Demander « Combien » (Kitna)
kitna (-aa, -e, -ii) avec le genre et le nombre du nom que tu décris.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'kitna' to ask 'how much' or 'how many', but remember to change its ending to match the noun's gender and number.
- Use 'kitna' (masculine singular) for masculine singular nouns: 'Kitna doodh?' (How much milk?)
- Use 'kitni' (feminine) for all feminine nouns: 'Kitni chai?' (How much tea?)
- Use 'kitne' (masculine plural) for masculine plural nouns: 'Kitne paise?' (How much money?)
Overview
kitna (कितना), et c'est un véritable caméléon social.How This Grammar Works
kitna se comporte exactement comme un adjectif se terminant par -aa (comme accha ou bada). Il doit s'accorder en genre (masculin/féminin) et en nombre (singulier/pluriel) avec la chose sur laquelle tu poses la question.
Formation Pattern
paisa (argent), chai (thé), ou log (gens) ?
Kitna (finit en -aa)
Kitne (finit en -e)
Kitni (finit en -ii)
Kitna time? (Combien de temps ?) |
Kitne rupaye? (Combien de roupies ?) |
Kitni coffee? (Combien de café ?) |
When To Use It
- Shopping : Demander le prix. *Ye kitne ka hai?* (C'est de combien ?)
- Réseaux Sociaux : Vérifier les stats. *Tumhare kitne followers hain?* (Combien de followers as-tu ?)
- Faire des Plans : Vérifier la durée. *Kitna time lagega?* (Combien de temps ça prendra ?)
- Exclamations : Exprimer le choc. *Kitna mehenga!* (Que c'est cher !) ou *Kitni sundar dress!* (Quelle belle robe !)
Common Mistakes
- Le Piège du « Défaut » : Les débutants adorent utiliser
kitnapour tout. Si tu dis *Kitna chai chahiye?*, ça sonne faux. Passe toujours àkitnipour les mots féminins. - La Confusion du Respect : Si tu poses une question sur quelqu'un de plus âgé ou respecté (comme un prof ou un père), utilise le pluriel
kitnemême si c'est une seule personne. *Aapke kitne bete hain?* (Combien de fils avez-vous ?). - Ignorer le Nom Caché : Parfois le nom est implicite. Si tu montres une robe (féminin) et dis *Kitna hai?*, ça peut passer, mais *Kitni hai?* est plus précis.
Contrast With Similar Patterns
- Kitna vs. Kaisa :
Kaisademande « Comment ? » ou « Quel genre ? » (Qualité), tandis quekitnademande « Combien ? » (Quantité). Les deux changent leurs terminaisons de la même façon ! (*Kaisa/Kaise/Kaisi*). - Itna/Jitna : Ils signifient « autant » et « autant que ». Ils suivent exactement la même règle de rime. Si tu sais dire
kitna, tu sais direitna. - Bahut : Signifie « beaucoup » ou « très ». En hindi standard moderne,
bahutreste invariable contrairement àkitna.
Quick FAQ
kitni devient kitniyan pour les noms féminins pluriels ?R: Non ! Kitni reste kitni que ce soit une fille (ladki) ou dix filles (ladkiyan). Le nom change, pas le mot interrogatif.
R: Oui ! *Kitni door?* (Quelle distance ?). Door est féminin, donc c'est kitni.
R: La phrase la plus courante est *Kitne ka hai?* (littéralement : De combien [roupies] est-ce ?). Ici kitne est oblique à cause de ka.
Kitna Agreement Table
| Form | Noun Gender | Noun Number | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Kitna
|
Masculine
|
Singular
|
Kitna doodh
|
|
Kitni
|
Feminine
|
Singular/Plural
|
Kitni chai
|
|
Kitne
|
Masculine
|
Plural
|
Kitne dost
|
Meanings
Used to inquire about the quantity or amount of a noun. It functions as an interrogative adjective.
Uncountable Quantity
Asking about mass nouns (liquid, abstract, bulk).
“कितना समय बचा है? (Kitna samay bacha hai?)”
“कितना काम है? (Kitna kaam hai?)”
