sabido
Eles teriam, talvez, ido
Eles teriam, talvez, ido
文型パターン
Eu teria ___ se tivesse ___.
Teria sido ___ se ___.
Quem teria ___?
Nós não teríamos ___.
Real World Usage
Eu teria postado a foto, mas ficou ruim.
Teria vindo se pudesse!
Eu teria abordado o problema de outra forma.
Teria sido melhor pegar o trem.
Eu teria pedido pizza se soubesse que você vinha.
O autor teria considerado outras variáveis.
シンプルに暗記！
Eu teria falado com ela ontem.
Nós のアクセントに注意
Nós teríamos bebido mais suco.
ブラジルの口語表現
Eu teria feito a mesma coisa.
Smart Tips
Combine the conditional perfect with a 'se' clause.
Use the conditional perfect for past probability.
Always check the participle form first.
Use the conditional perfect to suggest alternatives.
発音
Teria
The 'r' is a flap in Brazil, guttural in Portugal.
Questioning
Teria você ido? ↑
Rising intonation at the end for yes/no questions.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'Teria' as 'The-ria' (The theory of what could have been).
視覚的連想
Imagine a 'Time Machine' that shows you a path you didn't take. You are standing in front of two doors: one you took, and one you 'would have' taken.
Rhyme
Para o passado que não aconteceu, 'teria' com o particípio é o que eu escolho eu.
Story
Yesterday, I missed my bus. I thought: 'Eu teria chegado a tempo se tivesse acordado cedo.' But I didn't. Now I am late, but at least I know how to use the conditional perfect!
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write 3 sentences about things you would have done differently yesterday.
文化メモ
In informal Brazilian Portuguese, people often use the imperfect indicative ('tinha feito') instead of the conditional perfect ('teria feito').
European speakers are more likely to maintain the distinction between conditional perfect and pluperfect.
In all regions, formal writing strictly requires the conditional perfect.
Derived from the Latin 'habere' + infinitive, evolving into the Romance conditional.
会話のきっかけ
O que você teria feito se ganhasse na loteria?
Teria sido melhor se você tivesse estudado mais?
Quem teria escrito este livro?
Você teria aceitado o emprego?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
Score: /3
練習問題
8 exercisesEu ___ (ter) feito o trabalho.
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Eu teria ir à festa.
Eu faço o bolo. (Conditional Perfect)
Nós ___ feito.
Fazer -> ?
teria / eu / feito / isso
Conditional perfect uses the future tense of 'ter'.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesEles ___ (ter) viajado ontem.
Você ___ (ter) gostado do filme.
I would have eaten.
She would have opened the door.
Nós teriamos ganho o jogo.
Eu teria falada com ele.
ペアを完成させてください
He would have stayed.
feito / teria / Eu / isso.
Eles teriam ___ (fazer) o bolo.
I would not have gone.
Se eu soubesse, eu teria vindo.
They would have seen.
Score: /13
よくある質問 (8)
Yes, 'haveria feito' is grammatically correct but very formal and rare in modern speech.
Because it is formed by two verbs: the auxiliary 'ter' and the main verb's participle.
Yes, it is the direct equivalent.
Use the pluperfect for past facts ('I had done') and conditional perfect for hypotheticals ('I would have done').
Yes, common ones include 'feito', 'dito', 'vindo', 'posto', 'escrito', and 'aberto'.
Yes, 'Teria você feito isso?' is a perfect example.
It is common in formal writing, but often replaced by the imperfect in speech.
The auxiliary 'ter' changes: 'Nós teríamos', 'Eles teriam'.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
habría hecho
Auxiliary verb choice (haber vs ter).
aurais fait
Auxiliary conjugation.
hätte getan
Word order and mood.
shita darou
Lack of direct compound tense structure.
kuntu sa-af'alu
Syntactic structure.
ben lai hui zuo
No verb conjugation.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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