A2 · Élémentaire Chapitre 2

Ongoing Actions and Future Plans

43 Règles totales
449 exemples
7 min

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the flow of time and express your future dreams in Hindi.

  • Describe ongoing past actions and childhood habits.
  • Formulate future plans and conditional 'if-then' scenarios.
  • Navigate complex Devanagari conjuncts and the oblique noun case.
From yesterday's memories to tomorrow's adventures!

Ce que tu vas apprendre

Hey friend! Ready to level up your Hindi? You've mastered the basics in A1, and now it's time to bring your conversations to life and speak like a local! In this chapter, we're diving deep into the exciting world of Hindi tenses. You'll learn how to use raha tha (was doing) and ta tha (used to do) to tell your past stories, like what you were doing last night or what childhood was like. You'll be able to paint vivid pictures of the past, just like a filmmaker! Next, we'll fast-forward to the future! How do you say 'I will'? With -ga/gi/ge, you'll effortlessly share your weekend plans or make promises. You’ll even master how to say 'won't' and describe actions that are about to happen (using ne wala), so you can confidently talk about appointments and future events. Imagine being able to say, 'Last night I was reading a book' or 'Next week I will go to Delhi!' But that's not all! To truly boost your Hindi, we'll explore essential postpositions like ke saath (with), ki taraf (towards), and ke bare mein (about), helping you add precision to your thoughts. And don't worry, you’ll even tackle key Devanagari script elements like ksha (क्ष) and gya (ज्ञ), making reading and writing Hindi a breeze. By the end of this chapter, you’ll speak Hindi confidently about anything, from cherished memories to exciting future plans. Ready for this adventure?

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to describe what you were doing at a specific time in the past.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to use future tense to schedule appointments and social plans.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to read and write complex conjuncts like 'ksha' and 'tra'.

Guide du chapitre

Overview

Welcome back, language adventurers! You've navigated the foundational concepts of Hindi in A1, and now it's time to elevate your storytelling and planning skills. This Hindi grammar A2 chapter is your next big step toward speaking Hindi confidently and naturally.
We're going to unlock the power of tenses, allowing you to paint vivid pictures of the past and clearly articulate your future plans. Mastering these concepts will help you sound much more like a native speaker, moving beyond simple statements to engaging narratives and clear intentions.
In this chapter, you'll delve into describing ongoing actions in the past, like what you *were doing* (using raha tha), and habitual actions, like what you *used to do* (using ta tha). Imagine sharing childhood memories or recounting last weekend's adventures with ease! Then, we'll fast-forward to the future, equipping you with the tools to express 'I will' using the versatile -ga/gi/ge endings, and even how to say 'won't'.
You'll also learn to talk about actions that are about to happen with ne wala, perfect for discussing immediate plans. This is essential Hindi grammar for everyday conversations.
Beyond tenses, we’ll enhance your precision with crucial Hindi postpositions like ke saath (with), ki taraf (towards), and ke bare mein (about). These little words are game-changers for adding detail and nuance to your sentences. We'll even tackle some fascinating Devanagari script elements, including the conjuncts ksha (क्ष) and gya (ज्ञ), making your reading and writing journey smoother.
By the end of this chapter, you'll be able to discuss anything from cherished past events to exciting future plans, truly boosting your Hindi fluency. Get ready to speak Hindi with newfound confidence!