Countable Plural
Asking about countable items in plural form.
“कितने लोग आए हैं? (Kitne log aaye hain?)”
“कितने सेब चाहिए? (Kitne seb chahiye?)”
Feminine Quantity
Asking about feminine nouns regardless of countability.
“कितनी चीनी चाहिए? (Kitni cheeni chahiye?)”
“कितनी किताबें हैं? (Kitni kitabein hain?)”
Reference Table
| Genre/Nombre | Mot interrogatif | Exemple de nom | Phrase complète |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Masc. Singulier
|
Kitna (कितना)
|
Paisa (Argent)
|
Kitna paisa?
|
|
Masc. Pluriel
|
Kitne (कितने)
|
Dost (Amis)
|
Kitne dost?
|
|
Féminin Singulier
|
Kitni (कितनी)
|
Chai (Thé)
|
Kitni chai?
|
|
Féminin Pluriel
|
Kitni (कितनी)
|
Kursiyan (Chaises)
|
Kitni kursiyan?
|
|
Oblique (Général)
|
Kitne (कितने)
|
Ka (Prix)
|
Ye kitne ka hai?
|
Spectre de formalité
यह कितने का है? (Shopping)
यह कितने का है? (Shopping)
कितने का है? (Shopping)
कितने का पड़ा? (Shopping)
L'univers de Kitna
Masculin
- Kitna Singulier (Argent/Temps)
- Kitne Pluriel (Gens/Roupies)
Féminin
- Kitni Singulier & Pluriel (Thé/Nuits)
Kitna vs Français
Choisir la bonne forme
Le nom est-il féminin ?
Est-ce au pluriel ?
Noms communs et leurs paires
Kitna (M.Sg)
- • Paani (Eau)
- • Samay (Temps)
- • Dard (Douleur)
Kitni (F)
- • Chai (Thé)
- • Coffee
- • Bhir (Foule)
Kitne (M.Pl)
- • Log (Gens)
- • Dost (Amis)
- • Rupaye (Roupies)
Exemples par niveau
कितना पानी?
How much water?
कितनी चाय?
How much tea?
कितने सेब?
How many apples?
कितना दूध?
How much milk?
आपको कितना समय चाहिए?
How much time do you need?
कितनी किताबें खरीदीं?
How many books did you buy?
कितने लोग आए थे?
How many people came?
कितनी चीनी डालूँ?
How much sugar should I add?
उसने कितनी मेहनत की?
How much hard work did he do?
कितने पैसे खर्च हुए?
How much money was spent?
कितना शोर है यहाँ!
How much noise is there here!
कितनी बार कहा है?
How many times have I told you?
कितने प्रतिशत अंक मिले?
What percentage of marks did you get?
कितनी दूर है स्टेशन?
How far is the station?
कितना अनुभव है आपको?
How much experience do you have?
कितने विकल्प उपलब्ध हैं?
How many options are available?
कितनी जटिलता है इस समस्या में?
How much complexity is in this problem?
कितना प्रभाव पड़ा निर्णय का?
How much impact did the decision have?
कितने आयाम हैं इसके?
How many dimensions does this have?
कितनी संवेदनशीलता की आवश्यकता है?
How much sensitivity is required?
कितना औचित्य है इस तर्क का?
How much justification is there for this argument?
कितनी विसंगतियाँ पाई गई हैं?
How many discrepancies have been found?
कितने प्रतिमान बदले हैं?
How many paradigms have changed?
कितना विरोधाभास है इसमें?
How much contradiction is in this?
Facile à confondre
Learners mix up quantity and identity.
Both relate to quantity.
Using singular for plural nouns.
Erreurs courantes
Kitna chai?
Kitni chai?
Kitna log?
Kitne log?
Kitni doodh?
Kitna doodh?
Kitna kitabein?
Kitni kitabein?
Kitna paise?
Kitne paise?
Kitni kaam?
Kitna kaam?
Kitne pani?
Kitna pani?
Kitna baje?
Kitne baje?
Kitni samay?
Kitna samay?
Kitne shanti?
Kitni shanti?
Kitna himmat?
Kitni himmat?
Kitne prabhav?
