Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use {完|wán} immediately after a verb to indicate that the action has been fully completed.
- Place {完|wán} directly after the main verb: {吃完|chīwán} (finished eating).
- For negatives, use {没|méi} + {verb} + {完|wán}: {没吃完|méi chīwán} (haven't finished eating).
- For questions, add {吗|ma} or use the A-not-A form: {吃完了吗？|chīwán le ma?}.
Overview
Resultative Complement {完|wán} Formation
| Type | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Subject + Verb + 完 + (了)
|
我吃完了
|
|
Negative
|
Subject + 没 + Verb + 完
|
我没吃完
|
|
Question (吗)
|
Subject + Verb + 完 + 吗?
|
你吃完了吗?
|
|
Question (A-not-A)
|
Subject + Verb + 完 + 没 + 完?
|
你吃完没吃完?
|
|
Past Tense
|
Subject + Verb + 完 + 了
|
他写完了
|
|
Future/Intent
|
Subject + 要 + Verb + 完
|
我要写完
|
Meanings
The resultative complement {完|wán} signifies that an action has reached its conclusion or is entirely exhausted.
Action Completion
The action described by the verb is finished.
“我{看完|kànwán}了这本书。”
“请{喝完|hēwán}你的牛奶。”
Exhaustion of Supply
The object has been completely used up.
“钱{花完|huāwán}了。”
“水{用完|yòngwán}了。”
Reference Table
| 문장 구조 | 중국어 예시 | 병음 | 의미 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
긍정문 (과거/완료)
|
看完书了
|
kànwán shū le
|
책을 다 읽었어요
|
|
부정문 (과거/완료)
|
没做完作业
|
méi zuòwán zuòyè
|
숙제를 다 못 했어요
|
|
의문문
|
写完了吗？
|
xiěwán le ma?
|
다 썼나요?
|
|
미래의 완료
|
吃完就走
|
chīwán jiù zǒu
|
다 먹으면 바로 가요
|
|
결제 상황
|
买完单了
|
mǎiwán dān le
|
계산을 다 끝냈어요
|
|
감상 완료
|
听完歌了
|
tīngwán gē le
|
노래를 다 들었어요
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
我已经完成了工作。 (Workplace)
我做完了工作。 (Workplace)
工作做完了。 (Workplace)
搞定！ (Workplace)
{完|wán}의 주요 용법
일상 업무
- {做完|zuòwán} 다 하다
- {写完|xiěwán} 다 쓰다
소비 및 섭취
- {吃完|chīwán} 다 먹다
- {喝完|hēwán} 다 마시다
{了|le} vs {完|wán}
{完|wán} 사용 결정하기
동작이 완전히 끝났나요?
과거에 일어난 일인가요?
{完|wán}과 자주 쓰이는 동사들
감각
- • {看完|kànwán}
- • {听完|tīngwán}
생산적 활동
- • {做完|zuòwán}
- • {写完|xiěwán}
- • {说完|shuōwán}
신체 활동
- • {用完|yòngwán}
- • {洗完|xǐwán}
- • {跑完|pǎowán}
수준별 예문
我{吃完|chīwán}了。
I finished eating.
他{写完|xiěwán}了。
He finished writing.
我{喝完|hēwán}了。
I finished drinking.
请{看完|kànwán}。
Please finish reading.
你{做完|zuòwán}作业了吗？
Have you finished your homework?
我还没{看完|kànwán}这本书。
I haven't finished reading this book yet.
饭{做完|zuòwán}了。
The meal is finished.
钱{花完|huāwán}了。
The money is all spent.
这个项目我们已经{讨论完|tǎolùnwán}了。
We have finished discussing this project.
虽然很累，但我还是{跑完|pǎowán}了全程。
Although tired, I still finished the whole race.
超市里的牛奶都{卖完|màiwán}了。
The milk in the supermarket is all sold out.
你把这些文件{整理完|zhěnglǐwán}了吗？
Have you finished organizing these documents?
经过三天的努力，我们终于{修复完|xiūfùwán}了服务器。
After three days of effort, we finally finished repairing the server.
他还没{听完|tīngwán}那段录音就离开了。
He left before he finished listening to that recording.
请务必在下班前{处理完|chǔlǐwán}这些投诉。
Please make sure to finish handling these complaints before getting off work.
这出戏还没{演完|yǎnwán}，观众就开始鼓掌了。
The play hadn't finished yet, but the audience started applauding.
直到把所有的证据都{核对完|héduìwán}，他才松了一口气。
Only after he finished checking all the evidence did he breathe a sigh of relief.
这项工程的复杂程度远超预期，我们很难在月底{建设完|jiànshèwán}。
The complexity of this project far exceeds expectations; it is hard for us to finish construction by the end of the month.
尽管他试图掩盖真相，但警方最终还是把调查{进行完|jìnxíngwán}了。
Although he tried to cover up the truth, the police eventually finished the investigation.
在{翻译完|fānyìwán}这部巨著之后，他决定退休。
After finishing the translation of this masterpiece, he decided to retire.
历经数载，他终于将这部史诗巨作{撰写完|zhuànxiěwán}成。
After several years, he finally finished writing this epic masterpiece.