How This Grammar Works

This chapter introduces you to a rich set of Hindi grammar tools that will significantly expand your communicative abilities at the A2 Hindi level. We start with past actions, differentiating between what you *were doing* and what you *used to do*. For ongoing past actions, we use the Past Continuous structure with raha tha (masculine singular), rahi thi (feminine singular), rahe the (masculine plural/respectful), and rahi thin (feminine plural).
For example, main kitaab paṛh raha tha (I was reading a book). To describe habitual or repeated actions in the past, we use the Past Habitual with ta tha (masculine singular), ti thi (feminine singular), te the (masculine plural/respectful), and ti thin (feminine plural). For instance, bachpan mein main khelta tha (In childhood, I used to play).
Moving to the future, the Hindi Future Tense is formed by adding -ga/-gi/-ge to the verb stem. Main jaaunga (I will go - masculine), main jaaungi (I will go - feminine). Remember the Hindi Irregular Future Verbs like lena (to take) becoming loonga/loongi, dena (to give) becoming doonga/doongi, and hona (to be) becoming hoga/hogi.
To express "won't," simply add nahin before the future verb: main nahin jaaunga (I won't go). For actions that are about to happen, we use ne wala (masculine singular), ne wali (feminine singular), ne wale (masculine plural/respectful), and ne walin (feminine plural) with the infinitive verb: main khana khane wala hoon (I am about to eat food).
We also introduce crucial Hindi postpositions that add precision. Ke saath means 'with' (dost ke saath - with a friend), ki taraf means 'towards' (ghar ki taraf - towards home), and ke bare mein means 'about' (mere bare mein - about me). These are vital for building complex sentences.
Additionally, you'll get a crash course in essential Devanagari conjuncts like ksha (क्ष) and gya (ज्ञ), which are common and important for reading. You'll also learn about The Oblique Case for nouns, where ladka (boy) becomes ladke when followed by a postposition, as in ladke ke saath (with the boy). These elements are key to mastering Hindi grammar A2.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Wrong: मैं कल किताब पढ़ रहा था। (Main kal kitaab paṛh raha tha.) (I was reading a book yesterday.) - Used for an ongoing action, but yesterday implies completion.
Correct: मैंने कल किताब पढ़ी। (Maine kal kitaab paṛhi.) (I read a book yesterday.)
*Explanation:* Use the simple past tense (perfective aspect) for completed actions in the past. Raha tha is for actions that were *ongoing* at a specific point in the past, not typically for an action completed over a period like yesterday.
  1. 1Wrong: वह कल दिल्ली जायेगा। (Vah kal Dilli jaayega.) (He will go to Delhi tomorrow.) - This is grammatically correct but often sounds less natural for a definite plan.
Correct: वह कल दिल्ली जाने वाला है। (Vah kal Dilli jaane wala hai.) (He is about to go to Delhi tomorrow / He is going to Delhi tomorrow.)
*Explanation:* While the simple future is fine, ne wala hai often expresses a more immediate or definite future plan, especially for tomorrow or soon. It conveys a sense of about to or going to.
  1. 1Wrong: मैं चाय पीयेगा। (Main chaay peeyega.) (I will drink tea.) - Incorrect gender agreement.
Correct: मैं चाय पीऊँगा। (Main chaay peeunga.) (I will drink tea.) (If the speaker is male)
Correct: मैं चाय पीऊँगी। (Main chaay peeungi.) (I will drink tea.) (If the speaker is female)
*Explanation:* The future tense ending -ga/-gi/-ge must agree with the gender and number of the *subject*. Peeyega is for a third-person masculine singular subject (he/she/it).

Real Conversations

A

A

तुम कल रात क्या कर रहे थे? (Tum kal raat kya kar rahe the?) (What were you doing last night?)
B

B

मैं एक नई फ़िल्म देख रहा था। (Main ek nayi film dekh raha tha.) (I was watching a new movie.)
A

A

क्या तुम मेरे साथ बाज़ार चलोगे? (Kya tum mere saath baazaar chaloge?) (Will you come to the market with me?)
B

B

हाँ, ज़रूर! मैं बस निकलने वाला हूँ। (Haan, zaroor! Main bas nikalne wala hoon.) (Yes, definitely! I am just about to leave.)
A

A

बचपन में तुम कहाँ खेलते थे? (Bachpan mein tum kahaan khelte the?) (Where did you use to play in childhood?)
B

B

मैं अपने दोस्तों के साथ पार्क में खेलता था। (Main apne doston ke saath park mein khelta tha.) (I used to play in the park with my friends.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I say I will in Hindi, and does it change based on who is speaking?

Yes, it changes! You add -unga if you are a male speaker (main jaaunga - I will go), and -ungi if you are a female speaker (main jaaungi - I will go).

Q

What's the main difference between using raha tha and ta tha in Hindi?

Raha tha (and its variations) describes an action that was *ongoing* at a specific point in the past (e.g., I *was eating*). Ta tha (and its variations) describes an action that *used to happen habitually* or repeatedly in the past (e.g.,

I *used to eat*
).

Q

When should I use ne wala in Hindi?

You use ne wala (and its variations) to express actions that are about to happen or going to happen very soon, or for a definite, planned future event. For example, gaari aane wali hai (The car is about to come).

Q

How do I talk about something or someone in Hindi?

You use the postposition ke bare mein. For example, uske bare mein (about him/her) or kitaab ke bare mein (about the book).