Kitna prabhav?
Kitni prayas?
Kitna prayas?
Kitne gyan?
Kitna gyan?
Structures de phrases
___ ___ chahiye?
___ ___ hai?
___ ___ lagega?
___ ___ ki zaroorat hai?
Real World Usage
Yeh kitne ka hai?
Kitni chai chahiye?
Kitni door hai?
Kitna samay lagega?
Kitne likes mile?
Kitna bill hua?
Le raccourci du prix
Kitne ka hai?. Ça marche 90% du temps dans les boutiques.Oublie le mot 'Many'
kitne ou kitni.Le drame de la négociation
Kitna mehenga hai! (C'est trop cher !) est la phrase d'ouverture classique pour négocier au marché. Utilise-la avec un peu de théâtre !Smart Tips
Use 'Kitne ka' for price.
Use 'Kitne baje' for time.
Listen to the verb ending.
Use 'Kitni door'.
Prononciation
Nasalization
The 'n' in kitna is soft. Ensure the tongue touches the roof of the mouth.
Stress
Stress the first syllable.
Question Rising
Kitna doodh? ↗
Standard inquiry.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Kitna, Kitni, Kitne—match the ending to the noun, just like a key to a door.
Association visuelle
Imagine a scale. On the left, a heavy jug (Masculine: Kitna). On the right, a delicate teacup (Feminine: Kitni). In the middle, a group of friends (Masculine Plural: Kitne).
Rhyme
Kitna for the boy, Kitni for the girl, Kitne for the many, around the world.
Story
Rohan went to the market. He asked 'Kitna doodh?' (masculine). Then he asked 'Kitni cheeni?' (feminine). Finally, he asked 'Kitne seb?' (plural). The shopkeeper smiled because Rohan got all his agreements right.
Word Web
Défi
Look around your room and ask 'How much/many' for 5 items using the correct kitna/kitni/kitne form.
Notes culturelles
In markets, 'Kitna?' is often used alone to ask the price.
Use 'Kitni matra' for formal quantity inquiries.
Youth often use 'Kitne ka' for price.
Derived from Sanskrit 'kiyat' (how much).
Amorces de conversation
Aaj kitna kaam hai?
Aapko kitni chai chahiye?
Kitne log party mein aa rahe hain?
Is project mein kitna samay lagega?
Sujets d'écriture
Erreurs courantes
Test Yourself
Score: /3
Exercices pratiques
8 exercises___ doodh chahiye?
___ chai bani hai?
Find and fix the mistake:
Kitna kitabein hai?
Kitna seb chahiye? (to plural)
A: ___ paise hue? B: 100 rupaye.
Sort: Doodh, Chai, Log
___ samay lagega?
Match: Pani, Gaadi, Dost
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercisesRoom mein ___ log hain?
Tumhe ___ bhookh lagi hai?
Ye movie kitna lamba hai?
Combien de lait ?
Associe le genre/nombre
Quelle vue !
Aapki umar ___ hai?
hain / gadiyan / wahan / kitni ?
Aapki kitna beta hai?
Delhi yahan se ___ door hai?
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
Hindi grammar treats all feminine nouns as taking the 'kitni' form, regardless of whether they are singular or plural.
No, that will sound incorrect to native speakers. You must match the gender and number.
Yes, 'Kitni door hai?' is how you ask how far something is.
Most nouns ending in 'aa' are masculine, but there are exceptions. It's best to learn the gender with the noun.
The word itself doesn't change, but the surrounding sentence structure (like using 'aap') makes it formal.
Try to use the masculine singular 'kitna' as a default, but try to learn the correct gender as soon as possible.
Kitna is for questions, while 'jitna' is for statements like 'as much as'.
Yes, but for A2 level, focus on the nominative form first.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Cuánto/Cuánta/Cuántos/Cuántas
Spanish has four forms; Hindi has three.
Combien de
French does not change based on gender.
Wie viel
German does not use gender agreement for this.
Ikura / Ikutsu
No gender agreement.
Kam
No gender agreement for 'how much'.
Duoshao / Ji
No gender agreement.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Vidéos associées
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