若非将这套理论{推导完|tuīdǎowán}，他绝不会轻易发表论文。
Unless he finished deriving this theory, he would never easily publish a paper.
当最后一名选手{冲完|chōngwán}终点线，比赛正式宣告结束。
When the last contestant finished crossing the finish line, the competition was officially declared over.
这不仅是资源的枯竭，更是我们对自然{破坏完|pòhuàiwán}的代价。
This is not just the depletion of resources, but the price of our complete destruction of nature.
혼동하기 쉬운
Both indicate completion, but {完|wán} is about the end of the action, while {好|hǎo} is about the quality/readiness.
Both relate to past events, but {完|wán} is a complement, {了|le} is an aspect marker.
Learners often use {不|bù} for past negation.
자주 하는 실수
我不吃完
我没吃完
完吃
吃完
我吃完饭了
我吃完饭了 (Correct, but note the object placement)
我吃完
我吃完了
你吃完吗？
你吃完了吗？
我不做完作业
我没做完作业
书看完了吗？
书看完了吗？ (Correct)
我做完好
我做完了
钱花不完
钱花完了
他没完作业
他没写完作业
这事完处理了
这事处理完了
他没完地听
他没听完
문장 패턴
我___完了。
你___完了吗？
我还没___完。
因为___完了，所以我们___。
Real World Usage
我写完了！
已售完
我们讨论完了。
景点看完了。
我已完成任务。
终于跑完了！
찰떡궁합 규칙
부정문 주의사항
정중한 거절
Smart Tips
Always add {完|wán} to the verb.
Use the same verb + {完|wán} in your answer.
Look for {完|wán} to understand if something is sold out.
Use {完|wán} to clearly state task status.
발음
Tone of {完|wán}
It is a second tone (rising). Ensure it is distinct from {万|wàn} (fourth tone).
Question intonation
你吃完了吗？↑
Rising pitch at the end indicates a question.
암기하기
기억법
Think of {完|wán} as a 'W' for 'Wrapped up'. When you wrap up an action, you use {完|wán}.
시각적 연상
Imagine a chef putting a lid on a pot. The lid is the {完|wán} character, signaling the cooking is finished.
Rhyme
Action done, {完|wán} is the one.
Story
Xiao Ming was hungry. He ate his bowl of noodles. He finished them all. He said, '我吃完了!' (I finished eating).
Word Web
챌린지
For the next 24 hours, every time you finish a task, say it out loud using the {完|wán} structure.
문화 노트
Very common in daily speech to indicate status of tasks.
Similar usage, but sometimes {好|hǎo} is preferred for 'ready'.
The structure is often translated directly from the local dialect's completion markers.
The character {完|wán} originally meant 'perfect' or 'complete'. It evolved into a resultative complement in Middle Chinese.
대화 시작하기
你今天的工作做完了吗？
这本书你看完了吗？
你们的项目讨论完没？
如果钱花完了，你会怎么办？
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
{我|wǒ}{写|xiě}___ {信|xìn} {了|le}。
'나 아직 다 안 먹었어'를 중국어로 고르세요.
{他|tā}{喝|hē}{水|shuǐ}{完|wán}{了|le}。
Score: /3
연습 문제
8 exercises我还没___作业。
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
他做完不作业。
完了 / 我 / 饭 / 吃
I finished the book.
Match: 吃, 写, 跑, 卖
A: 你作业写完了吗？ B: _____
Can you use {不|bù} with {完|wán}?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
7 exercises{看|kàn} / {我|wǒ} / {完|wán} / {电视|diànshì} / {了|le}
커피 다 마셨니?
나 영화 다 안 봤어.
알맞은 짝을 연결하세요:
{钱|qián}{도|dōu}{花|huā}___ {了|le}。
{我|wǒ}{做|zuò}{完|wán}{不|bù}{作业|zuòyè}。
Score: /7
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
Most transitive verbs that imply a process can take {完|wán}. You cannot use it with stative verbs like {知道|zhīdào}.
Use {没|méi} + Verb + {完|wán}. Example: {我没做完|wǒ méi zuòwán}.
It is often used to emphasize the change of state, but not strictly required in all contexts.
{结束|jiéshù} is a verb meaning 'to end'. {完|wán} is a complement added to another verb.
Yes, it is perfectly acceptable in formal writing to indicate the completion of tasks.
It's a common way to ask questions: {你做完没做完？|nǐ zuòwán méi zuòwán?}
It means 'sold out'. It's a very common usage of {完|wán} to indicate exhaustion of supply.
No, it is a resultative complement for verbs.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Terminar de + infinitivo
Chinese places the complement after the verb; Spanish uses a prepositional phrase.
Fertig + Verb
Chinese {完|wán} is a verb-based complement, not an adjective.
Avoir fini de + infinitivo
Chinese does not use auxiliary verbs for this purpose.
~てしまう (te-shimau)
Japanese marks the verb with a particle; Chinese adds a complement character.
أنهى (anha)
Chinese allows any verb to take the complement; Arabic requires a specific verb.
完
N/A
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
관련 동영상
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