Cultural Context

In everyday Hindi conversations, the choice between simple future and ne wala often depends on the speaker's intent regarding immediacy and certainty. While main jaaunga (I will go) is perfectly valid, main jaane wala hoon (I'm going to go/about to go) can convey a stronger sense of a fixed plan or imminent action, making your speech sound more natural and engaged. Similarly, using ta tha to recount childhood memories or old habits is very common and adds a nostalgic, personal touch to storytelling.
Native speakers frequently use these structures to add nuance and emotion, making conversations richer and more descriptive. Mastering these A2 Hindi patterns will help you sound more like a local.

Exemples clés (8)

1

Main kal raat Netflix dekh raha tha.

Je regardais Netflix hier soir.

Passé Continu et Habituel (J'étais en train de vs J'avais l'habitude de)
2

Hum bachpan mein bohot masti karte the.

On s'amusait beaucoup quand on était petits.

Passé Continu et Habituel (J'étais en train de vs J'avais l'habitude de)
3

मैं कल आऊँगा।

Je viendrai demain.

Le Futur en Hindi : Dire 'Je ferai' (-gā/-gī)
4

क्या तुम पिज़्ज़ा खाओगी?

Tu mangeras de la pizza ?

Le Futur en Hindi : Dire 'Je ferai' (-gā/-gī)
5

मैं आपको कल पैसे `दूँगा`।

Je te donnerai l'argent demain.

Verbes irréguliers au futur en hindi : Prendre, Donner, Être (लूँगा, दूँगा, होगा)
6

क्या तुम कॉफ़ी `लोगी`?

Tu prendras (boiras) du café ?

Verbes irréguliers au futur en hindi : Prendre, Donner, Être (लूँगा, दूँगा, होगा)
7

मैं कल स्कूल नहीं जाऊंगा।

Je n'irai pas à l'école demain.

Dire « Je ne ferai pas » en hindi (Négation du futur)
8

वह तुमसे बात नहीं करेगी।

Elle ne te parlera pas.

Dire « Je ne ferai pas » en hindi (Négation du futur)

Conseils et astuces (4)

💡

L'exception du verbe 'être'

Le verbe 'être' (hona) est un peu spécial. On ne dit pas 'ho raha tha' pour 'j'étais'. On dit juste 'Main tha' (j'étais). 'Ho raha tha' veut dire 'cela se passait/devenait'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passé Continu et Habituel (J'étais en train de vs J'avais l'habitude de)
🎯

La règle du voyage

Pour dire que tu es allé quelque part et revenu, utilise toujours 'gayā thā'. Par exemple : «मैं पेरिस गया था।»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Le Plus-que-parfait en hindi : Les actions (Pūrṇ Bhūtkāl)
🎯

Le 'Ga' est la clé

Si tu oublies un petit bout, souviens-toi que chaque verbe au futur simple DOIT finir par «Gā», «Gī» ou Ge. C'est ta bouée de sauvetage ! main jāūngā
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Le Futur en Hindi : Dire 'Je ferai' (-gā/-gī)
⚠️

Attention à la confusion avec 'Lana'

Fais attention à ne pas confondre लाना (apporter) avec लेना (prendre). लाना est régulier («लाऊँगा»), mais लेना est irrégulier («लूँगा»).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbes irréguliers au futur en hindi : Prendre, Donner, Être (लूँगा, दूँगा, होगा)

Vocabulaire clé (6)

कल(kal) tomorrow/yesterday योजना(yojna) plan दोस्त(dost) friend मौसम(mausam) weather/season अगला(agla) next साथ(saath) with

Real-World Preview

map

Planning a Weekend Trip

Review Summary

  • Stem + raha/rahi/rahe + tha/thi/the
  • Stem + oonga/ega/oge/enge
  • Masc -a -> -e before postposition

Erreurs courantes

Nouns ending in '-a' must change to the oblique '-e' form before any postposition like 'ke saath'.

Wrong: लड़का के साथ(ladka ke saath)
Correct: लड़के के साथ(ladke ke saath)

The first-person 'I' has a unique ending '-oonga' in the future, not the third-person '-ega'.

Wrong: मैं कल जाएगा(main kal jaayega) - said by a male
Correct: मैं कल जाऊँगा(main kal jaaunga)

The 'ne wala' structure requires a helping verb (hai/tha) to complete the sentence.

Wrong: वह खाने वाला(voh khaane wala)
Correct: वह खाने वाला है(voh khaane wala hai)

Règles dans ce chapitre (43)

Next Steps

You've just unlocked the ability to talk about time! This is a huge milestone in your Hindi journey. Keep practicing those future endings!

Write 5 sentences about your childhood habits using 'ta tha'.

Record yourself saying your plans for next summer.

Pratique rapide (10)

Convertis 'bolna' (parler) en un ordre 'tum'.

Tum zor se ___ (Speak loudly).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: bolo
Pour les ordres 'Tum', tu enlèves '-na' et tu ajoutes '-o'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Commandes informelles en hindi : Le "Tum" amical (-o)

Corrige la faute d'orthographe

Find and fix the mistake:

J'aime jouer au किरकेट (cricket).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: क्रिकेट
'Cricket' a un mélange 'Cr'. On utilise la barre oblique sur Ka (क) pour faire Kra (क्र), et non la voyelle 'Ri' (कृ) ou des lettres séparées.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Le R caché : La barre en indice (Pra, Tra, Gra)

Trouve l'erreur dans cette phrase.

Find and fix the mistake:

वह लड़का के बारे में पूछ रहा है।

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: वह लड़के के बारे में पूछ रहा है।
'लड़का' doit changer à sa forme oblique 'लड़के' car il est suivi d'une postposition.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Parler 'de' quelque chose (के बारे में)

Quelle phrase décrit correctement 'Mai prochain' ?

Choisis le bon accord de genre pour Mai :

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Aglā Maī (अगला मई)
Les mois sont toujours masculins, donc on utilise l'adjectif masculin singulier 'Aglā'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Genre des mois en hindi (Ce sont tous des garçons !)

Quel mot complète correctement la phrase ?

Choisis le mot correct pour 'Légume' : ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: सब्ज़ी (Sabzī)
Le mot pour légume vient du persan et utilise le son 'z', il a donc besoin du point (Nuqta) sous le Ja. Pense à «सब्ज़ी» pour tes courses !

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nuqta : Le point pour les sons Z, F et Ourdou

Trouve l'erreur dans la phrase.

Find and fix the mistake:

शकित ही सब कुछ है। (Power is everything.)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: शक्ति ही सब कुछ है।
L'orthographe correcte est 'shakti' (शक्ति). La voyelle 'i' s'applique à tout le conjonct.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: La ligature 'kta' : Temps et Pouvoir (क्त)

Quelle est l'orthographe correcte pour 'Symbole' ?

Choose the correct spelling:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: चिह्न
L'orthographe standard utilise la conjonction ह्न (hna), pas des lettres séparées.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: H Empilé en Hindi : hma & hna (ह्म, ह्न)

Complète la phrase avec le mot pour 'sucre'.

Chāy mein ___ mat dālo. (Ne mets pas ___ dans le thé.)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: shakkar
Le sucre est 'शक्कर' (shakkar) avec le son double 'k'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Le Double 'K' (क्क) : Écrire et prononcer des mots forts

Choisis la forme possessive correcte pour 'phone' (masculin).

Yeh Aamir ___ phone hai.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ka
Puisque 'phone' est masculin singulier, 'ka' est le bon choix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Accord possessif (ka/ke/ki)

Quelle phrase utilise le bon genre pour 'Vasant' ?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: वसंत आ रहा है।
'Vasant' est un nom singulier masculin, donc 'aa raha hai' est la forme verbale correcte.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Les cinq saisons principales en hindi (Garmi, Sardi, etc.)

Score: /10

Questions fréquentes (6)

Non. Karta tha implique une habitude sur une longue période. Pour hier, utilise le Passé Simple (kiya).
'J'avais l'habitude d'aller' c'est Main jaata tha. 'Je suis allé' c'est Main gaya.
Le Past Perfect comme «गया था» insiste sur une action totalement finie ou lointaine, alors que le passé simple raconte une suite d'événements.
Mieux vaut utiliser le passé simple. Le Past Perfect donne l'impression que ça s'est passé il y a longtemps, comme dans «मैंने उसे देखा था।»
Pas vraiment. Ce temps implique une certaine certitude. Pour 'peut-être', tu ajouterais un mot comme 'shāyad' (peut-être) au début :
Shāyad main āūngā
(Peut-être que je viendrai).
-egā est pour la troisième personne (il/elle) ou le 'tu' très intime. -oge est spécifiquement pour le 'tum' (tu) familier. Ne les mélange pas quand tu envoies des SMS à tes amis !